|
1
|
Gavurova B, Popesko B, Ivankova V, Rigelsky M. The Role of Self-Care Activities (SASS-14) in Depression (PHQ-9): Evidence From Slovakia During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 9:803815. [PMID: 35111721 PMCID: PMC8801882 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.803815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the ongoing situation, when the world is dominated by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the development of self-care programs appears to be insufficient, while their role in mental health may be crucial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between self-care activities and depression in the general Slovak population, but also in its individual gender and age categories. This was achieved by validating the self-care screening instrument, assessing differences, and evaluating the associations using quantile regression analysis. The final research sample consisted of 806 participants [males: 314 (39%), females: 492 (61%)] and data were collected through an online questionnaire from February 12, 2021 to February 23, 2021. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression (α = 0.89) and Self-Care Activities Screening Scale (SASS-14) [health consciousness (HC) (α = 0.82), nutrition and physical activity (NPA) (α = 0.75), sleep quality (SLP) (α = 0.82), and interpersonal and intrapersonal coping strategies (IICS) (α = 0.58)] were used as screening measures. Mild depressive symptoms were found in 229 participants (28.41%), moderate depressive symptoms in 154 participants (19.11%), moderately severe depressive symptoms in 60 participants (7.44%) and severe depressive symptoms in 43 participants (5.33%). The main findings revealed the fact that individual self-care activities were associated with depression. This supported the idea that well-practiced self-care activities should be an immediate part of an individual's life in order to reduce depressive symptoms. Sleep quality played an important role, while HC indicated the need for increased attention. Other dimensions of self-care also showed significant results that should not be overlooked. In terms of depression, females and younger individuals need targeted interventions. The supportive educational intervention developed based on the self-care theory can help manage and maintain mental health during a stressful period, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Health policy leaders should focus on health-promoting preventive self-care interventions, as the demand for them increases even more during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beata Gavurova
- Center for Applied Economic Research, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Zlín, Czechia
| | - Boris Popesko
- Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Zlín, Czechia
| | - Viera Ivankova
- Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Rigelsky
- Department of Marketing and International Trade, Faculty of Management and Business, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
The Impact of Different Coping Styles on Psychological Distress during the COVID-19: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010947. [PMID: 34682693 PMCID: PMC8535725 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to understand the impact of different coping methods endorsed by Chinese college students during COVID-19 through the examination of the mediating role of perceived stress. We recruited a total of 492 undergraduate students to complete an online survey from May to June 2020. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that perceived stress was a significant mediator in the association between different coping styles and psychological distress. Three coping styles, including problem-focused, adaptive emotion-focused, and maladaptive emotion-focused coping styles were all significantly correlated with psychological distress. Perceived stress significantly mediated the association between the three coping styles and psychological distress. The results indicated a full mediation model in which problem-focused coping and adaptive emotion-focused coping affected psychological distress entirely through the mediation of perceived stress. Maladaptive emotion-focused coping positively predicted perceived stress, which in turn positively predicted psychological distress through a partial mediation model. We discuss the implications of these findings and offer suggestions for future research.
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Chan SHW, Yu CH, Liu KHK, Lau C, Fung AOY, Tse S. Evaluating the emotion regulation of positive mood states among people with bipolar disorder using hierarchical clustering. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:619-634. [PMID: 34631465 PMCID: PMC8474994 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i9.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with bipolar disorder (BD) frequently struggle with the recurrence of affective symptoms. However, the interplay between coping mechanism and positive mood state remains under-researched.
AIM To explore the associations among behavioral approach system (BAS) sensitivity level, coping, and positive mood states among people with BD.
METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design, 90 participants with BD were presented with four BAS-activating life event scenarios and assessed with regard to their BAS trait sensitivity, coping flexibility, and mood states. A hierarchical clustering method was used to identify different groups with different styles of coping. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the mediating and moderating roles of different components of coping on mood states.
RESULTS A three-cluster solution was found to best fit the present data set. The findings showed that a low mass of coping combined with low BAS sensitivity level protects people with BD from detrimentally accentuating mood states when they encounter BAS-activating life events. Moreover, coping flexibility is demonstrated to mediate and moderate the relationships between BAS sensitivity level and mood states. Specifically, subduing the perceived controllability and reducing the use of behavioral-activation/emotion-amplifying coping strategies could help buffer the effect of positive affect.
