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Mohamed NA, Mohamed YA, Haji Mohamud RY, Gabow AA. Evaluation of the prevalence and risk factors of burnout syndrome among healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15:98496. [PMID: 39974495 PMCID: PMC11758047 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i2.98496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout syndrome is a significant issue among healthcare professionals worldwide, marked by depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and a reduced sense of personal achievement. This psychological and physical burden profoundly affects healthcare professionals' quality of care and overall well-being. In Somalia, where the healthcare system faces numerous challenges, the escalating demand for medical services and inadequate resources, coupled with overwhelming workloads, long hours, and high-stress levels, make healthcare providers particularly vulnerable to burnout syndrome. This, in turn, affects both the mental health of healthcare personnel and the quality of care they provide. AIM To examine the prevalence and determinants of burnout syndrome among healthcare practitioners in Mogadishu, Somalia. METHODS This cross-sectional prospective study was performed among 246 healthcare providers employed at a tertiary care hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia, who were recruited via random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires that covered sociodemographic, psychological, work-related characteristics, and burnout syndrome. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the variables that correlated with burnout syndrome. The results were presented using adjusted odds ratios (AORs), 95%CIs, and P values, with a cutoff of 0.05 for identifying significant associations. RESULTS Among the participants, 24% (95%CI: 18.8%-29.8%) exhibited symptoms of burnout syndrome. Factors associated with burnout included female gender (AOR = 6.60; 95%CI: 2.29-19.04), being married (AOR = 3.07; 95%CI: 1.14-8.28), being divorced or widowed (AOR = 5.84; 95%CI: 1.35-25.35), working more than 7 night shifts (AOR = 3.19; 95%CI: 1.30-7.82), having less than 5 years of job experience (AOR = 5.28; 95%CI: 1.29-21.65), experiencing poor sleep quality (AOR = 5.29; 95%CI: 1.88-14.89), and exhibiting depressive (AOR = 4.46; 95%CI: 1.59-12.53) and anxiety symptoms (AOR = 7.34; 95%CI: 2.49-21.60). CONCLUSION This study found that nearly one in four healthcare professionals suffers from burnout syndrome. Improving sleep quality, monitoring, and providing mental health support could enhance their well-being and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Adam Mohamed
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mogadishu Somali-Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu 2526, Somalia
| | - Yusuf Abdirisak Mohamed
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mogadishu Somali-Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu 2526, Somalia
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Somali National University, Mogadishu 2526, Somalia
| | - Rahma Yusuf Haji Mohamud
- Department of Nursing, Mogadishu Somali-Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu 2526, Somalia
| | - Adan Ali Gabow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mogadishu Somali-Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu 2526, Somalia
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Gabay G. Professional burnout among expert physicians, patient-focused care, and trust in top management: Moving forward. Scand J Psychol 2024; 65:706-714. [PMID: 38499473 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Professional burnout in physicians is perceived as an inevitable occupational hazard inhibiting patient-focused care, the preferred approach of care, which enhances satisfaction of physicians with their work and improves clinical outcomes. Burnout jeopardizes the physical, mental, and emotional health of physicians, inhibiting high-quality care. Most individual-driven interventions and job-level interventions to reduce burnout proved inefficient or reduced burnout for only a short term. The potential of organizational processes to reduce burnout was acknowledged but is yet to be empirically tested. Drawing on social exchange theory, this study investigates the role of an organizational phenomenon, organizational trust among physicians in top management, on burnout. METHODS Data were collected across specialties in 10 out of 20 Israeli public general hospitals. The sample comprised 798 senior expert physicians. Measures were all previously published. Structural equation modeling was performed. RESULTS Response rates ranged from 17% to 77% across the 10 hospitals. Mean burnout was 4.7 (SD = 0.68), mean patient-focused care was 3.9 (SD = 0.79), and mean organizational trust was 3.7 (SD = 0.84). Mean burnout for women was 5.6 and for physicians from internal medicine was 5.5. The structural equation modeling supported the proposed study model, which explained 45% of burnout. Organizational trust reduced burnout by 14%. DISCUSSION Efforts to reduce burnout should integrate effective individual-level and job-level interventions with building trust among physicians in top management through implementing the paramount professional value of patient-focused care. CONCLUSIONS Perceiving management, among physicians, as facilitating the value of patient-focused care led to organizational trust in top management, which was negatively associated with burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillie Gabay
- Achva Academic College, Multidisciplinary Studies, Shikmim, Israel
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Cardile D, Corallo F, Ielo A, Cappadona I, Pagano M, Bramanti P, D’Aleo G, Ciurleo R, De Cola MC. Coping and Quality of Life Differences between Emergency and Rehabilitation Healthcare Workers. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2235. [PMID: 37628433 PMCID: PMC10454017 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Audit and Feedback (A&F) is a systematic process involving the collection of data, which are subsequently compared with the established reference standards and then subsequently disseminated to healthcare providers through feedback meetings. This allows continuous improvement to be ensured in the quality of care processes. Often, the parameters taken into account concern only the patient and the treatment processes, neglecting other variables. Quality of life in the workplace and coping skills are determining variables for the clinical performance of all healthcare professionals. For this reason, in this study, these variables were investigated and differences were highlighted in two different role categories and context: cardiovascular emergency and neurological rehabilitation. A psychological screening was carried out by sending the computerized Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced-Nuova Versione Italiana (COPE-NVI) and Professional Quality of Life Scale-5 (ProQoL) questionnaires to all healthcare workers involved. Ninety-five healthcare providers (mean ± SD age: 47 ± 10.4 years; 37.9% male) answered the questionnaire and were assigned into two groups (G1 and G2) based on the ward in which they worked. These were further divided into two subgroups (R1 and R2) based on their role. The obtained results show that avoidance strategies are used more by health professionals working in rehabilitation (G2) wards than in intensive-care units (G1). Moreover, in G1 nurses, physical therapists and speech therapists (R2) obtained higher scores in terms of turning to religion (TR) and compassion satisfaction (CS), while physicians and psychologists (R1) obtained higher scores on the burnout scale (BO). The TR score for R2 was found to be higher, even in G2. The response trend of the two groups in the different departments was analyzed and commented on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cardile
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (A.I.); (I.C.); (M.P.); (P.B.); (G.D.); (R.C.); (M.C.D.C.)
