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Nouraeinejad A. Visuospatial processing can be disrupted in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Neurosci 2025; 135:570-572. [PMID: 38289179 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2024.2312995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nouraeinejad
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
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Li J, Ma X, Pan W, Ke H, Xiao Z. The relationship between work requirements and mental distress in hospital staff: the chain mediating effects of rumination and work recovery classes. BMC Psychol 2025; 13:256. [PMID: 40091057 PMCID: PMC11912755 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-025-02588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy work requirements can lead to significant increases in depression anxiety and stress among hospital staff. However, there is limited research considering the role of work recovery (WR) and rumination in this relationship, particularly how poor WR can create a vicious cycle of negative psychological outcomes for medical staff. OBJECTIVE In this cross-sectional observational study, the aim is to explore high-risk WR classes among hospital staff. By constructing chain mediation models according to the WR classes, the study seeks to identify which class of medical staff is most affected by work requirements in terms of mental distress, and to examine the chain mediation effects of rumination and WR classes. METHODS The cross-sectional observational study utilized Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to investigate the relationships among various constructs. It employed the Work Requirements Scale (WRS), the Recovery - Stress Questionnaire (RESTQ), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS), and the Revised Emotion Control Questionnaire (RECQ) to survey a sample of 889 hospital staff at a tertiary hospital. RESULTS The findings revealed three distinct WR classes among hospital staff. Significant associations were found between work requirements and mental distress among medical staff in the low and moderate WR classes. Additionally, in these two classes, there were significant relationships in which rumination and WR classes had a chain-mediated nature about work requirements and mental distress. This suggests that future intervention studies should focus on these two classes and develop psychological health interventions for hospital staff according to different WR classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Li
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xinxin Ma
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Wenhao Pan
- School of Public Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Huihui Ke
- Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhenghua Xiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, China.
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3
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Humer E, Winter S, Probst T, Pieh C, Dale R, Brühl D, Neubauer V. Veterinary medicine under COVID-19: a mixed-methods analysis of student and practitioner experiences in Austria. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1460269. [PMID: 39568480 PMCID: PMC11576337 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1460269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to provide a detailed analysis of the pandemic's impact on the veterinary profession and education in Austria. Methods Two online surveys were conducted from November 2022 to January 2023, inviting all veterinarians and veterinary students in Austria to share their experiences on the impact of the pandemic on their veterinarian work and education in a free text question. Results A total of n = 289 veterinarians and n = 272 veterinary students provided an answer. In summary, 39.8% of veterinarians reported no impact by the pandemic, while others experienced changes in workload (19.7%), changes in client behavior (14.9%), implementation of safety measures (13.1%), and organizational changes (13.1%). Additional impacts included effects on mental health, private life, finances, as well as physical health. Changes were more frequently mentioned in veterinarians working with pets compared to those working with livestock. In the student panel, only a minority reported no significant impact (8.1%) but 44.9% reporting changes due to online and hybrid learning. Key issues included impaired learning conditions (34.9%), and social distancing (34.6%) leading to social isolation. Some students appreciated increased flexibility and reduced commuting (10.7%), while others experienced mental health challenges (10.7%). Further impacts were related to the implementation of safety measures (5.5%), organizational changes (4.8%) and impaired physical health due to infection (1.1%). Negative changes related to distance learning were mainly reported by students in the final study phase, whereas those in the first study phase reported more positive aspects related to online/hybrid learning. Conclusion Overall, this study highlights the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on veterinary education and professional practice in Austria, revealing diverse challenges for students and relatively lower but still notable effects on practicing veterinarians. Future research should monitor these impacts longitudinally and explore the integration of beneficial practices into standard veterinary education and care, such as effective digital learning platforms and appointment-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Humer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefanie Winter
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Thomas Probst
- Division of Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christoph Pieh
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Rachel Dale
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Deianira Brühl
- Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Neubauer
- Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Tulln, Austria
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Amini-Rarani M, Azami-Aghdash S, Mousavi Isfahani H, Mohseni M. Estimation of the prevalence of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2831. [PMID: 39407138 PMCID: PMC11476206 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pandemics such as COVID-19, can lead to psychiatric symptoms like anxiety. It seems that meta-analysis of meta-analysis studies can provide more comprehensive information regarding the needs for post-COVID-19 services. Therefore, this umbrella review and meta-analysis of meta-analyses aimed to estimate the precise prevalence of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for published meta-analyses using relevant keywords, such as Anxiety, Prevalence, COVID-19, and Meta-analysis up to November 1, 2023. Google Scholar, reference check, citation check, and grey literature were manually searched. A random-effect model was used for the analysis. All analyses were conducted using STATA: 17. RESULTS Out of the 4263 records, Finally, 75 meta-analyses were included. The overall prevalence of anxiety was 30.4% [95% CI: 29-31.8] with a high heterogeneity (I2: 86.76%). The highest prevalence of anxiety according to population type was 41.3% in patients and then in students (30.8), pregnant women (30.6%), and health care workers (30.5%). The Result of meta-regression showed that "Time" (based on the time between the start of COVID-19 and the last search date in articles) was not a significant predictor of the prevalence of anxiety (R Coefficient = 0.000149, P = 0.61). CONCLUSIONS Considering the prevalence of anxiety among patients, students, pregnant women, and healthcare workers, special attention should be paid to these groups in case of the re-occurrence of COVID-19 or occurrence of other pandemics. As quarantine due to pandemics causes reduced social interactions, reduced income, and increased worry about severe illness and death, there is a need for large-scale mobilization of political measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Amini-Rarani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saber Azami-Aghdash
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Haleh Mousavi Isfahani
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohseni
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Shaqiqi W, Abou El-Soud FA. The mediating role of social support on the relationship between secondary traumatic stress and burnout of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients: A cross-sectional study. Appl Nurs Res 2024; 79:151844. [PMID: 39256020 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2024.151844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support can help nurses cope with occupational stress and trauma, and maintain overall well-being, particularly in stressful situations such as outbreaks. AIM To determine the mediating role of social support on the relationship between secondary traumatic stress (STS) and burnout among nurses who cared for COVID-19 patients. DESIGN A cross-sectional, correlational, descriptive design. METHODS Two hundred nurses who had provided direct care to COVID-19 patients were recruited from wards in two hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and the Professional Quality of Life Scale tools. RESULTS STS had a significant and positive correlation with burnout (r = 0.610, p = 0.000); social support from family, friends, and significant others were each significantly and negatively associated with STS (r = -0.147, p = 0.038; r = -0.547, p < 0.0001; r = -0.225, p = 0.001, respectively) and burnout (r = 0-0.282, p < 0.0001; r = -0.716, p = 0.026; r = -0.377, p < 0.0001, respectively). STS had a significant effect on social support (β = -0.21, p = 0.042) and burnout (β = 0.61, p < 0.0001). Social support had a significant and partial effect on the relationship between STS and burnout (Z = 2.99, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Social support can reduce and mitigate the negative effects of STS and burnout. This understanding could enhance nurses' occupational lives by assisting policymakers and nurse managers in creating positive work environments that promote social support. Such policies could reduce the incidence and impact of burnout and STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wejdan Shaqiqi
