1
|
Çelebier M, Yazici A, Eneş D, Kurt A, Fidan BB, Cetin II, Sahin D, Dizdar EA, Sari FN. Preliminary Metabolomics Data Reveals Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Metabolites as Potential Biomarkers for Patent Ductus Arteriosus. Biomed Chromatogr 2025; 39:e70125. [PMID: 40420354 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.70125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2025] [Revised: 05/12/2025] [Accepted: 05/19/2025] [Indexed: 05/28/2025]
Abstract
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common congenital heart defect in preterm infants and is associated with significant morbidity. Early diagnosis is crucial but challenging due to nonspecific clinical symptoms. This study aims to identify potential metabolomic biomarkers for early detection of PDA using human cord blood. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted involving 45 preterm infants between 230/6 and 316/7 weeks of gestation. The diagnosis of hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA) was based on echocardiographic findings after 48 h, showing a left atrium-to-aortic root ratio > 1.5 and/or a ductus diameter > 1.5 mm. Untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed on cord blood plasma samples using quadrupole time-of-flight liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (Q-TOF LC/MS). Data were processed for metabolites that differed between groups. Twenty infants with hsPDA formed the study group, 25 controls. Out of 4237 detected peaks, 40 showed statistically significant differences (fold change > 1.5,p < 0.05). Among these, 15 metabolites were potentially clinically relevant. Key findings included decreased levels of guanidino acetic acid, S-adenosylmethionine, and ceramides and increased levels of docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, and cholesterol-related molecules in the PDA group. The study reveals significant metabolic alterations in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress-related pathways in PDA infants. Further targeted metabolomics studies are warranted to validate and explore clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Çelebier
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aybuke Yazici
- Division of Neonatology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Eneş
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Kurt
- Division of Neonatology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bilge Başak Fidan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ilker Cetin
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Sahin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Evrim Alyamac Dizdar
- Division of Neonatology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Nur Sari
- Division of Neonatology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang M, Jin G, Duan T, Li R, Gao Y, Yu M, Xu Y. Microglial phagocytosis and regulatory mechanisms: Key players in the pathophysiology of depression. Neuropharmacology 2025; 271:110383. [PMID: 39993469 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2025] [Accepted: 02/21/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025]
Abstract
Depression is a globally prevalent emotional disorder with a complex pathophysiology. Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system, playing crucial roles in regulating inflammation, synaptic plasticity, immune phagocytosis, and other functions, thereby exerting significant impacts on neuropsychiatric disorders like depression. Increasing research indicates that abnormal phagocytic function of microglia in the brain is involved in depression, showing excessive or insufficient phagocytosis in different states. Here, we have provided a review of the signaling molecules involved in microglial phagocytosis in depression, including "eat me" signals such as phosphatidylserine (PS), complement, and "don't eat me" signals such as CD47, CD200 and related receptors. Furthermore, we discuss the regulatory effects of existing pharmaceuticals and dietary nutrients on microglial phagocytosis in depression, emphasizing the need for tailored modulation based on the varying phagocytic states of microglia. This review aims to facilitate a deeper understanding of the role of microglial phagocytosis in depression and provide a roadmap for potential therapeutic strategies for depression targeting microglial phagocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Guimin Jin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Tingting Duan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Run Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Yubin Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China.
| | - Yuhao Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China; Department of Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Okunlola FO, Okunlola AR, Adetuyi BO, Soliman MES, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Fawzy MN, El-Saber Batiha G. Beyond the gut: Unraveling the multifaceted influence of microbiome on cardiovascular health. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2025; 67:71-89. [PMID: 40064239 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/15/2025]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Even while receiving adequate pharmacological treatment for their hypertension, people are nonetheless at greater risk for cardiovascular disease. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiota may have major positive and negative effects on blood pressure and illnesses related with it as more study into this topic is conducted. Trimethylamine n-oxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are two major by-products of the gut microbiota. TMAO is involved in the formation of other coronary artery diseases, including atherosclerosis and hypertension, while SCFAs play an important role in controlling blood pressure. Numerous investigations have confirmed the established link between dietary salt intake and hypertension. Reducing sodium in the diet is linked to lower rates of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality as well as lower rates of blood pressure and hypertension. In both human and animal research, high salt diets increase local and systemic tissue inflammation and compromise gut architecture. Given that the gut microbiota constantly interacts with the immune system and is required for the correct maturation of immune cells, it is scientifically conceivable that it mediates the inflammatory response. This review highlights the therapeutic possibilities for focusing on intestinal microbiomes as well as the potential functions of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the development of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Oladele Okunlola
- Department of Natural Sciences (Biochemistry Option), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Precious Cornerstone University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Abimbola Rafiat Okunlola
- Department of Natural Sciences (Biochemistry Option), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Precious Cornerstone University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi
- Department of Natural Sciences (Biochemistry Option), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Precious Cornerstone University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa.
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India; Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, 11741, Greece.
| | - Marios Papadakis
- University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Mohamed N Fawzy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University- Arish Branch, Arish, 45511, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ament Z, Patki A, Bhave VM, Kijpaisalratana N, Jones AC, Couch CA, Stanton RJ, Rist PM, Cushman M, Judd SE, Long DL, Irvin MR, Kimberly WT. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in REGARDS. Transl Stroke Res 2025; 16:747-756. [PMID: 38676880 PMCID: PMC12102781 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-024-01256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
We examined associations between lipidomic profiles and incident ischemic stroke in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Plasma lipids (n = 195) were measured from baseline blood samples, and lipids were consolidated into underlying factors using exploratory factor analysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to test associations between lipid factors and incident stroke, linear regressions to determine associations between dietary intake and lipid factors, and the inverse odds ratio weighting (IORW) approach to test mediation. The study followed participants over a median (IQR) of 7 (3.4-11) years, and the case-cohort substudy included 1075 incident ischemic stroke and 968 non-stroke participants. One lipid factor, enriched for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid), was inversely associated with stroke risk in a base model (HR = 0.84; 95%CI 0.79-0.90; P = 8.33 × 10-8) and fully adjusted model (HR = 0.88; 95%CI 0.83-0.94; P = 2.79 × 10-4). This factor was associated with a healthy diet pattern (β = 0.21; 95%CI 0.12-0.30; P = 2.06 × 10-6), specifically with fish intake (β = 1.96; 95%CI 0.95-2.96; P = 1.36 × 10-4). DHA was a mediator between fish intake and incident ischemic stroke (30% P = 5.78 × 10-3). Taken together, DHA-containing plasma lipids were inversely associated with incident ischemic stroke and mediated the relationship between fish intake and stroke risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Ament
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amit Patki
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Naruchorn Kijpaisalratana
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Division of Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alana C Jones
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Catharine A Couch
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robert J Stanton
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Pamela M Rist
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - D Leann Long
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - M Ryan Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - W Taylor Kimberly
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng XE, Hu X, Tang J, Shi QQ, Li S, He YS, Ge M, Tao JH, Wang P, Pan HF. Effects of nutritional supplements and dietary interventions on rheumatoid arthritis: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Autoimmun Rev 2025; 24:103792. [PMID: 40054644 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2025.103792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2025] [Accepted: 03/03/2025] [Indexed: 03/15/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The effects of nutritional supplements and dietary interventions on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are still unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nutritional supplements and dietary interventions on RA patients. METHODS The online databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were used to search the relevant literature from inception to December 2024. Meta-analyses with the inclusion of randomized controlled trials were selected to assess the effects of nutritional supplements or dietary interventions on RA. We accessed the methodological quality of included reviews using AMSTAR 2 and evaluated the quality of evidence for intervention effects using GRADE. Data synthesis and analysis were used by R 4.4.1 and STATA 17. RESULTS A total of 14 articles were included, evaluating the effects of nutritional supplements and dietary interventions on RA management. Among these, 3 studies were rated as high quality, 6 as low quality, and 5 as critically low quality by AMSTAR2. The quality of evidence for intervention effects ranges from low to very low quality. The interventions assessed included polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), probiotics, total glucosides of paeony (TGP), anti-inflammatory diets (AIDs), and others. TGP was the only intervention to significantly reduce both the disease activity score and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, although the quality of evidence for these effects was low. Probiotics contributed to significant reductions in C-reactive protein and visual analogue scale scores, with both outcomes rated as low quality. PUFAs demonstrated significant improvements in tender joint count, swollen joint count, and morning stiffness, though, like the other interventions, these effects were also rated as low quality. CONCLUSION There was relatively strong evidence supporting that PUFAs, probiotics, TGP, and AIDs may show some benefits on RA. However, the low quality of evidence highlights the need for further high-quality research and real-world evidence to confirm their effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Er Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity-mediated Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity-mediated Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity-mediated Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qian-Qian Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity-mediated Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity-mediated Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Sheng He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity-mediated Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Man Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity-mediated Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jin-Hui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity-mediated Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity-mediated Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sala-Climent M, Lal E, Cedola F, Alharthi M, Fernandez-Bustamante M, Agustin-Perez M, Singh A, Choi SI, Rivera T, Nguyen K, Lee S, Golshan S, Holt T, Quehenberger O, Coras R, Guma M. Oxylipin serum profile changes in response to an open-label anti-inflammatory dietary intervention. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2025; 68:389-402. [PMID: 40414498 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2025] [Accepted: 05/16/2025] [Indexed: 05/27/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxylipins are bioactive lipids involved in inflammation. This study evaluated how a 2-week anti-inflammatory diet (ITIS, omega-3/omega-6 ratio of 1:1.5) affects plasma oxylipin profiles in patients with active Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). METHODS In an open-label pilot trial, 20 RA patients (≥3 tender and ≥3 swollen joints) followed the ITIS diet. Targeted lipidomics by mass spectrometry was used to quantify oxylipins. Patients were classified as responders or non-responders based on ≥50 % pain reduction (Pain-50). Dietary intake was assessed through diet scores, and statistical analyses were performed using RStudio. RESULTS Participants were predominantly female (90 %) with an average age of 57.1. At baseline, responders consumed more walnuts (p = 0.08), almond milk (p = 0.06), avocado (p = 0.04), and quinoa (p = 0.05), and fewer burgers (p = 0.02). No differences in diet adherence were observed between groups. Baseline oxylipin levels did not differ significantly. However, after the intervention, six oxylipins-5-HETE, 11,12-diHETrE, 14,15-diHETrE, 19,20-DiHDPA, 9-oxo-ODE, and 14,15-EET-differed significantly between responders and non-responders. Notably, oxylipins derived from both arachidonic acid (omega-6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (omega-3) decreased significantly after the diet (p = 0.0006 and p = 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION The anti-inflammatory diet modified circulating levels of both pro- and anti-inflammatory oxylipins. These changes varied by pain response, suggesting that diet can influence inflammatory pathways in RA. Further studies are warranted to clarify the mechanisms linking dietary changes, oxylipin modulation, and clinical outcomes. CLINICAL TRIALS IDENTIFIER NCT04999683.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sala-Climent
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Esha Lal
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Francesca Cedola
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Maram Alharthi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Marta Fernandez-Bustamante
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Meritxell Agustin-Perez
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Abha Singh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Soo-In Choi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tania Rivera
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Katherine Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Susan Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shahrokh Golshan
- Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tiffany Holt
- Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Oswald Quehenberger
- Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Roxana Coras
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Monica Guma
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ortega Á, Duran P, Garrido B, Manzano A, Navarro C, Silva A, Rojas M, De Sanctis JB, Radzioch D, Rivera-Porras D, Paredes CS, Bermúdez V. Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Pulmonary Diseases: Molecular and Therapeutic Implications. Molecules 2025; 30:2212. [PMID: 40430385 PMCID: PMC12114278 DOI: 10.3390/molecules30102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2025] [Revised: 04/21/2025] [Accepted: 04/23/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory lung diseases (ILDs) represent a global public health crisis characterized by escalating prevalence, significant morbidity, and substantial mortality. In response to the complex immunopathogenic mechanisms driving these conditions, novel pharmacological strategies targeting resolution pathways have emerged throughout the discovery of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator (SPM; resolvins, maresins, and protectins) dysregulation across the ILD spectra, positioning these endogenous molecules as promising therapeutic candidates for modulating maladaptive inflammation and promoting tissue repair. Over the past decade, this paradigm has catalyzed extensive translational research into SPM-based interventions as precision therapeutics for respiratory inflammation. In asthma, they reduce mucus hypersecretion, bronchial hyperreactivity, and airway inflammation, with prenatal SPM exposure potentially lowering offspring disease risk. In COPD, SPMs attenuate amyloid A-driven inflammation, normalizing cytokine/chemokine imbalances and oxidative stress and mitigating COVID-19-associated cytokine storm, enhancing survival. This review synthesizes SPMs' pharmacotherapeutic mechanisms in ILDs and evaluates current preclinical and clinical evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Ortega
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (Á.O.); (P.D.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (C.N.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Pablo Duran
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (Á.O.); (P.D.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (C.N.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Bermary Garrido
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (Á.O.); (P.D.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (C.N.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Alexander Manzano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (Á.O.); (P.D.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (C.N.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Carolina Navarro
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (Á.O.); (P.D.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (C.N.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Aljadis Silva
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (Á.O.); (P.D.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (C.N.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Milagros Rojas
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (Á.O.); (P.D.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (C.N.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Juan Bautista De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Danuta Radzioch
- The Research Institute of the McGill, University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H0H H9Z, Canada;
| | - Diego Rivera-Porras
- Universidad de la Costa, Departamento de Productividad e Innovación, Barranquilla 080001, Atlántico, Colombia;
| | - Carlos Silva Paredes
- Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela;