| | - Francesco Corallo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (A.I.); (I.C.); (M.P.); (P.B.); (G.D.); (R.C.); (M.C.D.C.)
| | - Augusto Ielo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (A.I.); (I.C.); (M.P.); (P.B.); (G.D.); (R.C.); (M.C.D.C.)
| | - Irene Cappadona
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (A.I.); (I.C.); (M.P.); (P.B.); (G.D.); (R.C.); (M.C.D.C.)
| | - Maria Pagano
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (A.I.); (I.C.); (M.P.); (P.B.); (G.D.); (R.C.); (M.C.D.C.)
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (A.I.); (I.C.); (M.P.); (P.B.); (G.D.); (R.C.); (M.C.D.C.)
- Faculty of Psychology, Università degli Studi eCampus, Via Isimbardi 10, 22060 Novedrate, Italy
| | - Giangaetano D’Aleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (A.I.); (I.C.); (M.P.); (P.B.); (G.D.); (R.C.); (M.C.D.C.)
| | - Rosella Ciurleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (A.I.); (I.C.); (M.P.); (P.B.); (G.D.); (R.C.); (M.C.D.C.)
| | - Maria Cristina De Cola
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (A.I.); (I.C.); (M.P.); (P.B.); (G.D.); (R.C.); (M.C.D.C.)
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Chen Z, Foo ZST, Tang JY, Sim MWC, Lim BL, Fong KY, Tan KH. Sleep quality and burnout: A Singapore study. Sleep Med 2023; 102:205-212. [PMID: 36706670 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Improved sleep hygiene is postulated to be protective against burnout. Previous studies assessing a potential association between poor sleep quality and burnout showed incongruent results. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between sleep quality and burnout. DESIGN Setting and Participants: A survey was conducted in a large health care cluster in Singapore and included health care staff from different professions (N = 4777). The Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey was used to measure burnout across 3 sub-scales: Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization and Personal Accomplishment, while the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to gauge the participants' sleep quality. Multi-variable general linear model ANOVA was used for correlation analysis. RESULTS There is a strong correlation between sleep quality and all 3 burnout sub-scales. PSQI is associated with Emotional Exhaustion (F value = 90.65, P-value <.0001), Depersonalization (F value = 49.46, P-value <.0001) and Personal Accomplishment (F value = 12.29, P-value <.0001). PSQI shows a significant linear upward trend with Emotional Exhaustion (linear contrast = 957.06, P-value <.0001) and with Depersonalization (linear contrast = 521.92, P-value <.0001). With Personal Accomplishment, PSQI shows a significant linear downward trend (linear contrast = 123.61, P-value <.0001). CONCLUSION Poor sleep quality is progressively and linearly associated with burnout and its 3 sub-scales. Future studies that evaluate interventions which improve sleep quality among health care workers may be useful in reducing burnout and improving patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyong Chen
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute for Patient Safety & Quality, Singapore.