- College of Nursing, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faiza A Abou El-Soud
- College of Nursing, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Şimşek Ç, Mercan Baspinar M. Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Self-Applied Acute Stress Scale (EASE) for Healthcare Providers. PSYCHIATRY JOURNAL 2024; 2024:7673595. [PMID: 38966256 PMCID: PMC11221986 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7673595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Acute stress induced by a sudden burden of emergency conditions and traumatic events, such as wars, earthquakes, situations requiring isolation, pandemics, and disasters, can have pathological consequences on healthcare providers (HCPs) if not diagnosed early. Therefore, the objective of this investigation is to culturally validate the self-administered Acute Stress Scale (EASE) in the Turkish context. Method The study consisted of 127 HCPs working with COVID-19 patients in services and clinics during the pandemic. The individual information form and EASE were used for data collection. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the factor structure of the EASE. Results All the statistical procedures showed that the Turkish version of the EASE scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for the Turkish culture. The content validity index (CVI = 0.84), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.912), and model fit indices (χ 2/df = 1.826, RMSEA = 0.083, CFI = 0.947, NFI = 0.893, GFI = 0.905) explained two-factor structure. Conclusion Institutional approaches are necessary to support the psychological needs of HCPs. The Turkish version of the EASE scale demonstrated adequate reliability and validity properties. The scale could provide appropriate support during the early stages of acute stress among HCPs related to needs during isolation conditions or unexpected emergencies such as recent pandemics and epidemics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağlar Şimşek
- Department of NursingUniversity of Health SciencesTaksim Training and Research Hospital, Taksim, Sıraselviler Street No. 48, Beyoglu 34433, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Melike Mercan Baspinar
- Department of Family MedicineUniversity of Health SciencesGaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital, Osmanbey Street, Gaziosmanpasa 34255, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Appel H, Sanatkar S. Systematic Search and Scoping Review of Physicians' Intolerance of Uncertainty and Medical Decision-Making Uncertainties During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Summary of the Literature and Directions for Future Research. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2024; 31:338-358. [PMID: 37932520 PMCID: PMC11102404 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-023-09974-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Pandemic-related uncertainties and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) could negatively affect physicians' well-being and functioning, being associated with experiences of distress and problematic decision-making processes. To summarize the available quantitative and qualitative evidence of physicians' IU and decisional uncertainty during COVID-19 and problems associated with it, a systematic search was conducted to identify all relevant articles describing physician uncertainty with regard to medical decision making and well-being in COVID-19 pandemic conditions. Medical, psychological, and preprint databases were searched. Ten articles met all eligibility criteria, with eight describing quantitative and two describing qualitative research outcomes, assessed primarily in European regions and via online surveys. Associations between IU and symptoms of poor mental health and mental health risk factors were widespread, but inconsistencies emerged. Qualitative studies emphasized decisional uncertainty as a stressor for physicians, and quantitative studies suggest it may have fostered more unproven treatment choices. While the prevalence and impact of physician uncertainty under COVID-19 conditions requires further investigation, sighting available literature indicates that IU coincided with experiences of poor mental health and, at least towards the beginning of the pandemic, with willingness to endorse unproven treatments. Efforts to reduce uncertainty-related problems for physicians seem warranted, for example, through normalizing experiences of uncertainty or reducing avoidable uncertainty through maintaining open and timely communication channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Appel
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Gogoi M, Qureshi I, Chaloner J, Al-Oraibi A, Reilly H, Wobi F, Agbonmwandolor JO, Ekezie W, Hassan O, Lal Z, Kapilashrami A, Nellums L, Pareek M. Discrimination, disadvantage and disempowerment during COVID-19: a qualitative intrasectional analysis of the lived experiences of an ethnically diverse healthcare workforce in the United Kingdom. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:105. [PMID: 38783292 PMCID: PMC11118759 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-024-02198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) in the United Kingdom (UK) have faced many challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, some of these arising out of their social positions. Existing literature explicating these challenges (e.g., lack of appropriate PPE, redeployment, understaffing) have highlighted inequities in how these have been experienced by HCWs based on ethnicity, gender or, job role. In this paper, we move a step ahead and examine how the intersection of these social positions have impacted HCWs' experiences of challenges during the pandemic. METHODS We collected qualitative data, using interviews and focus groups, from 164 HCWs from different ethnicities, gender, job roles, migration statuses, and regions in the United Kingdom (UK) between December 2020 and July 2021. Interviews and focus groups were conducted online or by telephone, and recorded with participants' permission. Recordings were transcribed and a hybrid thematic analytical approach integrating inductive data-driven codes with deductive ones informed by an intersectional framework was adopted to analyse the transcripts. RESULTS Thematic analysis of transcripts identified disempowerment, disadvantage and, discrimination as the three main themes around which HCWs' experiences of challenges were centred, based on their intersecting identities (e.g., ethnicity gender, and/or migration status). Our analysis also acknowledges that disadvantages faced by HCWs were linked to systemic and structural factors at the micro, meso and macro ecosystemic levels. This merging of analysis which is grounded in intersectionality and considers the ecosystemic levels has been termed as 'intrasectionalism'. DISCUSSION Our research demonstrates how an intrasectional lens can help better understand how different forms of mutually reinforcing inequities exist at all levels within the healthcare workforce and how these impact HCWs from certain backgrounds who face greater disadvantage, discrimination and disempowerment, particularly during times of crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Gogoi
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Irtiza Qureshi
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- The Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jonathan Chaloner
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amani Al-Oraibi
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Holly Reilly
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Fatimah Wobi
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Joy Oghogho Agbonmwandolor
- David Evans Medical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Winifred Ekezie
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Centre for Ethnic Health Research, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Osama Hassan
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zainab Lal
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anuj Kapilashrami
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
- Centre for Global Health & Intersectional Equity Research, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Laura Nellums
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- College of Population Health, Health Sciences Centre, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Manish Pareek
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
- Development Centre for Population Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
- Department of Infection and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
- NIHR Leicester BRC, Leicester, UK.
- NIHR ARC East Midlands, Leicester, UK.
