Role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in pediatric obesity and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease

Abstract

This article examines the growing prevalence of pediatric obesity and its connection to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in children and adolescents, focusing on the role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in treatment. Pediatric obesity and MASLD present significant long-term health risks, making early intervention crucial. The article reviews the pathophysiology of both pediatric obesity and MASLD, explores current therapeutic strategies, and discusses the emerging role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, such as liraglutide, semaglutide, exenatide, and dulaglutide, in managing obesity, as well as explores current limited pediatric literature on the use of these medications in MASLD.

Keywords: Pediatrics; Obesity; Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; Glucagon-like peptide-1; Glucagon like peptide

Core Tip: Understanding the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs in the pediatric population is crucial, as these medications have the potential to address a significant treatment gap in childhood metabolic disorders. Their effects on weight regulation, insulin sensitivity, and liver health could offer long-term benefits, particularly in condiBeltagi, MD, PhD, Chief Physician, Professortions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease. Further research and clinical trials are needed to establish their safety, efficacy, and appropriate use in children.