| | - Zann Sue Ting Foo
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute for Patient Safety & Quality, Singapore
| | - Joo Ying Tang
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute for Patient Safety & Quality, Singapore
| | - Mabel Wan Chi Sim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute for Patient Safety & Quality, Singapore
| | - Boon Leng Lim
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kok Yong Fong
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute for Patient Safety & Quality, Singapore
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Nutor JJ, Aborigo RA, Okiring J, Kuwolamo I, Dorzie JBK, Getahun M, Mendes WB, Afulani PA. Individual and situational predictors of psychological and physiological stress and burnout among maternity providers in Northern Ghana. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278457. [PMID: 36520845 PMCID: PMC9754239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternity providers, including nurses, midwives, physicians, are at significant risk for stress and burnout due to the nature of care provision in maternal and child health settings. Yet, the empirical evidence on stress and burnout among maternity providers in sub-Saharan Africa is scarce. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to (1) assess levels of stress and burnout among maternity providers and support staff in Ghana, and (2) identify individual and situational factors associated with maternity provider stress, burnout, and physiology. METHOD Using a purposive sampling technique, we recruited 150 maternity providers from 19 high delivery health facilities within the 15 districts of the Upper East region (UER) of Ghana into a cross-sectional study. Participants completed Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale, the Shirom-Melamed Burnout scale, and sociodemographic, health-, and work-related items. Participants' heart rate variability (HRV) and hair cortisol levels were assessed for stress-related physiologic responses. We computed bivariate and multivariate linear regression models to examine factors associated with stress and burnout. RESULT Most participants were experiencing moderate to high stress (58.0%) and burnout (65.8%). Each unit increase in overcommitment to work was associated with 0.62 higher perceived stress scores (β = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.22, 1.02) and 0.15 higher burnout scores. On average, those who had experienced disrespect from colleagues in the last year had higher perceived stress scores compared to those who had not experienced disrespect (β = 1.77, 95% CI: 0.50, 3.04); and those who had experienced disrespect from patients in the last year had higher cortisol levels than those who had not (β = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.93). Those who work for more than 5 days also had higher cortisol levels, on average, compared to those who worked fewer days a week. CONCLUSION We found high levels of stress and burnout among maternity providers in Northern Ghana, underscoring the need for interventions to manage the effects of stress and burnout on maternity providers' wellbeing, quality of care, and patient outcomes. Healthcare management teams should assist providers in reducing their overcommitment by hiring more staff, given its strong link to stress and burnout. Additionally, facilitating a respectful workplace culture could also help reduce stress and burnout among maternity providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry John Nutor
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | - Jaffer Okiring
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Monica Getahun
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Wendy Berry Mendes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Patience A. Afulani
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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Bongelli R, Fermani A, Canestrari C, Riccioni I, Muzi M, Bertolazzi A, Burro R. Italian validation of the situational Brief Cope Scale (I-Brief Cope). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278486. [PMID: 36454789 PMCID: PMC9714734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Brief COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) inventory is 14 faced scales used to assess coping strategies. It has been administered on different population samples and translated into several languages. Nonetheless, the Italian validation of its situational format is missing, and the present study aimed to fill this gap. To this end, the original English version of the scale was translated into Italian and administered to a sample of 682 Italian healthcare workers (HCWs), during the first wave of COVID-19. The Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (EFA and CFA) were performed and led to the validation of the Italian Brief COPE (I-Brief COPE) scale, consisting of 21 items, loading properly on 6 factors, which range from activation (F1) to deactivation (F2), via social support (F3), humorous reframing (F4), religious/spiritual reliance (F5), substances use (F6). The six factors identified represent, according to our analyses, the relevant dimensions of coping in a stressful situation such as COVID-19. The results of this study reveal that the I-Brief Cope can be considered as a valid tool for measuring coping strategies in facing stressful, unpredictable, and damaging events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Bongelli
- Department of Political Science, Communication and International Relations, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Alessandra Fermani
- Department of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - Carla Canestrari
- Department of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - Ilaria Riccioni
- Department of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - Morena Muzi
- Department of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - Alessia Bertolazzi
- Department of Political Science, Communication and International Relations, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - Roberto Burro
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Ciuffini R, Marrelli A, Leuter C, Stratta P, Paladini A, Ciccozzi A, Marsili I, Marinangeli F, Piroli A. The stress response of intensive care unit medical doctors facing repeated severe emergencies. Front Psychol 2022; 13:895954. [PMID: 36506986 PMCID: PMC9730870 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.895954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study assesses the psychopathological distress experienced by doctors working in an Intensive care unit (ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic. These doctors were the same who faced the consequences of a previous natural disaster, a severe 6.3 magnitude earthquake. A second objective is to evaluate their current mental attitude, professional performances and coping strategies adopted in the pandemic in relation to the conditioning effect of that first emergency, the earthquake. Methods Thirty-seven ICU medical doctors were recruited and assessed using Rapid Stress Assessment (RSA) rating scale, Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III. Comparison between exposure to the earthquake and COVID pandemic has been made in terms of professional role and psychological burden. Results Comparison between 2009 earthquake catastrophe and COVID pandemic conditions evidenced relevant changes in professional role, team, environment, shifts, and work organization. Conclusion The doctors, who already experienced the 2009 earthquake reported a feeling of greater insecurity facing this latter catastrophe, the COVID pandemic, as well as perception of greater concern for their family and the global situation. However, having participated in the medical management of another emergency (the 2009 earthquake) appears to have contributed to limiting demoralization and psychological distress. The feeling of having greater decision-making possibilities and participation in the organization of work, strengthen coping skills in the face of the emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ciuffini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Antonella Paladini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ciccozzi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Ida Marsili