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida, Barranquilla 080001, Atlántico, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Noreen S, Hashmi B, Aja PM, Atoki AV. Health benefits of fish and fish by-products-a nutritional and functional perspective. Front Nutr 2025; 12:1564315. [PMID: 40416371 PMCID: PMC12098058 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1564315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2025] [Accepted: 04/08/2025] [Indexed: 05/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Fish is the primary marine source that provides adequate nutrition to the human body. Fish production is increasing every year, contributing to a sustainable economy, as they provide a significant source of income and food: This review highlights the potential health benefits, industrial applications, and toxicity of various fish species Globally, fish possess various bioactive compounds; this efficacy makes them a more edible source to consume worldwide. A wide range of bioactive compounds, primary macronutrients, micronutrients, vitamins, and minerals are present in various fish types that are essential in preventing different human disorders. The nutritional value of fish helps to provide exceptional health benefits against different human ailments. Fish are excellent sources of protein, peptides, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), omega-6 fatty acids, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-3 fatty acids that influence human health positively. Fish and their by-products are also excellent sources for developing various nutraceutical and functional foods to fight against multiple human disorders. The by-products of fish exert significant effects against infection, viral attack, cardiovascular diseases, immune disorders, oxidative stress, inflammation, neurological diseases, and other physiological complications. Few fish species are contaminated with harmful substances that cause potential risks to children's and adults' bodies. Additionally, the therapeutic use of fish and their by-products unveils the potential nutritional benefits to reduce the burden on public health by managing dietary issues such as food security, protein deficiency, and other nutritional-related problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Noreen
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Hashmi
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Ayomide Victor Atoki
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bernier V, Chatelan A, Point C, Strauss M. Nutrition and Neuroinflammation: Are Middle-Aged Women in the Red Zone? Nutrients 2025; 17:1607. [PMID: 40431348 PMCID: PMC12113692 DOI: 10.3390/nu17101607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2025] [Revised: 05/02/2025] [Accepted: 05/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Women exhibit unique vulnerabilities in health, especially regarding mental health and neurodegenerative diseases. Biological, hormonal, and metabolic differences contribute to sex-specific risks that remain underrepresented in clinical studies. Diseases such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are more prevalent in women and may be influenced by hormonal transitions, particularly during menopause. Chronic low-grade inflammation is emerging as a shared mechanism underlying both conditions, and this inflammatory state can be worsened by dietary habits. During menopause, mood and sleep disturbances can influence dietary behavior, leading to enhanced snacking and consumption of high-glycemic and comfort foods. Such foods, low in nutritional value, promote weight gain and elevated inflammatory markers. Their consumption combined (or not) with a preexisting Western diet pattern-already linked to inflammation-could reinforce systemic inflammation involving the gut-brain axis. Moreover, the symptoms "per se" could act on inflammation as well. Peripheral inflammation may cross the blood-brain barrier, sustaining mood disorders and promoting neurodegenerative changes. Finally, MDD and AD are both associated with conditions such as obesity and diabetes, which occur more frequently in women. The review highlights how menopause-related changes in mood, sleep, and diet may heighten susceptibility to mental and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronique Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry, Brugmann University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles—ULB, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Angeline Chatelan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Camille Point
- Department of Psychiatry, Brugmann University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles—ULB, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Strauss
- Department of Neurology and Sleep Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles—ULB, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Université Libre de Bruxelles—ULB, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bodur M, Yilmaz B, Ağagündüz D, Ozogul Y. Immunomodulatory Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Mechanistic Insights and Health Implications. Mol Nutr Food Res 2025; 69:e202400752. [PMID: 40159804 PMCID: PMC12087734 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Revised: 11/23/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids play a significant role in immunomodulation, with nutrigenomic approaches highlighting their impact on gene expression related to immune responses. Research indicates that omega-3 fatty acids can modulate inflammatory pathways, potentially reducing chronic inflammation and enhancing immune function. This review discusses the intersection of nutrigenomics and nutriepigenomics, focusing on how omega-3 fatty acids influence gene expression, immune function, and overall health. The immune system is a complex network responsible for defending the body against pathogens and maintaining internal balance. Comprised of innate and adaptive immunity, the system involves various cells, tissues, and organs working together to combat infections and prevent diseases. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play a significant role in modulating the immune system. These fatty acids influence immune cell function, membrane fluidity, and signaling processes, enhancing immune responses and reducing inflammation. Furthermore, EPA and DHA affect several signaling pathways, reducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation, a critical transcription factor in the inflammatory response. Additionally, they activate PPAR-γ, further diminishing inflammatory gene expression. As precursors to specialized proresolving lipid mediators, EPA and DHA help shift the lipid mediator profile from proinflammatory to antiinflammatory derivatives, thus aiding in the resolution of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Bodur
- Faculty of Health SciencesDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Birsen Yilmaz
- Department of Biological SciencesTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHyderabadIndia
- Faculty of Health SciencesDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsCukurova UniversityAdanaTurkey
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Faculty of Health SciencesDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsGazi UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Yeşim Ozogul
- Faculty of FisheriesDepartment of Seafood Processing TechnologyCukurova UniversityAdanaTurkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shaw A, Teng R, Fasina T, Gonzales AS, Wong A, Schweitzer D, Akefe IO. Lipid dysregulation and delirium in older adults: A review of the current evidence and future directions. Brain Res Bull 2025; 224:111299. [PMID: 40086765 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2025] [Revised: 03/02/2025] [Accepted: 03/09/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
Delirium is a complex medical condition marked by acute episodes of cognitive dysfunction and behavioral disturbances, with a multifaceted etiology and challenging management across various clinical settings. Older adults, particularly in postoperative contexts, are at increased risk of developing delirium. Despite extensive research, a single underlying pathophysiological mechanism for delirium remains elusive. However, emerging evidence suggests a correlation between lipid dysregulation and delirium development in elderly patients, especially in postoperative settings. This connection has led to proposed treatments targeting dyslipidemia and associated neuroinflammatory effects in acute-phase delirium. This review aims to synthesize current literature on the relationship between lipid dysregulation and delirium in older adults, highlighting the need for further research into specific neurolipidome constituents and age-related lipid profile changes, potentially uncovering novel therapeutic strategies for delirium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- AnaLee Shaw
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rujia Teng
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Toluwani Fasina
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ana-Sofia Gonzales
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Audrey Wong
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Isaac Oluwatobi Akefe
- Academy for Medical Education, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; CDU Menzies School of Medicine, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gewecke K, Grundler F, Ruscica M, von Schacky C, Mesnage R, Wilhelmi de Toledo F. Long-term fasting induces a remodelling of fatty acid composition in erythrocyte membranes. Eur J Clin Invest 2025; 55:e14382. [PMID: 39803905 PMCID: PMC12011679 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/23/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term fasting (LF) activates an adaptative response to switch metabolic fuels from food glucose to lipids stored in adipose tissues. The increase in free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation during fasting triggers health benefits. We questioned if the changes in lipid metabolism during LF could affect lipids in cell membranes in humans. We thus analysed the FA composition in erythrocyte membranes (EM) during 12.6 ± 3.5 days of LF and 1 month after food reintroduction. METHODS A total of 98 subjects out of three single-arm interventional studies underwent a medical supervised long-term fasting (12.6 ± 3.5 days) programme. The distribution pattern of 26 FA as well as the HS-Omega-3 Index were assessed in the EM using gas chromatography. RESULTS Eighteen of 26 FA showed significant changes. Within the group of saturated FA, myristic (14:0) and stearic acid (18:0) decreased while palmitic (16:0) and arachid acid (20:0) increased. While most monounsaturated FA increased, trans fatty acids decreased or remained unchanged. Within the polyunsaturated FA, arachidonic (20:4n6) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n3) acid increased, while linoleic (18:2n6), alpha-linolenic (18:3n3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3) decreased. Consequently, the HS-Omega-3 Index increased. 11 out of the 18 FA with significant changes returned to baseline levels 1 month afterwards. Levels of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid increased over baseline levels. CONCLUSIONS Long-term fasting triggers changes in the FA composition of EM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”Università Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic‐Vascular DiseasesFoundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | | | - Robin Mesnage
- Buchinger Wilhelmi ClinicÜberlingenGermany
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSchool of Life Course Sciences, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sandoval V, Vergara-Nieto Á, Bentes A, Silva S, Núñez C, Martínez-Huenchullán S. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Exercise in Obesity Management: Independent and Synergistic Benefits in Metabolism and Knowledge Gaps. BIOLOGY 2025; 14:463. [PMID: 40427653 PMCID: PMC12108670 DOI: 10.3390/biology14050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2025] [Revised: 04/17/2025] [Accepted: 04/23/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025]
Abstract
Obesity is a significant global health issue, profoundly affecting metabolic and cardiovascular health and other related chronic conditions. In Chile, the prevalence of obesity is among the highest within the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, highlighting a critical public health challenge. This narrative review examines current evidence on the independent and potential synergistic roles of omega-3 fatty acids and exercise in managing obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have been shown to lower triglyceride levels, enhance lipid metabolism, and modulate inflammation via pathways involving peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). Exercise interventions, such as moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), provide distinct yet complementary metabolic benefits. Specifically, MICT improves body fat distribution and mitochondrial efficiency, whereas HIIT has notable effects on metabolic adaptability and insulin signaling. Additionally, emerging evidence points toward a potential role of the kinin-kallikrein system, particularly kallikrein 7 (KLK7), in obesity-associated insulin resistance. Despite these promising findings, several knowledge gaps persist regarding optimal dosing, intervention timing, population-specific effects, and the exact mechanisms behind the potential synergistic interactions between omega-3 supplementation and structured exercise. This review emphasizes the importance of conducting further research, particularly controlled clinical trials, to clarify these combined interventions' effectiveness and establish targeted therapeutic strategies tailored to individual metabolic profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Sandoval
- Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación y Calidad de Vida, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Álvaro Vergara-Nieto
- Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, Good Research and Science (GRS), Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad del Desarrollo, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Amanda Bentes
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Saulo Silva
- Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación y Calidad de Vida, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Carolina Núñez
- Carrera de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación y Calidad de Vida, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Sergio Martínez-Huenchullán
- Carrera de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación y Calidad de Vida, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rahaman MM, Wangchuk P, Sarker S. A systematic review on the role of gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease: Spotlight on virome and plant metabolites. Microb Pathog 2025; 205:107608. [PMID: 40250496 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2025] [Accepted: 04/16/2025] [Indexed: 04/20/2025]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, arise from various factors such as dietary, genetic, immunological, and microbiological influences. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development and treatment of IBD, though the exact mechanisms remain uncertain. Current research has yet to definitively establish the beneficial effects of the microbiome on IBD. Bacteria and viruses (both prokaryotic and eukaryotic) are key components of the microbiome uniquely related to IBD. Numerous studies suggest that dysbiosis of the microbiota, including bacteria, viruses, and bacteriophages, contributes to IBD pathogenesis. Conversely, some research indicates that bacteria and bacteriophages may positively impact IBD outcomes. Additionally, plant metabolites play a crucial role in alleviating IBD due to their anti-inflammatory and microbiome-modulating properties. This systematic review discusses the role of the microbiome in IBD pathogenesis and evaluates the potential connection between plant metabolites and the microbiome in the context of IBD pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mizanur Rahaman
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Phurpa Wangchuk
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Nguma Bada campus, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Nguma Bada campus, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
| | - Subir Sarker
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cordingley DM, Taheri M, Fasihiyan M, Woodmass JM, Cornish SM. Selected Nutrients to Oppose Muscle Disuse Following Arthroscopic Orthopedic Surgery: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2025; 17:1273. [PMID: 40219030 PMCID: PMC11990192 DOI: 10.3390/nu17071273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2025] [Revised: 04/01/2025] [Accepted: 04/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Orthopedic surgery and the corresponding events (i.e., immobilization and muscle disuse) result in a cascade of biological events to promote healing but can come with the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. A good nutritional status of patients is associated with positive post-surgical outcomes, with macronutrients receiving the majority of emphasis in the research literature. However, beyond the surgical literature, there are other nutrients and nutritional supplements that have been established or postulated to improve skeletal muscle mass and strength. Objective: The purpose of this narrative review is to provide evidence for the utility of using creatine, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, glutamine, essential amino acids-branched chain amino acids (EAA-BCAA) and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation and the role they may play in minimizing muscle atrophy and strength loss following orthopedic surgery. The review will also highlight areas of future research to support a better understanding of the efficacy of supplementing with these substances pre- and/or post-surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dean M. Cordingley
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;
- Pan Am Clinic Foundation, 75 Poseidon Bay, Winnipeg, MB R3M 3E4, Canada
| | - Maryam Taheri
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839 69411, Iran
| | - Moein Fasihiyan
- Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839 69411, Iran
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada
| | - Jarret M. Woodmass
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Pan Am Clinic, 75 Poseidon Bay, Winnipeg, MB R3M 3E4, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1R9, Canada
| | - Stephen M. Cornish
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Centre for Aging, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jerab D, Blangero F, da Costa PCT, de Brito Alves JL, Kefi R, Jamoussi H, Morio B, Eljaafari A. Beneficial Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Obesity and Related Metabolic and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases. Nutrients 2025; 17:1253. [PMID: 40219010 PMCID: PMC11990730 DOI: 10.3390/nu17071253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2025] [Revised: 03/28/2025] [Accepted: 03/30/2025] [Indexed: 04/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are known to help resolve inflammation through generation of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids and specialized pro-resolving mediators, including resolvins, protectins, and maresins. Through binding to the GPR120/FFAR4 receptor, their beneficial effects result from phospholipid membrane remodeling, impairment of inflammatory signaling molecules clustering, subsequent inhibition of NF-κB and inflammasome activation, and a reduction in oxidative stress. Obesity, a chronic inflammatory disease that contributes to metabolic disorders, is alleviated by n-3 PUFAs. In the adipose tissue (AT) of individuals with obesity, n-3 PUFAs counteract hypoxia, inhibit immune cell infiltration and AT inflammation, improve insulin sensitivity, and reduce fat mass. Beyond AT, n-3 PUFAs also alleviate other metabolic disorders such as metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), gut dysbiosis, and/or renal dysfunction. In cardiovascular disease (CVD), they are mainly recommended as a secondary prevention for patients with coronary heart disease risks. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the benefits of n-3 PUFAs in obesity and related metabolic diseases, examining both the mechanistic and clinical aspects. Additionally, it also explores the effects of n-3 PUFAs in obesity-related chronic inflammatory conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and multiple sclerosis, by targeting specific pathophysiological mechanisms. Clinical applications and limitations of n-3 PUFAs are discussed based on findings from human clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donia Jerab
- CarMeN Laboratory, Institut National de Recherche pour l’ Agriculture, l’ Alimentation et l’Environnement, UMR1397, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 1060, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France (B.M.)
