Published online Mar 9, 2024. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v13.i1.88540
Peer-review started: October 1, 2023
First decision: November 23, 2023
Revised: December 4, 2023
Accepted: January 2, 2024
Article in press: January 2, 2024
Published online: March 9, 2024
Processing time: 156 Days and 1.2 Hours
Either a relative or an absolute decrease in the platelet number is often seen in patients who most likely develop sepsis and septic shock. However, few reports have documented the relationship between a drop in platelet counts and bloodstream infection (BSI).
To determine whether decreased platelet counts are an early alert in identifying the site of infection and evaluating serious infection.
The aims of this study were to determine the diagnostic ability of the percentage decline of platelet counts (PPC) for predicting the presence of BSI and evaluating the cut-off point for detecting BSI.
A retrospective analysis of patients admitted with sepsis and septic shock in Xingtai People Hospital was revisited. Patient population characteristics and laboratory data were collected for analysis.
The percentage decline in platelet counts in patients positive for pathogens [57.1 (41.3-74.6)] was distinctly higher than that in the control group [18.2 (5.1–43.1)] (P < 0.001), whereas the PPC was not significantly different among patients with gram-positive bacteraemia, gram-negative bacteraemia, and fungal infection. Using receiver operating characteristic curves, the area under the curve of the platelet drop rate was 0.839 (95%CI: 0.783-0.895).
The percentage decline in platelet counts is sensitive in predicting blood stream infection in patients with sepsis and septic shock. However, it cannot identify gram-positive bacteraemia, gram-negative bacteraemia, and fungal infection.
Future studies should determine whether there is a drop in platelet count in experimental animals with BSI and clarify the underlying mechanism.