Sacubitril/valsartan as add-on to standard therapy in patients with heart failure: A randomized controlled trial

doi:10.5493/wjem.v15.i4.111542

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Dec 20, 2025 (publication date) through Dec 19, 2025

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine

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2220-315x

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Randomized Controlled Trial

World J Exp Med. Dec 20, 2025; 15(4): 111542
Published online Dec 20, 2025. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v15.i4.111542

Table 1 Comparison of baseline demographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics of the two study groups, n (%)

Characteristic	Group A (n = 25)	Group B (n = 25)	P value
Age (years) (mean ± SD)	49.48 ± 5.83	52.12 ± 4.28	0.07
Male	20 (80)	20 (80)	> 0.99
Body mass index (kg/m²) (mean ± SD)	25.57 ± 5.59	23.86 ± 4.75	0.25
Cardiovascular disease risk factors and disease characteristics
Smoking	16 (64)	21(84)	0.20^a
Alcohol	13 (52)	11 (44)	0.78
Oedema	05 (20)	10 (40)	0.22
Dyspnea on exertion	18 (72)	18 (72)	> 0.99
Orthopnea	13 (52)	17 (68)	0.39
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea	01 (04)	08 (32)	0.02^a
Medical history
Diabetes mellitus	05 (20)	03 (12)	0.70
Hypertension	10 (40)	11 (44)	> 0.99
Myocardial infarction	05 (20)	04 (16)	0.35
Angina pectoris	01 (4)	02 (8)	> 0.99
Stroke	-	04 (16)	0.11
Percutaneous coronary intervention	03 (12)	03 (12)	> 0.99
Atrial fibrillation	-	01 (4)	> 0.99
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) (mean ± SD)	20 ± 9.35	27 ± 20	0.6
N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) (mean ± SD)	117.53 ± 38.49	97.37 ± 31.18	0.05
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/L) (mean ± SD)	6.25 ± 4.13	5.6436 ± 3.83	0.59

^aP < 0.05.

Full Size Table

Table 2 Biochemical parameters at 0 and 12 weeks in the two study groups

Parameter	Study group	0 week	12 weeks	P value
N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (pg/mL)	Group A	117.54 ± 38.50	81.63 ± 31.17	< 0.0001^a
N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (pg/mL)	Group B	97.37 ± 31.18	122.05 ± 42.96	0.0007^a
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (mg/L)	Group A	6.25 ± 4.14	3.38 ± 3.68	< 0.0001^a
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (mg/L)	Group B	5.64 ± 3.83	6.40 ± 3.76	0.0007^a

^aP < 0.05.

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Table 3 Score of various individual domains of World Health Organisation Quality of Life Questionnaire at baseline and 12 weeks in the two study groups

Domain	Group	0 week	12 weeks	P value
Physical	Group A	39.44 ± 11.32	54.40 ± 11.69	< 0.0001^a
Physical	Group B	37.44 ± 11.21	33.40 ± 11.87	0.0131^a
Psychological	Group A	32.80 ± 11.43	47.72 ± 9.34	< 0.0001^a
Psychological	Group B	33.48 ± 9.99	28.04 ± 12.56	0.0098^a
Social	Group A	33.16 ± 17.61	45.76 ± 14.02	< 0.0001^a
Social	Group B	40.28 ± 14.65	36.76 ± 15.81	0.075
Environmental	Group A	32.6 ± 14.24	45.68 ± 13.07	< 0.0001^a
Environmental	Group B	38.4 ± 13.26	33.08 ± 14.67	0.004^a

^aP < 0.05.

Full Size Table

Citation: Dhawan R, Mittal R, Kumar A, Laller KS, Gill PS, Rag A, Mittal N. Sacubitril/valsartan as add-on to standard therapy in patients with heart failure: A randomized controlled trial. World J Exp Med 2025; 15(4): 111542
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-315x/full/v15/i4/111542.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5493/wjem.v15.i4.111542