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Franco Marinangeli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alba Piroli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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Powell T, Scott J, Yuma P, Hsiao Y. Surviving the storm: A pragmatic non-randomised examination of a brief intervention for disaster-affected health and social care providers. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e6217-e6227. [PMID: 36196872 PMCID: PMC10092715 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.14059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Disasters affect the well-being of individuals, families and communities. Health and social care providers are essential in response and recovery efforts and are among the most vulnerable to negative physical and mental health impacts of a disaster. Few evidence-based interventions are available to address the psychological needs of providers. The aim of this study was to examine the psychological distress of health and social care providers before and after participating in the brief group intervention, Resilience and Coping for the Healthcare Community (RCHC) and its expanded version, RCHC+. We conducted a pragmatic non-randomised cluster trial with 762 health and social care providers in south Texas and Puerto Rico post-Hurricanes Harvey and Maria. Participants completed surveys assessing post-traumatic stress (PTSD), anxiety, burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) prior to intervention delivery and at two time points post-intervention. We calculated the frequency of symptom cut-off scores at baseline, then estimated multilevel ordinal models to examine changes in symptoms across time. Prior to participation in the RCHC (approximately 12 months after the hurricanes), providers reported high levels of PTSD, anxiety and STS symptoms. After participation, providers in both intervention conditions reported a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms from baseline that was sustained over both time points. The likelihood of a reduction in symptoms of anxiety and STS from baseline was sustained at both time points for participants in the RCHC+ condition. These findings indicate that both the RCHC and RCHC+ interventions may reduce psychological distress for health and social care providers and could be an important part of advance planning to support provider's mental health during and after a disaster. Further examination of the RCHC in other disaster contexts could provide additional insight into the responsiveness of the intervention to reducing psychological distress symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Powell
- University of Illinois School of Social WorkUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Jennifer Scott
- Louisiana State University, School of Social WorkBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Paula Yuma
- Colorado State University, School of Social WorkFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Yuan Hsiao
- Department of CommunicationUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
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Zakaria N, Zakaria NH, Bin Abdul Rassip MNA, Lee KY. Burnout and coping strategies among nurses in Malaysia: a national-level cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064687. [PMID: 36216421 PMCID: PMC9557773 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This national-level study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of burnout, as well as the coping strategies among nurses in the Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia. DESIGN Using a complex sampling design, a two-stage stratified cluster sampling was performed to recruit MOH nurses between August and November 2019. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 2428 nurses from 32 hospitals and 28 district health offices answered the questionnaires based on Maslach Burnout Inventory for Human Services and Brief COPE. Complex sampling analysis was applied. OUTCOME MEASURES The outcome of interest was the prevalence of burnout and its three domains of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and low personal accomplishment. ORs using 95% CIs were calculated. Significant factors at the univariate level were entered into the multivariate logistic regression to identify independent predictors of burnout. RESULTS One in four (24.4%) nurses experienced burnout. Younger, single, and childless nurses had a higher prevalence of burnout. Shift working nurses were 1.6 times more likely to develop burnout. Those who performed >6 night shifts per month were 1.5 times more predisposed to burnout (95% CI 1.01 to 2.36; p<0.05). While encountering traumatic events at work led to 4.2 times (95% CI 2.31, 7.63; p<0.05) higher risk of burnout, those who received post-traumatic psychological support were better protected. The use of dysfunctional coping strategies was detrimental as it was positively correlated with EE and DP. CONCLUSION Addressing modifiable stressors of burnout at individual and institutional levels identified in this study can be potentially beneficial in reducing burnout and its undesirable effects among nurses. Interventions that promote positive coping strategies should be implemented. Organisational-driven efforts must target the improvement of work schedules for nurses and the establishment of a structured debriefing service for post-trauma counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursyahda Zakaria
- Institute for Health Management, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Haniza Zakaria
- Institute for Health Management, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Kun Yun Lee
- Institute for Health Management, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Di Mizio G, Bolcato M, Rivellini G, Di Nunzio M, Falvo V, Nuti M, Enrichens F, Lucania L, Di Nunno N, Clerici M. Protection of Prisoners with Mental Health Disorders in Italy: Lights and Shadows after the Abolition of Judicial Psychiatric Hospitals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9984. [PMID: 36011618 PMCID: PMC9408278 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In Italy, a person suffering from a mental disorder who commits a crime will be given a custodial security order and serve the period of admission at a Residenza per la esecuzione delle misure di sicurezza (REMS) (Residence for the Execution of Security Measures, hereinafter "REMS"). These institutions have been established recently and though equipped with the necessary safety measures, the focus is on psychiatric therapy. Despite being present on a national scale, access is very limited in terms of capacity. Immediate remedial measures are needed, so much so that the European Court of Human Rights recently condemned Italy for this very reason. This article, through a review of the constitutive principles of these institutions, shows how they have very positive aspects such as the attention to necessary psychotherapy in order to protect the right to health and the real taking charge of the fragility of the subjects; however, it is seen how there are many negative aspects linked above all to the scarce availability of places in these structures. The article provides suggestions on a more comprehensive strategy for facilities for detainees with mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Di Mizio
