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Tuz AA, Ghosh S, Karsch L, Antler M, Lakovic V, Lohmann S, Lehmann AH, Beer A, Nagel D, Jung M, Hörenbaum N, Kaygusuz V, Qefalia A, Alshaar B, Amookazemi N, Bolsega S, Basic M, Siveke JT, Heiles S, Grüneboom A, Lueong S, Herz J, Sickmann A, Hagemann N, Hasenberg A, Hermann DM, Gunzer M, Singh V. Gut microbiota deficiency reduces neutrophil activation and is protective after ischemic stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2025; 22:137. [PMID: 40410847 PMCID: PMC12100894 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-025-03448-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2025] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 05/25/2025] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are readily activated immune cells after ischemic stroke in mice and patients. Still, the impact of gut microbiota on neutrophil activation and its influence on inflammatory brain injury remain undefined. We report that natural microbiota colonization of germ-free (GF) mice induces substantial neutrophil activation and deteriorates stroke pathology. The colonized Ex-GF stroke mice had considerably larger infarct sizes and higher sensorimotor deficits than GF littermates. Furthermore, employing an antibiotic-based mouse model of microbiota deficiency, we demonstrate that gut microbiota depletion induces a juvenile neutrophil phenotype characterized by the upregulation of resting state surface receptors, reduced inflammatory proteins, and levels of circulating NETs. This disarming of neutrophil responses was associated with decreased expression of brain inflammatory genes, vascular thrombus formation, reduced infarct size, and alleviated behavioral deficits. We conclude that gut microbes strongly influence neutrophil activation after stroke and thus directly contribute to stroke severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Tuz
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - E.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Susmita Ghosh
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - E.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Laura Karsch
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Medina Antler
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Vivian Lakovic
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Lohmann
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Amber Hope Lehmann
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Beer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Dennis Nagel
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Jung
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Nils Hörenbaum
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Viola Kaygusuz
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Altea Qefalia
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Belal Alshaar
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - E.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Niloufar Amookazemi
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Silvia Bolsega
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Lower-Saxony, Germany
| | - Marijana Basic
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Lower-Saxony, Germany
| | - Jens T Siveke
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, Partner Site Essen), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - E.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
- Lipidomics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Anika Grüneboom
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - E.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Smiths Lueong
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, Partner Site Essen), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Josephine Herz
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology and Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - E.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
- Medical Faculty of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany
| | - Nina Hagemann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Anja Hasenberg
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany.
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - E.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Vikramjeet Singh
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany.
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Lee J, Jin BR, Cho J. Spatiotemporal regulation of neutrophil heterogeneity in health and disease. Hum Mol Genet 2025:ddaf008. [PMID: 40287830 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaf008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in humans and are indispensable for innate immunity. They are short-lived, terminally differentiated cells. However, mounting evidence indicates that neutrophils are heterogeneous in health and disease: they are young or aged in a steady state, while their heterogeneity becomes more diverse in disease conditions, such as cancer, sepsis, and thromboinflammation. Although the presence of distinct neutrophil subsets is well recognized, it is not fully understood how neutrophils have functional and phenotypic heterogeneity and what mechanisms control it. This review will focus on our current understanding of the molecular basis for neutrophil heterogeneity in pathophysiological conditions. In addition, we will discuss the possibility of targeting a specific subset of neutrophils to attenuate inflammation and tissue damage without compromising innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingu Lee
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Bo-Ram Jin
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Jaehyung Cho
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
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Xu M, Zhai Q, Wei B, Chen S, E Y, Huang Z, Qi J, Xu Y. Higher Neutrophil-Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio Was Associated with Poor Outcome in Endovascular Thrombectomy Patients. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2025; 21:565-573. [PMID: 40308268 PMCID: PMC12042835 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s519263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2025] [Accepted: 04/18/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) is connected with all-cause mortality and stroke-related pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of NPAR in predicting functional outcomes at 90 days after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). Methods We retrospective analyzed consecutive patients who underwent EVT at Nanjing First Hospital from October 2019 to June 2024. NPAR was defined as the percentage of neutrophils divided by the albumin levels. An unfavorable outcome was indicated by a modified Rankin Scale score of 3-6 at 90 days. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to investigate the association between NPAR and functional outcomes after EVT treatment. Results A total of 713 patients (mean age, 70.5 ± 11.9 years; 430 males) were finally enrolled for analysis. Among these, 357 (50.1%) patients exhibited unfavorable outcomes at 90 days. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that elevated NPAR levels at admission were independently associated with poor outcome (adjusted odds ratio: 6.921; 95% confidence interval, 4.216-11.363; P=0.001) in ischemic stroke patients undergoing EVT. Furthermore, the restricted cubic spline observed a positive and nonlinear association between the NPAR and poor outcome at 90 days (P for linearity=0.001). Conclusion This study indicated that higher NPAR levels were associated an increased risk of poor outcome at 90 days in patients treated with EVT, suggesting that NPAR could serve as a viable prognostic biomarker for ischemic stroke after EVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxia Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhai
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuaiyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan E
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinwen Qi
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Xu W, Guo Y, Zhao L, Fu R, Qin X, Zhang Y, Cheng X, Xu S. The Aging Immune System: A Critical Attack on Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2025; 62:3322-3342. [PMID: 39271626 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke caused by cerebrovascular embolism is an age-related disease with high rates of disability and mortality. Although the mechanisms of immune and inflammatory development after stroke have been of great interest, most studies have neglected the critical and unavoidable factor of age. As the global aging trend intensifies, the number of stroke patients is constantly increasing, emphasizing the urgency of finding effective measures to address the needs of elderly stroke patients. The concept of "immunosenescence" appears to explain the worse stroke outcomes in older individuals. Immune remodeling due to aging involves dynamic changes at all levels of the immune system, and the overall consequences of central (brain-resident) and peripheral (non-brain-resident) immune cells in stroke vary according to the age of the individual. Lastly, the review outlines recent strategies aimed at immunosenescence to improve stroke prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Linna Zhao
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunsha Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueqi Cheng
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China.
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Li LM, Cai H. Neutrophil-related immune-inflammatory biomarkers influence the early progression of medial medullary infarction. Front Neurol 2025; 16:1528560. [PMID: 40078176 PMCID: PMC11896845 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1528560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Medial medullary infarction (MMI) is a rare type of posterior circulation stroke for which accurate prognostication remains a challenge because of the limited predictive ability of the current models. Blood-derived biomarkers may provide valuable insights that extend beyond established prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to identify rapid and accessible biomarkers for predicting the early progression of MMI. Methods Seventy patients with MMI and 83 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for this study. Among them, 20 patients were allocated to the early progression cohort, and 50 patients were assigned to the nonprogression cohort. The laboratory blood indices were subsequently compared across these different cohorts. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive values of blood-derived indicators. Results The white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, monocyte count, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, total cholesterol (TC) concentration, WBC-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (WHR), neutrophil-to-HDL-C ratio (NHR), monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio (MHR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were significantly greater in patients with MMI than in HCs (p < 0.05). The WBC count, neutrophil count, monocyte count, WHR, NHR, MHR, MLR, NLR and PLR were markedly higher in MMI patients with progression than in MMI patients without progression (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis revealed that the WBC count, neutrophil count, monocyte count, MLR, NLR, PLR, NHR, and WHR were significant predictors of early progression. However, among these factors, the WBC count (AUC = 0.854, p < 0.001), neutrophil count (AUC = 0.878, p < 0.001), NLR (AUC = 0.861, p < 0.001), and NHR (AUC = 0.848, p < 0.001) had the highest levels of accuracy for predicting early progression in patients with MMI. Conclusion The efficacy of the WBC count, neutrophil count, NLR and NHR is superior in predicting progression in patients with MMI. The current findings suggest that these indicators may serve as reliable, cost-effective, and innovative prognostic markers for MMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Cai
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Zhang F, Zhao D, Zhang J. Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for predicting poor outcomes following intravenous rt-PA in patients with acute ischemic stroke. PeerJ 2025; 13:e18937. [PMID: 40028217 PMCID: PMC11871902 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.18937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) within 4.5 h of symptom onset is a standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, certain patients continue to develop unfavorable outcomes despite timely rt-PA therapy. Identifying those at high risk is essential for developing individualized care plans and establishing appropriate follow-up. Methods This retrospective study included AIS patients treated with intravenous rt-PA at 0.9 mg/kg at our center. Outcomes at three months were evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Patients with mRS scores ≤2 were considered to have favorable outcomes, and those with scores >2 were considered to have poor outcomes. Univariable analysis and stepwise logistic regression were used to identify independent predictors of poor prognosis, and a nomogram was subsequently developed. The model's discriminative power was assessed with area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC-ROC), and its calibration was examined using calibration plots. Decision curves and clinical impact curves were applied to determine clinical utility. Results Among 392 enrolled patients, 77 had poor outcomes three months after rt-PA therapy. Fibrinogen (Fg), baseline NIHSS, and a history of hypertension emerged as independent predictors of poor prognosis. The nomogram achieved an AUC of 0.948 (95% CI [0.910-0.985]), with sensitivity of 0.900 and specificity of 0.916 in the training dataset, and an AUC of 0.959 (95% CI [0.907-1.000]), with sensitivity of 0.943 and specificity of 0.947 in the validation dataset. Calibration plots demonstrated close agreement between predicted and observed probabilities, and decision curves indicated a wide range of net benefit threshold probabilities. Conclusions This nomogram, incorporating baseline NIHSS, Fg, and a history of hypertension, accurately predicts poor three-month outcomes in AIS patients treated with intravenous rt-PA. Its ease of use may facilitate early risk stratification and assist clinicians in formulating more targeted management strategies and follow-up protocols for patients likely to experience unfavorable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin NanKai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin NanKai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin NanKai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Fu X, Shi X, Yin R, Xing C, Ma A. The association between variation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and post-thrombolysis early neurological outcomes in patients with stroke of different TOAST classification. Sci Rep 2025; 15:6517. [PMID: 39987236 PMCID: PMC11846934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-91334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 02/24/2025] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can predict short-term and long-term outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. However, the relationship of the variation of NLR (ΔNLR) with hemorrhage transformation (HT) and early neurological improvement (ENI) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ΔNLR on HT and ENI at 24 h post-IVT and its association with different TOAST classifications. AIS patients undergoing IVT between October 2021 and October 2023 were enrolled and classified by TOAST criteria. Patients were grouped based on the presence or absence of HT and ENI. Our study demonstrated that both HT and ENI were associated with ΔNLR, which was an independent influencing factor for HT and ENI following IVT. Specifically, the ΔNLR in the small artery occlusion (SAO) group was higher than that in the minor stroke of large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) subtype. Thus, ΔNLR may serve as a useful biomarker to assist in diagnosis and monitor the outcomes of thrombolytic therapy in AIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Fu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xinyan Shi