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia;
| | - Ferdinand Blangero
- CarMeN Laboratory, Institut National de Recherche pour l’ Agriculture, l’ Alimentation et l’Environnement, UMR1397, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 1060, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France (B.M.)
| | - Paulo César Trindade da Costa
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil (J.L.d.B.A.)
| | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil (J.L.d.B.A.)
| | - Rym Kefi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia;
| | - Henda Jamoussi
- Research Unit “Obesity: Etiopathology and Treatment, UR18ES01”, Faculty of Medicine, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
| | - Beatrice Morio
- CarMeN Laboratory, Institut National de Recherche pour l’ Agriculture, l’ Alimentation et l’Environnement, UMR1397, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 1060, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France (B.M.)
| | - Assia Eljaafari
- CarMeN Laboratory, Institut National de Recherche pour l’ Agriculture, l’ Alimentation et l’Environnement, UMR1397, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 1060, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France (B.M.)
- Department of Clinical Research, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Z, Zhu L, Zhang H, Yu D, Yin Z, Zhan X. Comparative Study on the Effects of Selenium-Enriched Yeasts with Different Selenomethionine Contents on Gut Microbiota and Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:3315. [PMID: 40244176 PMCID: PMC11989349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26073315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2025] [Revised: 03/29/2025] [Accepted: 03/31/2025] [Indexed: 04/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element for human health, but it mainly exists in an inorganic form that cannot be directly absorbed by the body. Brewer's yeast efficiently converts inorganic selenium into bioavailable organic selenium, making selenium-enriched yeast highly significant for human health research. Selenomethionine (SeM) is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of selenium-enriched yeast. Brewer's yeast was selected as the experimental subject, and the digestion of this yeast (Brewer's yeast) was simulated using an in vitro biomimetic gastrointestinal reactor to evaluate the effects of selenium-enriched yeast with various SeM levels on the gut flora of a healthy population. The experimental design comprised normal yeast (control group, OR), yeast containing moderate SeM levels (selenium-enriched group, SE), yeast containing high SeM levels (high-selenium group, MU), and a commercially available group comprising selenium-enriched yeast tablets (MA). The MU group exhibited a significantly higher concentration of short-chain fatty acids than the OR and MA groups during 48 h of fermentation, with significant differences observed (p < 0.05). Sequencing results revealed that the MU group showed significantly increased relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria, while exhibiting a decreased ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, which may simultaneously affect multiple metabolic pathways in vivo. These findings support the theory that selenium-enriched yeast with a high SeM has a more positive effect on human health compared with traditional yeast and offer new ideas for the development and application of selenium-enriched yeast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.Z.); (D.Y.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.Z.); (D.Y.); (Z.Y.)
- A & F Biotech. Ltd., Burnaby, BC V5A 3P6, Canada
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.Z.); (D.Y.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Dan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.Z.); (D.Y.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhongwei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.Z.); (D.Y.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.Z.); (H.Z.); (D.Y.); (Z.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Grytten E, Laupsa-Borge J, Cetin K, Bohov P, Nordrehaug JE, Skorve J, Berge RK, Strand E, Bjørndal B, Nygård OK, Rostrup E, Mellgren G, Dankel SN. Inflammatory markers after supplementation with marine n-3 or plant n-6 PUFAs: A randomized double-blind crossover study. J Lipid Res 2025; 66:100770. [PMID: 40058591 PMCID: PMC11999210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2025] [Accepted: 03/06/2025] [Indexed: 04/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 (n-3) (e.g., EPA/DHA) and omega-6 (n-6) (e.g., linoleic acid [LA]) FAs are suggested to have opposite effects on inflammation, but results are inconsistent and direct comparisons of n-3 and n-6 are lacking. In a double-blind, randomized, and crossover study, females (n = 16) and males (n = 23) aged 30-70 years with abdominal obesity were supplemented with 3-4 g/d EPA/DHA (fish oil) or 15-20 g/d LA (safflower oil) for 7 weeks, with a 9-week washout phase. Cytokines and chemokines (multiplex assay), acute-phase proteins (MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry), endothelial function (vascular reaction index), blood pressure, FA composition (red blood cell membranes/serum/adipose tissue, GC-MS/MS), and adipose gene expression (microarrays, quantitative PCR) were measured. While significant differences between treatments in relative change scores were found for systolic blood pressure (n-3 vs. n-6: -1.81% vs. 2.61%, P = 0.003), no differences between n-3 and n-6 were found for any circulatory inflammatory markers. However, compared with baseline, n-3 was followed by reductions in circulating TNF (-24.9%, P < 0.001), regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (-12.1%, P < 0.001), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta (-12.5%, P = 0.014), and n-6 by lowered TNF (-18.8%, P < 0.001), regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (-7.37%, P = 0.027), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (-7.81%, P = 0.020), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta (-14.2%, P = 0.010). Adipose tissue showed significant treatment differences in weight percent of EPA (n-3 vs. n-6: 50.2%∗ vs. -1.38%, P < 0.001, ∗: significant within-treatment change score), DHA (16.0%∗ vs. -3.67%, P < 0.001), and LA (-0.033 vs. 4.91%∗, P < 0.001). Adipose transcriptomics revealed overall downregulation of genes related to inflammatory processes after n-3 and upregulation after n-6, partly correlating with changes in circulatory markers. These data point to tissue-specific proinflammatory effects of high n-6 intake, but a net systemic anti-inflammatory effect as for n-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Grytten
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Johnny Laupsa-Borge
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kaya Cetin
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pavol Bohov
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Erik Nordrehaug
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jon Skorve
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf K Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elin Strand
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bodil Bjørndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ottar K Nygård
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Espen Rostrup
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Simon N Dankel
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rispoli RM, Popolo A, De Fabrizio V, d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca R, Autore G, Dalli J, Marzocco S. Targeting Inflammatory Imbalance in Chronic Kidney Disease: Focus on Anti-Inflammatory and Resolution Mediators. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:3072. [PMID: 40243751 PMCID: PMC11989065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26073072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2025] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/25/2025] [Indexed: 04/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition caused by the gradual decline of renal function that approximatively affects 10-12% of the world population, thus representing a public health priority. In CKD patients, chronic and systemic low-grade inflammation is observed, and it significantly contributes to disease development and progression, especially for patients with advanced disease. It also results in CKD-associated complications and increased mortality. The low-grade inflammation is due to different factors, such as the decline of glomerular filtration rate, increased immune system activation, reactive oxygen species release, and intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, the possibility to control chronic low-grade inflammation in CKD deserves great attention. In this review, we will examine the current possible pharmacological approaches to counteract the inflammatory state in CKD, focusing our attention both on the pro-inflammatory factors and the pro-resolving mediators involved in CKD inflammatory state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Margherita Rispoli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.M.R.); (A.P.); (V.D.F.); (G.A.)
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Ada Popolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.M.R.); (A.P.); (V.D.F.); (G.A.)
| | - Vincenzo De Fabrizio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.M.R.); (A.P.); (V.D.F.); (G.A.)
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Autore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.M.R.); (A.P.); (V.D.F.); (G.A.)
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London E1 4NS, UK;
- Centre of Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Stefania Marzocco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.M.R.); (A.P.); (V.D.F.); (G.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ayats-Vidal R, Albiciuc IA, Bruch-Molist C, Cuartero-Gorjón A, Cordobilla B, Pedrosa-Domínguez M, Susanna-Calero M, García-González M, Valdesoiro-Navarrete L, Larramona-Carrera H, Asensio-de la Cruz O, Castro-Marrero J, Domingo JC. Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Profile, Mediterranean Diet and Asthma Severity in Childhood Allergic Asthma: Preliminary Findings from a Cohort Study in Spain. Nutrients 2025; 17:1161. [PMID: 40218919 PMCID: PMC11990728 DOI: 10.3390/nu17071161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2025] [Revised: 03/18/2025] [Accepted: 03/25/2025] [Indexed: 04/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Allergic asthma incidence is increasing, probably due to the influence of the Western diet. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDi) and omega-3 fatty acids composition (n-3 PUFAs) may be linked to a lower prevalence and lower severity of childhood asthma; however, the association is inconclusive. This study aims to examine the relationship between adherence to the MedDi, asthma severity, and erythrocyte fatty acid profile in Spanish children with atopic asthma. Methods: This study was based on an ongoing single-center, prospective, cross-sectional cohort study involving 95 consecutively enrolled children from an outpatient tertiary referral center. Of these, 55 had atopic asthma and 40 were age-matched healthy controls. Blood samples were collected to analyze the erythrocyte fatty acid content. Participants' demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded using validated self-reported outcome measures. Asthma severity and pulmonary function were assessed. Results: Asthmatics presented poorer adherence to the MedDi (p = 0.034) and lower n-3 PUFA levels (p = 0.019). Asthmatics with poor adherence to the MedDi were more likely to be overweight (p = 0.001) and to have moderate-severe asthma (p = 0.049); and lower n-3 PUFAs levels (p = 0.033). Children with mild asthma had higher n-3 PUFAs levels than those with moderate or severe asthma (p = 0.036). Conclusions: These findings highlight that adherence to the MedDi and a high erythrocyte fatty acid profile seem to have a protective effect in childhood asthma. Future well-controlled interventions should focus on the effects of MedDi patterns and n-3 PUFA intake on the primary prevention of childhood asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roser Ayats-Vidal
- Pediatric Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Isabela-Adelina Albiciuc
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Carlota Bruch-Molist
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Anna Cuartero-Gorjón
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Begoña Cordobilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.C.); (J.C.-M.)
| | - Marina Pedrosa-Domínguez
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Marta Susanna-Calero
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Miguel García-González
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Laura Valdesoiro-Navarrete
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Helena Larramona-Carrera
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Oscar Asensio-de la Cruz
- Pediatric Allergies, Immunology and Pneumology Unit, Pediatric Medicine Service, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (I.-A.A.); (C.B.-M.); (A.C.-G.); (M.P.-D.); (M.S.-C.); (M.G.-G.); (L.V.-N.); (H.L.-C.); (O.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Jesus Castro-Marrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.C.); (J.C.-M.)