CONCLUSION The judicious use of coping in emotion regulation for people with BD when encountering BAS-activating life events was indicated. Practical applications and theoretical implications are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Ho-Wan Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chong Ho Yu
- School of Behavioral and Applied Science, Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702, United States
| | - Ken Ho Kan Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Charlie Lau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna On Yee Fung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Samson Tse
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
O’Reilly A, Tibbs M, Booth A, Doyle E, McKeague B, Moore J. A rapid review investigating the potential impact of a pandemic on the mental health of young people aged 12-25 years. Ir J Psychol Med 2021; 38:192-207. [PMID: 32912358 PMCID: PMC7711353 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2020.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic. Adolescence and early adulthood are peak times for the onset of mental health difficulties. Exposure to a pandemic during this vulnerable developmental period places young people at significant risk of negative psychological experiences. The objective of this research was to summarise existing evidence on the potential impact of a pandemic on the mental health of 12-25 year olds. METHODS A rapid review of the published peer-reviewed literature, published between 1985 and 2020, using PsycINFO (Proquest) and Medline (Proquest) was conducted. Narrative synthesis was used across studies to identify key themes and concepts. RESULTS This review found 3,359 papers, which was reduced to 12 papers for data extraction. Results regarding the prevalence of psychological difficulties in youth were mixed, with some studies finding this group experience heightened distress during an infectious disease outbreak, and others finding no age differences or higher distress among adults. Gender, coping, self-reported physical health and adoption of precautionary measures appear to play a role in moderating the psychological impact of an infectious disease outbreak. Most studies were conducted after the peak of an epidemic/pandemic or in the recovery period. CONCLUSIONS More longitudinal research with young people, particularly adolescents in the general population, before and during the early stages of an infectious disease outbreak is needed to obtain a clear understanding of how best to support young people during these events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. O’Reilly
- Jigsaw – The National Centre for Youth Mental Health, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M. Tibbs
- Jigsaw – The National Centre for Youth Mental Health, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A. Booth
- Jigsaw – The National Centre for Youth Mental Health, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E. Doyle
- Jigsaw – The National Centre for Youth Mental Health, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B. McKeague
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare
| | - J. Moore
- Jigsaw – The National Centre for Youth Mental Health, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Zhou C, Yue XD, Zhang X, Shangguan F, Zhang XY. Self-efficacy and mental health problems during COVID-19 pandemic: A multiple mediation model based on the Health Belief Model. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021; 179:110893. [PMID: 36540084 PMCID: PMC9756413 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Confronting COVID-19 pandemic, one's health belief and behavior are essential to mental well-being. Thus conceived, this study applied the Health Belief Model to test the mediating effect of risk perception and coping strategies on the relationship between self-efficacy and mental health problems. Six hundred and eighteen participants aged 17-52 (117 males and 501 females) completed our web-based survey from February 7 to April 10, 2020. 12.6-15.1% of participants were affected by COVID-19 outbreak in varying degrees. The mediating effects of risk perception and active coping were significant, so was the serial mediating effect of risk perception and passive coping. Individuals with higher general self-efficacy were more likely to have lower risk perception, less passive coping strategies, more active coping strategies, and subsequently had less mental health problems. In conclusion, application of the HBM would help understand how mental health problems happen during an infectious disease epidemic, and the relationships among the HBM constructs need further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Dong Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingli Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Shangguan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Hussong AM, Midgette AJ, Thomas TE, Coffman JL, Cho S. Coping and Mental Health in Early Adolescence during COVID-19. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021; 49:1113-1123. [PMID: 33856611 PMCID: PMC8048334 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-021-00821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The current longitudinal study examines changes in overall mental health symptomatology from before to after the COVID-19 outbreak in youth from the southeastern United States as well as the potential mitigating effects of self-efficacy, optimism, and coping. A sample of 105 parent-child dyads participated in the study (49% boys; 81% European American, 1% Alaska Native/American Indian, 9% Asian/Asian American; 4% Black/African American; 4% Latinx; and 4% other; 87% mothers; 25% high school graduate without college education; 30% degree from 4-year college; 45% graduate or professional school). Parents completed surveys when children were aged 6-9, 8-12, 9-13, and 12-16, with the last assessments occurring between May 13, 2020 and July 1, 2020 during the COVID-19 outbreak. Children also completed online surveys at ages 11-16 assessing self-efficacy, optimism, and coping. Multi-level modeling analyses showed a within-person increase in mental health symptoms from before to after the outbreak after controlling for changes associated with maturation. Symptom increases were mitigated in youth with greater self-efficacy and (to some extent) problem-focused engaged coping, and exacerbated in youth with greater emotion-focused engaged and disengaged coping. Implications of this work include the importance of reinforcing self-efficacy in youth during times of crisis, such as the pandemic, and the potential downsides of emotion-focused coping as an early response to the crisis for youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Hussong
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Allegra J Midgette
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Taylor E Thomas
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer L Coffman
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of North Carolina At Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Su Cho
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Hamadi HY, Zakari NMA, Jibreel E, AL Nami FN, Smida JAS, Ben Haddad HH. Stress and Coping Strategies among Nursing Students in Clinical Practice during COVID-19. NURSING REPORTS 2021; 11:629-639. [PMID: 34968338 PMCID: PMC8608122 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep11030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is common among nursing students and it has been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined nursing students' stress levels and their coping strategies in clinical practice before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A repeated-measures study design was used to examine the relationship between nursing students' stress levels and coping strategies before and during the pandemic. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to validate the survey and a student T-test was used to compare the level of stress and coping strategies among 131 nursing students. The STROBE checklist was used. During COVID-19, there was a reliable and accurate relationship between stress and coping strategies. Furthermore, both stress and coping strategy scores were lower before COVID-19 and higher during COVID-19. Nursing students are struggling to achieve a healthy stress-coping strategy during the pandemic. There is a need for the introduction of stress management programs to help foster healthy coping skills. Students are important resources for our health system and society and will continue to be vital long term. It is now up to both nursing educators and health administrators to identify and implement the needed improvements in training and safety measures because they are essential for the health of the patient as well as future pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanadi Y Hamadi
- Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Nazik M. A. Zakari
- College of Applied Sciences, Al Maarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.Z.); (F.N.A.N.); (J.A.S.S.)
| | - Ebtesam Jibreel
- College of Applied Sciences, Al Maarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.Z.); (F.N.A.N.); (J.A.S.S.)
| | - Faisal N. AL Nami
- College of Applied Sciences, Al Maarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.Z.); (F.N.A.N.); (J.A.S.S.)
| | - Jamel A. S. Smida
- College of Applied Sciences, Al Maarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.Z.); (F.N.A.N.); (J.A.S.S.)
| | - Hedi H. Ben Haddad
- Department of Finance and Investment, College of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Jarego M, Pimenta F, Pais-Ribeiro J, Costa RM, Patrão I, Coelho L, Ferreira-Valente A. Do coping responses predict better/poorer mental health in Portuguese adults during Portugal's national lockdown associated with the COVID-19? PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021; 175:110698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
|
9
|
Mental Health and Coping Strategies in Undergraduate Students During COVID-19 Pandemic. TRENDS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [PMCID: PMC7987242 DOI: 10.1007/s43076-021-00069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic by the World Health Organization in early 2020, different research has been designed to understand how mental health can be impacted by the pandemic. This study has focused on possible coping strategies developed by the university population in response to social distancing. This study aimed to identify if there was a relation between the coping strategies adopted by undergraduates during the social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. The sample consisted of 503 undergraduates between 17 and 62 years old (M = 23.82; SD = 7.56) who answered an online form containing a questionnaire of sociodemographic data, a coping strategies scale, and the DASS-21 scale. Descriptive analyses (means and standard deviations) and Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed to verify the relationship and differences in the constructs investigated by gender, Higher Education Institution (HEI) (private, public, and community), age groups, social distancing, etc. In parallel, Spearman’s analysis was performed to determine the correlation between symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, and coping strategies and a chi-square test to check the association between income and educational status at the time of data collection. The results indicate a correlation between symptoms and some coping strategies, differences in symptoms, and strategies employed according to gender, work status, and religious practice.