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Chai Y, Man KKC, Luo H, Torre CO, Wing YK, Hayes JF, Osborn DPJ, Chang WC, Lin X, Yin C, Chan EW, Lam ICH, Fortin S, Kern DM, Lee DY, Park RW, Jang JW, Li J, Seager S, Lau WCY, Wong ICK. Incidence of mental health diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multinational network study. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2024; 33:e9. [PMID: 38433286 PMCID: PMC10940053 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796024000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Population-wide restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic may create barriers to mental health diagnosis. This study aims to examine changes in the number of incident cases and the incidence rates of mental health diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS By using electronic health records from France, Germany, Italy, South Korea and the UK and claims data from the US, this study conducted interrupted time-series analyses to compare the monthly incident cases and the incidence of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol misuse or dependence, substance misuse or dependence, bipolar disorders, personality disorders and psychoses diagnoses before (January 2017 to February 2020) and after (April 2020 to the latest available date of each database [up to November 2021]) the introduction of COVID-related restrictions. RESULTS A total of 629,712,954 individuals were enrolled across nine databases. Following the introduction of restrictions, an immediate decline was observed in the number of incident cases of all mental health diagnoses in the US (rate ratios (RRs) ranged from 0.005 to 0.677) and in the incidence of all conditions in France, Germany, Italy and the US (RRs ranged from 0.002 to 0.422). In the UK, significant reductions were only observed in common mental illnesses. The number of incident cases and the incidence began to return to or exceed pre-pandemic levels in most countries from mid-2020 through 2021. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare providers should be prepared to deliver service adaptations to mitigate burdens directly or indirectly caused by delays in the diagnosis and treatment of mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chai
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- The Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kenneth K. C. Man
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D4H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong
| | - Hao Luo
- The Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Carmen Olga Torre
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Real World Data Sciences, Roche, Welwyn Garden City, UK
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Joseph F. Hayes
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David P. J. Osborn
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- Real-World Solutions, IQVIA, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Can Yin
- Real-World Solutions, IQVIA, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Esther W. Chan
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D4H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ivan C. H. Lam
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Stephen Fortin
- Observation Health Data Analytics, Janssen Research & Development, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - David M. Kern
- Department of Epidemiology, Janssen Research & Development, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Rae Woong Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Won Jang
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jing Li
- Real-World Solutions, IQVIA, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Wallis C. Y. Lau
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D4H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong
| | - Ian C. K. Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
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Rourke S, Dimech A, Bacon R, Paterson C. The lived experiences of critical care nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative systematic review. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2024; 80:103555. [PMID: 37837834 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To critically synthesis the qualitative literature to understand the experiences of critical care nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A meta-aggregation systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant online databases were searched using a wide range of keywords and subject headings. All qualitative studies were included to understand the lived experiences of critical care nurses in the intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic. All studies were screened using a pre-eligibility screening criteria by three reviewers. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research was used to provide methodological appraisal. The JBI method of meta-aggregation was used to extract, synthesize, and categorise the data. FINDINGS 17 publications met the inclusion criteria. 136 individual findings were extracted, which were synthesised into 18 categories and eight synthesised findings. The eight synthesised findings included,1) Working as a team to adapt to the challenges of the pandemic, 2) Striving to provide patient centred care, 3) Coping with frequent deaths in the intensive care unit, 4) Challenges of supporting patients family from a distance, 5) The psychological impact of caring for critically unwell patients with COVID-19, 6) Working through the challenges of the intensive care unit setting during the pandemic, 7) The challenges of wearing personal protective equipment while undertaking patient care, 8) The impact of working in the intensive care unit during the pandemic on life at home.. CONCLUSION This qualitative systematic review has given new insight into the lived experiences of critical care nurses. There were significant psychological and physical impacts on critical care nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, improving psychological support, maintaining adequate staffing levels/skill mix to ensure basic nursing care can be completed, and the attendance of leadership/management staff is essential to ensure the retention of critical care nurses and achieve optimal patient outcomes. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE This review has highlighted implications for staff retention (counselling, skills development, contingency staffing), the need for improved management/leadership strategies and human resource policies to support critical care nurses when hospitals are in crisis. Additionally, the presence and needs of the family members of critically unwell patients' needs to be prioritised in the intensive care unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalyn Rourke
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide; Canberra Health Services & ACT Health, SYNERGY Nursing & Midwifery Research Centre, Canberra Hospital, Australia.
| | - Andrew Dimech
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Bacon
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra
| | - Catherine Paterson
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra; Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide; Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
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11
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Geoffrion S, Morse C, Dufour MM, Bergeron N, Guay S, Lanovaz MJ. Screening for Psychological Distress in Healthcare Workers Using Machine Learning: A Proof of Concept. J Med Syst 2023; 47:120. [PMID: 37971690 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-023-02011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to train and test preliminary models using two machine learning algorithms to identify healthcare workers at risk of developing anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The study included data from a prospective cohort study of 816 healthcare workers collected using a mobile application during the first two waves of COVID-19. Each week, the participants responded to 11 questions and completed three screening questionnaires (one for anxiety, one for depression, and one for post-traumatic stress disorder). Then, the research team selected two questions (out of the 11), which were used with biological sex to identify whether scores on each screening questionnaire would be positive or negative. The analyses involved a fivefold cross-validation to test the accuracy of models based on logistic regression and support vector machines using cross-sectional and cumulative measures. The findings indicated that the models derived from the two questions and biological sex accurately identified screening scores for anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorders in 70% to 80% of cases. However, the positive predictive value never exceeded 50%, underlining the importance of collecting more data to train better models. Our proof of concept demonstrates the feasibility of using machine learning to develop novel models to screen for psychological distress in at-risk healthcare workers. Developing models with fewer questions may reduce burdens of active monitoring in practical settings by decreasing the weekly assessment duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Geoffrion
- Research center of l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Université de Montréal Pavillon Marie-Victorin École de psychoéducation, C. P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Catherine Morse
- Research center of l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Université de Montréal Pavillon Marie-Victorin École de psychoéducation, C. P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Marie-Michèle Dufour
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Université de Montréal Pavillon Marie-Victorin École de psychoéducation, C. P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bergeron
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center of Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Guay
- Research center of l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Criminology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc J Lanovaz
- Research center of l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Université de Montréal Pavillon Marie-Victorin École de psychoéducation, C. P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
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12