- Division of Rheumatology, Research Unit in ME/CFS and Long COVID, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08042 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.-M.)
| | - Joan Carles Domingo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.C.); (J.C.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Metwally H. STAT Signature Dish: Serving Immunity with a Side of Dietary Control. Biomolecules 2025; 15:487. [PMID: 40305224 PMCID: PMC12024614 DOI: 10.3390/biom15040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2025] [Revised: 03/10/2025] [Accepted: 03/25/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Immunity is a fundamental aspect of animal biology, defined as the host's ability to detect and defend against harmful pathogens and toxic substances to preserve homeostasis. However, immune defenses are metabolically demanding, requiring the efficient allocation of limited resources to balance immune function with other physiological and developmental needs. To achieve this balance, organisms have evolved sophisticated signaling networks that enable precise, context-specific responses to internal and external cues. These networks are essential for survival and adaptation in multicellular systems. Central to this regulatory architecture is the STAT (signal transducer and activator of Transcription) family, a group of versatile signaling molecules that govern a wide array of biological processes across eukaryotes. STAT signaling demonstrates remarkable plasticity, from orchestrating host defense mechanisms to regulating dietary metabolism. Despite its critical role, the cell-specific and context-dependent nuances of STAT signaling remain incompletely understood, highlighting a significant gap in our understanding. This review delves into emerging perspectives on immunity, presenting dynamic frameworks to explore the complexity and adaptability of STAT signaling and the underlying logic driving cellular decision-making. It emphasizes how STAT pathways integrate diverse physiological processes, from immune responses to dietary regulation, ultimately supporting organismal balance and homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hozaifa Metwally
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, The World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI) Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rodríguez-Fernández MA, Tristán-Flores FE, Casique-Aguirre D, Negrete-Rodríguez MDLLX, Cervantes-Montelongo JA, Conde-Barajas E, Acosta-García G, Silva-Martínez GA. Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics of Cytokine-Drug Complexes for Atherosclerosis Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:2931. [PMID: 40243563 PMCID: PMC11988346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26072931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2025] [Revised: 03/19/2025] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 04/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading global cause of mortality, largely driven by atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by lipid accumulation and immune-cell infiltration in arterial walls. Macrophages play a central role by forming foam cells and secreting pro-atherogenic cytokines, such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-1β, which destabilize atherosclerotic plaques, expanding the lipid core and increasing the risk of thrombosis and ischemia. Despite the significant health burden of subclinical atherosclerosis, few targeted therapies exist. Current treatments, including monoclonal antibodies, are limited by high costs and immunosuppressive side effects, underscoring the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. In this study, we employed in silico drug repositioning to identify multitarget inhibitors against TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-1β, leveraging a virtual screening of 2750 FDA-approved drugs followed by molecular dynamics simulations to assess the stability of selected cytokine-ligand complexes. This computational approach provides structural insights into potential inhibitors. Additionally, we highlight nutraceutical options, such as fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and eicosapentaenoic acid), which exhibited strong and stable interactions with key cytokine targets. Our study suggests that these bioactive compounds could serve as effective new therapeutic approaches for atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Angélica Rodríguez-Fernández
- Posgrado de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico; (M.A.R.-F.); (F.E.T.-F.); (M.d.l.L.X.N.-R.); (E.C.-B.); (G.A.-G.)
| | - Fabiola Estefanía Tristán-Flores
- Posgrado de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico; (M.A.R.-F.); (F.E.T.-F.); (M.d.l.L.X.N.-R.); (E.C.-B.); (G.A.-G.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Diana Casique-Aguirre
- Laboratorio de Citómica del Cáncer Infantil, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Delegación Puebla, Puebla 06600, Mexico;
- Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación (SECIHTI), Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
| | - María de la Luz Xochilt Negrete-Rodríguez
- Posgrado de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico; (M.A.R.-F.); (F.E.T.-F.); (M.d.l.L.X.N.-R.); (E.C.-B.); (G.A.-G.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica y Ambiental, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico;
| | - Juan Antonio Cervantes-Montelongo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica y Ambiental, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico;
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Celaya, Celaya 38080, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Eloy Conde-Barajas
- Posgrado de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico; (M.A.R.-F.); (F.E.T.-F.); (M.d.l.L.X.N.-R.); (E.C.-B.); (G.A.-G.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica y Ambiental, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico;
| | - Gerardo Acosta-García
- Posgrado de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico; (M.A.R.-F.); (F.E.T.-F.); (M.d.l.L.X.N.-R.); (E.C.-B.); (G.A.-G.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica y Ambiental, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico;
| | - Guillermo Antonio Silva-Martínez
- Posgrado de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico; (M.A.R.-F.); (F.E.T.-F.); (M.d.l.L.X.N.-R.); (E.C.-B.); (G.A.-G.)
- Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación (SECIHTI), Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica y Ambiental, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang T, Zhao C, Fang X, Zhao J, Chao W, Bo Y, Zhou L. Healthful Plant-Based Dietary Patterns Associated with Reduced Adverse Effects of Air Pollution on COPD: Findings from a Large Cohort Study. Nutrients 2025; 17:1055. [PMID: 40292512 PMCID: PMC11946186 DOI: 10.3390/nu17061055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2025] [Revised: 03/10/2025] [Accepted: 03/12/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The potential of a plant-based diet (PD) to mitigate the adverse effects of long-term air pollution exposure on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains uncertain. This study aims to explore both the independent and synergistic impacts of air pollution components and PD on COPD risk. METHODS Annual concentrations of air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10), as well as nitrogen oxides (NOX) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), were estimated using a land-use regression model. We calculated the plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI) by evaluating scores of 17 food categories. Cox regression was performed to evaluate their individual and combined effects on COPD risk. RESULTS This prospective cohort study included 162,741 participants. Every standard deviation increase in PM2.5, NO2, and NOX exposure was associated with an increased risk of COPD, with an adjusted HR (95% CI) of 1.049 (1.019, 1.079), 1.065 (1.034, 1.096), and 1.063 (1.035, 1.092), respectively. Compared with low-quality hPDI, moderate- and high-quality hPDI were associated with a lower risk of COPD with an adjusted HR (95% CI) of 0.884 (0.827, 0.946) and 0.758 (0.697, 0.825), respectively. For the combined effects, with the level of hPDI increasing, the joint effects of hPDI with PM2.5, NO2, and NOX showed a gradually increasing negative impact on COPD risk (p-interaction = 0.001, 0.005, and 0.005, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and NOx may elevate the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whereas adherence to a high-quality hPDI could potentially counteract this association. Future research should explore the underlying biological mechanisms, assess the long-term effects of diet, and evaluate the effectiveness of dietary modifications in diverse populations to inform targeted prevention policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianrun Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (T.W.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
| | - Chenyu Zhao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Xiaoqi Fang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (T.W.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
| | - Jia Zhao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (T.W.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
| | - Wangzhe Chao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (T.W.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
| | - Yacong Bo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Liting Zhou
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (T.W.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dawczynski C, Drobner T, Weidauer T, Schlattmann P, Kiehntopf M, Weber D, Grune T, März W, Kleber ME, Lorkowski S. Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors by the diet - Evaluation of the MoKaRi concept by a parallel-designed randomized study. Lipids Health Dis 2025; 24:88. [PMID: 40057729 PMCID: PMC11889781 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-025-02500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 05/13/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The MoKaRi study aims to evaluate the impact of two nutritional concepts on cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS For our 20-week intervention study, 65 participants with moderate elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; ≥ 3 mmol/l) and without lipid-lowering therapy were recruited. The intervention to improve nutritional behavior was based on individualized menu plans which were characterized by defined energy and nutrient intake. To improve compliance, individual nutritional counselling sessions were held every two weeks. In addition to motivation, cooking skills were strengthened and nutritional knowledge was imparted. Follow-up visits were carried out after 10 and 20 weeks. RESULTS The MoKaRi diet lowered the concentrations of total cholesterol (menu plan group (MP): -15%; menu plan plus fish oil group (MP-FO): -11%), LDL-C (MP: -14%; MP-FO: -16%) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MP: -16%; MP-FO: -13%) (p < 0.001). Body weight (MP: -5%; MP-FO: -8%; p < 0.05), waist circumference (MP: -6%; MP-FO: -9%) as well as diastolic blood pressure (MP: -8%; MP-FO: -8%), apolipoprotein A1 (MP: -15%; MP-FO: -20%), apolipoprotein B (MP: -15%; MP-FO: -6%) and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (MP: -1.8%; MP-FO: -3.6%) were also reduced in both groups after 20 weeks (p < 0.05). In both intervention groups, a maximum reduction in LDL-c of approx. 26% was achieved within the 20 weeks of intervention. Individual participants achieved a reduction of 45-49%. The supplementation of fish oil on top of the menu plans resulted in more substantial effects on body weight (MP: -5% vs. MP-FO: -8%), body fat (MP: -11% vs. MP-FO: -20%), triglycerides (MP: -14% vs. MP-FO: -28%), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (MP: -19% vs. MP-FO: -43%) and HbA1c (MP: -1.8% vs. MP-FO:-3.6%; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The MoKaRi diet resulted in a significant reduction of cardiometabolic risk factors. Our data highlights the additional benefit of the combination between menu plans and fish oil supplementation, which resulted in more substantial effects on body weight, BMI, TG, HbA1c and hs-CRP. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER NCT02637778.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Dawczynski
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany.
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (Nutricard) , Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, 07743, Germany.