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Shao R, Shi Z, Zhang D. Social Media and Emotional Burnout Regulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multilevel Approach. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e27015. [PMID: 33661753 PMCID: PMC7968478 DOI: 10.2196/27015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In February 2020, the Chinese government imposed a complete lockdown of Wuhan and other cities in Hubei Province to contain a spike of COVID-19 cases. Although such measures are effective in preventing the spread of the virus, medical professionals strongly voiced a caveat concerning the pandemic emotional burnout at the individual level. Although the lockdown limited individuals' interpersonal communication with people in their social networks, it is common that individuals turn to social media to seek and share health information, exchange social support, and express pandemic-generated feelings. OBJECTIVE Based on a holistic and multilevel perspective, this study examines how pandemic-related emotional exhaustion enacts intrapersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal emotional regulation strategies, and then evaluates the effectiveness of these strategies, with a particular interest in understanding the role of hyperpersonal-level regulation or social media-based regulation. METHODS Using an online panel, this study sampled 538 Chinese internet users from Hubei Province, the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Survey data collection lasted for 12 days from February 7-18, 2020, two weeks after Hubei Province was placed under quarantine. The sample had an average age of 35 (SD 10.65, range 18-78) years, and a majority were married (n=369, 68.6%). RESULTS Using structural equation modeling, this study found that intrapersonal-level (B=0.22; β=.24; P<.001) and interpersonal-level (B=0.35; β=.49; P<.001) emotional regulation strategies were positively associated with individuals' outcome reappraisal. In contrast with intrapersonal and interpersonal regulations, hyperpersonal (social media-based) regulation strategies, such as disclosing and retweeting negative emotions, were negatively related to the outcome reappraisal (B=-1.00; β=-.80; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Consistent with previous literature, intrapersonal-level regulation (eg, cognitive reappraisal, mindfulness, and self-kindness) and interpersonal-level supportive interaction may generate a buffering effect on emotional exhaustion and promote individuals' reappraisal toward the stressful situation. However, hyperpersonal-level regulation may exacerbate the experienced negative emotions and impede reappraisal of the pandemic situation. It is speculated that retweeting content that contains pandemic-related stress and anxiety may cause a digital emotion contagion. Individuals who share other people's negative emotional expressions on social media are likely to be affected by the negative affect contagion. More importantly, the possible benefits of intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulations may be counteracted by social media or hyperpersonal regulation. This suggests the necessity to conduct social media-based health communication interventions to mitigate the social media-wide negative affect contagion if lockdown policies related to highly infectious diseases are initiated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruosi Shao
- The Donald P Bellisairo College of Communications, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Zhen Shi
- The Research Center for Journalism and Social Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Di Zhang
- The Research Center for Journalism and Social Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Ma ATH, Lam TWL, Cheung LTO, Fok L. Protected areas as a space for pandemic disease adaptation: A case of COVID-19 in Hong Kong. LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING 2021; 207:103994. [PMID: 33223587 PMCID: PMC7670935 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
As COVID-19 has swept across the world, governments have been prompted to order social distancing measures, from the closure of schools, restaurants and public facilities to quarantines and lockdowns. Access to and contact with nature have been suggested to help combat impacts associated with isolation measures, and a coincidental surge in the number of visitors to country parks in Hong Kong has recently been observed. The current study sought to explore the visitation of country parks as an adaptation to COVID-19 by employing the socio-psychological model of precautionary adaptation (SPMPA). Questionnaire surveys were administered in 12 country parks in Hong Kong, and a total of 600 samples were collected. A conceptual model based on the SPMPA was proposed and tested through multiple regression analysis. Significant associations between perceived severity, threat experience and adaptative behaviour were found, suggesting the possible risks of visiting country parks. However, the relationships among perceived adaptation efficacy, adaptation cost and reliance on public adaptation implied that the adaptative benefits of visiting country parks may outweigh the risks when proper visitor management measures are implemented. The findings highlighted the importance of providing accessible protected areas or other types of nature-based spaces to facilitate the adaptation of people to disease outbreaks in both the short and long run.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anson T H Ma
- Department of Geography and Resources Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Theresa W L Lam
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lewis T O Cheung
- Department of Social Sciences, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lincoln Fok