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Monti L, Marconi E, Bocci MG, Kotzalidis GD, Mazza M, Galliani C, Tranquilli S, Vento G, Conti G, Sani G, Antonelli M, Chieffo DPR. COVID-19 pandemic in the intensive care unit: Psychological implications and interventions, a systematic review. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:191-217. [PMID: 37123099 PMCID: PMC10130962 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic produced changes in intensive care units (ICUs) in patient care and health organizations. The pandemic event increased patients' risk of developing psychological symptoms during and after hospitalisation. These consequences also affected those family members who could not access the hospital. In addition, the initial lack of knowledge about the virus and its management, the climate of fear and uncertainty, the increased workload and the risk of becoming infected and being contagious, had a strong impact on healthcare staff and organizations. This highlighted the importance of interventions aimed at providing psychological support to ICUs, involving patients, their relatives, and the staff; this might involve the reorganisation of the daily routine and rearrangement of ICU staff duties. AIM To conduct a systematic review of psychological issues in ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic involving patients, their relatives, and ICU staff. METHODS We investigated the PubMed and the ClinicalTrials.gov databases and found 65 eligible articles, upon which we commented. RESULTS Our results point to increased perceived stress and psychological distress in staff, patients and their relatives and increased worry for being infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in patients and relatives. Furthermore, promising results were obtained for some psychological programmes aiming at improving psychological measures in all ICU categories. CONCLUSION As the pandemic limited direct inter-individual interactions, the role of interventions using digital tools and virtual reality is becoming increasingly important. All considered, our results indicate an essential role for psychologists in ICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Monti
- UOS Psicologia Clinica, Governo Clinico, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Elisa Marconi
- UOS Psicologia Clinica, Governo Clinico, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bocci
- UOC Anestesia, Rianimazione, Terapia Intensiva e Tossicologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e Della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Georgios Demetrios Kotzalidis
- UOC Psichiatria Clinica e d’Urgenza, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e Della Testa-collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- NESMOS Department, Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Rome 00189, Italy
| | - Marianna Mazza
- UOC Psichiatria Clinica e d’Urgenza, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e Della Testa-collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Carolina Galliani
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Sara Tranquilli
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vento
- UOC Neonatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, Del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- UOC Neonatologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giorgio Conti
- UOC Terapia Intensiva Pediatrica e Trauma Center Pediatrico, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e Della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- UOC Terapia Intensiva Pediatrica e Trauma Center Pediatrico, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- UOC Psichiatria Clinica e d’Urgenza, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e Della Testa-collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Massimo Antonelli
- UOC Anestesia, Rianimazione, Terapia Intensiva e Tossicologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e Della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Daniela Pia Rosaria Chieffo
- UOS Psicologia Clinica, Governo Clinico, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
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13
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Lee BEC, Ling M, Boyd L, Olsson C, Sheen J. The prevalence of probable mental health disorders among hospital healthcare workers during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 330:329-345. [PMID: 36931567 PMCID: PMC10017178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic continue to be documented worldwide with systematic reviews playing a pivotal role. Here we present updated findings from our systematic review and meta-analysis on the mental health impacts among hospital healthcare workers during COVID-19. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase and Web Of Science Core Collection between 1st January 2000 to 17th February 2022 for studies using validated methods and reporting on the prevalence of diagnosed or probable mental health disorders in hospital healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A meta-analysis of proportions and odds ratio was performed using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was investigated using test of subgroup differences and 95 % prediction intervals. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 401 studies, representing 458,754 participants across 58 countries. Pooled prevalence of depression was 28.5 % (95 % CI: 26.3-30.7), anxiety was 28.7 % (95 % CI: 26.5-31.0), PTSD was 25.5 % (95 % CI: 22.5-28.5), alcohol and substance use disorder was 25.3 % (95 % CI: 13.3-39.6) and insomnia was 24.4 % (95 % CI: 19.4-29.9). Prevalence rates were stratified by physicians, nurses, allied health, support staff and healthcare students, which varied considerably. There were significantly higher odds of probable mental health disorders in women, those working in high-risk units and those providing direct care. LIMITATIONS Majority of studies used self-report measures which reflected probable mental health disorders rather than actual diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS These updated findings have enhanced our understanding of at-risk groups working in hospitals. Targeted support and research towards these differences in mental health risks are recommended to mitigate any long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathew Ling
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia; Neami National, Preston, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Craig Olsson
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Jade Sheen
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
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14
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Ku M, Ng I, Barson E, Fisher C, Segal R, Williams DL, Krieser RB, Mezzavia PM, Lee K, Chen Y, Sindoni T, Withiel T. The psychological impact on perioperative healthcare workers during Victoria's second COVID-19 wave: A prospective longitudinal thematic analysis. J Health Psychol 2023; 28:293-306. [PMID: 35837671 PMCID: PMC9982396 DOI: 10.1177/13591053221111021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound psychological impact on our frontline healthcare workers. Throughout the entire second COVID-19 wave at one major tertiary hospital in Melbourne Australia, longitudinal qualitative data between perioperative staff members, and analyses of intrapersonal changes were reported. Inductive analysis of three open-ended questions generated four major themes: Organisational Response to the Pandemic, Psychological Impact, Changes in Feelings of Support Over Time and Suggestions for Changes. Understanding the challenges, perception and suggestions from this longitudinal study allows us to provide a range of support services and interventions to minimise the long-term negative psychological impact and be better prepared should another similar situation arises again.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Ng
- The University of Melbourne,
Australia
- Royal Melbourne Hospital,
Australia
| | | | | | - Reny Segal
- The University of Melbourne,
Australia
- Royal Melbourne Hospital,
Australia
| | | | | | | | - Keat Lee
- The University of Melbourne,
Australia
- Royal Melbourne Hospital,
Australia
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15
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Kelly K, Margaret H, McCarron M, McCallion P, Burke E, Wormald AD. Moral distress in carers for people with an intellectual disability who died during the COVID-19 pandemic, a template analysis extending the Barlem and Ramos model of moral distress. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:507-515. [PMID: 36787919 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article aims to understand moral distress in carers of people with an intellectual disability during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD Nine staff carers of seven people with an intellectual disability, who had been participants of the IDS-TILDA study in Ireland, who died during the COVID-19 pandemic participated in in-depth, semi-structured telephone interviews. Template analysis was used to analyze the interviews. RESULTS Obstructions in performing their duties left carers feeling powerless and experiencing moral conflict distress, moral constraint distress and moral uncertainty distress. Most managed to connect to the moral dimension in their work through peer support, understanding they fulfilled the wishes of the deceased, and/or thinking about how they or others did the best they could for the person they were caring for. CONCLUSIONS This research demonstrates that while restrictions may have been effective in reducing the spread of COVID-19, they were potentially damaging to carer wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathyan Kelly
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Haigh Margaret
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary McCarron
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Eilish Burke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Qureshi I, Chaloner J, Gogoi M, Al-Oraibi A, Wobi F, Reilly H, Medisauskaite A, Martin CA, Irizar P, Papineni P, Lagrata S, Agbonmwandolor J, Pareek M, Nellums L. Caring for Those Who Take Care of Others: Developing Systemic and Sustainable Mental Health Support for the Diverse Healthcare Workforce in the United Kingdom. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3242. [PMID: 36833937 PMCID: PMC9964273 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pressures such as high workload, stretched resources, and financial stress are resulting in healthcare workers experiencing high rates of mental health conditions, high suicide rates, high rates of staff absences from work, and high vacancy rates for certain healthcare professions. All of these factors point to the fact that a systematic and sustainable approach to mental health support at different levels and in different ways is more important than ever. In response, we present a holistic analysis of the mental health and wellbeing needs of healthcare workers across the United Kingdom healthcare ecosystem. We recommend that healthcare organisations should consider the specific circumstances of these staff and develop strategies to counter the negative impact of these factors and help safeguard the mental health of their staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irtiza Qureshi