- Forensic Medicine and Criminology, Department of Law, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Matteo Bolcato
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | | | - Michele Di Nunzio
- Center of Mental Health (CSM) “Boccea”, Via di Boccea 271, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Nuti
- National Agency of Regional Service AGENAS, 30165 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luciano Lucania
- Italian Society of Penitentiary Medicine (SIMSPE), 30165 Rome, Italy
| | - Nunzio Di Nunno
- Department of History, Society and Studies on Humanity, University of Salento, 83100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Massimo Clerici
- Psychiatry Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
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11
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Tsogbadrakh B, Yanjmaa E, Badamdorj O, Choijiljav D, Gendenjamts E, Ayush OE, Pojin O, Davaakhuu B, Sukhbat T, Dovdon B, Davaasuren O, Stark A. Frontline Mongolian Healthcare Professionals and Adverse Mental Health Conditions During the Peak of COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:800809. [PMID: 35360563 PMCID: PMC8963333 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.800809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relatively young and inexperienced healthcare professionals in Mongolia faced with an unprecedent service demand in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the small size of the healthcare workforce the Mongolian Health Ministry had no choice but to mandate continuous and long workhours from the healthcare workforce. Many of the healthcare professionals exhibited signs and symptoms of mental health disorders. This study aimed to discern the prevalence various mental health concerns, i.e., depression, anxiety and stress, insomnia, and to discern the factors that increased susceptibility to mental health disorders among frontline healthcare professionals providing healthcare services for COVID-19 patients in Mongolia. Methods A Cross-sectional research design was implemented. We collected data from 965 healthcare professional, randomly selected from 18 government hospitals, in four regions of Mongolia. Data were collected using the Depression Anxiety Stress-21, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Insomnia Severity Index instruments. We constructed the scale of Pandemic Response Symptoms (PaReSy) which captured stress, depression, and anxiety. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis statistical test and multinominal logistic regression analysis. Results Prevalence of depression (52.3%, CI 95%: 49.1-55.5%), anxiety (70.2%, CI 95%: 67.2-73.0%), and stress (35.8%, CI 95%: 32.7-38.9%) was documented among Mongolian healthcare professionals. Perception of self-efficacy reduced susceptibility to PaReSy either at mild/moderate (OR = 0.948, 95% CI = 0.911-0.988, P = 0.011) or severe/extremely severe level (OR = 0.911, 95% CI = 0.861-0.963, P = 0.001). Within each stratum of insomnia, the risk of experiencing PaReSy increased almost linearly both in the category of mild/moderate PaReSy and in the category of severe/extremely severe PaReSy. Conclusion Improving self-efficacy and sleeping quality can assist healthcare workers to manage depression, anxiety, and stress. Findings provide important evidence to implement measures and strategies to assist healthcare professionals in low- and middle-income countries to constructively address their mental health concerns and needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basbish Tsogbadrakh
- School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Enkhjargal Yanjmaa
- School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Oyungoo Badamdorj
- School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Dorjderem Choijiljav
- School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | | | - Odonjil Pojin
- School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Battogtokh Davaakhuu
- School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Tuya Sukhbat
- School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Baigalmaa Dovdon
- School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Oyunsuren Davaasuren
- School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Azadeh Stark
- Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
- School of Interdisciplinary Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
- Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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12
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Uong AM, Cabana MD, Serwint JR, Bernstein CA, Schulte EE. Changes in Pediatric Faculty Burnout During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Hosp Pediatr 2021; 11:hpeds.2021-006045. [PMID: 34808669 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2021-006045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated workflow changes, such as deployment on pediatric faculty burnout in an early epicenter of the pandemic. We hypothesized burnout would increase during the COVID-19 surge. METHODS We conducted serial cross-sectional surveys of pediatric faculty at an academic, tertiary-care children's hospital that experienced a COVID-19 surge in the Northeastern United States. Surveys were administered pre-surge (February 2020), during the surge (April 2020), and postsurge (September 2020). The primary outcome was burnout prevalence. We also measured areas of worklife scores. We compared responses between all 3 survey periods. Continuous variables were analyzed by using Student's t or Mann-Whitney tests, and categorical variables were analyzed by using χ2 or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate. RESULTS Our response rate was 89 of 223 (40%) presurge, 100 of 267 (37%) during the surge, and 113 of 275 (41%) postsurge. There were no differences in demographics, including sex, race, and academic rank between survey periods. Frequency of burnout was similar in all 3 periods (20% to 26%). The mean scores of emotional exhaustion improved during the surge (2.25 to 1.9; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Contrary to our hypothesis, we found no changes in pediatric faculty burnout after a COVID-19 surge. Emotional exhaustion improved during the COVID-19 surge. However, these findings represent short-term responses to the COVID-19 surge. Longer-term monitoring of the impact of the COVID-19 surge on pediatric faculty burnout may be necessary for health care organizations to mitigate burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Uong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Michael D Cabana
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Janet R Serwint
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Carol A Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Elaine E Schulte
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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13