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Baloch GM, Kamaludin K, Chinna K, Sundarasen S, Nurunnabi M, Khoshaim HB, Hossain SFA, Sukayt AA, Baloch LG. Coping with COVID-19: The Strategies Adapted by Pakistani Students to Overcome Implications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041799. [PMID: 33673237 PMCID: PMC7918213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has speedily immersed the globe with 72+ million cases and 1.64 million deaths, in a span of around one year, disturbing and deteriorating almost every sphere of life. This study investigates how students in Pakistan have coped with the COVID-19. Zung’s self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) was used for measuring anxiety and the coping strategies were measured on four strategies i.e., seeking social support, humanitarian, acceptance, and mental disengagement. Among 494 respondents, 61% were females and 77.3% of the students were in the age group of 19–25 years. The study findings indicate that approximately 41 percent of students are experiencing some level of anxiety, including 16% with severe to extreme levels. Seeking social support seemed to be the least preferred coping strategy and that female students seek social support, humanitarian, and acceptance coping strategies more than males. Students used both emotion-based and problem-based coping strategies. The variables of gender, age, ethnicity, level and type of study, and living arrangement of the students were associated with usage of coping strategies. Findings showing that students do not prefer to seek social support. The study outcomes will provide basic data for university policies in Pakistan and the other countries with same cultural contexts to design and place better mental health provisions for students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gul Muhammad Baloch
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, No. 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-169661676
| | - Kamilah Kamaludin
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia; (K.K.); (S.S.); (M.N.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Karuthan Chinna
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, No. 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Sheela Sundarasen
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia; (K.K.); (S.S.); (M.N.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Mohammad Nurunnabi
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia; (K.K.); (S.S.); (M.N.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Heba Bakr Khoshaim
- Deanship of Educational Services, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Far Abid Hossain
- College of Business Administration, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, 4 Embankment Drive Road, Sector-10, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh;
| | - Areej Al Sukayt
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia; (K.K.); (S.S.); (M.N.); (A.A.S.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Testing of a Dual Process Model to Resolve the Socioeconomic Health Disparities: A Tale of Two Asian Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020717. [PMID: 33467639 PMCID: PMC7830348 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A wealth of past studies documented that individuals of lower socioeconomic status (SES) are more susceptible to both acute and chronic life stress than those of higher SES, but some recent evidence documents that not all individuals from the lower SES group experience immense stress. The present study was grounded in theories of coping and psychological adjustment, and a dual process model was formulated to address some resolved issues regarding socioeconomic disparities in health. For a robust test of the proposed dual process model, data were collected from two Asian countries—Hong Kong and Indonesia—with different socioeconomic heritage and conditions. Consistent with the predictions of our model, the present findings revealed that coping flexibility was a psychological mechanism underlying the positive association between social capital and health for the lower SES group, whereas active coping was a psychological mechanism underlying this positive association for the higher SES group. These patterns of results were largely replicable in both Asian samples, providing robust empirical support for the proposed dual process model.
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Kamaludin K, Chinna K, Sundarasen S, Khoshaim HB, Nurunnabi M, Baloch GM, Sukayt A, Hossain SFA. Coping with COVID-19 and movement control order (MCO): experiences of university students in Malaysia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05339. [PMID: 33134570 PMCID: PMC7584419 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined how university students in Malaysia coped with the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictions on movement (also known as MCO). A total of 983 students participated in a survey conducted online between April 20 and May 24, 2020. The psychological impact was measured using Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). The students were assessed on the usage of adaptive (humanitarian and seeking social support) and maladaptive coping strategies (acceptance and mental disengagement). The results showed that the students used maladaptive coping strategies more than adaptive coping strategies to deal with anxiety caused by the pandemic and the effect of restriction of movement. Seeking social support and acceptance coping strategies were significantly associated with the level of anxiety. The student's gender, age, ethnicity, level and type of study, and living arrangement were associated with coping strategies. The students' selection of coping strategies mirrors typical Asian culture, that is, submissiveness. The study proposes several practical and professional suggestions to address students' mental health issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamilah Kamaludin
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karuthan Chinna
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, No. 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sheela Sundarasen
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Bakr Khoshaim
- Deanship of Educational Services, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Nurunnabi
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gul Muhammad Baloch
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, No. 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Areej Sukayt
- Department of Accounting, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Far Abid Hossain