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Ruihua Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Chengfeng Xing
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Aijun Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Zhang X, Wang X, Ma T, Gong W, Zhang Y, Wang N. Development and validation of a nomogram for cerebral hemorrhage in patients with carotid stenosis undergoing stenting: a multicenter retrospective study. J Neurointerv Surg 2025:jnis-2024-022022. [PMID: 39084858 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2024-022022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperperfusion-induced cerebral hemorrhage (HICH) is a rare but severe complication in patients with carotid stenosis undergoing stent placement for which predictive models are lacking. Our objective was to develop a nomogram to predict such risk. METHODS We included a total of 1226 patients with carotid stenosis who underwent stenting between June 2015 and December 2022 from three medical centers, divided into a development cohort of 883 patients and a validation cohort of 343 patients. The model used LASSO regression for feature optimization and multivariable logistic regression to develop the predictive model. Model accuracy was assessed via the receiver operating characteristic curve, with further evaluation of calibration and clinical utility through calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA). The model underwent internal validation using bootstrapping and external validation with the validation cohort. RESULTS Older age (OR 1.07, p=0.005), higher degrees of carotid stenosis (OR 1.07, p=0.006), poor collateral circulation (OR 6.26, p<0.001), elevated preoperative triglyceride levels (OR 1.27, p=0.041) and neutrophil counts (OR 1.36, p<0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for HICH during hospitalization. The nomogram constructed based on these predictive factors demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.817. The AUCs for internal and external validation were 0.809 and 0.783, respectively. Calibration curves indicated good model fit, and DCA confirmed substantial clinical net benefit in both cohorts. CONCLUSION We developed and validated a nomogram to predict HICH in patients with carotid stenosis post-stenting, facilitating early identification and preventive intervention in high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Hiser Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wentao Gong
- Department of Neurointervention, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Naidong Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Liu M, Yang P, Gou Y, Chen Q, Xu D. Nomogram prediction model for length of hospital stay following laparoscopic appendectomy in pediatric patients: a retrospective study. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1441263. [PMID: 39735250 PMCID: PMC11671485 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1441263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this research was to develop and internally validate a nomogram for forecasting the length of hospital stay following laparoscopic appendectomy in pediatric patients diagnosed with appendicitis. Methods We developed a prediction model based on a training dataset of 415 pediatric patients with appendicitis, and hospitalization data were collected retrospectively from January 2021 and December 2022. The primary outcome measure in this study was hospital length of stay (LOS), with prolonged LOS defined as admission for a duration equal to or exceeding the 75th percentile of LOS, including the discharge day. Risk factor analysis was conducted through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Based on the regression coefficients, a nomogram prediction model was developed. The discriminative performance of the predicting model was evaluated using the C-index, and an adjusted C-index was computed through bootstrapping validation. Calibration curves were generated to assess the accuracy of the nomogram. Decision curve analysis was conducted to determine the clinical utility of the predicting model. Results Predictors contained in the prediction nomogram included Age, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein level, operative time, appendiceal fecalith, and drainage tube. The C-index of the prediction nomogram was determined to be 0.873 (95% CI: 0.838-0.908), with a corrected C-index of 0.8625 obtained through bootstrapping validation (1,000 resamples), indicating the model's favorable discrimination. Calibration curves illustrated a strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes. According to the decision curve analysis of the nomogram, the predictive model demonstrates a net benefit at threshold probabilities exceeding 2%. Conclusion This nomogram, incorporating variables such as Age, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein level, operative time, appendiceal fecalith, and drainage tube, offers a convenient method for assessing the duration of hospitalization in pediatric patients with appendicitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
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Li Q, Ye J, Li Z, Xiao Q, Tan S, Hu B, Jin H. The role of neutrophils in tPA thrombolysis after stroke: a malicious troublemaker. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1477669. [PMID: 39606238 PMCID: PMC11598929 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1477669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke represents a critical, life-threatening condition affecting the central nervous system. Intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) remains a cornerstone for achieving vascular recanalization in such patients; however, its therapeutic utility is limited, with only approximately 10% of patients benefiting due to the narrow therapeutic window and significant risk of hemorrhagic transformation. Enhancing the efficacy of tPA thrombolysis is therefore imperative. Neutrophils have been identified as key modulators of thrombolytic outcomes, interacting with tPA post-stroke to influence treatment effectiveness. The binding of tPA to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1) on neutrophil surfaces induces degranulation and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Conversely, neutrophils impede the thrombolytic action of tPA by obstructing its interaction with fibrin and activating platelets. These findings suggest that targeting neutrophils may hold promise for improving thrombolysis outcomes. This review explores the role of neutrophils in tPA-mediated thrombolysis following acute ischemic stroke, examines neutrophil-associated biomarkers, and outlines potential strategies for enhancing tPA efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of
Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijuan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of
Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chaiwisitkun A, Muengtaweepongsa S. Platelet-to-neutrophil ratio predicts hemorrhagic transformation and unfavorable outcomes in acute ischemic stroke with intravenous thrombolysis. World J Exp Med 2024; 14:95540. [PMID: 39312695 PMCID: PMC11372743 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v14.i3.95540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) retains a notable stance in global disease burden, with thrombolysis via recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) serving as a viable management approach, albeit with variable outcomes and the potential for complications like hemorrhagic transformation (HT). The platelet-to-neutrophil ratio (P/NR) has been considered for its potential prognostic value in AIS, yet its capacity to predict outcomes following rtPA administration demands further exploration. AIM To elucidate the prognostic utility of P/NR in predicting HT and clinical outcomes following intravenous rtPA administration in AIS patients. METHODS Data from 418 AIS patients treated with intravenous rtPA at Thammasat University Hospital from January 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between P/NR and clinical outcomes [early neurological deterioration (E-ND), HT, delayed ND (D-ND), and 3-mo outcomes] was scrutinized. RESULTS Notable variables, such as age, diabetes, and stroke history, exhibited statistical disparities when comparing patients with and without E-ND, HT, D-ND, and 3-mo outcomes. P/NR prognostication revealed an optimal cutoff of 43.4 with a 60.3% sensitivity and a 52.5% specificity for 90-d outcomes. P/NR prognostic accuracy was statistically significant for 90-d outcomes [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.562], D-ND (AUC = 0.584), and HT (AUC = 0.607). CONCLUSION P/NR demonstrated an association with adverse 3-mo clinical outcomes, HT, and D-ND in AIS patients post-rtPA administration, indicating its potential as a predictive tool for complications and prognoses. This infers that a diminished P/NR may serve as a novel prognostic indicator, assisting clinicians in identifying AIS patients at elevated risk for unfavorable outcomes following rtPA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausanee Chaiwisitkun
- Center of Excellence in Stroke, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klonglaung 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sombat Muengtaweepongsa
- Center of Excellence in Stroke, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klonglaung 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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12
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Doche E, Sulowski C, Guigonis JM, Graslin F, Casolla B, Hak JF, Carle X, Brunel H, Lindenthal S, Martin JC, Pourcher T, Suissa L. How Clot Composition Influences Fibrinolysis in the Acute Phase of Stroke: A Proteomic Study of Cerebral Thrombi. Stroke 2024; 55:1818-1829. [PMID: 38771990 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.124.047156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dramatic clinical improvement offered by mechanical thrombectomy raised questions about the relevance of prior intravenous thrombolysis in large-vessel occlusion strokes. Hence, studying intravenous thrombolysis susceptibility and its dependence on thrombus composition is crucial. We used an observational proteomic study of whole thrombi retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy to identify factors associated with fibrin content and fibrinolytic activity (FA). METHODS In 104 stroke patients, the thrombi proteome was established by mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography. FA was estimated in clots both outside (FAout) by measuring D-dimer levels at the blood-thrombus interface and inside (FAin) by evaluating the ratio of fibrinogen α to its plasmin-cleaved forms using proteomics coupled with protein electrophoresis. The factors associated with fibrin content, FAin, and FAout were determined by intravenous thrombolysis-adjusted linear regression. RESULTS FAout (P<0.0001) and FAin (P=0.0147) were driven by recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA) administration (47/104) and thrombus composition. Indeed, FAout was greater with fibrin-rich than erythrocyte-rich thrombi, presumably because of more (r)tPA substrates. Thus, FAout was increased with cardioembolic thrombi (72/104), which are rich in fibrin (P=0.0300). Opposite results were found inside the thrombus, suggesting that (r)tPA penetrability was hampered by the density of the fibrinous cap. Moreover, blood cells had a strong impact on thrombus structure and susceptibility to (r)tPA. Indeed, fibrin content was negatively associated with erythrocyte-specific proteins in the thrombus, admission hematocrit (P=0.0139), and hemoglobin level (P=0.0080), which underlines the key role of erythrocytes in thrombus composition. Also, an increased number of neutrophils impaired FAout (P=0.0225), which suggests that their aggregation around the thrombus prevented the (r)tPA attack. Only FAout was significantly associated with reduced thrombus weight (P=0.0310), increased recanalization rate (P=0.0150), good clinical outcome (P=0.0480), and reduced mortality (P=0.0080). CONCLUSIONS Proteomics can offer new insights into the close relationship between thrombus composition and susceptibility to fibrinolysis, paving the way for new adjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Doche
- Stroke Unit, University Hospital La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France (E.D., C.S., L.S.)
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Marseille, France (E.D., C.S., J.-C.M., L.S.)
| | - Constance Sulowski
- Stroke Unit, University Hospital La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France (E.D., C.S., L.S.)
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Marseille, France (E.D., C.S., J.-C.M., L.S.)
| | - Jean-Marie Guigonis
- Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Université Côte d'Azur, School of Medicine, Nice, France (J.-M.G., F.G., S.L., T.P.)
| | - Fanny Graslin
- Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Université Côte d'Azur, School of Medicine, Nice, France (J.-M.G., F.G., S.L., T.P.)
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France (F.G.)
| | | | - Jean-François Hak
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France (J.-F.H., X.C., H.B.)
| | - Xavier Carle
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France (J.-F.H., X.C., H.B.)
| | - Hervé Brunel
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France (J.-F.H., X.C., H.B.)
| | - Sabine Lindenthal
- Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Université Côte d'Azur, School of Medicine, Nice, France (J.-M.G., F.G., S.L., T.P.)
| | - Jean-Charles Martin
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Marseille, France (E.D., C.S., J.-C.M., L.S.)
| | - Thierry Pourcher
- Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Université Côte d'Azur, School of Medicine, Nice, France (J.-M.G., F.G., S.L., T.P.)
| | - Laurent Suissa
- Stroke Unit, University Hospital La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France (E.D., C.S., L.S.)
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Marseille, France (E.D., C.S., J.-C.M., L.S.)