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Listopad IW, Michaelsen MM, Werdecker L, Esch T. Bio-Psycho-Socio-Spirito-Cultural Factors of Burnout: A Systematic Narrative Review of the Literature. Front Psychol 2021; 12:722862. [PMID: 34925130 PMCID: PMC8672245 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Burnout is a widespread, multifactorial, and mainly psychological phenomenon. The pathogenesis of burnout is commonly described within the bio-psycho-social model of health and disease. Recent literature suggests that the phenomenon of burnout may be broader so that the three dimensions might not reflect the multifaceted and complex nature of the syndrome. Consequently, this review aims to identify the diversity of factors related to burnout, to define overarching categories based on these, and to clarify whether the bio-psycho-social model adequately describes the pathogenesis of burnout-holistically and sufficiently. Method: Five online databases (PubMed, PubPsych, PsychARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Google Scholar) were systematically searched using defined search terms to identify relevant studies. The publication date was set between January 1981 and November 2020. Based on the selected literature, we identified factors related to burnout. We aggregated these factors into a comprehensible list and assigned them to overarching categories. Then, we assigned the factors to the dimensions of an extended model of health and disease. Results: We identified a total of 40 burnout-related factors and 10 overarching categories. Our results show that in addition to biological, psychological, and socio-environmental factors, various factors that can be assigned to a spiritual and work cultural dimension also play an important role in the onset of burnout. Conclusion: An extended bio-psycho-socio-spirito-cultural model is necessary to describe the pathogenesis of burnout. Therefore, future studies should also focus on spiritual and work cultural factors when investigating burnout. Furthermore, these factors should not be neglected in future developments of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian W. Listopad
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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14
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Listopad IW, Esch T, Michaelsen MM. An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between Spirituality, Work Culture, and Burnout: The Need for an Extended Health and Disease Model. Front Psychol 2021; 12:723884. [PMID: 34589028 PMCID: PMC8473891 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.723884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from biological, psychological, and social factors, recent studies indicate that spirituality and work culture also play an important role in the onset of burnout. Hence, the commonly applied bio-psycho-social model of health and disease might not be sufficient to comprehensively explain and describe burnout. This study empirically investigates the relationship between spirituality (operationalized by perceived meaningfulness of work) and work culture (operationalized by sense of homeliness of the working environment) with burnout risk and work engagement. For this purpose, an anonymous cross-sectional data collection with fully standardized questionnaires and selected socio-demographic and work-related items was conducted among working adults (n = 439) from different industries via social media and local health service centers. For all scales and subscales, we found significant moderate to strong correlations. Furthermore, positive meaning within the perceived meaningfulness of work scale was the largest beta coefficient for burnout (β = -0.65) and work engagement (β = 0.62). Within sense of homeliness, the largest beta coefficient for burnout was needs fulfillment (β = -0.34) and work engagement emotional connection (β = 0.36). The strong associations suggest that the current health and disease model needs to be expanded to a bio-psycho-socio-spirito-cultural model to be able to sufficiently describe burnout. The perceived meaningfulness of work and a sense of homeliness should be adequately considered when examining the onset of burnout, describing burnout as a concept, and explaining work engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian W Listopad
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Tobias Esch
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Maren M Michaelsen
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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15
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Roncone R, Giusti L, Mammarella S, Salza A, Bianchini V, Lombardi A, Prosperocco M, Ursini E, Scaletta V, Casacchia M. "Hang in There!": Mental Health in a Sample of the Italian Civil Protection Volunteers during the COVID-19 Health Emergency. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8587. [PMID: 34444336 PMCID: PMC8394470 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have been conducted on civil volunteers and their emotional conditions concerning the current COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 emergency on the mental health (general well-being, depression level, and post-traumatic distress), coping strategies, and training needs in an Italian sample of 331 Civil Protection volunteers of the L'Aquila province, during the first nationwide "lockdown" (8 March-3 June 2020). The rate of respondents to the online survey was limited (11.5%), presumably because displaying distress would be considered a sign of "weakness", making volunteers unable to do their jobs. More than 90% of the volunteers showed good mental health conditions and a wide utilization of positive coping strategies, with the less experienced displaying better emotional conditions compared to colleagues with 10 or more years of experience. The type of emergency, the relatively few cases of contagion and mortality in the territory compared to the rest of Italy, and the sense of helping the community, together with the awareness of their group identity, could have contributed to the reported well-being. These results may help to identify the needs of volunteers related to this new "urban" emergency to improve both their technical and emotional skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Roncone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Spennati 1, Edificio Delta 6, Studio 110-Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (M.C.)
- University Unit Rehabilitation Treatment, Early Interventions in Mental Health, Hospital S. Salvatore, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Spennati 1, Edificio Delta 6, Studio 110-Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Silvia Mammarella
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Spennati 1, Edificio Delta 6, Studio 110-Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Anna Salza
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Spennati 1, Edificio Delta 6, Studio 110-Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Valeria Bianchini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Spennati 1, Edificio Delta 6, Studio 110-Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Annalina Lombardi
- LARES Italia—Unione Nazionale Laureati Esperti in Protezione Civile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.L.); (M.P.); (E.U.); (V.S.)
| | - Massimo Prosperocco
- LARES Italia—Unione Nazionale Laureati Esperti in Protezione Civile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.L.); (M.P.); (E.U.); (V.S.)
| | - Elio Ursini
- LARES Italia—Unione Nazionale Laureati Esperti in Protezione Civile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.L.); (M.P.); (E.U.); (V.S.)
| | - Valentina Scaletta
- LARES Italia—Unione Nazionale Laureati Esperti in Protezione Civile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.L.); (M.P.); (E.U.); (V.S.)
| | - Massimo Casacchia
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Spennati 1, Edificio Delta 6, Studio 110-Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (M.C.)