- College of Business Administration, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology (IUBAT), 4 Embankment Drive Road, Sector-10, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Nasir A, Shaukat K, Hameed IA, Luo S, Alam TM, Iqbal F. A Bibliometric Analysis of Corona Pandemic in Social Sciences: A Review of Influential Aspects and Conceptual Structure. IEEE ACCESS : PRACTICAL INNOVATIONS, OPEN SOLUTIONS 2020; 8:133377-133402. [PMID: 34812340 PMCID: PMC8545329 DOI: 10.1109/access.2020.3008733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Corona pandemic has affected the whole world, and it is a highly researched area in biological sciences. As the current pandemic has affected countries socially and economically, the purpose of this bibliometric analysis is to provide a holistic review of the corona pandemic in the field of social sciences. This study aims to highlight significant, influential aspects, research streams, and themes. We have reviewed 395 journal articles related to coronavirus in the field of social sciences from 2003 to 2020. We have deployed 'biblioshiny' a web-interface of the 'bibliometrix 3.0' package of R-studio to conduct bibliometric analysis and visualization. In the field of social sciences, we have reported influential aspects of coronavirus literature. We have found that the 'Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report' is the top journal. The core article of coronavirus literature is 'Guidelines for preventing health-care-associated pneumonia'. The most commonly used word, in titles, abstracts, author's keywords, and keywords plus, is 'SARS'. Top affiliation is 'The University of Hong Kong'. Hong Kong is a leading country based on citations, and the USA is on top based on total publications. We have used a conceptual framework to identify potential research streams and themes in coronavirus literature. Four research streams are found by deploying a co-occurrence network. These research streams are 'Social and economic effects of epidemic disease', 'Infectious disease calamities and control', 'Outbreak of COVID 19,' and 'Infectious diseases and the role of international organizations'. Finally, a thematic map is used to provide a holistic understanding by dividing significant themes into basic or transversal, emerging or declining, motor, highly developed, but isolated themes. These themes and subthemes have proposed future directions and critical areas of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Nasir
- Department of Management SciencesLahore College for Women UniversityLahore54000Pakistan
| | - Kamran Shaukat
- School of Electrical Engineering and ComputingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW2308Australia
- Punjab University College of Information Technology, University of the PunjabLahore54590Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim A. Hameed
- Department of ICT and Natural SciencesNorwegian University of Science and Technology7491TrondheimNorway
| | - Suhuai Luo
- School of Electrical Engineering and ComputingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW2308Australia
| | - Talha Mahboob Alam
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan
| | - Farhat Iqbal
- Punjab University College of Information Technology, University of the PunjabLahore54590Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Chemogenetic inhibition of lateral habenula projections to the dorsal raphe nucleus reduces passive coping and perseverative reward seeking in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1115-1124. [PMID: 31958800 PMCID: PMC7235029 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0616-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The lateral habenula (LHb) processes information about aversive experiences that contributes to the symptoms of stress disorders. Previously, we found that chemogenetic inhibition of rat LHb neurons reduced immobility in the forced swim test, but the downstream target of these neurons was not known. Using an intersectional viral vector strategy, we selectively transduced three different output pathways from the LHb by injecting AAV8-DIO-hM4Di into the LHb and CAV2-CRE (a retrograde viral vector) into one of the three target areas as follows: dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), ventral tegmental area (VTA), or rostromedial tegmentum (RMTg). Using the forced swim test, we found that chemogenetic inhibition of DRN-projecting LHb neurons reduced passive coping (immobility), whereas inhibition of the other pathways did not. Chemogenetic activation of DRN-projecting neurons using hM3Dq in another cohort did not further exacerbate immobility. We next examined the impact of inhibiting DRN-projecting LHb neurons on reward sensitivity, perseverative behavior, and anxiety-like behavior using saccharin preference testing, reward-omission testing, and open-field testing, respectively. There was no effect of inhibiting any of these pathways on reward sensitivity, locomotion, or anxiety-like behavior, but inhibiting DRN-projecting LHb neurons reduced perseverative licking during reward-omission testing, whereas activating these neurons increased perseverative licking. These results support the idea that inhibiting LHb projections to the DRN provides animals with resilience during highly stressful or frustrating conditions but not under low-stress circumstances, and that inhibiting these neurons may promote persistence in active coping strategies.
Collapse
|
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Cheng
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chor-lam Chau
- Department of Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
|
18
|
Chan SHW, Tse S. An explorative study on coping flexibility with behavioral approach system-activating stimuli: A comparison of people with and without bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2018; 269:399-407. [PMID: 30173047 PMCID: PMC7112654 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Life events play a significant role in affecting mood symptoms of people with bipolar disorder (BD). However, we lack empirical data about the associations among disorder, mood state, behavioral activation system (BAS) sensitivity, and psychosocial functioning level. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the role of coping flexibility with BAS activating stimuli in relation to mood states among a sample of individuals with BD (n = 90) and a healthy control group (n = 90). Through multiple regressions, the moderating role of coping flexibility was determined. Findings showed that coping flexibility had an additional value in predicting mood states beyond BAS sensitivity and psychosocial functioning level. Specifically, perceived controllability was considerably important for the BD group, whereas fit index was crucial in the controls. In addition, a moderation analysis showed that perceived controllability alleviated the effects of BD diagnosis, BAS sensitivity, and psychosocial functioning level on mood states. Theoretically, this study helps integrate the concept of coping flexibility into the BAS dysregulation theory as it applies to BD. The practical implication for enhancing mindfulness practice is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunny H W Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
| | - Samson Tse
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
|
19
|
Cheng C, Kogan A, Chio JHM. The effectiveness of a new, coping flexibility intervention as compared with a cognitive-behavioural intervention in managing work stress. WORK AND STRESS 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2012.710369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
|
20
|