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13
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Huang B, Chen A, Sun Y, He Q. The Role of Aging in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Brain Sci 2024; 14:613. [PMID: 38928613 PMCID: PMC11201415 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the cerebrovascular disease with the highest disability and mortality rates, causing severe damage to the health of patients and imposing a significant socioeconomic burden. Aging stands as a foremost risk factor for ICH, with a significant escalation in ICH incidence within the elderly demographic, highlighting a close association between ICH and aging. In recent years, with the acceleration of the "aging society" trend, exploring the intricate relationship between aging and ICH has become increasingly urgent and worthy of in-depth attention. We have summarized the characteristics of ICH in the elderly, reviewing how aging influences the onset and development of ICH by examining its etiology and the mechanisms of damage via ICH. Additionally, we explored the potential impacts of ICH on accelerated aging, including its effects on cognitive abilities, quality of life, and lifespan. This review aims to reveal the connection between aging and ICH, providing new ideas and insights for future ICH research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Quanwei He
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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14
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Cheng Y, Zhu H, Liu C, Li L, Lin F, Guo Y, Gu C, Sun D, Gao Y, He G, Sun S, Xue S. Systemic immune-inflammation index upon admission correlates to post-stroke cognitive impairment in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:8810-8821. [PMID: 38771141 PMCID: PMC11164514 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the association of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), with PSCI in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS First-onset AIS patients were consecutively included from January 1, 2022 to March 1, 2023. The baseline information was collected at admission. Fasting blood was drawn the next morning. Cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 3 months after onset. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the correlation between SII, SIRI, and PSCI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was conducted to evaluate the predictive ability of SII. RESULTS 332 participants were recruited, and 193 developed PSCI. Compared with patients without PSCI, the patients with PSCI had higher SII (587.75 (337.42, 988.95) vs. 345.66 (248.44, 572.89), P<0.001) and SIRI (1.59 (0.95, 2.84) vs. 1.02 (0.63, 1.55), P=0.007). SII and SIRI negatively correlated with MoCA scores (both P<0.05). The multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that SII was independently associated with PSCI (P<0.001), while SIRI was not. The optimal cutoff for SII to predict PSCI was 676.83×109/L. CONCLUSIONS A higher level of SII upon admission was independently correlated to PSCI three months later in AIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honghong Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changxia Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangjia Lin
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cong Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dingming Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guojun He
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shifu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shouru Xue
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Chen Q, Wu M, Tang Q, Yan P, Zhu L. Age-Related Alterations in Immune Function and Inflammation: Focus on Ischemic Stroke. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1046-1074. [PMID: 37728582 PMCID: PMC11081165 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging of the global population poses significant scientific challenges. Moreover, the biological process of aging is the most significant risk factor for most chronic illnesses; therefore, understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these aging-related challenges is crucial for extending the healthy lifespan of older individuals. Preventing brain aging remains a priority public health goal, and integrative and comprehensive aging analyses have revealed that immunosenescence is a potential cause of age-related brain damage and disease (e.g., stroke). Importantly, the neuroinflammatory and immune systems present two-way contact and thus can affect each other. Emerging evidence supports the numerous effects of immunosenescence- and inflammation-mediated immunity in neurologically injured brains. In this study, we briefly outline how aging alters the pathophysiology and transcriptional amplitude in patients who experienced stroke and then discuss how the immune system and its cellular components and molecular mechanisms are affected by age after stroke. Finally, we highlight emerging interventions with the potential to slow down or reduce aging and prevent stroke onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Minmin Wu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Peiyu Yan
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Luwen Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
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16
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Arsava EM, Gungor L, Sirin H, Sorgun MH, Aykac O, Batur Caglayan HZ, Kozak HH, Ozturk S, Topcuoglu MA. Muscle mass as a modifier of stress response in acute ischemic stroke patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10088. [PMID: 38698153 PMCID: PMC11066052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke triggers a systemic inflammatory response over the ensuing days after the cerebral insult. The age and comorbidities of the stroke population make them a vulnerable population for low muscle mass and sarcopenia, the latter being another clinical condition that is closely associated with inflammation, as shown by increased levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). In this study, we evaluated the relationship between post-stroke NLR changes and muscle mass in a prospective cohort of acute ischemic stroke patients (n = 102) enrolled in the Muscle Assessment in Stroke Study Turkey (MASS-TR). Admission lumbar computed tomography images were used to determine the cross-sectional muscle area of skeletal muscles at L3 vertebra level and calculate the skeletal muscle index (SMI). The median (IQR) SMI was 44.7 (39.1-52.5) cm2/m2, and the NLR at admission and follow-up were 4.2 (3.0-10.5) and 9.4 (5.7-16.2), respectively. While there was no relationship between SMI and admission NLR, a significant inverse correlation was observed between SMI and follow-up NLR (r = - 0.26; P = 0.007). Lower SMI remained significantly associated (P = 0.036) with higher follow-up NLR levels in multivariate analysis. Our findings highlight the importance of muscle mass as a novel factor related to the level of post-stroke stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethem Murat Arsava
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Levent Gungor
- Department of Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hadiye Sirin
- Department of Neurology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Ozlem Aykac
- Department of Neurology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Mehmet Akif Topcuoglu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Nowaczewska-Kuchta A, Ksiazek-Winiarek D, Szpakowski P, Glabinski A. The Role of Neutrophils in Multiple Sclerosis and Ischemic Stroke. Brain Sci 2024; 14:423. [PMID: 38790402 PMCID: PMC11118671 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in numerous central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Its role is ambiguous-it can induce detrimental effects, as well as repair and recovery. In response to injury or infection, resident CNS cells secrete numerous factors that alter blood-brain barrier (BBB) function and recruit immune cells into the brain, like neutrophils. Their role in the pathophysiology of CNS diseases, like multiple sclerosis (MS) and stroke, is highly recognized. Neutrophils alter BBB permeability and attract other immune cells into the CNS. Previously, neutrophils were considered a homogenous population. Nowadays, it is known that various subtypes of these cells exist, which reveal proinflammatory or immunosuppressive functions. The primary goal of this review was to discuss the current knowledge regarding the important role of neutrophils in MS and stroke development and progression. As the pathogenesis of these two disorders is completely different, it gives the opportunity to get insight into diverse mechanisms of neutrophil involvement in brain pathology. Our understanding of the role of neutrophils in CNS diseases is still evolving as new aspects of their activity are being unraveled. Neutrophil plasticity adds another level to their functional complexity and their importance for CNS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrzej Glabinski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (A.N.-K.); (D.K.-W.); (P.S.)
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18
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Yang S, Tan B, Lin J, Wang X, Fu C, Wang K, Qian J, Liu J, Xian J, Tan L, Feng H, Chen Y, Wang L. Monitoring of Perioperative Microcirculation Dysfunction by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Neurological Deterioration and Prognosis of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Observational, Longitudinal Cohort Study. Neurol Ther 2024; 13:475-495. [PMID: 38367176 PMCID: PMC10951157 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-024-00585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION No evidence has established a direct causal relationship between early microcirculation disturbance after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and neurological function prognosis, which is the key pathophysiological mechanism of early brain injury (EBI) in patients with aSAH. METHODS A total of 252 patients with aSAH were enrolled in the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit of Southwest Hospital between January 2020 and December 2022 and divided into the no neurological deterioration, early neurological deterioration, and delayed neurological deterioration groups. Indicators of microcirculation disorders in EBI included regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), brain oxygen monitoring, and other clinical parameters for evaluating neurological function and determining the prognosis of patients with aSAH. RESULTS Our data suggest that the rSO2 is generally lower in patients who develop neurological deterioration than in those who do not and that there is at least one time point in the population of patients who develop neurological deterioration where left and right cerebral hemisphere differences can be significantly monitored by NIRS. An unordered multiple-classification logistic regression model was constructed, and the results revealed that multiple factors were effective predictors of early neurological deterioration: reoperation, history of brain surgery, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade 4-5, Fisher grade 3-4, SAFIRE grade 3-5, abnormal serum sodium and potassium levels, and reduced rSO2 during the perioperative period. However, for delayed neurological deterioration in patients with aSAH, only a history of brain surgery and perioperative RBC count were predictive indicators. CONCLUSIONS The rSO2 concentration in patients with neurological deterioration is generally lower than that in patients without neurological deterioration, and at least one time point in the population with neurological deterioration can be significantly monitored via NIRS. However, further studies are needed to determine the role of microcirculation and other predictive factors in the neurocritical management of EBI after aSAH, as these factors can reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes and mortality during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyan Yang
- School of Nursing, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Binbin Tan
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 943 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Wuwei, 733099, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Congying Fu
- School of Nursing, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Kaishan Wang
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jinyu Qian
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jishu Xian
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liang Tan
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Lihua Wang
- Hospital Administration Office, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Shin KW, Choi S, Oh H, Hwang SY, Park HP. A High Immediate Postoperative Neutrophil-to-Albumin Ratio is Associated With Unfavorable Clinical Outcomes at Hospital Discharge in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2024; 36:142-149. [PMID: 36791399 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We evaluated the relationship between postoperative neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) and unfavorable clinical outcomes (modified Rankin score ≥ 3) at hospital discharge in aSAH patients. METHODS Five hundred sixty aSAH patients undergoing surgical or endovascular treatment were included in this retrospective study. Patients were initially allocated to high (n=247) or low (n=313) postoperative NAR groups based on the immediate postoperative NAR cutoff value identified by receiver operating characteristic analysis, and then further subclassified into 4 groups: HH (high pre- and high postoperative NAR, n=156), LH (low preoperative and high postoperative NAR, n=91), HL (high preoperative and low postoperative NAR, n=68), and low pre- and low postoperative NAR (n=245). RESULTS Optimum cutoff values of immediate postoperative and preoperative NAR were 2.45 and 2.09, respectively. Unfavorable clinical outcomes were more frequent in patients with high compared with low postoperative NAR (45.3% vs. 13.4%; P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, postoperative NAR was a significant predictor of unfavorable clinical outcomes (odds ratio, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.42-3.10; P < 0.001). Unfavorable clinical outcomes were less frequent in group low pre- and low postoperative NAR than in groups HH, LH, and HL (9.4% vs. 44.9%, 46.2% and 27.9%, respectively; all P < 0.001) and also in Group HL compared with groups HH and LH ( P =0.026 and P =0.030); clinical outcomes did not differ between Groups HH and LH. CONCLUSIONS A high immediate postoperative NAR was associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes at hospital discharge in aSAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Won Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Maïer B, Di Meglio L, Desilles JP, Solo Nomenjanahary M, Delvoye F, Kyheng M, Boursin P, Ollivier V, Dupont S, Rambaud T, Hamdani M, Labreuche J, Blanc R, Piotin M, Halimi JM, Mazighi M, Ho-Tin-Noe B. Neutrophil activation in patients treated with endovascular therapy is associated with unfavorable outcomes and mitigated by intravenous thrombolysis. J Neurointerv Surg 2024; 16:131-137. [PMID: 37068937 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2022-020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicates that neutrophil activation (NA) contributes to microvascular thromboinflammation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to a large vessel occlusion. Preclinical data have suggested that intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before endovascular therapy (EVT) could dampen microvascular thromboinflammation. In this study we investigated the association between NA dynamics and stroke outcome, and the impact of IVT on NA in patients with AIS treated with EVT. METHODS A single-center prospective study was carried out, including patients treated with EVT for whom three blood samples (before, within 1 hour, 24 hours post-EVT) were drawn to measure plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentration as a marker of NA. Unfavorable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin score of 3-6 at 3 months. RESULTS Between 2016 and 2020, 179 patients were included. The plasma MPO concentration peaked significantly 1 hour post-EVT (median increase 21.0 ng/mL (IQR -2.1-150)) and returned to pre-EVT baseline values 24 hours after EVT (median change from baseline -0.8 ng/mL (IQR -7.6-6.7)). This peak was strongly associated with unfavorable outcomes at 3 months (aOR 0.53 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.84), P=0.007). IVT before EVT abolished this 1 hour post-EVT MPO peak. Changes in plasma MPO concentration (baseline to 1 hour post-EVT) were associated with unfavorable outcomes only in patients not treated with IVT before EVT (aOR 0.54 (95% CI 0.33 to 0.88, P=0.013). However, we found no significant heterogeneity in the associations between changes in plasma MPO concentration and outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A peak in plasma MPO concentration occurs early after EVT and is associated with unfavorable outcomes. IVT abolished the post-EVT MPO peak and may modulate the association between NA and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Maïer
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
- Neurology Department, Hôpital Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
- FHU NeuroVasc, Paris, France
| | - Lucas Di Meglio
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Desilles
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
- FHU NeuroVasc, Paris, France
| | - Mialitiana Solo Nomenjanahary
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - François Delvoye
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Maeva Kyheng
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Perrine Boursin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Dupont
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Rambaud
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Mylène Hamdani
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Raphaël Blanc
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Michel Piotin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Halimi
- Nephrology Department, Tours Hospital, Tours, France
- EA4245-Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mikaël Mazighi
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
- FHU NeuroVasc, Paris, France
- Department of Neurology, Lariboisiere Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Ho-Tin-Noe
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
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21
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Cáceda-Samamé RF, Vela-Salazar MR, Alejandro-Salinas R, Llamo-Vilcherrez AP, Toro-Huamanchumo CJ. Prognostic performance of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio for mortality in patients with acute stroke. HIPERTENSION Y RIESGO VASCULAR 2024; 41:26-34. [PMID: 38395685 DOI: 10.1016/j.hipert.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic performance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for mortality in patients with acute stroke treated at a Peruvian hospital. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS Patients aged ≥18 years with a diagnosis of acute stroke and admitted to the hospital from May 2019 to June 2021. INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTERESTS Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mortality. RESULTS A total of 165 patients were included. The mean age was 66.1±14.2 years, and 59.4% were male. Only NLR had a performance superior to 0.7 (AUC: 0.75; 95%CI: 0.65-0.85), and its elevated levels were associated with an increased risk of mortality (aRR: 3.66; 95%CI: 1.77-8.85) after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio has an acceptable prognostic performance for mortality in patients with acute stroke. Its use may be considered to stratify patients' risk and to consider timely alternative care and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Cáceda-Samamé
- School of Medicine, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru
| | - M R Vela-Salazar
- School of Medicine, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru
| | | | - A P Llamo-Vilcherrez
- Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - C J Toro-Huamanchumo
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru; OBEMET Centro de Obesidad y Salud Metabólica, Lima, Peru.