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16
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Denning M, Goh ET, Tan B, Kanneganti A, Almonte M, Scott A, Martin G, Clarke J, Sounderajah V, Markar S, Przybylowicz J, Chan YH, Sia CH, Chua YX, Sim K, Lim L, Tan L, Tan M, Sharma V, Ooi S, Winter Beatty J, Flott K, Mason S, Chidambaram S, Yalamanchili S, Zbikowska G, Fedorowski J, Dykowska G, Wells M, Purkayastha S, Kinross J. Determinants of burnout and other aspects of psychological well-being in healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic: A multinational cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0238666. [PMID: 33861739 PMCID: PMC8051812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented pressure on healthcare systems and workers around the world. Such pressures may impact on working conditions, psychological wellbeing and perception of safety. In spite of this, no study has assessed the relationship between safety attitudes and psychological outcomes. Moreover, only limited studies have examined the relationship between personal characteristics and psychological outcomes during Covid-19. From 22nd March 2020 to 18th June 2020, healthcare workers from the United Kingdom, Poland, and Singapore were invited to participate using a self-administered questionnaire comprising the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ), Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to evaluate safety culture, burnout and anxiety/depression. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of burnout, anxiety and depression. Of 3,537 healthcare workers who participated in the study, 2,364 (67%) screened positive for burnout, 701 (20%) for anxiety, and 389 (11%) for depression. Significant predictors of burnout included patient-facing roles: doctor (OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.49-2.95), nurse (OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.04-1.84), and 'other clinical' (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.45-2.82); being redeployed (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.02-1.58), bottom quartile SAQ score (OR 2.43; 95% CI 1.98-2.99), anxiety (OR 4.87; 95% CI 3.92-6.06) and depression (OR 4.06; 95% CI 3.04-5.42). Significant factors inversely correlated with burnout included being tested for SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.51-0.82) and top quartile SAQ score (OR 0.30; 95% CI 0.22-0.40). Significant factors associated with anxiety and depression, included burnout, gender, safety attitudes and job role. Our findings demonstrate a significant burden of burnout, anxiety, and depression amongst healthcare workers. A strong association was seen between SARS-CoV-2 testing, safety attitudes, gender, job role, redeployment and psychological state. These findings highlight the importance of targeted support services for at risk groups and proactive SARS-CoV-2 testing of healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Denning
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ee Teng Goh
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Tan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Abhiram Kanneganti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melanie Almonte
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair Scott
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guy Martin
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Clarke
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Viknesh Sounderajah
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sheraz Markar
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Przybylowicz
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Hui Sia
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Xian Chua
- Pioneer Polyclinic, National University Polyclinic, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kang Sim
- Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lucas Lim
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lifeng Tan
- Division of Healthy Ageing, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melanie Tan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vijay Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shirley Ooi
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kelsey Flott
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Mason
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Seema Yalamanchili
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriela Zbikowska
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Grazyna Dykowska
- Department of Economics of Health and Medical Law, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mary Wells
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Purkayastha
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Kinross
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Fan Y, Guan L, Xiang H, Yang X, Huang G, Cheng W, Xie Y, Wang X, Liang G, He M, Wang R, Hu J, Liu M, Mou X, Wu B, Ma H, Yu X. A longitudinal study on emotional distress among local government staff seven years after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:702. [PMID: 33836705 PMCID: PMC8033268 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study examined the change in local government staff's emotional distress over 7 years after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, and the influence of earthquake exposure and professional quality of life (ProQOL) on emotional distress. METHODS This longitudinal study assessed 250 participants at 1 year after the earthquake; 162 (64.8%) were followed up at 7 years. Emotional distress was assessed with the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) at both time points. We assessed ProQOL, including compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress, and earthquake exposure at 1 year. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were performed to test longitudinal changes in emotional distress. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted to examine the effect of earthquake exposure and ProQOL. RESULTS The positive screening rate of emotional distress (SRQ ≥ 8) was 37.6 and 15.4% at one and 7 years, respectively. Emotional distress scores declined over time (p < 0.001). Earthquake exposure and ProQOL predicted one-year (ps < 0.05) but not seven-year emotional distress, whereas burnout predicted both one-year (p = 0.018) and seven-year (p = 0.047) emotional distress. CONCLUSIONS Although emotional distress can recover over time, it persists even 7 years later. Actions to reduce burnout during the early stage of post-disaster rescue have long-term benefits to staff's psychological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunge Fan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian District Huayuan North Road No. 51, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lili Guan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian District Huayuan North Road No. 51, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Hu Xiang
- The Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianmei Yang
- The Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Guoping Huang
- The Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Yongbiao Xie
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuzhen Wang
- Shenyang Mental Health Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Ming He
- Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiru Wang
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Shanghai Yangpu Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Menglin Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian District Huayuan North Road No. 51, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaojie Mou
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Baoming Wu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian District Huayuan North Road No. 51, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian District Huayuan North Road No. 51, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian District Huayuan North Road No. 51, Beijing, 100191, China
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Roslan NS, Yusoff MSB, Asrenee AR, Morgan K. Burnout Prevalence and Its Associated Factors among Malaysian Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Embedded Mixed-Method Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:90. [PMID: 33477380 PMCID: PMC7829836 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global health threat and has placed an extraordinary demand on healthcare workers around the world. In this study, we aim to examine the prevalence of burnout and its associated factors and experience among Malaysian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic through an embedded mixed-method study design. We found that more than half of Malaysian healthcare workers in this sample experienced burnout. Direct involvement in COVID-19 screening or treatment, having a medical condition, and less psychological support in the workplace emerged to be the significant factors in personal-, work-, and patient-related burnout. Participants described their workloads, uncertainties caused by the pandemic, challenging work-family balance, and stretched workplace relationships as the sources of burnout. Exhaustion appeared to be the major symptom, and many participants utilized problem-focused coping to deal with the adversities experienced during the pandemic. Participants reported physical-, occupational-, psychological-, and social-related negative impacts resulting from burnout. As the pandemic trajectory is yet unknown, these findings provide early insight and guidance for possible interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhanis Syazni Roslan
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Ab Razak Asrenee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital USM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Karen Morgan
- Perdana University-Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland School of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia;
- Department of Health Psychology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
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Canan F, North CS. Dissociation and disasters: A systematic review. World J Psychiatry 2019; 9:83-98. [PMID: 31649861 PMCID: PMC6811731 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v9.i6.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dissociation, which is defined as the failure to associate consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior into an integrated whole, has long been assumed to be generated by trauma. If dissociation is a product of trauma exposure, then dissociation would be a major mental health outcome observed in studies of disaster survivors. Although some studies have examined dissociation in disasters, no systematic literature reviews have been conducted to date on the topic.