| | - Timo Drobner
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (Nutricard) , Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Thomas Weidauer
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (Nutricard) , Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Peter Schlattmann
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Data Science, University Hospital Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Michael Kiehntopf
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, 07747, Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Medical Clinic V, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Winfried März
- Medical Clinic V, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
- SYNLAB Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, 68161, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (Nutricard) , Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Westerman KE, Patel CJ, Meigs JB, Chasman DI, Manning AK. Decomposed interaction testing improves detection of genetic modifiers of the relationship of dietary omega-3 fatty acid intake and its plasma biomarkers with hsCRP in the UK Biobank. GENES & NUTRITION 2025; 20:3. [PMID: 40038624 PMCID: PMC11881504 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-025-00765-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]
Abstract
Discovery and translation of gene-environment interactions (GxEs) influencing clinical outcomes is limited by low statistical power and poor mechanistic understanding. Molecular omics data may help address these limitations, but their incorporation into GxE testing requires principled analytic approaches. We focused on genetic modification of the established mechanistic link between dietary long-chain omega-3 fatty acid (dN3FA) intake, plasma N3FA (pN3FA), and chronic inflammation as measured by high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP). We considered an approach that decomposes the overall genetic effect modification into components upstream and downstream of a molecular mediator to increase the potential to discover gene-N3FA interactions. Simulations demonstrated improved power of the upstream and downstream tests compared to the standard approach when the molecular mediator for many biologically plausible scenarios. The approach was applied in the UK Biobank (N = 188,700) with regression models that used measures of dN3FA (based on fish and fish oil intake), pN3FA (% of total fatty acids measured by nuclear magnetic resonance), and hsCRP. Mediation analysis showed that pN3FA fully mediated the dN3FA-hsCRP main effect relationship. Next, we separately tested modification of the dN3FA-hsCRP ("standard"), dN3FA-pN3FA ("upstream"), and pN3FA-hsCRP ("downstream") associations. The known FADS1-3 locus variant rs174535 reached p = 1.6 × 10-12 in the upstream discovery analysis, with no signal in the downstream analysis (p = 0.94). It would not have been prioritized based on a naïve analysis with dN3FA exposure and hsCRP outcome (p = 0.097), indicating the value of the decomposition approach. Gene-level enrichment testing of the genome-wide results further prioritized two genes from the downstream analysis, CBLL1 and MICA, with links to immune cell counts and function. In summary, a molecular mediator-focused interaction testing approach enhanced statistical power to identify GxEs while homing in on relevant sub-components of the dN3FA-hsCRP pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth E Westerman
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Chirag J Patel
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hirpara A, Ackert-Bicknell CL, Patel VV. Impact of Low-density Lipoprotein Levels on Rates of Pseudarthrosis After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2025; 50:294-303. [PMID: 39928296 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000005217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/11/2025]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE To understand how preoperative LDL levels, statin intake, and fish oil intake affect rates of pseudarthrosis after single-level and multilevel ACDF. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is commonly performed to treat cervical degenerative diseases or injuries causing neck pain, myelopathy, and radiculopathy. Pseudarthrosis following ACDF can lead to persistent symptoms and may require revision surgery. No studies have explored the link between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels and statin or fish oil intake on pseudarthrosis in ACDF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients undergoing ACDF were identified using TriNetX, a health care database with over 100 million patients. Pseudarthrosis rates following single-level and multilevel ACDF were compared between patients with high versus low LDL within one year before surgery. Pseudarthrosis rates were also compared between patients taking or not taking a statin as well as patients taking or not taking fish oil within six months before surgery. For all analyses, patients underwent propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio based on relevant demographic factors and comorbidities. RESULTS Patients with an LDL above 142 mg/dL, compared with below 66 mg/dL, had significantly higher rates of pseudarthrosis at six months, one year, and two years after single-level and multilevel ACDF. Patients not taking a statin or fish oil, compared with those taking a statin or fish oil, respectively, also had significantly higher rates of pseudarthrosis at all time points after multilevel ACDF, but not single-level ACDF. CONCLUSION Low LDL levels are associated with reduced rates of pseudarthrosis after single-level and multilevel ACDF. Statin and fish oil intake before surgery are also associated with reduced rates of pseudarthrosis after multilevel, but not single-level ACDF. These associations may be used for preoperative planning, patient optimization, and risk stratification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Hirpara
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yanai R, Yasunaga G, Tsuji S, Honda T, Iwata A, Miyagawa E, Yoshida K, Kishimoto M, Sakai H, Fujise Y, Asagiri M, Mitamura Y. Dietary intake of whale oil-containing ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuates choroidal neovascularization in mice. FASEB J 2025; 39:e70378. [PMID: 39937567 PMCID: PMC11818653 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202402041r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Revised: 01/16/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/13/2025]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in Western and developing countries. Since antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is available for the regression of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), it does not work for the pathophysiology of AMD so a cure is increasingly demanded. Whale oil promotes various bodily functions, such as anti-inflammatory effects for cardiovascular disease, but its physiological mechanisms are still unclarified. Here, we examined the effects of whale oil on a mouse model of AMD. The area of CNV measured in choroidal flat-mount preparations at 7 days after laser photocoagulation was significantly smaller in mice fed whale oil compared with control mice free of ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs). The plasma concentrations of ω-3 LCPUFAs were higher, whereas those of ω-6 LCPUFAs were lower in mice fed the diet containing whale oil than in those fed the control diet. The concentrations of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the retina or choroid at 3 or 7 days after CNV induction differed between the two groups of mice. Furthermore, the concentration of VEGF was decreased in the retina but increased in the choroid at 7 or 3 days after photocoagulation, respectively. Our results thus show that dietary intake of whale oil-containing ω-3 LCPUFAs attenuated CNV in association with changes in inflammatory mediator levels and VEGF expression in the retina and choroid of mice, and it, therefore, warrants further study as a means to protect against AMD in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Yanai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical SciencesTokushima University Graduate SchoolTokushimaJapan
| | | | - Shunya Tsuji
- Department of PharmacologyYamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineUbeYamaguchiJapan
| | - Takeshi Honda
- Department of PharmacologyYamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineUbeYamaguchiJapan
| | - Arihiro Iwata
- Yamaguchi Prefectural Industrial Technology InstituteUbeYamaguchiJapan
| | - Eiji Miyagawa
- Yamaguchi Prefectural Industrial Technology InstituteUbeYamaguchiJapan
| | - Koji Yoshida
- Yoshida General Techno Co., Ltd.ShimonosekiYamaguchiJapan
| | | | | | | | - Masataka Asagiri
- Department of PharmacologyYamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineUbeYamaguchiJapan
| | - Yoshinori Mitamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical SciencesTokushima University Graduate SchoolTokushimaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Khan KA, Durrani UF, Mahmood AK, Tipu MY, Fatima A, Saeed HA, Khalid AK, Ansari TS. Clinical study on wound healing properties of Nile tilapia fish skin as biological dressing in dogs. PLoS One 2025; 20:e0286864. [PMID: 40019884 PMCID: PMC11870337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Frequency of clinical cases of dogs with massive skin losses is very high in urban areas of Pakistan following road accidents, sharp objects exposure and attack by other dog. These cases need intensive veterinary assistance for safe and speedy healing of wounds. Recently, skin of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) is internationally gaining hype in medical field as biological dressing to boost dermatological reconstruction process. Nile tilapia skin is a recent research trend and a very limited research data is available on this topic for both human and animal subjects. This study was conducted at Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan considering the wound healing promoter properties of Nile tilapia skin as a biological dressing for dogs with massive skin losses. Aim of this study was to evaluate Nile tilapia fish skin as wound healing promoter biological dressing following sutured and non-sutured application techniques. For this study 10 clinical cases of dogs were randomly selected as per set criteria and divided into groups A and B comprising 5 dogs each. Consent document was signed by each dog owner for volunteer participation in this study. Nile tilapia skin was collected from fresh subjects and treated with 10% povidone-iodine for 10-15 minutes to prepare biological dressing. In group A, biological dressing was sutured on wound (non-absorbable silk suture material) on the area with dermal loss. In group B, biological dressing was applied in a wrap manner on area of dermal loss without application of sutures. Wound healing was evaluated grossly and histologically on days 0, 7 and 14. Statistical analysis of comparison between groups A and B revealed that application of Nile tilapia skin derived biological dressing in wrap fashion results in fast and complication-free wound healing as compared to sutured tilapia biological dressing in dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khizer Ahmed Khan
- Department of Small Animal and Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Farid Durrani
- Department of Small Animal and Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asim Khalid Mahmood
- Department of Small Animal and Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin Tipu
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amber Fatima
- Department of Small Animal and Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ahmad Saeed
- Department of Small Animal and Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Karim Khalid
- Department of Small Animal and Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tuba Shuja Ansari
- Department of Small Animal and Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nakamura C, Matsubara A, Nomura A, Takahata J, Sawada K, Nakaji S. The relationship of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids intake and serum concentrations on inhalant allergen sensitization and allergic rhinitis development. Allergol Int 2025:S1323-8930(25)00004-8. [PMID: 40000320 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2024.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 12/15/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of allergic rhinitis may be attributed to lifestyle changes such as dietary habits. Regarding dietary factors, n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis. Therefore, we examined whether the intake and serum concentrations of fatty acids affect inhaled allergen sensitization and the development of allergic rhinitis. METHODS In total, 571 participants (20-69 years) from the Iwaki Health Promotion Project, a community-based project in 2022, were surveyed. Based on the results of PUFA intake and serum fatty acid concentrations obtained using a self-administered diet-history questionnaire, we examined whether n-3 or n-6 PUFAs were involved in reducing or increasing the risk of sensitization, respectively, and developing the disease. We also analyzed whether monounsaturated fatty acids-palmitoleic acid and oleic acid-were risk factors for sensitization and development. Univariate dietary intake, serum concentration, and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors. RESULTS Our study revealed that higher serum concentrations of n-3 PUFAs were associated with a decreased risk of developing rhinitis, but had no effect on allergen sensitization in younger age group <50 years. Furthermore, palmitoleic acid had increased sensitization, and oleic acid may also increase the risk of the allergen sensitization. CONCLUSIONS n-3 PUFAs may reduce the risk of developing allergic rhinitis. Notably, palmitoleic acid may be a new risk factor that increases the risk of inhalant allergen sensitization and allergic rhinitis. These findings are significant in understanding the role of dietary factors in allergic rhinitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Nakamura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsubara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
| | - Ayami Nomura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Junko Takahata
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kaori Sawada
- Department of Preemptive Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nakaji
- Department of Preemptive Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Setty BY, Maddipati KR, Keith SW, Shimada A, Sheerer P, Miller RE. Plasma oxylipins in children with sickle cell disease: Associations with biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial activation. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2025; 205:102670. [PMID: 40036911 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2025] [Accepted: 02/20/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]
Abstract
Oxylipins are polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived inflammatory mediators, and include both pro-inflammatory (prostaglandins, thromboxane, leukotrienes), and pro-resolving (lipoxins, E-resolvins, D-resolvins, protectins, maresins) molecules. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inflammatory pathology. We profiled plasma oxylipins in SCD (n = 45) and control children (n = 24), and evaluated their associations with inflammatory biomarkers, and SCD clinical history. We demonstrated the presence of PGE2, TxB2, RvE2, RvD1, AT-RvD3, and numerous monohydroxy-PUFAs in both SCD and control plasma. Levels of TxB2, RvD1, 12-HETE, 5-HEPE, and 7-HDoHE were significantly increased in SCD. 12-HETE and 5-HEPE correlated positively with IL-6 and IL-1β, respectively, while 15-HETE negatively associated with soluble-ICAM-1. 7-HDoHE levels were significantly lower in children with a history of VOC and ACS compared to those without any clinical complications. Since RvD1 is a pro-resolving mediator, the observed increase in RvD1 in SCD may reflect a host mechanism attempting to mitigate disease-associated chronic inflammation by promoting resolution of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bn Yamaja Setty
- Lisa Dean Moseley Foundation Institute for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours Children's Health-Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA.
| | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Lipidomic Core Facility, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Scott W Keith
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ayako Shimada
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pari Sheerer
- Lisa Dean Moseley Foundation Institute for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours Children's Health-Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Robin E Miller
- Lisa Dean Moseley Foundation Institute for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours Children's Health-Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Akay MB, Sener K, Sari S, Bodur E. Inhibitor Action of Unsaturated Fatty Acids on Equine Serum Butyrylcholinesterase. Protein J 2025:10.1007/s10930-025-10259-8. [PMID: 39987389 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-025-10259-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2025] [Indexed: 02/24/2025]
Abstract
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; EC 3.1.1.8), a serine hydrolase found in various tissues, hydrolyses choline esters such as acetylcholine and succinylcholine, as well as other esters such as heroin and acetylsalicylic acid. It is considered to play a role in lipid metabolism as it belongs to the same enzyme group as lipases and its catalytic subunits are similar. In this study, the effects of unsaturated fatty acids, namely arachidonic (AA), linoleic (LA), alpha-linolenic (ALA) and oleic acid (OA), on equine serum BChE (EqBChE) were investigated. Enzyme activity was measured by the modified Ellman method. When the activity results were evaluated, the IC50 values were found 45.49, 8.465, 1556, and 56.57 μM; while the Ki values were 63.92, 11.46, 1800, and 15.24 μM for AA, ALA, LA, and OA, respectively. Analysis of the kinetic results showed that ALA was compatible with mixed inhibition and other fatty acids were compatible with non-competitive inhibition, a special type of mixed inhibition. Molecular docking predicted binding of the fatty acids to the active site, as well as to predicted allosteric sites. The results of this study provide another support to the hypothesis that cholinesterases are associated with lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Berk Akay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Kubra Sener
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara, 06500, Turkey
| | - Suat Sari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Ebru Bodur
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wittlinger JP, Castejón N, Hausmann B, Berry D, Schnorr SL. Shewanella is a putative producer of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the gut soil of the composting earthworm Eisenia fetida. Appl Environ Microbiol 2025; 91:e0206924. [PMID: 39817738 PMCID: PMC11837533 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02069-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a crucial role in aiding bacteria to adapt to extreme and stressful environments. While there is a well-established understanding of their production, accrual, and transfer within marine ecosystems, knowledge about terrestrial environments remains limited. Investigation of the intestinal microbiome of earthworms has illuminated the presence of PUFAs presumably of microbial origin, which contrasts with the surrounding soil. To comprehensively study this phenomenon, a multi-faceted approach was employed, combining fatty acid analysis with amplicon sequencing of the PfaA-KS domain of the anaerobic fatty acid synthase gene (pfa), as well as the 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes. This methodology was applied to scrutinize the gut microbiome of Eisenia fetida, its compost-based dietary source, and the resultant castings. This study unveiled a distinct gut soil ecosystem from input compost and output castings in fatty acid profile as well as type and abundance of organisms. 16S sequencing provided insights into the microbial composition, showing increased relative abundance of certain Pseudomonadota, including Shewanellaceae, and Planctomycetota, including Gemmataceae within the gut microbiome compared to input bulk soil compost, while Actinomycetota and Bacillota were relatively enriched compared to the casted feces. Sequencing of the PfaA-KS domain revealed amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) belonging primarily to Shewanella. Intriguingly, the 20C PUFAs were identified only in gut soil samples, though PfaA-KS sequence abundance was highest in output castings, indicating a unique metabolism occurring only in the gut. Overall, the results indicate that Shewanella can explain PUFA enrichment in the gut environment because of the pfa gene presence detected via PfaA-KS sequence data.IMPORTANCEPrior research has demonstrated that earthworm microbiomes can potentially harbor polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that are not found within their residing soil environment. Moreover, distinct indicator species have been pinpointed for various microbial genera in earthworm microbiomes. Nevertheless, none of these studies have integrated metataxonomic and fatty acid analyses to explore the origin of PUFA synthesis in any earthworm species, with the objective of identifying the specific organisms and locations responsible for this production. This study suggests that earthworms accumulate PUFAs produced from bacteria, especially Shewanella, activated through the gut ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Philpp Wittlinger
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Natalia Castejón
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Applied Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Berry
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie L. Schnorr
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nađ T, Kolobarić N, Mihaljević Z, Drenjančević I, Šušnjara P, Stupin A, Kardum D, Kralik Z, Kralik G, Košević M, Jukić I. Effect of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Enriched Chicken Meat Consumption in Relation to Oxidative Stress Marker Levels in Young Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Double-Blind Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2025; 14:204. [PMID: 40002390 PMCID: PMC11852193 DOI: 10.3390/antiox14020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2025] [Revised: 01/31/2025] [Accepted: 02/08/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are considered important risk contributors for various diseases. Over the last few decades, increasing attention has been focused on the role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in human health and disease. We aimed to evaluate the effect of n-3 PUFA-enriched chicken meat consumption (~1500 mg of n-3 PUFAs intake per day) for three weeks on oxidative status and antioxidative capacity in young healthy individuals. This was a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial, in which thirty-nine young healthy people were randomly allocated to eating 500 g/day of regular chicken meat (Control group) or n-3 PUFA-enriched chicken meat (n-3 PUFAs group) over 3 weeks. Subjects' biochemical parameters, including serum lipids level, liver enzymes, serum activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD)), serum oxidative stress markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and ferric-reducing ability (FRAP)), as well as intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were assessed before and after completing the three-week dietary protocol. N-3-enriched chicken meat consumption significantly reduced high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) serum level and increased the level of the antioxidant defense marker, FRAP. Furthermore, GPx and SOD enzyme activities significantly increased in the n-3 PUFAs group compared to baseline, which was accompanied by significantly decreased ROS production. In healthy young individuals, the 3-week dietary intake of n-3 PUFA-enriched chicken meat significantly increased the serum total antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, indicating that n-3 PUFAs may be protective in resting health condition without inflammatory processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tihana Nađ
- Clinic of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia;
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Nikolina Kolobarić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.K.); (Z.M.); (I.D.); (A.S.)