- Lifespan and Population Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jonathan Chaloner
- Lifespan and Population Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Mayuri Gogoi
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Amani Al-Oraibi
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Fatimah Wobi
- Public Health Institute, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5UX, UK
| | - Holly Reilly
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Asta Medisauskaite
- Research Department of Medical Education, UCL Medical School, London WC1E 6DE, UK
| | | | - Patricia Irizar
- Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Padmasayee Papineni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Susie Lagrata
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Joy Agbonmwandolor
- The David Evans Medical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Manish Pareek
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Laura Nellums
- Lifespan and Population Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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17
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Cyr S, Marcil MJ, Houchi C, Marin MF, Rosa C, Tardif JC, Guay S, Guertin MC, Genest C, Forest J, Lavoie P, Labrosse M, Vadeboncoeur A, Selcer S, Ducharme S, Brouillette J. Evolution of burnout and psychological distress in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a 1-year observational study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:809. [PMID: 36539718 PMCID: PMC9763813 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers remain unknown. We aimed to determine the one-year progression of burnout and mental health since pandemic onset, and verify if protective factors against psychological distress at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic (Cyr et al. in Front Psychiatry; 2021) remained associated when assessed several months later. METHODS We used validated questionnaires (Maslach Burnout Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression and posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] Checklist for DSM-5 scales) to assess burnout and psychological distress in 410 healthcare workers from Quebec, Canada, at three and 12 months after pandemic onset. We then performed multivariable regression analyses to identify protective factors of burnout and mental health at 12 months. As the equivalent regression analyses at three months post-pandemic onset had already been conducted in the previous paper, we could compare the protective factors at both time points. RESULTS Prevalence of burnout and anxiety were similar at three and 12 months (52% vs. 51%, p = 0.66; 23% vs. 23%, p = 0.91), while PTSD (23% vs. 11%, p < 0.0001) and depression (11% vs. 6%, p = 0.001) decreased significantly over time. Higher resilience was associated with a lower probability of all outcomes at both time points. Perceived organizational support remained significantly associated with a reduced risk of burnout at 12 months. Social support emerged as a protective factor against burnout at 12 months and persisted over time for studied PTSD, anxiety, and depression. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare workers' occupational and mental health stabilized or improved between three and 12 months after the pandemic onset. The predominant protective factors against burnout remained resilience and perceived organizational support. For PTSD, anxiety and depression, resilience and social support were important factors over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Cyr
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Marie-Joelle Marcil
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Cylia Houchi
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Marie-France Marin
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada ,grid.38678.320000 0001 2181 0211Department of Psychology, UQAM, 100 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, H2X 3P2 Canada ,grid.414210.20000 0001 2321 7657Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, 7331 Hochelaga Street, Montreal, Québec, H1N 3V2 Canada
| | - Camille Rosa
- Montreal Health Innovations Coordinating Centre, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8 Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Stéphane Guay
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada ,grid.414210.20000 0001 2321 7657Centre d’étude sur le Trauma, Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, 7331 Hochelaga Street, Montreal, Québec, H1N 3V2 Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Guertin
- Montreal Health Innovations Coordinating Centre, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8 Canada
| | - Christine Genest
- grid.414210.20000 0001 2321 7657Centre d’étude sur le Trauma, Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, 7331 Hochelaga Street, Montreal, Québec, H1N 3V2 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Marguerite-d’Youville Pavilion, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Jacques Forest
- Department of Organization and Human Resources, ESG UQAM, P.O. Box 8888, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Patrick Lavoie
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Marguerite-d’Youville Pavilion, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Mélanie Labrosse
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada ,grid.411418.90000 0001 2173 6322Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, Québec, H3T 1C5 Canada
| | - Alain Vadeboncoeur
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Shaun Selcer
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Simon Ducharme
- grid.412078.80000 0001 2353 5268Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Verdun, Québec, H4H 1R3 Canada ,grid.416102.00000 0004 0646 3639McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University St, Montreal, Québec, H3A 2B4 Canada
| | - Judith Brouillette
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montreal, Québec, H1T 1C8, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
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18
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Schaffler Y, Kaltschik S, Probst T, Jesser A, Pieh C, Humer E. Mental health in Austrian psychotherapists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1011539. [PMID: 36424964 PMCID: PMC9679414 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1011539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has been reported in different communities, little is known about the mental health of psychotherapists during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Austrian psychotherapists and compare it with the general population. A total of n = 513 psychotherapists (80.5% women; mean age: 53.06 ± 9.94 years) took part in an online survey conducted from April to June 2022. At the same time, a representative sample (N = 1,031) of the Austrian general population was surveyed online. Indicators of mental health were mental wellbeing (WHO-5), depression (PHQ-2), anxiety (GAD-2), insomnia (ISI-2), and stress (PSS-10). The general population sample was matched according to age and gender with the psychotherapist's data using propensity scores, yielding a final sample of n = 513 (80.5% women; mean age: 52.33 ± 13.39 years). Psychotherapists showed lower odds for exceeding cut-offs for clinically relevant depressive, anxiety, insomnia and stress symptoms (0.34-0.58) compared to the general population. Further studies should elucidate the protective factors underlying these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Elke Humer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
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19
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Gorini A, Giuliani M, Fiabane E, Bonomi A, Gabanelli P, Pierobon A, Moretta P, Pagliarulo G, Spaccavento S, Vaudo G, Pirro M, Mannarino MR, Milani L, Caruso MP, Baiardi P, Dalla Vecchia LA, La Rovere MT, Pistarini C, Baldassarre D. Prevalence of Psychopathological Symptoms and Their Determinants in Four Healthcare Workers' Categories during the Second Year of COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13712. [PMID: 36294291 PMCID: PMC9602535 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Highly stressful situations, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic, induce constant changes in the mental state of people who experience them. In the present study, we analyzed the prevalence of some psychological symptoms and their determinants in four different categories of healthcare workers during the second year of the pandemic. A total of 265 physicians, 176 nurses, 184 other healthcare professionals, and 48 administrative employees, working in different Italian healthcare contexts, answered a questionnaire including variables about their mental status and experience with the pandemic. The mean scores for anxiety and depressive symptoms measured more than one year after the onset of the pandemic did not reach the pathological threshold. In contrast, post-traumatic and burnout symptoms tended toward the critical threshold, especially in physicians. The main determinant of psychological distress was perceived stress, followed by job satisfaction, the impact of COVID-19 on daily work, and a lack of recreational activities. These results increase the knowledge of which determinants of mental distress would be important to act on when particularly stressful conditions exist in the workplace that persist over time. If well-implemented, specific interventions focused on these determinants could lead to an improvement in employee well-being and in the quality of care provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Gorini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Milano-Camaldoli, 64, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elena Fiabane
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 16167 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alice Bonomi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Gabanelli
