Impact of magnesium on the clearance of lactate in critically sick patients with sepsis: Randomized clinical trial

Table 1 Comparison of demographic parameters, n (%)/median (range)

Parameter	Group M (n = 69)	Group P (n = 69)	P value
Age (years)	54.00 (18-93)	42.00 (19-84)	0.1221
Gender
Male	44 (63.77)	43 (62.31)	0.8602
Female	25 (36.23)	26 (37.68)
Weight (kg)	68.00 (48-92)	68.00 (48-90)	0.9521
Comorbidities
Hypertension	25 (36.23)	24 (34.78)	0.8592
Diabetes	24 (34.78)	18 (26.09)	0.2672
Chronic lung disease	04 (5.79)	05 (7.24)	0.7302
Cerebrovascular disease	08 (11.59)	05 (7.24)	0.3822
Cause of ICU admission
Surgical	34 (49.28)	32 (46.38)	0.1162
Medical	35 (50.72)	37 (53.62)
Source of sepsis
Lung
CAP	11 (15.94)	13 (18.84)
VAP	10 (14.49)	11 (15.94)
ARDS	5 (7.24)	3 (4.34)
Lung abscess	1 (1.44)	2 (2.89)
Abdomen
Peritonitis	13 (18.84)	11 (15.94)
Urinary tract infection	9 (13.04)	11 (15.94)
Pancreatitis	3 (4.34)	2 (2.89)
Liver abscess	2 (2.89)	1 (1.44)
Blood
Candidemia	2 (2.89)	3 (4.34)
Brain/CNS
Meningitis	3 (4.34)	4 (5.79)
Pots spine	2 (2.89)	1 (1.44)
Encephalitis	2 (2.89)	1 (1.44)
Skin and soft tissue
Soft tissue	2 (2.89)	1 (1.44)
Gluteal abscess	1 (1.44)	2 (2.89)
Necrotizing fasciitis	2 (2.89)	1 (1.44)
Pectoral abscess	1 (1.44)	2 (2.89)

¹Mann-Whitney U test.

²χ² test.

M: Magnesium group; P: Placebo group; ICU: Intensive care unit; CAP: Community-acquired pneumonia; VAP: Ventilator-associated pneumonia; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; CNS: Central nervous system.

Table 2 Comparison of clinical and laboratory parameters, n (%)/median (range)

Parameter	Group M (n = 69)	Group P (n = 69)	P value
Serum lactate at diagnosis (mmol/L)	2.78 (2.11-6.35)	2.67 (2.11-7.71)	0.9881
APACHE-II score at ICU admission	19.00 (5 -32)	20.00 (10-32)	0.1921
SOFA score
Day 1	6.00 (2-13)	6.00 (2-13)	0.2651
Day 2	6.00 (2-13)	6.00 (2-13)	0.1361
Day 3	7.00 (2-13)	6.00 (2-12)	0.1311
Serum bilirubin (mg/dL)
Day 1	0.5 (0.3-4.7)	0.5 (0.2-4.7)
Day 2	0.5 (0.2-3.8)	0.5 (0.2-3.8)	0.6381
Day 3	0.5 (0.3-4.7)	0.5 (0.2-4.7)	0.8491
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)
Day 1	0.80 (0.3-1.2)	0.72 (0.3-1.2)	0.5701
Day 2	0.7 (0.4-1.0)	0.7 (0.4-1.0)	0.6841
Day 3	0.8 (0.4-1.2)	0.7 (0.3-1.1)	0.2371
Urine output (mL/day)
Day 1	1430 (820-1980)	1430 (800-2000)	0.3791
Day 2	1350 (820-2000)	1450 (800-1990)	0.0901
Day 3	1430 (930-2000)	1350 (800-1980)	0.8811
Ventilator requirement
Day 1	34 (49.28)	34 (49.28)	1.0002
Day 2	38 (55.07)	42 (60.87)	0.4902
Day 3	30 (43.48)	36 (52.17)	0.3072

¹Mann-Whitney U test.

²χ² test.

M: Magnesium group; P: Placebo group; APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; ICU: Intensive care unit; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.

Table 3 Comparison of various outcomes, mean ± SD/median (range)

Parameter	Group M (n = 69)	Group P (n = 69)	Mean difference (95%CI)	P value
Time to lactate clearance (hours)	5.73 ± 2.19	8.54 ± 2.72	-2.81 (-3.65 to -1.99)	0.0011
Lactate clearance (%)
Day 1	18.88 ± 1.80	12.61 ± 1.94	6.26 (5.63-6.89)	0.0011
Day 2	30.02 ± 4.30	23.34 ± 4.76	6.68 (5.15-8.20)	0.0011
Day 3	50.74 ± 6.06	37.94 ± 4.53	12.80 (11.00-14.60)	0.0011
Vasopressor dose (mcg/kg/minute)
Day 1	0.6 (0.1-1.2)	0.7 (0.3-0.9)		0.0742
Day 2	1.2 (0.6-1.6)	1.5 (1.2-1.7)		0.0222
Day 3	1.5 (0.9-2.3)	1.9 (1.5-2.3)		0.0332
Duration of ICU stay (days)	8 (3-15)	12 (5-19)		0.0012
Duration of hospital stay (days)	12 (4-24)	16 (9-25)		0.0012
28-day mortality; n (%)	15 (21.73)	24 (34.78)		0.123

¹Independent sample t-test.

²Mann-Whitney U test.

³χ² test.

M: Magnesium group; P: Placebo group; CI: Confidence interval; ICU: Intensive care unit.