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22
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Li R, Yin Y, Cai X, Zhu Y, Feng S, Sun J, Tao C, Xu P, Wang L, Song J, Zhou Q, Liu W, Hu W. Effect of routine inflammatory markers on clinical outcomes in acute basilar artery occlusion after endovascular thrombectomy: Results from ATTENTION registry. Int J Stroke 2023; 18:976-985. [PMID: 37154610 DOI: 10.1177/17474930231176948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the relationship between clinical routine inflammatory markers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets with clinical outcomes in acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) patients receiving endovascular treatment (EVT). METHODS We recruited 2134 acute BAO patients from 48 stroke centers across 22 Chinese provinces in the ATTENTION registry from 2017 to 2021. Blood samples were drawn at admission. An unfavorable functional outcome was defined using a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) of 4-6 at 90 days. Safety outcomes included mortality within 90 days and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage within 3 days. RESULTS A total of 1044 patients were included in the final study. After adjusting for confounding factors, the upper quartiles of WBC and NLR were related to 90-day unfavorable functional outcome (mRS = 4-6) compared with those in the lowest quartile (WBC: quartile 4, odds ratio (OR) = 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.22-2.80; NLR: quartile 4, OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.34-3.06). The higher quartiles of WBC and NLR were also related to the increased risk of mortality at 90 days. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed an incremental trend between NLR and 90-day unfavorable functional outcome (Pnonlinearity = 0.055). In subgroup analysis, a significant interaction was found between NLR and bridging therapy for predicting unfavorable functional outcome (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Higher WBC and NLR on admission are significantly related to unfavorable functional outcome and mortality at 90 days in acute BAO patients receiving EVT. Significant interaction was found between increased NLR and bridging therapy on these outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yamei Yin
- Department of Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueli Cai
- Department of Neurology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Yuyou Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shuo Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chunrong Tao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jianlong Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Min JH, Sohn SY, Lee SY, Seo SH, Kim SY, Park B, Kim SI, Joo IS. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is an independent predictor for neurological disability in patients with idiopathic transverse myelitis. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:336. [PMID: 37749508 PMCID: PMC10518920 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been found to be useful in the prognostication of immune-mediated neurological disorders because it roughly reflects the systemic innate immune response compared to the adaptive immune response. However, studies on the validity of NLR in demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system have shown conflicting results. Therefore, we aimed to investigate NLR in the idiopathic transverse myelitis (ITM) cohort. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the cohort data of patients with ITM between January 2006 and February 2020. The medical data of all patients with myelitis were reviewed to exclude patients with disease-associated myelopathy according to predefined exclusion criteria. The relationship between the natural log-transformed NLR (lnNLR) and the clinical, paraclinical, and imaging data was evaluated. Factors associated with neurological disability were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. Predictive factors for moderate-to-severe neurological disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score ≥ 4) were investigated. RESULTS A total of 124 participants were included in the analysis. The lnNLR correlated with EDSS and lesion length. Linear mixed-effects analysis showed that age, lesion length, and lnNLR were independently associated with neurological disabilities. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that lnNLR (odds ratio [OR] = 4.266, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.220-14.912, p = 0.023) and lesion length (OR = 1.848, 95% CI = 1.249-2.734, p = 0.002) were independent predictive factors of the worst neurological disability. CONCLUSION NLR may be used as an independent prognostic factor for predicting poor neurological outcomes in patients with ITM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je Hong Min
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yeon Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Lee
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Seo
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Yeop Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumhee Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Office of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Il Kim
- Office of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Soo Joo
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Wu Q, Chen H. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and its changes predict the 3-month outcome and mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3162. [PMID: 37469299 PMCID: PMC10498063 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been demonstrated as a prognostic inflammatory biomarker in ischemic stroke. The study aimed to investigate the association of NLR and its dynamic change with long-term outcome and mortality in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). METHODS From a prospective cohort, AIS patients receiving IVT (alteplase, 0.9 mg/kg) with complete NLR data were retrospectively screened. Based on 3-month modified Rankin scale score (mRS), patients were classified into good group (mRS 0-1) and poor outcome group (mRS 2-6), or survival group (mRS 0-5) and death group (mRS 6). Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating curve were used to identify prognostic factors and their predictive powers. RESULTS A total of 259 eligible patients were enrolled in our study. Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR at 24 h (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.182), 12 days (aOR 1.218) after IVT was independent predictors of 3-month outcome with the AUC of 0.815, 0.820, respectively, whereas NLR at 24 h (aOR 1.17), 12 days (aOR 1.252) after IVT and percentage changes of NLR between admission and 24 h after IVT (aOR 1.214), and between admission and 12 days after IVT (aOR 1.233) were independent predictors of 3-month mortality with the AUCs of 0.86, 0.902, 0.814, and 0.855, respectively. CONCLUSION The comprehensive report suggests that NLR and its dynamic changes are associated with 3-month outcome and mortality in AIS patients after IVT with good predictive powers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Graduate CollegeLiaoning University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShenyangChina
- Department of NeurologyGeneral Hospital of Northern Theater CommandShenyangChina
| | - Hui‐Sheng Chen
- Department of NeurologyGeneral Hospital of Northern Theater CommandShenyangChina
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25
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Deng Q, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhou F, Yuan Z, Wang X, Gao J, Yang P, Zhang Y, Xing P, Li Z, Hong B, Han H, Shi H, Shi H, Liu J. Effect of Time Window on Endovascular Thrombectomy with or without Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Results from DIRECT-MT. Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 53:176-183. [PMID: 37598670 DOI: 10.1159/000533231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whether time window affects the intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) effect before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is uncertain. We aimed to investigate the effect of different time windows (0-3 h and >3-4.5 h from stroke onset to randomization) on clinical outcomes of EVT with or without IVT in a subgroup analysis of DIRECT-MT. METHODS The primary outcome was the 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) according to time window. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the effect of different treatments (EVT with or without IVT) on outcomes within 0-3 h or >3-4.5 h. RESULTS Among 656 patients who were included in the analysis, 282 (43.0%) were randomized within >3-4.5 h after stroke onset (125 without IVT and 157 with IVT), and 374 (57.0%) were randomized within 0-3 h (202 without IVT and 172 with IVT). We noted no significant difference in the thrombectomy-alone effect between the time window subgroups according to 90-day ordinal mRS (adjusted common odds ratio [acOR] in patients within 0-3 h: 1.06 [95% CI: 0.73-1.52], acOR in patients within >3-4.5 h: 1.19 [95% CI: 0.78-1.82]) and 90-day functional independence. Thrombectomy alone resulted in an increased proportion of patients with 90-day mRS 0-3 treated within >3-4.5 h (62.90 vs. 48.72%) but not within 0-3 h (65.84 vs. 63.95%). However, there was no interaction effect regarding all outcomes after the Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSIONS Our results did not support thrombectomy-alone administration within 3-4.5 h in patients with acute ischemic stroke from large-vessel occlusion in the subgroup analysis of DIRECT-MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Naval Medical University Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhua Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xixi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Naval Medical University Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongwei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Naval Medical University Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Xing
- Department of Neurology, Naval Medical University Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zifu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Naval Medical University Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Naval Medical University Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxing Han
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital of Qingdao University, Linyi, China
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongchao Shi
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Naval Medical University Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Dhanesha N, Ansari J, Pandey N, Kaur H, Virk C, Stokes KY. Poststroke venous thromboembolism and neutrophil activation: an illustrated review. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100170. [PMID: 37274177 PMCID: PMC10236222 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with acute ischemic stroke are at a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), estimated to affect approximately 80,000 patients with stroke each year in the United States. The prevalence of symptomatic DVT after acute stroke is approximately 10%. VTE is associated with increased rates of in-hospital death and disability, with higher prevalence of in-hospital complications and increased 1-year mortality in patients with stroke. Current guidelines recommend the use of pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, thromboprophylaxis prevents only half of expected VTE events and is associated with high risk of bleeding, suggesting the need for targeted alternative treatments to reduce VTE risk in these patients. Neutrophils are among the first cells in blood to respond after ischemic stroke. Importantly, coordinated interactions among neutrophils, platelets, and endothelial cells contribute to the development of DVT. In case of stroke and other related immune disorders, such as antiphospholipid syndrome, neutrophils potentiate thrombus propagation through the formation of neutrophil-platelet aggregates, secreting inflammatory mediators, complement activation, releasing tissue factor, and producing neutrophil extracellular traps. In this illustrated review article, we present epidemiology and management of poststroke VTE, preclinical and clinical evidence of neutrophil hyperactivation in stroke, and mechanisms for neutrophil-mediated VTE in the context of stroke. Given the hyperactivation of circulating neutrophils in patients with stroke, we propose that a better understanding of molecular mechanisms leading to neutrophil activation may result in the development of novel therapeutics to reduce the risk of VTE in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirav Dhanesha
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, USA
| | - Junaid Ansari
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, USA
| | - Nilesh Pandey
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, USA
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, USA
| | - Chiranjiv Virk
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, USA
| | - Karen Y. Stokes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, USA
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Kim Y, Sohn JH, Kim C, Park SY, Lee SH. The Clinical Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for Predicting Hematoma Expansion and Poor Outcomes in Patients with Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12083004. [PMID: 37109337 PMCID: PMC10145379 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12083004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is little knowledge of the effect of inflammatory markers on the prognoses of hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). We evaluated the impact of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) on HE and worse outcomes after acute ICH. This study included 520 consecutive patients with ICH from the registry database enrolled over 80 months. Patients' whole blood samples were collected upon arrival in the emergency department. Brain computed tomography scans were performed during hospitalization and repeated at 24 h and 72 h. The primary outcome measure was HE, defined as relative growth >33% or absolute growth <6 mL. A total of 520 patients were enrolled in this study. Multivariate analysis showed that NLR and PLR were associated with HE (NLR: odds ratio [OR], [95% CI] = 1.19 [1.12-1.27], p < 0.001; PLR: OR, [95% CI] = 1.01 [1.00-1.02], p = 0.04). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that NLR and PLR could predict HE (AUC of NLR: 0.84, 95% CI [0.80-0.88], p < 0.001; AUC of PLR: 0.75 95% CI [0.70-0.80], p < 0.001). The cut-off value of NLR for predicting HE was 5.63, and that of PLR was 23.4. Higher NLR and PLR values increase HE risk in patients with ICH. NLR and PLR were reliable for predicting HE after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Kim
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Sohn
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulho Kim
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwa Lee
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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Li L, Han Z, Wang R, Fan J, Zheng Y, Huang Y, Yang Z, Yan F, Liu P, Zhao H, Ma Q, Luo Y. Association of admission neutrophil serine proteinases levels with the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke: a prospective cohort study. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:70. [PMID: 36906528 PMCID: PMC10007819 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02758-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil serine proteinases (NSPs), released by activated neutrophils, are key proteins involved in the pathophysiologic processes of stroke. NSPs are also implicated in the process and response of thrombolysis. This study aimed to analyze three NSPs (neutrophil elastase, cathepsin G, and proteinase 3) in relation to acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcomes and in relation to the outcomes of patients treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA). METHODS Among 736 patients prospectively recruited at the stroke center from 2018 to 2019, 342 patients diagnosed with confirmed AIS were included. Plasma neutrophil elastase (NE), cathepsin G (CTSG), and proteinase 3 (PR3) concentrations were measured on admission. The primary endpoint was unfavorable outcome defined as modified Rankin Scale score 3-6 at 3 months, and the secondary endpoints were symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) within 48 h, and mortality within 3 months. In the subgroup of patients who received IV-rtPA, post-thrombolysis early neurological improvement (ENI) (defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score = 0 or decrease of ≥ 4 within 24 h after thrombolysis) was also included as the secondary endpoint. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between NSPs levels and AIS outcomes. RESULTS Higher NE and PR3 plasma levels were associated with the 3-month mortality and 3-month unfavorable outcome. Higher NE plasma levels were also associated with the risk of sICH after AIS. After adjusting for potential confounders, plasma NE level > 229.56 ng/mL (odds ratio [OR] = 4.478 [2.344-8.554]) and PR3 > 388.77 ng/mL (OR = 2.805 [1.504-5.231]) independently predicted the 3-month unfavorable outcome. Regarding rtPA treatment, patients with NE plasma concentration > 177.22 ng/mL (OR = 8.931 [2.330-34.238]) or PR3 > 388.77 ng/mL (OR = 4.275 [1.045-17.491]) were over 4 times more likely to suffer unfavorable outcomes after rtPA treatment. The addition of NE and PR3 to clinical predictors of unfavorable functional outcome after AIS and the outcome after rtPA treatment improved discrimination as well as reclassification (integrated discrimination improvement = 8.2% and 18.1%, continuous net reclassification improvement = 100.0% and 91.8%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Plasma NE and PR3 are novel and independent predictors of 3-month functional outcomes after AIS. Plasma NE and PR3 also possess predictive value to identify patients with unfavorable outcomes after rtPA treatment. NE is probably an important mediator of the effects of neutrophils on stroke outcomes, which worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ziping Han
