Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Crit Care Med. Mar 9, 2024; 13(1): 88540
Published online Mar 9, 2024. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v13.i1.88540
Table 1 Patient characteristics n (%)
Characteristic
All patients (n =218)
Blood culture results
P value
Negative or contamination (n = 133)
Positive with pathogen (n = 85)
Age (yr) 63 (53–73)64 (53–73)62 (52–70)0.253
Sex (male/female)218 (122/96)133 (81/52)85 (41/44)0.066
Comorbidities
Hypertension79 (36.2)50 (37.6)29 (34.1)0.603
Diabetes49 (22.5)29 (21.8)20 (23.5)0.766
Cardiovascular disease23 (10.6)17 (12.8)6 (7.1)0.18
COPD16 (7.3)13 (9.8)3 (3.5)0.085
Cerebrovascular disease34 (15.6)26 (19.5)8 (9.4)0.044
Primary diagnosis for cultures
Respiratory 101 (46.3)81 (60.9)20 (23.5)< 0.001
Intestinal50 (22.9)28 (21.1)22 (25.9)0.408
Urogenital33 (15.1)12 (9.0)21 (24.7)0.002
Hepatobiliary 21 (9.6)6 (4.5)15 (17.6)0.001
Skin/soft tissue5 (2.3)3 (2.3)2 (2.4)1.0
Other 8 (3.7)3 (2.3)5 (5.9)0.308
APACHE II 20 (14-25)19 (14-25)20 (14-27)0.533
Mechanical ventilation (yes/no)218 (156/62)133 (100/33)85 (56/29)0.137
Renal replacement (yes/no) 218 (29/189)133 (13/120)85 (16/69)0.055
28-d mortality 81 (37.2)46 (34.6)35 (41.2)0.326
Table 2 Patient laboratory characteristics
Characteristic
All patients (n = 218)
Blood culture results
P value
Negative or contamination (n = 133)
Positive with pathogen (n = 85)
PCT (ng/mL) 6.9 (1.1-32.1)2.85 (0.4-16.6)16.8 (4.1-112.3)< 0.001
CRP (mg/mL)113.3 (47.9-174.3)99.4 (41.1-168.3)128.1 (68.5-189.7)0.047
WBC (× 109/L) 12.3 (8.1–17.8)11.7 (8.8–16.8)13.1 (7.5–21.7)0.404
Neutrophils (%)90.1 (82.5-93.5)88.9 (83.4-92.3)92.2 (82.3-94.7)0.029
Haemoglobin (g/L)109.6 ± 23.8109.9 ± 24109.2 ± 23.60.824
HBA1C 5.9 (5.4-7.2)6.0 (5.6-7.1)5.8 (5.3-8.6)0.7
PT (s) 14.4 (12.7-16.7)13.9 (12.7-15.7)15.5 (12.7-17.5)0.012
APTT (s)34.5 (30.2-41.5)33.3 (29.6-38.0)37.2 (30.2-44.8)0.005
Fib (g/L) 3.94 (3.0-4.97)3.95 (3.19-5.26)3.93 (2.85-4.87)0.344
D-dimer (μg/mL)6.37 (2.62-12.34)5.33 (2.19-10.94)8.06 (3.93-13.81)0.02
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) 31.8 (18–61.2)24.2 (14.8–47.5)43.4 (23.1–113.9)< 0.001
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) 46.2 (29.6–87.1)37.9 (25.8–70)67.2 (35.2–170.4)< 0.001
Total bilirubin (μmol/L) 15.6 (9.1–29.1)13.5 (8.9–23.7)20.6 (10.7–49)0.009
Serum albumin (g/L) 28.8 (24.4-31.7)28 (24.2-32.2)29.4 (25-31.5)0.444
BUN (mmol/L) 9.9 (6.0–15.3)9.2 (5.9–14.2)10.8 (6.2–15.9)0.147
Cr (μmol/L) 99.6 (67.3–180)89.1 (62.4–146)134.5 (84.7–221)0.001
Table 3 Microorganisms isolated from blood cultures
Microorganism
No. (%) isolated from blood cultures
Gram-positive bacteria 24 (28.2)
Staphylococcus aureus6 (7.1)
Staphylococcus epidermidis3 (3.5)
Staphylococcus haemolyticus2 (2.4)
Staphylococcus hominis2 (2.4)
Staphylococcus caprae1 (1.2)
Enterococcus faecium5 (5.9)
Streptococcus pyogenes3 (3.5)
Streptococcus viridans1 (1.2)
Enterococcus gallinarum1 (1.2)
Gram-negative bacteria 59 (69.4)
Escherichia coli36 (42.3)
Klebsiella pneumoniae15 (17.6)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa3 (3.5)
Aeromonas sobria2 (2.4)
Enterobacter cloacae1 (1.2)
Klebsiella oxytoca1 (1.2)
Acinetobacter lwoffii1 (1.2)
Fungus2 (2.4)
Candida albicans2 (2.4)