Zong JG, Chan RCK, Stone WS, Hsi X, Cao XY, Zhao Q, Shi YF, Wang YN, Wang Y. Coping flexibility in young adults: comparison between subjects with and without schizotypal personality features. Schizophr Res 2010; 122:185-92. [PMID: 20510586 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2010.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined characteristics of coping patterns adopted by college students in mainland China. In particular, it examined the coping strategies adopted by subjects with schizotypal personality (SPD) features compared to those without SPD features, and compared the relative effectiveness of their coping. Four types of coping flexibility were identified among the college sample (n=427), including active-inflexible, passive-inflexible, active-inconsistent, and passive-inconsistent styles. The passive-inconsistent style was related to the worst outcomes. When comparing subjects with SPD features with those without SPD features, subjects with SPD features endorsed significantly more emotion-focused strategies in uncontrollable situations than those without SPD features. The SPD group experienced higher levels of trait anxiety, depression, paranoid ideation and general health problems. The SPD group also generally perceived more, less controllable stress than the non-SPD group and randomly used all four categories of coping strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-gang Zong
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Zong JG, Cao XY, Cao Y, Shi YF, Wang YN, Yan C, Abela JRZ, Gan YQ, Gong QY, Chan RCK. Coping flexibility in college students with depressive symptoms. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2010; 8:66. [PMID: 20626865 PMCID: PMC2911409 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-8-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study explored the prevalence of depressed mood among Chinese undergraduate students and examined the coping patterns and degree of flexibility of flexibility of such patterns associated with such mood. METHODS A set of questionnaire assessing coping patterns, coping flexibility, and depressive symptoms were administered to 428 students (234 men and 194 women). RESULTS A total of 266 participants both completed the entire set of questionnaires and reported a frequency of two or more stressful life events (the criterion needed to calculate variance in perceived controllability). Findings showed that higher levels of depressive symptoms were significantly associated with higher levels of both event frequency (r = .368, p < .001) and event impact (r = .245, p < .001) and lower levels of perceived controllability (r = -.261, p < .001), coping effectiveness (r = -.375, p < .001), and ratio of strategy to situation fit (r = -.108, p < .05). Depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with cognitive flexibility (variance of perceived controllability; r = .031, p = .527), Gender was not a significant moderator of any of the reported associations. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that Chinese university students with depressive symptoms reported experiencing a greater number of negative events than did non-depressed university students. In addition, undergraduates with depressive symptoms were more likely than other undergraduates to utilize maladaptive coping methods. Such findings highlight the potential importance of interventions aimed at helping undergraduate students with a lower coping flexibility develop skills to cope with stressful life events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Gang Zong
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
22
|
Jones SC, Iverson D. What Australians know and believe about bird flu: results of a population telephone survey. Health Promot Pract 2009; 9:73S-82S. [PMID: 18936262 DOI: 10.1177/1524839908322112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The avian influenza A (A/H5N1) virus has attracted the attention of governments and health organizations throughout the world because of its pandemic potential. Despite the emerging nature of A/H5N1, there is limited research on public knowledge and perceptions of this disease. This study is based on a computer-assisted telephone interviewing survey conducted in May 2006 to determine the Australian public's knowledge of A/H5N1, their willingness to engage in preventive behaviors, and their acceptance of potential messages for communication campaigns. Awareness and concern about bird flu is low (lower than a recent survey of U.S. residents). There appears to be widespread support for bird flu control measures initiated by the federal government, although less agreement regarding personal protective behaviors. Our study and those examining the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic suggest that governments, including the Australian government, will encounter a number of significant communication challenges in the event of a bird flu outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra C Jones
- Faculty Health and Behavioural Sciences, the Centre for Health Initiatives, University of Wollongong, New South Wales
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
23
|
Abstract
Coping flexibility refers to the formulation of flexible coping strategies that meet distinct demands under changing circumstances. Dialectical thinking was proposed to be related to flexible coping across situations. The hypothesized link between dialectical thinking and coping flexibility was explored by a multimethod approach. In Study 1, the association between dialectical thinking and coping flexibility was examined using a cross-sectional design. In Study 2, the hypothesized link was tested using an experimental paradigm in which dialectical thinking was manipulated by priming procedures. Participants' responses to different hypothetical stressful situations were assessed after priming. Study 3 adopted a prospective design in which dialectical thinking assessed at an initial phase was a predictor of changes in coping flexibility and state anxiety over a 12-month period. Results from the three studies consistently revealed a positive relationship between dialectical thinking and coping flexibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Cheng
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
|
24
|