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, University of Osijek, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Zrinka Mihaljević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.K.); (Z.M.); (I.D.); (A.S.)
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, University of Osijek, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Ines Drenjančević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.K.); (Z.M.); (I.D.); (A.S.)
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, University of Osijek, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Petar Šušnjara
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Drinska 16a, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Ana Stupin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.K.); (Z.M.); (I.D.); (A.S.)
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, University of Osijek, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Darjan Kardum
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia;
- Department of Neonatology, Zadar General Hospital, B. Peričića 5, HR-23000 Zadar, Croatia
| | - Zlata Kralik
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, University of Osijek, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.)
- Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Gordana Kralik
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, University of Osijek, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.)
- Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Manuela Košević
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, University of Osijek, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.)
- Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivana Jukić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.K.); (Z.M.); (I.D.); (A.S.)
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, University of Osijek, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.K.); (G.K.); (M.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Otaegui L, Urgin T, Zaiter T, Zussy C, Vitalis M, Pellequer Y, Acar N, Vigor C, Galano JM, Durand T, Givalois L, Béduneau A, Desrumaux C. Nose-to-brain delivery of DHA-loaded nanoemulsions: A promising approach against Alzheimer's disease. Int J Pharm 2025; 670:125125. [PMID: 39788398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.125125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025]
Abstract
Reduced docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations seem to be associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and DHA accretion to the brain across the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) can be modulated by various factors. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify an efficient and non-invasive method to ensure brain DHA enrichment. In the present study, a safe and stable DHA-enriched nanoemulsion, designed to protect DHA against oxidation, was designed and administered intranasally in a transgenic mouse model of AD, the J20 mice. Intranasal treatment with nanoformulated DHA significantly improved well-being and working spatial memory in six-months-old J20 mice. These behavioral effects were associated with a reduction of amyloid deposition, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in brain tissues, which may be partially due to DHA-induced inactivation of the pleiotropic kinase GSK3β. In conclusion, intranasal DHA administration exhibited strong therapeutic effects and disease-modifying benefits in the J20 AD model. Given that DHA has already shown safety and tolerability in healthy human subjects, our results further support the need for clinical trials to assess the potential of this approach in Alzheimer's patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Léa Otaegui
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Théo Urgin
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France; LipSTIC LabEx (ANR-11-LABX0021), Dijon, France
| | - Taghrid Zaiter
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR 1098 RIGHT, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Charleine Zussy
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Vitalis
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Yann Pellequer
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR 1098 RIGHT, F-25000 Besançon, France; LipSTIC LabEx (ANR-11-LABX0021), Dijon, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; LipSTIC LabEx (ANR-11-LABX0021), Dijon, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- IBMM, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- IBMM, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- IBMM, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Givalois
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CR-CHUQ, Québec City (QC), Canada
| | - Arnaud Béduneau
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR 1098 RIGHT, F-25000 Besançon, France; LipSTIC LabEx (ANR-11-LABX0021), Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Desrumaux
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France; LipSTIC LabEx (ANR-11-LABX0021), Dijon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Samà M, Musillo C, Cirulli F. Counteracting the effects of maternal obesity on offspring neurodevelopment through Omega-3-based nutritional strategies. Neuroscience 2025; 566:142-148. [PMID: 39722288 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2024] [Revised: 12/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly recognized that, in addition to psychological stress, unbalanced maternal nutritional habits can threaten fetal brain development. Maternal obesity is one of the most pressing public health problems facing the world today, as about 40% of pregnant women are obese or gain excessive weight worldwide. This condition can negatively impact offspring's brain development, increasing the risk for autism spectrum disorders, cognitive deficits, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as anxiety and depression. In the context of fetal development, nutritional interventions may represent a feasible and safe approach for preventing the negative effects of maternal obesity. We argue that maternal Omega-3 supplementation, among the many dietary strategies available, is especially promising as it buffers oxidative stress and inflammation, both recognized as candidate mechanisms underlying the negative long-term effects of maternal obesity on the offspring. Notwithstanding the current knowledge, both preclinical studies and clinical trials are needed to refine current strategies addressing dietary content and length of administration according to individual characteristics and needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Samà
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Musillo
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299 00161, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Narayan D, Vlasschaert C, Day AG, Norman P, Rauh MJ, Maslove DM. Association of Omega-3 Status With Long-Term Risk of Hospitalization for Sepsis. Crit Care Med 2025:00003246-990000000-00447. [PMID: 39898761 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000006593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by a dysregulated host response to infection. Despite decades of clinical trials, there are no specific treatments; care of the nearly 50 million annual cases worldwide is limited to antimicrobials and supportive measures. A primary prevention strategy may therefore be of value. We hypothesized that higher premorbid omega-3 fatty acid levels would be associated with a reduced incidence of sepsis. DESIGN Population-based cohort study. SETTING Retrospective data from the United Kingdom (U.K. Biobank). PATIENTS Two hundred seventy-three thousand three hundred twenty-five participants from the U.K. Biobank. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Our exposure was baseline estimated omega-3 index (eO3I), modeled both categorically in quartiles, and continuously with restricted cubic splines. Our outcome measure was hospital admission with an International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition code consistent with sepsis. The median (interquartile range) baseline eO3I was 6.0% (4.8-7.3%). Over a mean follow-up period of 13 years, 9241 participants experienced hospitalization with sepsis. In our adjusted model, compared with the lowest eO3I quartile, participants had lower risks of sepsis incidence in the second quartile (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% CI, 0.86-0.91; p < 0.001), third quartile (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.78-0.83; p < 0.001), and fourth quartile (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.73-0.77; p < 0.001). When analyzed as a continuous variable, increasing eO3I was associated with a decreasing risk of sepsis (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this population-based cohort study, baseline eO3I was inversely associated with subsequent sepsis incidence. Given that omega-3 levels can be increased with dietary supplementation, primary prevention should be explored to mitigate the burden of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deo Narayan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Andrew G Day
- Kingston General Health Research Institute and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Norman
- Kingston General Health Research Institute and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J Rauh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - David M Maslove
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Kingston General Health Research Institute and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Therdyothin A, Prokopidis K, Galli F, Witard OC, Isanejad M. The effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on muscle and whole-body protein synthesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2025; 83:e131-e143. [PMID: 38777807 PMCID: PMC11723138 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Sarcopenia describes the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength that is driven, at least in part, by an imbalance between rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown. An expanding body of literature has examined the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) ingestion on MPS rates in older adults, with mixed findings. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of n-3 PUFA ingestion in stimulating rates of MPS and whole-body protein synthesis in healthy adults and clinical populations. DATA SOURCES Searches were conducted of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases from inception until December 2022 for articles on randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of n-3 PUFA ingestion vs a control or placebo on rates of MPS and whole-body protein synthesis. The search yielded 302 studies, of which 8 were eligible for inclusion. DATA EXTRACTION The random effects inverse-variance model was used and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95%CIs were calculated to assess the pooled effect. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 tool. DATA ANALYSIS The main analysis indicated no effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on MPS rates (k = 6; SMD: 0.03; 95%CI, -0.35 to 0.40; I2 = 30%; P = .89). Subgroup analysis based on age, n-3 PUFA dose, duration of supplementation, and method used to measure fractional synthetic rate also revealed no effect of n-3 PUFA ingestion on MPS. In contrast, the main analysis demonstrated an effect of n-3 PUFA ingestion on increasing whole-body protein synthesis rates (k = 3; SMD: 0.51; 95%CI, 0.12-0.90; I2 = 0%; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS n-3 PUFA ingestion augments the stimulation of whole-body protein synthesis rates in healthy adults and clinical populations. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. 42022366986.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atiporn Therdyothin
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, United Kingdom
- Department of Orthopedics, Police General Hospital, Bangkok, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Konstantinos Prokopidis
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Piazza dell'Università, 1, Perugia PG, 06123, Italy
| | - Oliver C Witard
- Centre of Human & Applied Physiological Research, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Masoud Isanejad
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Almassri HF, Abdul Kadir A, Srour M, Foo LH. The effects of Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D supplementation on the quality of life and blood inflammation markers in newly diagnosed breast cancer women: An open-labelled randomised controlled trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2025; 65:64-75. [PMID: 39577691 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Nutritional intervention is one of the primary steps to improvement of health status and quality of life (QoL) in patients with cancer treated by chemotherapy. There is limited evidence on the potential nutritional intervention to complement active oncological treatment strategies in breast cancer (BC) patients in developing countries. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of omega-3 fatty acids (ω3) and vitamin D3 (VitD) supplementations on the QoL and blood inflammation markers of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) assessed among women newly diagnosed with BC in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. METHODS A total of 88 BC women were randomly assigned into one of four groups: i) omega-3 fatty acid (ω3) group; ii) vitamin D (VitD) group; iii) ω3+VitD group, and iv) the control. Participants were received either two 300 mg ω3 capsules daily, or one 50,000IU VitD tablet weekly, or both supplementation for 9-weeks. The QoL status was assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) instruments of QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 tools, while blood inflammatory markers of TNF-α hsCRP were used. All measurements were taken from baseline to the end of the intervention period. The detailed procedures of the present study were registered on ClinicalTrial.gov with the identifier NCT05331807. RESULTS At the end of the trial, participants in the ω3+VitD group showed a significant increase in overall global health status (p < 0.01) compared to other groups. Additionally, this group showed significantly higher functional scores (all p < 0.05) and lower scores for fatigue (p < 0.01), nausea and vomiting, pain, and appetite loss (all p < 0.05) at the end of the trial compared to baseline. Furthermore, comparisons between the intervention groups revealed a significant difference in blood concentrations of TNF-α and hsCRP (p < 0.05). These significant differences were identified in hsCRP between ω3 and control groups (p < 0.01). The ω3+VitD group demonstrated a significant reduction in both hsCRP and TNF-α levels (both p < 0.05) from baseline. No significant changes in blood inflammatory markers were observed within the ω3 or VitD groups alone. CONCLUSION Participants receiving daily ω3 and weekly VitD supplementation for 9 weeks showed a significant improved in QoL and blood inflammation markers among the newly diagnosed BC during their chemotherapy treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heba F Almassri
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Azidah Abdul Kadir
- School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammed Srour
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Palestine, Gaza Strip, Palestine.