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Psychology Unit of Pavia Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonia Pierobon
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Psychology Unit of Montescano Institute, 27040 Montescano, Italy
| | - Pasquale Moretta
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Teleselezioni Terme Institute, 82037 Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pagliarulo
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Teleselezioni Terme Institute, 82037 Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Simona Spaccavento
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Psychology Unit of Bari Institute, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Vaudo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, “Santa Maria” Terni University Hospital, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo R. Mannarino
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Baiardi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Direzione Scientifica Centrale of Pavia Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Maria Teresa La Rovere
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Department of Cardiology of Montescano Institute, 27040 Montescano, Italy
| | - Caterina Pistarini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Department of Neurorehabilitation of Pavia Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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20
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Harrison M, Rhodes T, Lancaster K. How do care environments shape healthcare? A synthesis of qualitative studies among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e063867. [PMID: 36171049 PMCID: PMC9527744 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate how care is shaped through the material practices and spaces of healthcare environments during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) of qualitative research. PARTICIPANTS Studies included qualitative research investigating the experiences of healthcare workers involved in the care of individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS 134 articles were identified in the initial sampling frame with 38 studies involving 2507 participants included in the final synthesis. Three themes were identified in the analysis: (1) the hospital transformed, (2) virtual care spaces and (3) objects of care. Through the generation of these themes, a synthesising argument was developed to demonstrate how material spaces and practices of healthcare shape care delivery and to provide insights to support healthcare providers in creating enabling and resilient care environments. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study demonstrate how healthcare environments enable and constrain modes of care. Practices of care are shaped through the materiality of spaces and objects, including how these change in the face of pandemic disruption. The implication is that the healthcare environment needs to be viewed as a critical adaptive element in the optimisation of care. The study also develops a versatile and coherent approach to CIS methods that can be taken up in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Harrison
- Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tim Rhodes
- Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kari Lancaster
- Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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21
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Ecarnot F, Lombion S, Pourrez A, Laurent A, Fournier A, Lheureux F, Loiseau M, Rigaud JP, Binquet C, Meunier-Beillard N, Quenot JP. A qualitative study of the perceptions and experiences of healthcare providers caring for critically ill patients during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A PsyCOVID-ICU substudy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274326. [PMID: 36084004 PMCID: PMC9462768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intensive care unit (ICU) staff have faced unprecedented levels of stress, in the context of profound upheaval of their working environment due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored the perceptions of frontline ICU staff about the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and how this experience impacted their personal and professional lives. Methods In a qualitative study as part of the PsyCOVID-ICU project, we conducted semi-structured interviews with a random sample of nurses and nurses’ aides from 5 centres participating in the main PsyCOVID study. Interviews were recorded and fully transcribed, and analysed by thematic analysis. Results A total of 18 interviews were performed from 13 August to 6 October 2020; 13 were nurses, and 5 were nurses’ aides. Thematic analysis revealed three major themes, namely: (1) Managing the home life; (2) Conditions in the workplace; and (3) the meaning of their profession. Conclusion In this qualitative study investigating the experiences and perceptions of healthcare workers caring for critically ill patients during the first COVID-19 wave in France, the participants reported that the crisis had profound repercussions on both their personal and professional lives. The main factors affecting the participants were a fear of contamination, and the re-organisation of working conditions, against a background of a media “infodemic”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Ecarnot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Besançon, and EA3920, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Aurélie Pourrez
- Unité de Recherche UR3476, Mediation Research Center, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Alexandra Laurent
- Laboratoire de Psychologie: Dynamiques Relationnelles Et Processus Identitaires (PsyDREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Alicia Fournier
- Laboratoire de Psychologie: Dynamiques Relationnelles Et Processus Identitaires (PsyDREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Florent Lheureux
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Mélanie Loiseau
- Service de Médecine Légale CHU Dijon, Cellule d’Urgence Médico-Psychologique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rigaud
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CH de Dieppe, France
- Espace de Réflexion Éthique de Normandie, Université de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Christine Binquet
- Inserm CIC 1432, Module Épidémiologie Clinique (CIC-EC), CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Nicolas Meunier-Beillard
- Inserm CIC 1432, Clinical Epidemiology, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
- DRCI, USMR, Francois Mitterrand University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Quenot
- Inserm CIC 1432, Module Épidémiologie Clinique (CIC-EC), CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Equipe Lipness, Centre de Recherche INSERM UMR1231 et LabEx LipSTIC, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Espace de Réflexion Éthique Bourgogne Franche-Comté (EREBFC), Dijon, France
- * E-mail:
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22
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Dragioti E, Tsartsalis D, Mentis M, Mantzoukas S, Gouva M. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of hospital staff: An umbrella review of 44 meta-analyses. Int J Nurs Stud 2022; 131:104272. [PMID: 35576637 PMCID: PMC9045868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital staff is at high risk of developing mental health issues during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the literature lacks an overall and inclusive picture of mental health problems with comprehensive analysis among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVES To ascertain the prevalence of anxiety, depression and other mental health outcomes as reported in original articles among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN A PRISMA 2020 and MOOSE 2000 compliant umbrella review of published meta-analyses of observational studies evaluating the prevalence of mental health problems in hospital staff during the pandemic. REVIEW METHODS Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO from December 1st, 2019, until August 13th 2021. The random effects model was used for the meta-analysis, and the I2 index was employed to assess between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias using Egger test and LFK index was examined. Data was analyzed using STATA 17.0 software. AMSTAR-2 was applied for the quality assessment of systematic reviews, while we used GRADE to rate the quality of evidence. RESULTS Forty-four meta-analyses from 1298 individual studies were included in the final analysis, encompassing the prevalence of 16 mental health symptoms. One-third of hospital workers reported anxiety (Prevalence: 29.9%, 95% CI:27.1% to 32.7%) and depression (Prevalence: 28.4%, 95% CI:25.5% to 31.3%) symptomatology, while about 40% (95% CI: 36.9% to 42.0%) suffered from sleeping disorders. Fear-related symptoms, reduced well-being, poor quality of life, and acute stress symptoms had the highest prevalence among hospital staff. However, the quality of evidence in these areas varied from low to very low. Nurses suffered more often from sleep problems and symptoms of anxiety and depression than doctors, whereas doctors reported a higher prevalence of acute stress and post-traumatic disorders. The burden of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders was higher among female employees than their male counterparts. Remarkably, acute stress and insomnia affected more than half of first-line medical staff. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of mental health problems among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic is generally high, with anxiety, depression and insomnia symptoms representing the most robust evidence based on a large dataset of prevalence meta-analyses. However, there is no strong confidence in the body of evidence for each outcome assessed. REGISTRATION Not registered. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic is having a major impact on the mental health of hospital staff. The need for support must be different for nurses and doctors @eldi12345.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dragioti
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45500, Greece.
| | | | - Manolis Mentis
- Department of Education and Social Work, University of Patras, Greece.
| | - Stefanos Mantzoukas
- Research Laboratory Integrated Care, Health & Well-being, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45500, Greece.
| | - Mary Gouva
- Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45500, Greece.