Vartti AM, Oenema A, Schreck M, Uutela A, de Zwart O, Brug J, Aro AR. SARS knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors: a comparison between Finns and the Dutch during the SARS outbreak in 2003. Int J Behav Med 2009; 16:41-8. [PMID: 19184625 PMCID: PMC7091200 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-008-9004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS outbreak served to test both local and international outbreak management and risk communication practices. PURPOSE The study compares SARS knowledge, perceptions, behaviors, and information between Finns and the Dutch during the SARS outbreak in 2003. METHOD The participants of the study, who used a modified SARS Psychosocial Research Consortium survey, were drawn from Internet panels in Finland (n = 308) and the Netherlands (n = 373) in June 2003. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) to compare Finns with the Dutch for various levels of perceptions and behaviors. RESULTS Adjusted for age, education, and income, Finns were more likely to be knowledgeable and worried about SARS as well as to have low perceived comparative SARS risk and poor personal efficacy beliefs about preventing SARS. Finns were also more likely than the Dutch to have high confidence in physicians on SARS issues but less likely to have received information from the Internet and have confidence in Internet information. CONCLUSIONS The study shed light on how two European populations differed substantially regarding lay responses to SARS. Understanding these differences is needed in formulating and executing communication and outbreak management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A-M Vartti
- Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
25
|
Cheung CK, Tse JWL. Institutional trust as a determinant of anxiety during the SARS crisis in Hong Kong. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2008; 23:41-54. [PMID: 19301537 DOI: 10.1080/19371910802053224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The SARS crisis of 2003 in Hong Kong generated widespread public fear and escalated the efforts of government and medical institutions for infection control. As such, the role of the government and medical institution in preventing public fear and anxiety became prominent. As hypothesized, trust in the institutions is especially relevant to public fear and anxiety during the epidemic crisis. For testing hypotheses involving the role of institutional trust, a telephone survey during the crisis in April 2003 and another telephone survey after the crisis in June 2003 drew data from 9,402 Hong Kong adults for analysis. Results indicate the significant negative effects of trust in the government and trust in the medical institution on anxiety. Supporting the aforementioned hypothesis the effect of institutional trust in the government was significantly more negative on anxiety during the crisis than its aftermath. Hence, the government and medical institution are particularly responsible for anxiety reduction during the crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chau-Kiu Cheung
- Department of Social Work, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong.
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
26
|
Fiksenbaum L, Marjanovic Z, Greenglass ER, Coffey S. Emotional Exhaustion and State Anger in Nurses Who Worked During the Sars Outbreak: The Role of Perceived Threat and Organizational Support. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.7870/cjcmh-2006-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
|
27
|
Barsky JL, Friedman MA, Rosen RC. Sexual dysfunction and chronic illness: the role of flexibility in coping. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2006; 32:235-53. [PMID: 16809251 DOI: 10.1080/00926230600575322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dysfunction is common among individuals with chronic illnesses and is associated with distress and reduced quality of life. Because of the long-term, often irreversible nature of sexual dysfunction in chronic illness and limitations of pharmacological treatments, there is a need to understand cognitive and behavioral coping processes in this population. We present a model of coping with sexual dysfunction that focuses on the construct of flexibility, including the definition of sexual functioning and its centrality to overall self-concept. We describe how this model can be applied in a comprehensive approach to treating sexual dysfunction in individuals with chronic illnesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Barsky
- Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
28
|
Marjanovic Z, Greenglass ER, Coffey S. The relevance of psychosocial variables and working conditions in predicting nurses' coping strategies during the SARS crisis: an online questionnaire survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2006; 44:991-8. [PMID: 16618485 PMCID: PMC7094220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2005] [Revised: 01/06/2006] [Accepted: 02/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between psychosocial variables and working conditions, and nurses' coping methods and distress in response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) crisis in Canada. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE: The sample consisted of 333 nurses (315 women, 18 men) who completed an Internet-mediated questionnaire that was posted on the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO) website between March and May 2004. The questionnaire was restricted to respondents who had to authenticate their RNAO membership with a valid username and password before accessing the questionnaire. This served a dual purpose: to ensure that only RNAO nurses completed the questionnaire and thereby safeguarding the generalizability of the findings; and second, to prevent any one nurse from contributing more than once to the overall sample. RESULTS Correlational analysis yielded several significant relationships between psychosocial variables and working conditions, and the traditional correlates of burnout and stress. Three multiple regression analysis revealed that the model we evolved--including higher levels of vigor, organizational support, and trust in equipment/infection control initiative; and lower levels of contact with SARS patients, and time spent in quarantine--predicted to lower levels of avoidance behavior, emotional exhaustion, and state anger. CONCLUSIONS By employing models of stress and burnout that combine psychosocial variables and working conditions, researchers can account for significant amounts of variance in outcomes related to burnout. These findings highlight the importance of vigor and perceived organizational support in predicting nurses' symptoms of burnout. For healthcare administrators, this means that a likely strategy for assuaging the negative outcomes of stress should address nurses' psychosocial concerns and the working conditions that they face during novel times of crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zdravko Marjanovic
- Department of Psychology, York University, Behavioural Sciences Building, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
29
|
|