| | - Leng Huat Foo
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li Y, Li G, Feng J, Li S, Liu N. Advances in Research on Marine Natural Products for Modulating the Inflammatory Microenvironment. Phytother Res 2025; 39:1238-1258. [PMID: 39844461 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 11/14/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025]
Abstract
In recent years, marine natural products (MNPs) have emerged as crucial sources of lead compounds for the advancement of anti-inflammatory drugs due to their abundant diversity, complexity, and distinctiveness. Inflammatory microenvironments (IMEs) are pervasive pathological features in the etiology of various chronic diseases, referring to the localized milieu or ecosystem where inflammatory responses occur, and they play a pivotal role in the onset and progression of inflammatory diseases. Uncontrolled IMEs can lead to dysregulation of inflammatory mediators within signaling pathways, thereby exerting detrimental effects on human health and even contributing to the development of inflammatory diseases such as cancer. Currently, inflammation treatment predominantly relies on chemical drugs. Nevertheless, these existing therapies are constrained by their numerous side effects and slow remission of symptoms. Consequently, there is an urgent need for the discovery and development of new drugs that exhibit minimal side effects while exerting potent anti-inflammatory effects. This article extensively explored the activities and mechanisms of MNPs (covering studies from 2010 to 2024) regulating key signaling pathways and inflammatory mediators in the IME, which establishes a theoretical basis for the further development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Li
- International Research Centre for Food and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- International Research Centre for Food and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Feng
- International Research Centre for Food and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songlin Li
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Liu
- International Research Centre for Food and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fan R, Kim J, Kim YC, Chung S. Effects of Fish Oil with Heat Treatment on Obesity, Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota in Ovariectomized Mice. Nutrients 2025; 17:549. [PMID: 39940405 PMCID: PMC11820760 DOI: 10.3390/nu17030549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Menopause induces substantial metabolic changes, including a reduction in metabolic rate and an elevated risk of developing metabolic diseases. Fish oil (FO) supplementation has been shown to ameliorate menopause-associated metabolic risks. Hyperthermia treatment (HT) has recently gained attention for its potential to improve metabolic and immune health. However, it remains to be determined whether HT can confer metabolic benefits comparable to those of FO supplementation or enhance the metabolic benefits of FO supplementation. This study aims to delineate the distinctive and collaborative effects of HT and FO supplementation in mitigating menopause-associated metabolic dysfunction. Methods: Female C57BL/6 ovariectomized (OVX) mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 12/group) to evaluate the individual and combined effects of FO supplementation (5% w/w) and HT treatment. For HT, whole-body heat exposure was conducted at 40-41 °C for 30 min, 5 days per week. After 12 weeks, animals were used to evaluate the changes in glucose and lipid metabolism, obesity outcome, and inflammatory markers. The gut microbiome analysis was conducted from cecal content by 16S rRNA sequencing. Acute inflammation was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection to evaluate inflammatory responses. Results: HT alone distinctively reduced weight gain, lowered core body temperature, and attenuated insulin resistance comparable to FO supplement in OVX mice. The collaborative effect of FO and HT was not evident in metabolic parameters but more prominent in attenuating proinflammatory responses and microbiota modulation. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the combined treatment of FO supplementation and HT may serve as an effective strategy to mitigate menopause-associated immune susceptibility and metabolic dysfunction. These benefits are likely mediated, at least in part, through the reduction in inflammation and modulation of the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Soonkyu Chung
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (R.F.); (J.K.); (Y.-C.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gupta SK, Gupta A, Choudhary JS, Foysal MJ, Gupta R, Sarkar B, Krishnani KK. Dietary Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds oil supplementation augments growth performance and gut microbial composition in Labeo rohita fingerlings. Sci Rep 2025; 15:1866. [PMID: 39805931 PMCID: PMC11730598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-83102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the supplemental effects of chia seed oil (CSO) on the growth performance and modulation of intestinal microbiota in Labeo rohita fingerlings. Four diets were formulated with graded levels of CSO: 1.0%, 2.0%, and 3.0% represented as CSO (1), CSO (2), and, CSO (3) groups alongside a control group without CSO. L. rohita fingerlings (n = 180) (mean weight = 19.74 ± 0.33 g) were randomly distributed in triplicates for 60 days to these treatment groups. The results depicted significant improvements (p < 0.05) in weight gain (WG) %, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) in the group supplemented with the lowest level of CSO. Gut microbial analysis evidenced the ability of CSO at 1.0% to augment the relative abundance of bacterial phyla such as Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidota, Fusobacteria and Firmicutes, as well as genera Luteolibacter and Cetobacterium, indicating higher alpha diversity compared to the control. Principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) demonstrated a distinct composition of microbial communities in CSO-supplemented groups relative to the control (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis further revealed a significant (p < 0.05) association of specific microbial taxa with growth performance parameters. The predictions of metabolic pathways suggested the involvement of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolic pathways in the CSO (1) group, indicating improved nutrient transport and metabolism. Overall, the findings highlight the beneficial effects of 1.0% CSO supplementation on growth performance and modulation of gut microbiota in L. rohita fingerlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Namkum, Ranchi, 834010, India.
- School of Molecular Diagnostics, Prophylactics and Nanobiotechnology (SMDPN), ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Garhkhatanga, Ranchi, 834003, India.
| | - Akruti Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Namkum, Ranchi, 834010, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825301, India
| | - Jaipal Singh Choudhary
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Plandu, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834010, India
| | - Md Javed Foysal
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Rajan Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Namkum, Ranchi, 834010, India
| | - Biplab Sarkar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Namkum, Ranchi, 834010, India
| | - K K Krishnani
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Namkum, Ranchi, 834010, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ahmad S, Singh A, Akram W, Upadhyay A, Abrol GS. Algal lipids: A review on current status and future prospects in food processing. J Food Sci 2025; 90:e17618. [PMID: 39786345 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2024] [Revised: 11/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025]
Abstract
The consumer demand for functional foods derived from natural sources has been enhanced due to health-promoting effects. Algae are widely available globally as a sustainable source of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Algal lipids are underexplored natural sources that exhibit several nutraceutical effects and applications in fortification, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Both macro- and microalgae are composed of high-quality lipids. These latter involve polar lipids, nonpolar lipids, and essential fatty acids. Therefore, this review aimed to bring out knowledge on the chemistry of various lipids isolated and identified from micro- and macroalgae. Further, their extraction using traditional thermal (solid-liquid, and liquid-liquid) and advanced nonthermal (supercritical fluid, microwave-, ultrasound-, and enzyme-assisted) techniques has been explored. Along with this, bioactivities of algal lipids have been discussed. This study explored algal lipids in advancing sustainable food processing technologies that contribute positively to environmental sustainability and global health, in line with United Nations Sustainable Development GroupUnited Nations Sustainable Development Group UNSDGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ahmad
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Postharvest Technology, Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wasim Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashutosh Upadhyay
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Ghan Shyam Abrol
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Schmieta HM, Greupner T, Schneider I, Wrobel S, Christa V, Kutzner L, Hahn A, Harris WS, Schebb NH, Schuchardt JP. Plasma levels of EPA and DHA after ingestion of a single dose of EPA and DHA ethyl esters. Lipids 2025; 60:15-23. [PMID: 39299684 PMCID: PMC11717491 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFA), specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n3), are essential for maintaining health. To better understand their biology, it is important to define their bioavailability. The aim of this cross-over study was to investigate and compare the acute effects on plasma EPA and DHA levels after single doses of EPA oil (99% pure) and DHA (97% pure) ethyl esters. Twelve men aged 20-40 years with a body-mass-index of 20-27 kg/m2 and low fish consumption were recruited. Several measures (e.g., 4-week run-in period, standardized diet, and blood collection protocols) were taken to reduce the inter-individual variability of plasma fatty acids levels. Using a cross-over design, the subjects received 2.2 g of EPA in the first test period and 2.3 g of DHA in the second. The test periods were separated by 2 weeks. Blood samples were taken before dosing and after 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The mean ± SE maximum concentrations for EPA were higher than for DHA (115 ± 11 μg/mL vs. 86 ± 12 μg/mL; p = 0.05). The mean ± SE incremented area under the plasma concentration curve over 72 h for EPA (2461 ± 279 μg/mL) was 2.4 times higher (p < 0.001) than that for DHA (1021 ± 170 μg/mL). The mean ± SE half-life was for EPA and DHA was 45 ± 8 and 66 ± 12 h. Our results indicate that EPA administration in single doses leads to higher circulating plasma levels of EPA compared to an effect of an equivalent dose of DHA on DHA plasma levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Theresa Greupner
- Institute of Food and One HealthLeibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany
| | - Inga Schneider
- Institute of Food and One HealthLeibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany
| | - Sonja Wrobel
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
| | - Vanessa Christa
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
| | - Laura Kutzner
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Institute of Food and One HealthLeibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany
| | - William S. Harris
- The Fatty Acid Research InstituteSioux FallsSouth DakotaUSA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of MedicineUniversity of South DakotaSioux FallsSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
| | - Jan Philipp Schuchardt
- Institute of Food and One HealthLeibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany
- The Fatty Acid Research InstituteSioux FallsSouth DakotaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu Q, Liu Y, Feng H, Zhao L, Wan T. Exploring genetic associations in systemic lupus erythematosus through Mendelian randomization: implications for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Clin Rheumatol 2025; 44:193-205. [PMID: 39126578 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-07094-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a significant health burden. There is an essential need for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve diagnosis and management. Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to explore causal links between SLE and various biomarkers like immune cells, metabolites, and inflammatory cytokines using multiple databases. Initially, biomarkers significantly associated with SLE were identified. Bidirectional MR helped clarify these relationships, and a two-step mediation MR examined their effects on SLE risk. Intersection analysis was used to identify biomarkers with consistent effects across datasets. Four biomarkers were identified as having significant associations with SLE risk: 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-GPI levels [odds ratio (OR), 1.379; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.180 to 1.613; FDR, 0.046], IL-17A levels (OR, 2.197; 95% CI, 1.412 to 3.418; FDR, 0.044), N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG) levels (OR, 0.882; 95% CI, 0.831 to 0.936; FDR, 0.030), and ribitol levels (OR, 0.743; 95% CI, 0.644 to 0.857; FDR, 0.012). Bidirectional MR showed an inverse effect of NAAG on IL-17A levels (OR, 0.978; 95% CI, 0.962 to 0.994; p = 0.006). Mediation analysis indicated that NAAG influenced SLE risk both directly (beta = - 0.108) and indirectly through IL-17A (beta = - 0.018), highlighting the potential mediating role of IL-17A. After expanding the significance criteria to p < 0.05, intersection analysis across multiple datasets revealed 29 biomarkers with consistent beta directions, including 19 potential risk factors (beta > 0) and 10 protective factors (beta < 0) for SLE. This research has revealed significant genetic associations with SLE and demonstrated that IL-17A mediates the relationship between NAAG levels and SLE risk, highlighting potential new targets for personalized therapeutic interventions. Key Points • This study employs MR to identify significant genetic associations between various biomarkers and SLE, providing novel insights into potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. • Four key biomarkers were identified as significantly associated with SLE risk: 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-GPI, IL-17A, N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG), and ribitol. • The findings suggest that NAAG levels have a protective effect against SLE, partly mediated through IL-17A, indicating a complex interplay between these biomarkers in the pathogenesis of SLE. • Intersectional analysis across multiple datasets revealed 29 biomarkers with consistent effects on SLE risk, highlighting new directions for future research and potential personalized therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, 8th Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Department of Zhantansi Outpatient, Jingzhong Medical District of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, 8th Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, 8th Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lamon-Fava S. Associations between omega-3 fatty acid-derived lipid mediators and markers of inflammation in older subjects with low-grade chronic inflammation. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2025; 176:106948. [PMID: 39756792 PMCID: PMC11835203 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2025.106948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 01/02/2025] [Accepted: 01/02/2025] [Indexed: 01/07/2025]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the United States and globally, is a chronic inflammatory disease likely caused by an impaired ability to resolve inflammation. Pre-clinical studies have provided strong evidence of the activating role of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) derived from the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the resolution of inflammation. However, there is a dearth of information on the role of SPMs on inflammation in humans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether plasma concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids and their derived SPMs are associated with inflammatory markers in subjects with low-grade chronic inflammation (C-reactive protein >2 µg/mL). The plasma phospholipid content of omega-3 fatty acids, a marker of dietary intake, plasma concentrations of SPMs, and serum concentrations of inflammatory markers were measured in 21 older men and postmenopausal women (age 53-73 y) at the end of a four-week placebo phase (3 g/day high oleic acid sunflower oil). The phospholipid DHA content was inversely related to interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and IL-10 concentrations. Moreover, MCP-1 was inversely associated with the DHA-derived 14-HDHA and 4-HDHA, and IL-10 was inversely associated with EPA-derived 18-HEPE, 12-HEPE and 5-HEPE, DPA-derived Rv5DPA, and DHA-derived 4-HDHA. These findings support the anti-inflammatory effect of dietary omega-3 fatty and suggest that lipid mediators derived from EPA, DPA, and DHA participate in the regulation of inflammation in subjects with chronic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Lamon-Fava