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23
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Marcil MJ, Cyr S, Marin MF, Rosa C, Tardif JC, Guay S, Guertin MC, Genest C, Forest J, Lavoie P, Labrosse M, Vadeboncoeur A, Selcer S, Ducharme S, Brouillette J. Hair cortisol change at COVID-19 pandemic onset predicts burnout among health personnel. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 138:105645. [PMID: 35134663 PMCID: PMC8697418 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has put chronic pressure on worldwide healthcare systems. While the literature regarding the prevalence of psychological distress and associated risk factors among healthcare workers facing COVID-19 has exploded, biological variables have been mostly overlooked. METHODS 467 healthcare workers from Quebec, Canada, answered an electronic survey covering various risk factors and mental health outcomes three months after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Of them, 372 (80%) provided a hair sample, providing a history of cortisol secretion for the three months preceding and following the pandemic's start. We used multivariable regression models and a receiver operating characteristic curve to study hair cortisol as a predictor of burnout and psychological health, together with individual, occupational, social, and organizational factors. RESULTS As expected, hair cortisol levels increased after the start of the pandemic, with a median relative change of 29% (IQR = 3-59%, p < 0.0001). There was a significant association between burnout status and change in cortisol, with participants in the second quarter of change having lower odds of burnout. No association was found between cortisol change and post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Adding cortisol to individual-occupational-socio-organizational factors noticeably enhanced our burnout logistic regression model's predictability. CONCLUSION Change in hair cortisol levels predicted burnout at three months in health personnel at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This non-invasive biological marker of the stress response could be used in further clinical or research initiatives to screen high-risk individuals to prevent and control burnout in health personnel facing an important stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Joëlle Marcil
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8 Québec, Canada,Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada
| | - Samuel Cyr
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8 Québec, Canada,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-France Marin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada,Department of Psychology, UQAM, 100 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, H2X 3P2 Québec, Canada,Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, 7331 Hochelaga Street, Montréal, H1N 3V2 Québec, Canada
| | - Camille Rosa
- Montreal Health Innovations Coordinating Centre, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8 Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8 Québec, Canada,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Guay
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada,Centre d’étude sur le Trauma, Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, 7331 Hochelaga Street, Montréal, H1N 3V2 Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Guertin
- Montreal Health Innovations Coordinating Centre, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8 Québec, Canada
| | - Christine Genest
- Centre d’étude sur le Trauma, Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, 7331 Hochelaga Street, Montréal, H1N 3V2 Québec, Canada,Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Marguerite-d'Youville Pavilion, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada
| | - Jacques Forest
- Department of Organization and Human Resources, ESG UQAM, P.O. Box 8888, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3P8 Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick Lavoie
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8 Québec, Canada,Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Marguerite-d'Youville Pavilion, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Labrosse
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada,Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montréal, H3T 1C5 Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Vadeboncoeur
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8 Québec, Canada,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada
| | - Shaun Selcer
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8 Québec, Canada,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada
| | - Simon Ducharme
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Verdun, H4H 1R3 Québec, Canada,McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University St, Montréal, H3A 2B4 Québec, Canada
| | - Judith Brouillette
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8 Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada.
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24
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Kranenburg LW, de Veer MR, Oude Hengel KM, Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij TA, de Pagter AP, Hoogendijk WJ, Busschbach JJ, van Mol MM. Need for support among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study at an academic hospital in the Netherlands. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059124. [PMID: 35210349 PMCID: PMC8882635 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the current study is to gain insight into the factors that benefit vitality and resilience of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, to develop and direct specific support strategies. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This study applies a qualitative design, consisting of six focus groups and five interviews among 38 frontline healthcare workers in a large Dutch academic hospital. Included were professionals of the intensive care unit, COVID-19 departments, infection prevention units and facility management services. The study was conducted in October and November 2020, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. DATA ANALYSIS Thematic analysis was applied to focus group and interview data to gain insight into the factors that contribute to maintaining vitality and resilience, and to assess specific support needs. RESULTS Data analysis of the focus groups and individual interviews resulted in a thematic map of the factors that contribute to maintaining resilience and vitality. The map stretches over two axes: one ranging from a healthy basis to adequate professional functioning and the other from individual to organisation, resulting in four quadrants: recharge and recover (healthy basis, individual), safety and connectedness at work (healthy basis, organisational), collaboration (professional functioning, organisational) and professional identity (professional functioning, individual). CONCLUSION Areas for organisational support strategies to increase vitality and resilience among healthcare professionals are: consistent communication, realistic job performance expectations, monitor and improve mental resilience, showing appreciation and act upon practical support requests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonieke W Kranenburg
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs R de Veer
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Karen M Oude Hengel
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
- Department of Work, Health and Technology, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne Pj de Pagter
- Challenge and Support Programme, Erasmus MC Sophia Children Hospital, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Witte Jg Hoogendijk
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Jv Busschbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Margo Mc van Mol
- Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
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25
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Yin Z, Zhang W, Jia X, Wang X, Hao J, Yang Y, Zhang X, Du S, Yue X. Psychological distress of frontline healthcare workers in the intensive care unit during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study from China. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e049627. [PMID: 35190413 PMCID: PMC8861884 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The rapid spread of COVID-19 has overwhelmed healthcare systems across the world. During the early stage of the pandemic, frontline healthcare workers (FHWs) caring for patients at intensive care units (ICUs) faced extreme pressure and challenges. This qualitative study aimed to describe the different phases of psychological distress of FHWs during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Qualitative study. SETTING The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, a designated hospital for patients with COVID-19 in central China. PARTICIPANTS Eight physicians and six nurses working in the ICU who provided direct patient care for COVID-19 patients. METHODS A descriptive phenomenological study using thematic analysis was applied. Semi-structured one-on-one interviews over telephone or Wechat (a social platform in China) rather than face-to-face interviews were conducted due to quarantine. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim and then were analysed thematically. FINDINGS A total of 14 interviews were conducted, and each interview lasted 20-60 min. Five thematic categories were identified, and the participants' psychological experiences were classified into five stages (1) the mobilisation period: a sense of responsibility with worries; (2) the preparation period: worries, fears and doubts about the epidemic; (3) the transitional period: complex and diverse psychological feelings; (4) the adaptation period: self-adjustment and help from external support and (5) the reflection period: a reflection on life and nature. CONCLUSION The study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had significant psychological impacts on FHWs. Self-regulation and external support help FHWs to overcome challenges to a certain extent. More attention should be paid to the psychological wellbeing of ICU FHWs in COVID-19-designated hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuedong Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yantao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuzhang Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohong Yue
- Blood Purification Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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26
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Levi-Belz Y, Zerach G. The wounded helper: moral injury contributes to depression and anxiety among Israeli health and social care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2022; 35:518-532. [PMID: 35114876 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2022.2035371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic can affect the mental health of health and social care workers (HSCWs) who are frontline workers in this crisis. The pandemic poses unique challenges to HSCWs as they face morally daunting decisions while working with limited knowledge and resources. This study examined the relationships between exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) and depression and anxiety among HSCWs. METHOD A sample of 243 Israeli HSCWs completed validated self-report questionnaires that include measures of depression, anxiety, exposure to PMIEs, perceived stress, and moral injury symptoms. RESULTS About one-third (33.6%) of the sample met the criteria for major depressive disorder, 21.5% met the criteria for generalized anxiety disorder, and 19.1% reported comorbidity of depression and anxiety. Beyond demographic, COVID-19, and work-related characteristics, PMIEs contributed to depression and anxiety among HSCWs. The integrative model indicated the mediating role of perceived stress and moral injury symptoms in the associations of PMIEs with depression and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS The study's findings highlight HSCWs' mental burden during the COVID-19 pandemic and the important contribution of exposure to PMIEs to this burden. Clinicians treating HSCWs coping with depression and anxiety following the COVID-19 should also attend to moral injury symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yossi Levi-Belz