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junfen Fan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yuyou Huang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhong Yang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qingfeng Ma
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
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Xie J, Pang C, Yu H, Zhang W, Ren C, Deng B. Leukocyte indicators and variations predict worse outcomes after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:393-403. [PMID: 36420778 PMCID: PMC9941866 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221142694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Leukocytes are systematic inflammation indicators related to stroke prognosis and can exhibit large dynamic waves before and after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) therapy. However, additional evidence is needed to determine the prognostic significance of various leukocytes including both static and dynamic data among patients who underwent r-tPA therapy. A total of 251 patients treated with r-tPA were included; their leukocyte data were collected at two time points, and patients were followed up for three months. Analysis revealed the following findings. (i) Patients with hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and unfavorable outcomes had a higher level of leukocytes after r-tPA therapy (leukocyte count (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.191 for HT and 1.184 for unfavorable outcomes), neutrophil count (aOR 1.215 and 1.214), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR; aOR 1.084 and 1.091)) and larger dynamic leukocyte changes. (ii)Among all leukocytes, the NLR after r-tPA administration demonstrated the strongest correlation with HT and unfavorable outcomes. (iii) Patients with an NLR ≥ 3.322 had a 3.492-fold increased risk for HT, and those with an NLR ≥ 5.511 had a 3.024-fold increased risk for functional outcomes. Overall, this study shows that leukocytes, especially leukocyte count, neutrophil count and the NLR, are independently associated with HT and functional outcomes in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Xie
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou
Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji
University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chunyang Pang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou
Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
- First Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou,
PR China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying
Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou
Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Chuancheng Ren
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji
University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Binbin Deng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou
Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
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Shi J, Liu Y, Wei L, Guan W, Xia W. Admission neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to predict 30-day mortality in severe spontaneous basal ganglia hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1062692. [PMID: 36703640 PMCID: PMC9871822 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1062692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) usually occurs in the basal ganglia and is highly lethal and disabling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with severe spontaneous basal ganglia hemorrhage. Methods This retrospective study included patients with severe basal ganglia intracerebral hemorrhage treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from 2012 to 2018. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and neuroradiological data were collected. The short-term prognosis was evaluated and divided into death within 30-days and survival over 30-days. We studied the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage, analyzed the parameters related to neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) at admission, and evaluated the predictive effect of NLR on 30-day mortality. Results A total of 105 patients was included in this retrospective study. The 30-day death group had a larger hematoma, a higher probability of ventricular hemorrhage, a higher ICH score and a lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on admission. Meanwhile, the patients in the death group had higher White blood cells (WBC) counts, neutrophil counts, NLRs and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The risk factors for 30-day death were related to the ICH volume, GCS score, ICH score, WBC count, neutrophil count, NLR and CRP. The univariate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the risk factors showed that the NLR had the best prediction performance. Mathematical predictive models for ICH patients showed that the model with NLR had better prediction accuracy. Conclusions The NLR is expected to be a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with severe basal ganglia hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China,*Correspondence: Wei Guan ✉
| | - Weimin Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China,Weimin Xia ✉
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Kim MS, Heo MY, Joo HJ, Shim GY, Chon J, Chung SJ, Soh Y, Yoo MC. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Short-Term Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:898. [PMID: 36673655 PMCID: PMC9859224 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a systemic inflammatory biomarker, has been associated with poorer outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients. The present study was designed to expand these findings by investigating the association between NLR and short-term functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated patients within 7 days after the onset of acute ischemic stroke. Stroke severity on admission was measured using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The functional outcomes were assessed using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Manual Function Test (MFT), the Korean version of the modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), and the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) within 2 weeks of stroke onset. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was evaluated at discharge. Results: This study included 201 patients, who were grouped into three NLR tertiles (<1.84, 1.84−2.71, and >2.71) on admission. A multivariate analysis showed that the top tertile group (NLR > 2.71) had significantly higher risks of unfavorable outcomes on the K-MBI (p = 0.010) and K-MMSE (p = 0.029) than the bottom tertile group (NLR < 1.84). Based on the optimal cut-off values from a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a higher NLR was significantly associated with higher NIHSS scores (p = 0.011) and unfavorable outcomes on the K-MBI (p = 0.002) and K-MMSE (p = 0.001). Conclusions: A higher NLR is associated with poorer short-term functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yunsoo Soh
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (M.C.Y.); Tel.: +82-2-958-8980 (M.C.Y.); Fax: +82-2-958-8470 (M.C.Y.)
| | - Myung Chul Yoo
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (M.C.Y.); Tel.: +82-2-958-8980 (M.C.Y.); Fax: +82-2-958-8470 (M.C.Y.)
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Feng X, Yu F, Wei M, Luo Y, Zhao T, Liu Z, Huang Q, Tu R, Li J, Zhang B, Cheng L, Xia J. The association between neutrophil counts and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and stress hyperglycemia in patients with acute ischemic stroke according to stroke etiology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1117408. [PMID: 37008926 PMCID: PMC10060840 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1117408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), which is used to assess stress hyperglycemia, is associated with the functional outcome of ischemic stroke (IS). IS can induce the inflammatory response. Neutrophil counts and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as good and easily available inflammatory biomarkers, the relationship between neutrophil counts and NLR and SHR were poorly explored in IS. We aimed to systemically and comprehensively explore the correlation between various blood inflammation markers (mainly neutrophil counts and NLR) and SHR. METHODS Data from 487 patients with acute IS(AIS) in Xiangya Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. High/low SHR groups according to the median of SHR (≤1.02 versus >1.02). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between neutrophil counts and NLR and high SHR group. Subgroup analyses were performed in the TOAST classification and functional prognosis. RESULTS The neutrophil counts and NLR were all clearly associated with SHR levels in different logistic analysis models. In the subgroup analysis of TOAST classification, the higher neutrophil counts and NLR were the independent risk factors for high SHR patients with large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) (neutrophil: adjusted OR:2.047, 95% CI: 1.355-3.093, P=0.001; NLR: adjusted OR:1.315, 95% CI: 1.129-1.530, P<0.001). The higher neutrophil counts were the independent risk factor for high SHR patients with cardioembolism (CE) (adjusted OR:2.413, 95% CI: 1.081-5.383, P=0.031). ROC analysis showed that neutrophil counts was helpful for differentiating high SHR group with CE and low SHR group with CE (neutrophil: AUC =0.776, P=0.002). However, there were no difference in levels of neutrophil counts and NLR between patients with SVO and without SVO. The higher neutrophil counts and NLR independently associated with high SHR patients with mRS ≤2 at 90 days from symptom onset, (neutrophil: adjusted OR:2.284, 95% CI: 1.525-3.420, P<0.001; NLR: adjusted OR:1.377, 95% CI: 1.164-1.629, P<0.001), but not in patients with mRS >2. CONCLUSIONS This study found that the neutrophil counts and NLR are positively associated with SHR levels in AIS patients. In addition, the correlation between neutrophil counts and NLR and different SHR levels are diverse according to TOAST classification and functional prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjing Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minping Wei
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunfang Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruxin Tu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Boxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liuyang Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Xia,
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Wu B, Liu F, Sun G, Wang S. Prognostic role of dynamic neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in acute ischemic stroke after reperfusion therapy: A meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1118563. [PMID: 36873451 PMCID: PMC9978711 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1118563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an inflammatory marker, in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after reperfusion therapy remains controversial. Therefore, this meta-analysis sought to assess the correlation between the dynamic NLR and the clinical outcomes of patients with AIS after reperfusion therapy. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched to identify relevant literature from their inception to 27 October 2022. The clinical outcomes of interest included poor functional outcome (PFO) at 3 months, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), and 3-month mortality. The NLR on admission (pre-treatment) and post-treatment was collected. The PFO was defined as a modified Rankin scale (mRS) of >2. Results A total of 17,232 patients in 52 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The admission NLR was higher in the 3-month PFO (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.35-0.57), sICH (SMD = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.30-0.85), and mortality at 3 months (SMD = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.34-0.87). An elevated admission NLR was associated with an increased risk of 3-month PFO (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.09-1.17), sICH (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.06-1.16), and mortality at 3 months (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.07-1.20). The post-treatment NLR was significantly higher in the 3-month PFO (SMD = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.62-0.99), sICH (SMD = 1.54, 95% CI = 0.97-2.10), and mortality at 3 months (SMD = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.31-1.69). An elevated post-treatment NLR was significantly associated with an increased risk of 3-month PFO (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.16-1.35), sICH (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01-1.29), and mortality at 3 months (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.09-1.50). Conclusion The admission and post-treatment NLR can be used as cost-effective and easily available biomarkers to predict the 3-month PFO, sICH, and mortality at 3 months in patients with AIS treated with reperfusion therapy. The post-treatment NLR provides better predictive power than the admission NLR. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022366394.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Department of Neurology, Army 78th Military Group Hospital, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Army 78th Military Group Hospital, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Guiyan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Army 78th Military Group Hospital, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Army 78th Military Group Hospital, Mudanjiang, China
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Sun J, Lam C, Christie L, Blair C, Li X, Werdiger F, Yang Q, Bivard A, Lin L, Parsons M. Risk factors of hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischaemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1079205. [PMID: 36891475 PMCID: PMC9986457 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1079205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) following reperfusion therapies for acute ischaemic stroke often predicts a poor prognosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify risk factors for HT, and how these vary with hyperacute treatment [intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT)]. Methods Electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE were used to search relevant studies. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated. Results A total of 120 studies were included. Atrial fibrillation and NIHSS score were common predictors for any intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after reperfusion therapies (both IVT and EVT), while a hyperdense artery sign (OR = 2.605, 95% CI 1.212-5.599, I 2 = 0.0%) and number of thrombectomy passes (OR = 1.151, 95% CI 1.041-1.272, I 2 = 54.3%) were predictors of any ICH after IVT and EVT, respectively. Common predictors for symptomatic ICH (sICH) after reperfusion therapies were age and serum glucose level. Atrial fibrillation (OR = 3.867, 95% CI 1.970-7.591, I 2 = 29.1%), NIHSS score (OR = 1.082, 95% CI 1.060-1.105, I 2 = 54.5%) and onset-to-treatment time (OR = 1.003, 95% CI 1.001-1.005, I 2 = 0.0%) were predictors of sICH after IVT. Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score (ASPECTS) (OR = 0.686, 95% CI 0.565-0.833, I 2 =77.6%) and number of thrombectomy passes (OR = 1.374, 95% CI 1.012-1.866, I 2 = 86.4%) were predictors of sICH after EVT. Conclusion Several predictors of ICH were identified, which varied by treatment type. Studies based on larger and multi-center data sets should be prioritized to confirm the results. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=268927, identifier: CRD42021268927.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Sun