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging and Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li X, Qin X, Xie Y, Wang L, Wang J, Ji S, Jiang H, Wang Q. Metabolic Characterization of Cerebrospinal Fluid for Patients With Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Preliminary Study. CNS Neurosci Ther 2025; 31:e70203. [PMID: 39749658 PMCID: PMC11696248 DOI: 10.1111/cns.70203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 11/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolomics offers promise in uncovering potential biomarkers and understanding the pathophysiology of autoimmune encephalitis (AE), which is a cluster of disorders with the host immune system targeting self-antigens expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). In this research, our objective was to explore metabolic characterization in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from individuals with AE, aiming to shed light on the pathophysiology of AE. METHODS A targeted approach was applied using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) system to study CSF metabolites in patients with AE (n = 18), and control subjects without neurological diseases (n = 17). RESULTS A total of 21 potential biomarkers were acquired by getting the intersection of the differential metabolites from univariate statistics and multidimensional statistics between the AE (cell-based assay panel, CBA-panel) group and the control group. Specifically, the levels of pyruvic acid and oxoglutaric acid were notably elevated in the AE(CBA-panel) group compared to those in the control group, indicating that the dysregulated TCA cycle may play a pivotal role in the progression of AE(CBA-panel). Interestingly, 27 potential biomarkers were acquired by getting the intersection of the differential metabolites from univariate statistics and multidimensional statistics between the anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) group and the control group, suggesting that the disparities between patients with greater homogeneity and the controls are amplified. In addition, seven differential metabolites were identified by the univariate statistics between the AE (tissue-based assay, TBA) group and the control group, including alpha-linolenic acid and gamma-linolenic acid, suggesting that dysregulated biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism might be crucial in the AE(TBA) disease course. CONCLUSION Collectively, distinct metabolic profiles were evident in the CSF of the AE group compared to the control group, notably involving metabolites associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, which helped to elucidate the pathophysiology of AE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyangHubeiChina
| | - Xiaoxiao Qin
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Xie
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyangHubeiChina
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational MedicineShanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina
| | - Jinwen Wang
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational MedicineShanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina
| | - Shushen Ji
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational MedicineShanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina
| | - Huihui Jiang
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational MedicineShanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for Clinical Medicine of Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Surekha MV, Meur G, Suneetha N, Balakrishna N, Kumar PU, Tulja B, Reddy KS, Ibrahim A, Sunitha P. COVID-19 Serostatus Does Not Affect the Intrauterine Transfer of Micronutrients and Fatty Acids or Maternal-fetal Lymphocyte Cell Composition: An Observational Study. Am J Perinatol 2024. [PMID: 39719143 DOI: 10.1055/a-2480-5329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies on the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on pregnant mothers and their newborns, specifically in relation to their micronutrient status, fatty acids (FAs), and inflammatory status are sparse. We hypothesized that COVID-19 infection would adversely affect the transfer of nutrients, and FAs from mothers to their fetuses via the umbilical cord and maternal-fetal distribution of inflammatory cells. This study aimed to determine the effect of COVID-19 on micronutrients, inflammatory markers, and FAs profiles in pregnant mothers and their newborns' cord blood. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study of 212 pregnant mothers in the third trimester and their newborns, recruited after testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serostatus. Peripheral blood of mothers and cord blood were collected at birth and analyzed for vitamin B12 (Vit B12), folic acid, 25(OH)D3, FAs, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Student's t-test or analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to express statistical significance. Non-normal data were tested using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test, with proportions compared with the chi-square test. RESULTS Vit B12 levels were significantly low and adrenic acid levels significantly high in COVID-19 seropositive mothers while 25(OH)D3 was significantly low in seropositive cord blood. Irrespective of COVID-19 serostatus, folate, vit B12, saturated FA levels were significantly high in cord blood indicating their increased transfer from mothers to the fetus. However, monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels were significantly lower in cord blood. Irrespective of COVID-19 serostatus, CD4+ T helper cells (percentage of lymphocytes) were significantly higher in cord blood, while NK cells, NK-T cells, and CD8+ T-cytotoxic cells-percentage of lymphocytes-were significantly lower in cord blood when compared with corresponding mother's blood. CONCLUSION The results indicate that while COVID-19 did not impede the transfer of essential nutrients such as MUFA and PUFA from mother to fetus, or affect maternal-fetal immune cell responses, it did appear to affect the levels of vit B12, vitamin D, and adrenic acid. KEY POINTS · COVID-19 did not impede essential fatty acids transfer through cord blood.. · COVID-19 affected maternal-fetal immune responses.. · COVID-19 affected vitB12, vitamin D and adrenic acid levels..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mullapudi V Surekha
- Pathology and Microbiology Division, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR-NIN), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Gargi Meur
- Lipid Chemistry Division, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR-NIN), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Nadimpalli Suneetha
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Government Area Hospital, Nampally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Nagalla Balakrishna
- Department of Statistics, Apollo Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Putcha U Kumar
- Pathology and Microbiology Division, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR-NIN), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bhukya Tulja
- Animal Facility, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR-NIN), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - K Suryam Reddy
- Lipid Chemistry Division, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR-NIN), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim
- Lipid Chemistry Division, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR-NIN), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pratha Sunitha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Area Hospital, Nampally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Vásquez-Reyes S, Bernal-Gámez M, Domínguez-Chávez J, Mondragón-Vásquez K, Sánchez-Tapia M, Ordaz G, Granados-Portillo O, Coutiño-Hernández D, Barrera-Gómez P, Torres N, Tovar AR. The Effects of Novel Co-Amorphous Naringenin and Fisetin Compounds on a Diet-Induced Obesity Murine Model. Nutrients 2024; 16:4425. [PMID: 39771046 PMCID: PMC11678459 DOI: 10.3390/nu16244425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2024] [Revised: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE In recent studies, it has been shown that dietary bioactive compounds can produce health benefits; however, it is not known whether an improvement in solubility can enhance their biological effects. Thus, the aim of this work was to study whether co-amorphous (CoA) naringenin or fisetin with enhanced solubility modify glucose and lipid metabolism, thermogenic capacity and gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFSD) diet. METHODS Mice were fed with an HFSD with or without CoA-naringenin or CoA-fisetin for 3 months. Body weight, food intake, body composition, glucose tolerance, hepatic lipid composition and gut microbiota were assessed. RESULTS CoA-naringenin demonstrated significant reductions in fat-mass gain, improved cholesterol metabolism, and enhanced glucose tolerance. Mice treated with CoA-naringenin gained 45% less fat mass and exhibited improved hepatic lipid profiles, with significant reductions seen in liver triglycerides and cholesterol. Additionally, both CoA-flavonoids increased oxygen consumption (VO2), contributing to enhanced energy expenditure and improved metabolic flexibility. Thermogenic activation, indicated by increased UCP1 and PGC-1α levels, was observed with CoA-fisetin, supporting its role in fat oxidation and adipocyte size reduction. Further, both CoA-flavonoids modulated gut microbiota, restoring diversity and promoting beneficial bacteria, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, which has been linked to improved metabolic health. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that co-amorphous naringenin or fisetin offers promising applications in improving solubility, metabolic health, and thermogenesis, highlighting the potential of both as therapeutic agents against obesity and related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarai Vásquez-Reyes
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico; (S.V.-R.); (M.B.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (G.O.); (O.G.-P.); (D.C.-H.); (P.B.-G.); (N.T.)
| | - Miranda Bernal-Gámez
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico; (S.V.-R.); (M.B.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (G.O.); (O.G.-P.); (D.C.-H.); (P.B.-G.); (N.T.)
| | - Jorge Domínguez-Chávez
- Facultad de Bioanálisis Región Veracruz, Universidad Veracruzana, Agustín de Iturbide, Veracruz 91700, Mexico; (J.D.-C.); (K.M.-V.)
| | - Karina Mondragón-Vásquez
- Facultad de Bioanálisis Región Veracruz, Universidad Veracruzana, Agustín de Iturbide, Veracruz 91700, Mexico; (J.D.-C.); (K.M.-V.)
| | - Mónica Sánchez-Tapia
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico; (S.V.-R.); (M.B.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (G.O.); (O.G.-P.); (D.C.-H.); (P.B.-G.); (N.T.)
| | - Guillermo Ordaz
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico; (S.V.-R.); (M.B.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (G.O.); (O.G.-P.); (D.C.-H.); (P.B.-G.); (N.T.)
| | - Omar Granados-Portillo
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico; (S.V.-R.); (M.B.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (G.O.); (O.G.-P.); (D.C.-H.); (P.B.-G.); (N.T.)
| | - Diana Coutiño-Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico; (S.V.-R.); (M.B.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (G.O.); (O.G.-P.); (D.C.-H.); (P.B.-G.); (N.T.)
| | - Paulina Barrera-Gómez
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico; (S.V.-R.); (M.B.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (G.O.); (O.G.-P.); (D.C.-H.); (P.B.-G.); (N.T.)
| | - Nimbe Torres
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico; (S.V.-R.); (M.B.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (G.O.); (O.G.-P.); (D.C.-H.); (P.B.-G.); (N.T.)
| | - Armando R. Tovar
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico; (S.V.-R.); (M.B.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (G.O.); (O.G.-P.); (D.C.-H.); (P.B.-G.); (N.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Montebugnoli T, Antonelli G, Babini E, Vasini EM, Danesi F, Jónasdóttir SH, Gudjónsdóttir M, Capozzi F, Bordoni A. Comparative Analysis of Fatty Acid Bioaccessibility in Commercial Marine Oil Supplements: An In Vitro Integrated Analytical Study. Foods 2024; 13:4177. [PMID: 39767119 PMCID: PMC11675117 DOI: 10.3390/foods13244177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2024] [Revised: 12/15/2024] [Accepted: 12/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Zooplankton such as copepods and krill are currently used to produce marine oil supplements, with the aim of helping consumers achieve the recommended intake of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs). Oils from lower trophic levels differ from fish oil in the distribution of lipids into different classes, and this can influence the bioaccessibility of fatty acids, i.e., the percentage of fatty acids that are released into the intestine in a form that can be absorbed by enterocytes. We evaluated fatty acid release after in vitro digestion in four commercial marine oil supplements containing fish, krill and Calanus finmarchicus oils using two different analytical approaches, TLC-FID and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The results clearly indicated that the release of free fatty acids (FFAs) after simulated digestion mainly depends on the oil source and is mainly related to the partitioning of lipids into different classes. In fact, the lowest FFA release was detected in Calanus oils, which contain high amounts of wax esters. The different release of FFAs, which appeared secondarily related to encapsulation, can modulate the absorption and blood concentration of the administered n-3 LC-PUFAs and therefore their efficacy. This may partly explain the inconsistencies in intervention studies using marine oil supplements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Montebugnoli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (T.M.); (G.A.); (E.B.); (E.M.V.); (F.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Giorgia Antonelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (T.M.); (G.A.); (E.B.); (E.M.V.); (F.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Elena Babini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (T.M.); (G.A.); (E.B.); (E.M.V.); (F.D.); (A.B.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research (CIRI Agrifood), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Ester Maria Vasini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (T.M.); (G.A.); (E.B.); (E.M.V.); (F.D.); (A.B.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine CIRMMP, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Francesca Danesi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (T.M.); (G.A.); (E.B.); (E.M.V.); (F.D.); (A.B.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research (CIRI Agrifood), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | | | - María Gudjónsdóttir
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland;
- Matís Food and Biotech R&D, 113 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Francesco Capozzi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (T.M.); (G.A.); (E.B.); (E.M.V.); (F.D.); (A.B.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research (CIRI Agrifood), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bordoni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (T.M.); (G.A.); (E.B.); (E.M.V.); (F.D.); (A.B.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research (CIRI Agrifood), University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Das S, Khan R, Banerjee S, Ray S, Ray S. Alterations in Circadian Rhythms, Sleep, and Physical Activity in COVID-19: Mechanisms, Interventions, and Lessons for the Future. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:10115-10137. [PMID: 38702566 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04178-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Although the world is acquitting from the throes of COVID-19 and returning to the regularity of life, its effects on physical and mental health are prominently evident in the post-pandemic era. The pandemic subjected us to inadequate sleep and physical activities, stress, irregular eating patterns, and work hours beyond the regular rest-activity cycle. Thus, perturbing the synchrony of the regular circadian clock functions led to chronic psychiatric and neurological disorders and poor immunological response in several COVID-19 survivors. Understanding the links between the host immune system and viral replication machinery from a clock-infection biology perspective promises novel avenues of intervention. Behavioral improvements in our daily lifestyle can reduce the severity and expedite the convalescent stage of COVID-19 by maintaining consistent eating, sleep, and physical activity schedules. Including dietary supplements and nutraceuticals with prophylactic value aids in combating COVID-19, as their deficiency can lead to a higher risk of infection, vulnerability, and severity of COVID-19. Thus, besides developing therapeutic measures, perpetual healthy practices could also contribute to combating the upcoming pandemics. This review highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on biological rhythms, sleep-wake cycles, physical activities, and eating patterns and how those disruptions possibly contribute to the response, severity, and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284, Telangana, India
| | - Rajni Khan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hajipur, Vaishali, Hajipur, 844102, Bihar, India
| | - Srishti Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284, Telangana, India
| | - Shashikant Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Sandipan Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|