AIM To systematically evaluate the literature on the association between disaster and dissociation to determine the prevalence and incidence of dissociation after exposure to disaster and further examine their relationship.
METHODS EMBASE, Medline, and PsychINFO were searched from inception to January 1, 2019 to identify studies examining dissociative disorders or symptoms related to a disaster in adult or child disaster survivors and disaster responders. Studies of military conflicts and war, articles not in English, and those with samples of 30 or more participants were excluded. Search terms used were “disaster*” and dissociation (“dissociat*,” “multiple personality,” “fugue,” “psychogenic amnesia,” “derealization,” and “depersonalization”). Reference lists of identified articles were scrutinized to identify studies for additional articles.
RESULTS The final number of articles in the review was 53, including 36 articles with samples of adults aged 18 and above, 5 of children/adolescents under age 18, and 12 of disaster workers. Included articles studied several types of disasters that occurred between 1989 and 2017, more than one-third (38%) from the United States. Only two studies had a primary aim to investigate dissociation in relation to disaster and none reported data on dissociative disorders. All of the studies used self-report symptom scales; none used structured interviews providing full diagnostic assessment of dissociative disorders or other psychopathology. Several studies mixed exposed and unexposed samples or did not differentiate outcomes between exposure groups. Studies examining associations between dissociation and disaster exposure have been inconclusive. The majority (75%) of the studies compared dissociation with posttraumatic stress, with inconsistent findings. Dissociation was found to be associated with a wide range of other psychiatric disorders, symptoms, and negative emotional, cognitive, and functional states.
CONCLUSION The studies reviewed had serious methodological limitations including problems with measurement of psychopathology, sampling, and generation of unwarranted conclusions, precluding conclusions that dissociation is an established outcome of disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Canan
- The Altshuler Center for Education & Research at Metrocare Services, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Carol S North
- The Altshuler Center for Education & Research at Metrocare Services, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
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Di Giacomo D, Ranieri J, Donatucci E, Perilli E, Cannita K, Passafiume D, Ficorella C. Emotional "Patient-Oriented" Support in Young Patients With I-II Stage Breast Cancer: Pilot Study. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2487. [PMID: 30568627 PMCID: PMC6290028 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The recent increased survival rate after breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and treatment is mostly related to early screening in younger age. Evidence gained from newly detected assessed psychological needs as well as certain emotional regulatory patterns in younger survivors has been related in the literature to an extremely low rate of adherence to the psychological therapies offered. Tailored psychological support is necessary. The aim of the present study was to verify the preliminary efficacy of supportive psychological intervention with an innovative orientation: the Early BC Psychological Intervention (EBC-Psy). Methods: A controlled study design was used to investigate the efficacy of EBC-Psy intervention. Preliminary data involved twenty-four patients in the age range of 35–50 years, diagnosed with cancer at the early stage (I–II), who were exposed to the EBC-Psy intervention. To address the effect of intervention, emotional variables were tested before the treatment (Time 1) and then again after 6 months of the treatment (Time 2); evaluated emotional dimensions were anxiety, anger, depression, and psychological distress. Results: EBC-Psy intervention appears to be effective on both depression (p = 0.02) and psychological distress (p = 0.01), even in a short time, highlighting the strength of a reinforced positive psychological conceptual approach to deal with the “disease condition” in younger patients; on the contrary, the control group evidenced an increase in the same emotional variables in timing. Conclusion: Our findings, even if limited by this small-scale protocol, seemed to confirm the role of positive psychotherapy after BC diagnosis and treatment through the impact of cognitive processes, coping strategies, and psychological resilience. Future theoretical framework could boost the intervention to design an innovative survivorship model.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Di Giacomo
- Department of MeSVA, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - J Ranieri
- Department of MeSVA, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - E Donatucci
- Department of MeSVA, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - E Perilli
- Department of MeSVA, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - K Cannita
- San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - D Passafiume
- Department of MeSVA, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - C Ficorella
- San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy.,Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Mefoh PC, Ude EN, Chukwuorji JC. Age and burnout syndrome in nursing professionals: moderating role of emotion-focused coping. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2018; 24:101-107. [DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2018.1502457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eze Nsi Ude
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi state, Nigeria
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