- Sydney Brain Centre, The Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christina Lam
- Melbourne Brain Centre at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren Christie
- Sydney Brain Centre, The Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,Allied Health Research Unit, St Vincent's Health Network Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Blair
- Sydney Brain Centre, The Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xingjuan Li
- Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Freda Werdiger
- Melbourne Brain Centre at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Qing Yang
- Apollo Medical Imaging Technology Pty Ltd., Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Bivard
- Melbourne Brain Centre at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Longting Lin
- Sydney Brain Centre, The Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Parsons
- Sydney Brain Centre, The Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Bui TA, Jickling GC, Winship IR. Neutrophil dynamics and inflammaging in acute ischemic stroke: A transcriptomic review. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1041333. [PMID: 36620775 PMCID: PMC9813499 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1041333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Restoring blood flow through recanalization is currently the only acute treatment for cerebral ischemia. Unfortunately, many patients that achieve a complete recanalization fail to regain functional independence. Recent studies indicate that activation of peripheral immune cells, particularly neutrophils, may contribute to microcirculatory failure and futile recanalization. Stroke primarily affects the elderly population, and mortality after endovascular therapies is associated with advanced age. Previous analyses of differential gene expression across injury status and age identify ischemic stroke as a complex age-related disease. It also suggests robust interactions between stroke injury, aging, and inflammation on a cellular and molecular level. Understanding such interactions is crucial in developing effective protective treatments. The global stroke burden will continue to increase with a rapidly aging human population. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of age-dependent vulnerability are poorly defined. In this review, we will discuss how neutrophil-specific gene expression patterns may contribute to poor treatment responses in stroke patients. We will also discuss age-related transcriptional changes that may contribute to poor clinical outcomes and greater susceptibility to cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong An Bui
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Glen C. Jickling
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ian R. Winship
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Pinzon RT, Veronica V. Leukocyte Count and Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio as Simple Hematologic Predictors of Stroke Severity and Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. Open Neurol J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1874205x-v16-e2209280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
It has long been recognized that inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. However, whether leukocyte count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio are related to stroke severity and functional outcome is uncertain.
Objective:
This clinical study aimed to evaluate the association of leukocyte count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with stroke severity and functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients.
Methods:
This hospital-based, retrospective observational study included 112 subjects with acute ischemic stroke. All subjects had their demographic, clinical, and laboratory data obtained. The leukocyte count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were evaluated by stroke severity on admission and 3-month functional outcome. The severity of stroke at admission was measured using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), whereas the Barthel Index was used to measure 3-month functional outcome (BI). We conducted a regression analysis, adjusting for any confounding variables.
Results:
Higher leukocyte count was significantly associated with increased risk of stroke severity (odds ratio [OR] 1.391, 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.121-1.725, p: 0.003) and unfavorable functional outcome (OR 1.434, 95% CI, 1.068-1.925, p: 0.017). Higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was not significantly associated with increased risk of stroke severity (OR 1.181, 95% CI, 0.947-1.474, p: 0.140) and unfavorable functional outcome (OR 1.246, 95% CI, 0.905-1.716, p: 0.177).
Conclusion:
Our study indicates that leukocyte count is an independent predictor of stroke severity on admission and unfavorable functional outcome.
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Ren Y, He Z, Du X, Liu J, Zhou L, Bai X, Chen Y, Wu B, Song X, Zhao L, Yang Q. The SON 2A 2 score: A novel grading scale for predicting hemorrhage and outcomes after thrombolysis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:952843. [PMID: 36388233 PMCID: PMC9659729 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.952843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to develop a score including novel putative predictors for predicting the risk of sICH and outcomes after thrombolytic therapy with intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA) in acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods All patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with IV r-tPA at three university-based hospitals in Chongqing, China, from 2014 to 2019 were retrospectively studied. Potential risk factors associated with sICH (NINDS criteria) were determined with multivariate logistic regression, and we developed our score according to the magnitude of logistic regression coefficients. The score was validated in another independent cohort. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) was used to assess the performance of the score. Calibration was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit method. Results The SON2A2 score (0 to 8 points) consisted of history of smoking (no = 1, yes = 0, β = 0.81), onset-to-needle time (≥3.5 = 1,<3.5=0, β = 0.74), NIH Stroke Scale on admission (>10 = 2, ≤10 = 0, β = 1.22), neutrophil percentage (≥80.0% = 1, <80% = 0, β = 0.81), ASPECT score (≤11 = 2, >11 = 0, β = 1.30), and age (>65 years = 1, ≤65 years = 0, β = 0.89). The SON2A2 score was strongly associated with sICH (OR 1.98; 95%CI 1.675-2.34) and poor outcomes (OR 1.89; 95%CI 1.68-2.13). AUC-ROC in the derivation cohort was 0.82 (95%CI 0.77-0.86). Similar results were obtained in the validation cohort. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test revealed that predicted and observed event rates in derivation and validation cohorts were very close. Conclusion The SON2A2 score is a simple, efficient, quick, and easy-to-perform scale for predicting the risk of sICH and outcome after intravenous r-tPA thrombolysis within 4.5 h in patients with ischemic stroke, and risk assessment using this test has the potential for early and personalized management of this disease in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ren
- Department of Neurology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongxiang He
- Health Manage Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- Department of Neurology, The Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaosong Song
- Department of Neurology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Libo Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Han Z, Li L, Tao Z, Wang R, Zhao H, Zheng Y, Yang Z, Zhong L, Fan J, Luo Y. Neutrophilic noncoding RNAs predict outcomes of acute ischemic stroke patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1003806. [PMID: 36278201 PMCID: PMC9582270 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1003806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There’s no evidence demonstrating the association between noncoding RNAs levels before IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) administration and the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). 145 AIS patients received rtPA treatment were recruited at the stroke center from 2018 to 2019, and 103 patients were included in this study. A panel of noncoding RNAs (miRNA-23a, miRNA-193a, miRNA-128, miRNA-99a, miRNA-let-7a, miRNA-494, miRNA-424, and lncRNA H19) were measured in the circulating neutrophils of AIS patients before rtPA treatment. Endpoints included excellent outcome (modified Rankin Scale score [mRS] 0–1) or poor outcome (mRS > 1) at 3 months and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) after rtPA treatment. Among the eight noncoding RNAs detected in circulating neutrophils of the 103 participants, miRNA-23a levels were associated with the stroke severity on admission and symptom progression at 24 h after rtPA treatment. A noncoding RNA score composed of miRNA-23a, miRNA-99a, and lncRNA H19 was screened to predict the functional outcome at 3 months and the incidence of sICH after rtPA treatment. In the logistic regression analysis, the noncoding RNA score ≥ −0.336 (OR = 2.862 [1.029–7.958], p = 0.044) was an independent predictor of the poor outcome at 3 months after adjustment of clinical variables, the addition of the noncoding RNA score to the clinical model improved the discrimination (IDI% = 4.68 [0.65–8.71], p = 0.020), as well as the net reclassification (NRI% = 33.04 [0.54–71.49], p = 0.016). The noncoding RNA score ≥ −0.336 (OR = 5.250 [1.096–25.135], p = 0.038) was also independently predicted the sICH, the addition of the noncoding RNA score to the clinical variables improved discrimination and reclassification as well. The noncoding RNA score was also associated with the infarct volume and symptom improvement at 7 days after rtPA treatment. In conclusion, a higher neutrophilic noncoding RNA score provides predictive value to identify AIS patients with worse outcomes after rtPA treatment. miRNA-23a, miRNA-99a, and lncRNA H19 are worth further investigation for their effects in thrombolysis after AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziping Han
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Tao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhong Yang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Zhong
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junfen Fan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junfen Fan, ; Yumin Luo,
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junfen Fan, ; Yumin Luo,
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Lattanzi S, Norata D, Broggi S, Meletti S, Świtońska M, Słomka A, Silvestrini M. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Early Neurological Deterioration after Endovascular Treatment in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091415. [PMID: 36143451 PMCID: PMC9503346 DOI: 10.3390/life12091415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The worsening of neurological status that occurs early after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a serious issue, and the inflammatory response plays a key role in stroke pathobiology. Recently, endovascular treatment (EVT) has revolutionized the management and outcome of patients with AIS due to either extracranial carotid disease or intracranial disease. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) represents an easily available inflammatory biomarker. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the NLR at admission and the occurrence of early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with AIS who underwent EVT. Patients with AIS and proximal arterial occlusion in the anterior circulation undergoing EVT were retrospectively identified. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) were collected from admission blood work to calculate the NLR. The study outcome was END defined as an increase in at least 4 points in NIHSS score or death between baseline and 24 h after the ischemic event. Patients included were 211, and END occurred in 30 (14.2%). Patients with older age (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02−1.13), higher serum glucose (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.01−1.02), and higher NLR (OR = 1.011, 95% CI: 1.04−1.18) had an increased risk of END. The best predictive cut-off value of NLR was 6.4, and END occurred in 24.1% and 3.9% of the patients with NLR ≥ 6.4 and <6.4, respectively (p < 0.001). In patients with AIS undergoing EVT, higher NLR values predicted a higher risk of END. Biomarkers able to identify inflammatory mechanisms might identify novel treatment targets and enhance proof-of-concept trials of immunomodulation in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, 60121 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Davide Norata
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Serena Broggi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Meletti
- Neurology Unit, OCB Hospital, AOU Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Science, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Milena Świtońska
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Health Sciences, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Artur Słomka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Mauro Silvestrini
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, 60121 Ancona, Italy
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Sun D, Liu R, Huo X, Jia B, Tong X, Wang A, Ma G, Ma N, Gao F, Mo D, Miao Z. Endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke due to medium vessel occlusion: data from ANGEL-ACT registry. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2022; 8:svn-2022-001561. [PMID: 36219803 PMCID: PMC9985797 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2022-001561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) in the anterior circulation and to explore the independent predictors of the 90-day good outcome for such patients. METHODS Data from ANGEL-ACT Registry were analysed in our study. The outcomes, such as the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days, successful recanalisation rate and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (SICH) rate, were compared between MeVO and acute large vessel occlusions (LVO). Then, the independent predictors of the good outcome at 90 days in MeVO patients were determined by the logistic regression analyses. RESULTS We included 1032 subjects in the analysis, of which, 147 were MeVO and 885 were LVO. mRS at 90 days distribution (3 (0-4) vs 3 (0-5), common odds ratio (OR) =1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73 to 1.38, p=0.994), SICH rate (4.8% vs 8.9%; OR=0.59, 95% CI 0.26 to 1.34, p=0.205) and successful recanalisation rate (89.8% vs 89.7%; OR=1.00 95% CI 0.51 to 1.93, p=0.992) were similar between the MeVO and LVO groups after adjusting for the confounders. We identified that baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≤4.1 (OR=2.13, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.99, p=0.019), baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≤14 (OR=1.96, 95% CI 1.02 to 3.80, p=0.045) and mechanical thrombectomy passes ≤1 (OR=2.16, 95% CI 1.14 to 4.11, p=0.021) were independent predictors of the 90-day good outcome in MeVO patients undergoing EVT. CONCLUSIONS Patients with MeVO achieved similar 90-day mRS, SICH rate and successful recanalisation rate after EVT compared with patients with LVO. Several independent predictors of 90-day good outcome in MeVO patients undergoing EVT were determined, which should be highly considered in MeVO stroke management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Sun
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Raynald Liu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Fengtai You anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Huo
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baixue Jia
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Tong
