Robotic surgery vs conventional laparoscopy for the treatment of rectal cancer: Review of the literature

Table 1 Intraoperative data

Ref.	Technique (n)		Conversion (%)			Operative time (min, mean)
	RG	LG	RG	LG	P value	RG	LG	P value
Baek et al[14]	41	41	7.3	22	NS	296	315	NS
Baik et al[15]	56	57	0	10.5	0.013	178	179	NS
Patriti et al[16]	29	37	0	19	< 0.05	202	208	NS
Bianchi et al[17]	25	25	0	4	NS	240	237	NS
Park et al[18]	41	82	0	0	NS	231.9	168.6	< 0.001
Kwak et al[19]	59	59	0	3.4	NS	270	228	< 0.0001
Baek et al[20]	154	150	NA	NA	NA	285.2	219.7	0.018
D'Annibale et al[21]	50	50	0	6	0.011	270	275	NS
Kang et al[22]	165	165	0.6	1.8	NS	309	277	< 0.001
Tam et al[23]	21	21	5	0	NS	260	240	0.04

NS: Non significant; NA: Not available; RG: Robotic group; LG: Laparoscopic group.

Table 2 Postoperative outcomes

Ref.	Complications (%)			AL (%)			LOS (d, mean)
	RG	LG	P value	RG	LG	P value	RG	LG	P value
Baek et al[14]	21.9	26.8	NS	8.6	2.9	NS	6.5	6.6	NS
Baik et al[15]	10.7	19.3	NS	1.7	7.6	NA	5.7	7.6	0.001
Patriti et al[16]	30.6	18.9	NS	6.8	2.7	NS	11.9	9.6	NS
Bianchi et al[17]	16	24	NS	1.8	8	NS	6.5	6.4	NS
Park et al[18]	29.3	23.2	NS	9.7	7.3	NS	9.9	9.4	NS
Kwak et al[19]	321	27.1	NS	13.6	10.2	NS	NA	NA	NA
Baek et al[20]	32.4	27.3	NS	11	12	NS	11.1	10.8	NS
D'Annibale et al[21]	5	11	NS	10	14	NS	8	10	0.03
Kang et al[22]	20.6	27.9	NS	7.3	10.8	NS	10.8	13.5	0.003
Tam et al[23]	43	33	NS	0	14	NS	6	5	0.05

AL: Anastomotic leakage; LOS: Length of stay; NS: Non significant; NA: Not available; RG: Robotic group; LG: Laparoscopic group.

Table 3 Postoperative outcomes

Ref.	DRM (cm)			LN (n)			CRM (%)
	RG	LG	P value	RG	LG	P value	RG	LG	P value
Baek et al[14]	3.6	3.8	NS	13.1	16.2	NS	2.4	4.9	NS
Baik et al[15]	4	3.6	NS	17.5	17	NS	4	5	NS
Patriti et al[16]	2.1	4.5	NS	10.3	11.2	NS	0	0	NS
Bianchi et al[17]	2	2	NS	18	17	NS	0	4	NS
Park et al[18]	2.1	2.3	NS	14.2	17.3	NS	3.9	5.6	NS
Kwak et al[19]	2.2	2	NS	20	21	NS	1.7	0	NS
Baek et al[20]	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
D'Annibale et al[21]	3	3	NS	13.1	16.2	NS	0	12	0.011
Kang et al[22]	1.9	2	NS	16.5	13.8	NS	4.2	6.7	NS
Tam et al[23]	3.9	5.5	NS	17	15	0.03	0	5	NS

DRM: Distal resection margin; LN: Lymph nodes harvested; CRM: Circumferential resection margin; NS: Non significant; NA: Not available; RG: Robotic group; LG: Laparoscopic group.

Table 4 Postoperative outcomes

Ref.	ED (%)			UD (%)
	RG	LG	P value	RG	LG	P value
Baek et al[14]	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Baik et al[15]	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Patriti et al[16]	5.5	16.6	NS	3.4	2.7	NS
Bianchi et al[17]	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Park et al[18]	NA	NA	NA	0	2.4	NS
Kwak et al[19]	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Baek et al[20]	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
D'Annibale et al[21]	5.5	56.5	0.045	3.5	4.2	NS
Kang et al[22]	NA	NA	NA	2.4	4.2	NS
Tam et al[23]	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA

ED: Erectile dysfunction; UD: Urinary dysfunction; NS: Non significant; NA: Not available; RG: Robotic group; LG: Laparoscopic group.