- The Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
| | - Gadi Zerach
- Dept. of Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Wang J, Zhu E, Ai P, Liu J, Chen Z, Wang F, Chen F, Ai Z. The potency of psychiatric questionnaires to distinguish major mental disorders in Chinese outpatients. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1091798. [PMID: 36620659 PMCID: PMC9813586 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1091798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the huge population in China, the available mental health resources are inadequate. Thus, our study aimed to evaluate whether mental questionnaires, serving as auxiliary diagnostic tools, have efficient diagnostic ability in outpatient psychiatric services. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of Chinese psychiatric outpatients. Altogether 1,182, 5,069, and 4,958 records of Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), respectively, were collected from March 2021 to July 2022. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied to subscale scores and total scores of SCL-90, HAM-A, and HAM-D between the two sexes (male and female groups), different age groups, and four diagnostic groups (anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia). Kendall's tau coefficient analysis and machine learning were also conducted in the diagnostic groups. RESULTS We found significant differences in most subscale scores for both age and gender groups. Using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kendall's tau coefficient analysis, we found that there were no statistically significant differences in diseases in total scale scores and nearly all subscale scores. The results of machine learning (ML) showed that for HAM-A, anxiety had a small degree of differentiation with an AUC of 0.56, while other diseases had an AUC close to 0.50. As for HAM-D, bipolar disorder was slightly distinguishable with an AUC of 0.60, while the AUC of other diseases was lower than 0.50. In SCL-90, all diseases had a similar AUC; among them, bipolar disorder had the lowest score, schizophrenia had the highest score, while anxiety and depression both had an AUC of approximately 0.56. CONCLUSION This study is the first to conduct wide and comprehensive analyses on the use of these three scales in Chinese outpatient clinics with both traditional statistical approaches and novel machine learning methods. Our results indicated that the univariate subscale scores did not have statistical significance among our four diagnostic groups, which highlights the limit of their practical use by doctors in identifying different mental diseases in Chinese outpatient psychiatric services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Enzhao Zhu
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pu Ai
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Chinese-German Institute of Mental Health, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fazhan Chen
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Chinese-German Institute of Mental Health, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zisheng Ai
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Chinese-German Institute of Mental Health, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Casagrande A, Quintavalle F, Lena E, Fabris F, Lucangelo U. Pressure-flow breath representation eases asynchrony identification in mechanically ventilated patients. J Clin Monit Comput 2021; 36:1499-1508. [PMID: 34964083 PMCID: PMC8714555 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-021-00792-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Breathing asynchronies are mismatches between the requests of mechanically ventilated subjects and the support provided by mechanical ventilators. The most widespread technique in identifying these pathological conditions is the visual analysis of the intra-tracheal pressure and flow time-trends. This work considers a recently introduced pressure-flow representation technique and investigates whether it can help nurses in the early detection of anomalies that can represent asynchronies. Twenty subjects—ten Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses and ten persons inexperienced in medical practice—were asked to find asynchronies in 200 breaths pre-labeled by three experts. The new representation increases significantly the detection capability of the subjects—average sensitivity soared from 0.622 to 0.905—while decreasing the classification time—from 1107.0 to 567.1 s on average—at the price of a not statistically significant rise in the number of wrong identifications—specificity average descended from 0.589 to 0.52. Moreover, the differences in experience between the nurse group and the inexperienced group do not affect the sensitivity, specificity, or classification times. The pressure-flow diagram significantly increases sensitivity and decreases the response time of early asynchrony detection performed by nurses. Moreover, the data suggest that operator experience does not affect the identification results. This outcome leads us to believe that, in emergency contexts with a shortage of nurses, intensive care nurses can be supplemented, for the sole identification of possible respiratory asynchronies, by inexperienced staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Casagrande
- Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Quintavalle
- DAI, Emergenza Urgenza ed Accettazione, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Lena
- DAI, Emergenza Urgenza ed Accettazione, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Fabris
- Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Umberto Lucangelo
- DAI, Emergenza Urgenza ed Accettazione, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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29
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Hayes MM, Cocchi MN. Critical care leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Crit Care 2021; 67:186-188. [PMID: 34635389 PMCID: PMC8499091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic taxed critical care and its leaders in unprecedented ways. Medical directors, nursing directors, division chiefs and department chairs were forced to lead their staff through a pandemic wrought with personal and professional safety concerns, uncertainty, and more death than most critical care practitioners had ever seen. No leader was fully prepared for the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we describe what we believe are the three most important qualities of a leader in times of crisis: presence, transparency, and empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Hayes
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.
| | - Michael N Cocchi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, Division of Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, United States of America
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30
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Chutiyami M, Cheong AMY, Salihu D, Bello UM, Ndwiga D, Maharaj R, Naidoo K, Kolo MA, Jacob P, Chhina N, Ku TK, Devar L, Pratitha P, Kannan P. COVID-19 Pandemic and Overall Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals Globally: A Meta-Review of Systematic Reviews. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:804525. [PMID: 35111089 PMCID: PMC8801501 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.804525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of overall mental health of healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD We conducted a comprehensive literature search on Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE. A predefined eligibility criterion was used to screen the articles. The methodology quality of eligible studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for systematic reviews. The data were narratively synthesised in line with the meta-review aim. RESULT Forty systematic reviews (represented as K = 40), which reported data from 1,828 primary studies (N) and 3,245,768 participants, met the inclusion criteria. The findings from a pooled prevalence indicate that anxiety (16-41%, K = 30, N = 701), depression (14-37%, K = 28, N = 584), and stress/post-traumatic stress disorder (18.6-56.5%, K = 24, N = 327) were the most prevailing COVID-19 pandemic-related mental health conditions affecting healthcare workers. Other reported concerns included insomnia, burnout, fear, obsessive-compulsive disorder, somatization symptoms, phobia, substance abuse, and suicidal thoughts. Considering regions/countries, the highest anxiety was reported in the United-Kingdom [22.3, 95% Confidence Interval (CI):7-38, N = 4] compared to other countries, while the highest depression was in the Middle-East, (41, 95% CI:16-60, N = 5) and stress in the Eastern Mediterranean region (61.6, 95% CI:56.4-66.8, N = 2) compared to other regions. The most significant risk factors include female gender, younger age, being a nurse, and frontline professional. The most-reported coping strategies include individual/group psychological support, family/relative support, training/orientation, and the adequacy of personal protective equipment. CONCLUSION It was concluded that healthcare professionals (nurses, doctors, allied health) have experienced various mental health issues during COVID-19 pandemic. The meta-review, therefore, recommends targeted interventions and health policies that address specific mental health issues to support health professionals worldwide during the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and similar future health crises. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD4202126200, identifier: CRD42021262001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Chutiyami
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Management, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Allen M Y Cheong
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dauda Salihu
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Umar Muhammad Bello
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Physiotherapy, Yobe State University Teaching Hospital (YSUTH), Damaturu, Nigeria
| | - Dorothy Ndwiga
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Management, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Reshin Maharaj
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Management, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kogi Naidoo
- Institute of Health and Management, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Navjot Chhina
- Institute of Health and Management, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tan Kan Ku
- Institute of Health and Management, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Liza Devar
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Management, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pratitha Pratitha
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Management, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Priya Kannan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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