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Anxin Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoting Ma
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dapeng Mo
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongrong Miao
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Liao M, Li F, Hu J, Yang J, Wu D, Xie D, Song J, Huang J, Tian Y, Luo W, Yue C, Liu S, Kong W, Huang L, Zi W, Li F. High neutrophil counts before endovascular treatment for acute basilar artery occlusion predict worse outcomes. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:978740. [PMID: 36118699 PMCID: PMC9475290 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.978740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purposeIschemic stroke is related to inflammation. We investigated leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, and NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) to explore their prognostic potential and determine if high neutrophil counts before endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) are associated with worse outcomes at 90 days post-EVT.MethodsLeukocyte and neutrophil counts and NLR were determined in eligible patients from the Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Study (BASILAR). Patients were divided into four groups according to leukocyte and neutrophil counts and NLR quartiles. The primary outcome was a favorable outcome based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS: 0–3). The secondary outcome was functional independence (mRS 0–2). The safety outcome was mortality, and an unfavorable outcome was mRS 4–6. Successful reperfusion was mTICI (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction) of 2b or 3. All the data were collected within 90 days after EVT.ResultsWe enrolled 586 patients in the study. The leukocyte and neutrophil counts and NLR were significantly associated with clinical outcomes in all patients though no effects were seen in some intervals. Of these three parameters, the neutrophil count had the most significant impact, negatively affecting the outcome. The findings were similar in patients who were successfully recanalized.ConclusionHigher neutrophil counts predicted worse clinical outcomes 90 days after EVT. This finding supports the deleterious role of inflammation in patients with acute BAO despite EVT or successful recanalization.
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Integrative Analyses of Biomarkers Associated with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Ischemic Stroke. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4212180. [PMID: 36060663 PMCID: PMC9436554 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4212180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Neuronal apoptosis, which is the primary pathological transform of cerebral injury following ischemic stroke (IS), is considered to be induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) by numerous reports. However, ERS biomarkers in IS have not been fully identified yet. Consequently, the present study is aimed at exploring potential blood biomarkers by investigating the molecular mechanisms of ERS promoting neuronal apoptosis following IS development. Methods. A comprehensive analysis was performed with two free-accessible whole-blood datasets (GSE16561 and GSE37587) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Genetic information from 107 IS and 24 healthy controls was employed to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Genes related to ERS (ERS-DEGs) were identified from the analysis. Enrichment analyses were performed to explore the biofunction and correlated signal pathways of ERS-DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and immune correlation analyses were performed to identify the hub genes along with their correspondent expressions and functions, all of which contributed to incremental diagnostic values. Results. A total of 60 IS-related DEGs were identified, of which 27 genes were confirmed as ERS-DEGs. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis corroborated that upregulated ERS-DEGs were principally enriched in pathways related to immunity, including neutrophil activation and Th17 cell differentiation. Moreover, the GSEA and GSVA indicated that T cell-related signal pathways were the most considerably immune pathways for ERS-DEG enrichment. A total of 10 hub genes were filtered out via the PPI network analysis. Immune correlation analysis confirmed that the expression of hub genes is associated with immune cell infiltration. Conclusions. By integrating and analyzing the two gene expression data profiles, it can be inferred that ERS may be involved in the development of neuronal apoptosis following IS via immune homeostasis. The identified hub genes, which are associated with immune cell infiltration, may serve as potential biomarkers for relative diagnosis and therapy.
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Chen S, Cheng J, Ye Q, Ye Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Huang G, Chen F, Yang M, Wang C, Duan T, Liu X, Zhang Z. Day 1 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) predicts stroke outcome after intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy. Front Neurol 2022; 13:941251. [PMID: 36016545 PMCID: PMC9396211 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.941251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a biomarker reflecting the balance between inflammation (as indicated by the neutrophil count) and adaptive immunity (as indicated by the lymphocyte count). We aimed to estimate ability of NLR at admission and at day 1 for predicting stroke outcome after two reperfusion therapies: intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who received recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (IVT) and/or underwent MT for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Wenzhou, China) from January 2018 to December 2020. Blood samples were taken on admission to hospital and on day 1 after stroke onset. Binary logistic regression models were applied to investigate potential associations between NLR at admission or day 1 and the following outcomes: symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), dependence, and mortality at 90 days. The ability of NLR to predict AIS outcome was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Data for 927 patients (576 IVT and 351 MT) were reviewed. High admission NLR was associated with dependence in IVT treatment [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–1.23] and 90-day mortality in MT patients (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04–1.13). In IVT patients, high NLR at day 1 predicted dependence (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.11), sICH (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.12), and 90-day mortality (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.15). In MT patients, high NLR at day 1 also predicted dependence (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.11) and sICH (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.09). ROC analysis confirmed that NLR at day 1 could predict dependence (cut-off 4.2; sensitivity 68.7%; specificity 79.6%), sICH (cut-off 5.1; sensitivity 57.9%, specificity 73.5%), and death (cut-off 5.4; sensitivity 78.8%; specificity 76.4%) in IVT patients. Z values of area under the curves were compared between admissioin and day 1 NLR in IVT patients and showed day 1 NLR can better predict dependence (Z = 2.8, p = 0.004) and 90-day death (Z = 2.8, p = 0.005). Conclusions NLR is a readily available biomarker that can predict AIS outcome after reperfusion treatment and day 1 NLR is even better than admission NLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated the First Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated the First Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated the First Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zusen Ye
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated the First Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanlei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated the First Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated the First Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guiqian Huang
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated the First Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feichi Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Chuanliu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Tingting Duan
- Department of Neurology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Wencheng County People Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated the First Hospital, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Zhang
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Kim TJ, Park SH, Ko SB. Dynamic change of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after endovascular recanalization therapy. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106604. [PMID: 35843053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a known marker of systemic inflammation. Recent studies demonstrated its applicability as a marker of poor prognosis for stroke patients. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between dynamic changes in the NLR and sICH in patients with successful recanalization following ERT. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 128 patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent successful ERT between January 2013 and November 2019. We evaluated the NLR pre-ERT (at admission) and post-ERT (at 24-36 h after ERT). The symptomatic ICH and miserable outcomes at 3 months after ERT were analyzed as outcomes. sICH was defined as type-2 parenchymal hematoma with neurological deterioration (defined as National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score ≥4). Moreover, a modified Rankin Scale score of 5-6 at 3 months was considered a miserable outcome. RESULTS Among the included patients, sICH occurred in 12 (9.4%). The sICH group had significantly higher post-ERT NLR (P < 0.001) and ∆NLR (calculated as the difference between pre-ERT NLR and post-ERT NLR) (P = 0.004). In the multivariate analysis, the post-ERT NLR was independently associated with sICH (odds ratio [OR], 1.166; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.041-1.306; P = 0.008) and miserable outcome at 3 months (OR, 1.101; 95% CI, 1.002-1.210; P = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that temporal elevation of the NLR is associated with sICH events after successful ERT in patients with acute ischemic stroke. The temporal variation in NLR may help to identify high-risk patients with sICH after ERT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Ko
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
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Barow E, Quandt F, Cheng B, Gelderblom M, Jensen M, Königsberg A, Boutitie F, Nighoghossian N, Ebinger M, Endres M, Fiebach JB, Thijs V, Lemmens R, Muir KW, Pedraza S, Simonsen CZ, Gerloff C, Thomalla G. Association of White Blood Cell Count With Clinical Outcome Independent of Treatment With Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol 2022; 13:877367. [PMID: 35769368 PMCID: PMC9235538 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.877367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Higher white blood cell (WBC) count is associated with poor functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, little is known about whether the association is modified by treatment with intravenous alteplase. Methods WAKE-UP was a randomized controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]-based thrombolysis in unknown onset stroke. WBC count was measured on admission and again at 22–36 h after randomization to treatment (follow-up). Favorable outcome was defined by a score of 0 or 1 on the modified Rankin scale (mRS) 90 days after stroke. Further outcome were stroke volume and any hemorrhagic transformation (HT) that were assessed on follow-up CT or MRI. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between outcome and WBC count and treatment group. Results Of 503 randomized patients, WBC count and baseline parameters were available in 437 patients (μ = 64.7 years, 35.2% women) on admission and 355 patients (μ = 65.1 years, 34.1% women) on follow-up. Median WBC count on admission was 7.6 × 109/L (interquartile range, IQR, 6.1–9.4 × 109/L) and 8.2 × 109/L (IQR, 6.7–9.7 × 109/L) on follow-up. Higher WBC count both on admission and follow-up was associated with lower odds of favorable outcome, adjusted for age, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Stroke Scale Score, temperature, and treatment (alteplase vs. placebo, adjusted odds ratio, aOR 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78–0.94 and aOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79–0.97). No interaction between WBC count and treatment group was observed (p = 0.11). Furthermore, WBC count on admission and follow-up was significantly associated with HT (aOR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05–1.24 and aOR 1.13, 95% CI 1.00–1.26). Finally, WBC count on follow-up was associated with larger stroke volume (aOR 2.57, 95% CI 1.08–6.07). Conclusion Higher WBC count is associated with unfavorable outcome, an increased risk of HT, and larger stroke volume, independent of treatment with alteplase. Whether immunomodulatory manipulation of WBC count improves stroke outcome needs to be tested. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01525290.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewgenia Barow
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ewgenia Barow
| | - Fanny Quandt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Cheng
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Gelderblom
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Märit Jensen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alina Königsberg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florent Boutitie
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Biostatistique, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Norbert Nighoghossian
- Department of Stroke Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Martin Ebinger
- Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Medical Park Berlin Humboldtmühle, Klinik für Neurologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen), Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen B. Fiebach
- Centrum für Schlaganfallforschung Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vincent Thijs
- Stroke Division, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin Lemmens
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Keith W. Muir
- Institute of Neuroscience & Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Salvador Pedraza
- Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Image (IDI), Girona, Spain
| | - Claus Z. Simonsen
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Thrombolysis in stroke patients with elevated inflammatory markers. J Neurol 2022; 269:5405-5419. [PMID: 35622132 PMCID: PMC9468078 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the prognostic value of white blood cell count (WBC) on functional outcome, mortality and bleeding risk in stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). Methods In this prospective multicenter study from the TRISP registry, we assessed the association between WBC on admission and 3-month poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale 3–6), mortality and occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH; ECASS-II-criteria) in IVT-treated stroke patients. WBC was used as continuous and categorical variable distinguishing leukocytosis (WBC > 10 × 109/l) and leukopenia (WBC < 4 × 109/l). We calculated unadjusted/ adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (OR [95% CI]) with logistic regression models. In a subgroup, we analyzed the association of combined leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP > 10 mg/l) on outcomes. Results Of 10,813 IVT-treated patients, 2527 had leukocytosis, 112 leukopenia and 8174 normal WBC. Increasing WBC (by 1 × 109/l) predicted poor outcome (ORadjusted 1.04[1.02–1.06]) but not mortality and sICH. Leukocytosis was independently associated with poor outcome (ORadjusted 1.48[1.29–1.69]) and mortality (ORadjusted 1.60[1.35–1.89]) but not with sICH (ORadjusted 1.17[0.94–1.45]). Leukopenia did not predict any outcome. In a subgroup, combined leukocytosis and elevated CRP had the strongest association with poor outcome (ORadjusted 2.26[1.76–2.91]) and mortality (ORadjusted 2.43[1.86–3.16]) when compared to combined normal WBC and CRP. Conclusion In IVT-treated patients, leukocytosis independently predicted poor functional outcome and death. Bleeding complications after IVT were not independently associated with leukocytosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00415-022-11173-0.
