Multicentered prospective investigator initiated study to evaluate the clinical outcomes with extracorporeal cytokine adsorption device (CytoSorb®) in patients with sepsis and septic shock

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of all the patients before initiating the therapy

Baseline characteristics	Findings, mean ± SD
Age, yr	47.46 ± 15.56
Heart rate, beats/min	117 ± 22.05
MAP, mmHg	69.15 ± 9.19
GCS	9.04 ± 3.06
APACHE-II	25.46 ± 5.06
SOFA	12.90 ± 4.37
Leucocytes, µL	15311.44 ± 7140.54
Platelets, cells/mm3	139153.48 ± 89467.72
S. Creatinine, mg/dL	2.74 ± 1.72
S. Lactate, mmoL/L	4.61 ± 2.87
PaCO2	43.37 ± 18.22
PaO2	94.02 ± 49.09
FiO2	48.78 ± 43.28
PaO2/FiO2	118.6 ± 58.01

APACHE II: Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; FiO2: Fraction of inspiration O₂; GCS: Glasgow coma scale; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; SD: Standard deviation; SOFA: Sequential organ failure assessment; PaCO₂: Partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PaO₂: Alveolar oxygen partial pressure.

Table 2 Percentage decrease in patients and vasopressor doses (survivors)

Vasopressor drug, µg/kg/min	Pre CytoSorb®, therapy patient number (n), dose (median)	Post CytoSorb® Therapy, patient number (n), dose (median)	% Decrease in dose	P value (dose)
Norepinephrine	21; 1	18; 0.45	43.3	0.160
Epinephrine	4; 0.055	1; 0.055	64.4	-
Vasopressin	9; 1.5	7; 1	15.4	0.816

Table 3 Change in laboratory parameters for survivors

Parameters	Pre CytoSorb® therapy	Post CytoSorb® therapy	P value
Hb, g/dL	10.01 ± 2.20	9.28 ± 1.53	0.1830
HCT, %	29.74 ± 8.4	25.75 ± 7.67	0.0909
Leucocytes, µL	16724 ± 5425	11215 ± 3317	0.00011
Platelets, cells/mm3	139256 ± 88029	181203 ± 181381	0.2938
S. Creatinine, mg/dL	3.13 ± 1.92	2.08 ± 1.02	0.01901
S. Lactate, mmol/L	4.75 ± 2.77	2.88 ± 2.39	0.01201
SGOT, U/L	488.44 ± 1570.42	369.95 ± 1134.74	0.7661
SGPT, U/L	192.72 ± 298.99	145.90 ± 236.97	0.5503
BUN, mg/dL	76.21 ± 61.88	62.39 ± 52.28	0.4076
Bilirubin, mg/dL	9.91 ± 36.77	8.35 ± 31.36	0.8730
Sodium, mmol/L	134.38 ± 25.69	134.32 ± 6.20	0.9908
Potassium, mmol/L	3.98 ± 0.95	3.73 ± 1.05	0.3723
Albumin, g/L	2.65 ± 0.93	2.71 ± 0.95	0.8261
Arterial pH	7.35 ± 0.100	7.36 ± 0.105	0.7291
Bicarbonate	24.89 ± 10.71	24.75 ± 9.21	0.9599

¹Significant value P < 0.05, all values are defined as mean ± SD.

BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; Hb: Hemoglobin; HCT: Hematocrit; SD: Standard deviation; SGOT: Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; SGPT: Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase.

Table 4 Cytokine assay results for survivors

Cytokine	Pre CytoSorb® therapy, mean ± SD	Post CytoSorb® therapy, mean ± SD	Percentage change	P value
IL1, pg/mL	10.74 ± 9.70	9.54 ± 9.66	11.11	0.5580
IL6, pg/mL	889.15 ± 1307.43	423.69 ± 1105.55	52.34	0.0792

IL: Interleukin.

Table 5 Change in vital parameters in survivors

Parameters	Survivor group		P value
	Pre CytoSorb® therapy, mean ± SD	Post CytoSorb® therapy, mean ± SD
Heart rate, beats/min	118.57 ± 19.8	103.07 ± 19.38	0.00651
MAP, mmHg	68.61 ± 9.62	79.42 ± 9.05	0.00011
GCS	9.86 ± 2.34	12.20 ± 1.47	0.00011
PaCO2	43.32 ± 18.63	38.57 ± 11.66	0.2757
PaO2/FiO2	162.09 ± 82.99	161.20 ± 66.58	0.9704

¹Significant P value < 0.05.

All values are defined as mean ± SD. FiO2: Fraction of inspiration O₂; GCS: Glasgow coma scale; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; PaCO₂: Partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PaO₂: Alveolar oxygen partial pressure; SD: Standard deviation.