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Jiang L, Cai X, Yao D, Jing J, Mei L, Yang Y, Li S, Jin A, Meng X, Li H, Wei T, Wang Y, Pan Y, Wang Y. Association of inflammatory markers with cerebral small vessel disease in community-based population. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:106. [PMID: 35513834 PMCID: PMC9072153 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the relationships of neutrophil count (NC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Methods A total of 3052 community-dwelling residents from the Poly-vasculaR Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and vaScular Events (PRECISE) study were involved in this cross-sectional study. CSVD burden and imaging markers, including white matter hyperintensity (WMH), lacunes, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and enlarged perivascular spaces in basal ganglia (BG-EPVS), were assessed according to total CSVD burden score. The associations of NC, NLR and SII with CSVD and imaging markers were evaluated using logistic regression models. Furthermore, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to investigate the genetically predicted effect of NC on CSVD. The prognostic performances of NC, NLR and SII for the presence of CSVD were assessed. Results At baseline, the mean age was 61.2 ± 6.7 years, and 53.5% of the participants were female. Higher NC was suggestively associated with increased total CSVD burden and modified total CSVD burden (Q4 vs. Q1: common odds ratio (cOR) 1.33, 95% CI 1.05–1.70; cOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.02–1.60) and marginally correlated with the presence of CSVD (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.00–1.66). Furthermore, elevated NC was linked to a higher risk of lacune (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.25–3.62) and moderate-to-severe BG-EPVS (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.14–2.44). A greater NLR was related to moderate-to-severe BG-EPVS (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.16–2.45). Individuals with a higher SII had an increased risk of modified WMH burden (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.08–1.69) and moderate-to-severe BG-EPVS (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.20–2.41). MR analysis showed that genetically predicted higher NC was associated with an increased risk of lacunar stroke (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.04–1.39) and small vessel stroke (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.06–1.38). The addition of NC to the basic model with traditional risk factors improved the predictive ability for the presence of CSVD, as validated by the net reclassification index and integrated discrimination index (all p < 0.05). Conclusions This community-based population study found a suggestive association between NC and CSVD, especially for BG-EPVS and lacune, and provided evidence supporting the prognostic significance of NC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02468-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xueli Cai
- Department of Neurology, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Dongxiao Yao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Lerong Mei
- Cerebrovascular Research Lab, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Shan Li
- Cerebrovascular Research Lab, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Aoming Jin
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Tiemin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yuesong Pan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China. .,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Yilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China. .,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Diker S, Gelener P, Eker A, Kaymakamzade B, Mut S, Erem A, Balyemez U. Association between cerebral microbleeds and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with ischemic stroke. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Host inflammation has been studied in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) due to large vessel occlusions. Inflammatory markers were shown to correlate with large artery atherosclerosis and worse outcomes after ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusions. However, the association between inflammation and cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is controversial. Mostly studied are the white matter hyperintensities; however, results regarding association of white matter hyperintensities with inflammatory markers are conflicting. We aimed to investigate the association between cerebral microbleed (CMB) load, as an indicator of SVD, and inflammation indices in patients with IS.
Results
We identified 127 patients with IS admitted within 7 days of symptom onset. CMBs were detected in 37% (n: 47) of patients. Patient’s age and Fazekas score were independently associated with CMB load. Inflammatory biomarkers were not associated with the presence or quantitative burden of CMBs.
Conclusions
White matter damage and patient’s age predicted CMB presence and number, respectively, in IS patients. However, inflammatory markers failed to show any association with such SVD signs. Prospective studies with a higher number of stroke patients are needed in order to justify our findings.
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Liu C, Li F, Liu S, Chen Q, Sang H, Yang Q, Zhou K, Zi W. Neutrophil Count Predicts Malignant Cerebellar Edema and Poor Outcome in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Receiving Endovascular Treatment: A Nationwide Registry-Based Study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:835915. [PMID: 35592334 PMCID: PMC9111017 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.835915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute basilar artery occlusion (ABAO) is known to have a poor outcome with a high rate of morbidity and mortality despite endovascular treatment (EVT), highlighting the necessities of exploring factors to limit the efficacy of EVT in these patients. Cerebellar infarctions in ABAO might progress to malignant cerebellar edema (MCE), a life-threatening complication after reperfusion, posing a secondary injury to the brainstem by mass effects. Therefore, the present research aimed to explore the impacts of MCE on a long-term outcome and investigate the prognostic factors for MCE among ABAO after EVT. Methods In the national BASILAR registry, a total of 329 ABO patients with cerebellar infarctions treated by EVT met the inclusion criteria. The presence of MCE defined by the Jauss scale ≥4 points, was evaluated on the computed tomography performed 72 h after EVT. The adjusted odds ratio and 95% CI were obtained by logistic regression models. A favorable outcome was defined as a 90-day modified Rankin Scale score of 0-3. Results MCE was statistically associated with the decreased incidence of a favorable outcome [adjusted odds ratio, 0.35(95% CI, 0.18-0.68), P=0.002]. The baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, collateral circulation, neutrophil count at admission, and recanalization status were predictors for MCE and a favorable functional status at 90 days (all P<0.05). Among all inflammatory factors, the neutrophil count achieved the highest accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for MCE. Adding the neutrophil count status into the baseline model obviously enhanced its prediction ability for MCE and favorable outcome by increasing the area under curve and achieving both net reclassification and integrated discrimination improvement (all P<0.05). Mediation analysis indicated that MCE mediated the association between the increased neutrophil count and worse functional outcome (P=0.026). Discussion MCE acted essential roles in worsening prognosis for ABAO after EVT. A high neutrophil count at admission was linked to MCE and a poor outcome among ABAO patients, which could be further incorporated into the clinical decision-making system and guide immunomodulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fengli Li
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hongfei Sang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingwu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenji Zi
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Sharma D, Spring KJ, Bhaskar SMM. Role of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in the Prognosis of Acute Ischaemic Stroke After Reperfusion Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2022; 14:11795735221092518. [PMID: 35492740 PMCID: PMC9052237 DOI: 10.1177/11795735221092518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation may mediate response to acute reperfusion therapy (RT) in acute
cerebral ischaemia. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an inflammatory
biomarker, may play an important role in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS)
prognostication. Objective This meta-analysis sought to examine the effect of NLR on functional
outcomes, mortality and adverse outcomes in AIS patients receiving RT. Methods Individual studies were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane
databases. Data were extracted using a standardised data sheet and
meta-analysis on association of admission (pre-RT) or delayed (post-RT) NLR
with clinical/safety outcomes after RT was conducted. Results Thirty-five studies (n = 10 308) were identified for the systematic review
with 27 (n = 8537) included in the meta-analyses. Lower admission NLR was
associated with good functional outcomes (GFOs), defined as 3-month modified
Rankin scale (mRS) 0–2 (SMD = −.46; 95% CI = −.62 to −.29; P < .0001),
mRS 0–1 (SMD = −.44; 95% CI = −.66 to −.22; P < .0001) and early
neurological improvement (ENI) (SMD = −.55; 95 %CI = −.84 to −.25; P <
.0001). Lower delayed admission NLR was also associated with GFOs (SMD =
−.80; 95%CI = −.91 to −.68; P < .0001). Higher admission NLR was
significantly associated with mortality (SMD = .49; 95%CI = .12 to .85; P =
.009), intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) (SMD = .34; 95% CI = .09 to .59; P =
.007), symptomatic ICH (sICH) (SMD = .48; 95% CI = .07 to .90; P = .022) and
stroke-associated infection or pneumonia (SMD = .85; 95% CI = .50, 1.19; P
< .0001). Higher delayed NLR was significantly associated with sICH (SMD
= 1.40; 95% CI = .60 to 2.19; P = .001), ICH (SMD = .94; 95% CI = .41 to
1.46; P < .0001) and mortality (SMD = 1.12; 95% CI = .57 to 1.67; P <
.0001). There were variations in outcomes across RT groups. Conclusion Higher admission or delayed NLR is significantly associated with worse
morbidity, mortality and safety outcomes in AIS patients receiving RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyansh Sharma
- Global Health Neurology and Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Sydney and Neurovascular Imaging Laboratory, Clinical Sciences Stream, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- South-Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kevin J. Spring
- South-Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NSW Brain Clot Bank, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Medical Oncology Group, Liverpool Clinical School, Western Sydney University and Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonu M. M. Bhaskar
- Global Health Neurology and Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Sydney and Neurovascular Imaging Laboratory, Clinical Sciences Stream, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- South-Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NSW Brain Clot Bank, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology & Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital and South-Western Sydney Local Health District, Comprehensive Stroke Center, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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