|
1
|
Zhao D, Wang L, Jiao X, Shi C, Luo Z, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Trends in Prevalence of Insulin Resistance Among Nondiabetic/Nonprediabetic Adolescents, 1999-2020. Pediatr Diabetes 2025; 2025:9982025. [PMID: 40365140 PMCID: PMC12069839 DOI: 10.1155/pedi/9982025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Insulin resistance (IR)/hyperinsulinemia in young individuals is associated with the subsequent development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. To assess trends in the prevalence of IR/hyperinsulinemia among nondiabetic/nonprediabetic adolescents in the US from 1999 to 2020. Methods: A total of 6111 adolescents without diabetes and prediabetes were included from ten cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999-2000 and 2017-2020. Hyperinsulinemia or IR was defined as fasting insulin or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] above the 75th percentile in all participants who underwent blood tests on fasting insulin, glucose, and hemoglobin A1c. Trends in prevalence rates were estimated using joinpoint regressions with heteroscedastic and uncorrelated errors. Results: The overall weighted median fasting insulin level, prevalence of hyperinsulinemia, and IR were 9.9 μU/ml [95% confidence interval (CI): 9.6, 10.1], 17.2% (95% CI: 15.7, 18.6), and 16.4% (95% CI: 15.2, 17.9), respectively. The estimated prevalence of hyperinsulinemia and HOMA-IR increased significantly from 15.2% (95% CI: 12.1, 18.9) and 14.0% (95% CI: 11.1, 17.8) in 1999-2000% to 21.5% (95% CI: 17.1, 26.3) and 20.4% (95% CI: 16.4, 25.6) in 2017-2020, respectively, with a 3.35% (95% CI: 1.74, 4.99) and 3.41% (95% CI: 1.72, 5.12) relative increase per 2-year survey cycle, respectively (p for trend <0.05). Substantial increases were observed in the subgroups of girls, Hispanic, non-Hispanic white, and overweight adolescents. Conclusions: The prevalence of hyperinsulinemia/IR increased substantially among US nondiabetic/nonprediabetic adolescents over the last two decades. Early detection and effective interventions are in dire need to reverse the rising tide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianting Jiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chutian Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongcheng Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Ansari T, Sawane M. Association of Hyperlipidemia and Hyperglycemia With Cognitive Function in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e72227. [PMID: 39583396 PMCID: PMC11584249 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.72227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a significant health concern, particularly in the early stages of diabetes. The type and severity of cognitive deficits may vary with the duration of diabetes and the effectiveness of glucose management. Complications associated with metabolic syndrome may exacerbate these cognitive declines. This study investigates the association of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia with cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on type 2 diabetic patients aged between 30 and 40 years of age and having the disease for less than 10 years duration. We collected anthropometric measurements, tested glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting lipid profiles, and assessed cognitive function using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results All participants exhibited elevated HbA1c levels and abnormal lipid profiles. We observed weak positive correlations between the duration of diabetes and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL; 0.448), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL; 0.398), total cholesterol (0.526), and HbA1c (0.360). There were moderately negative correlations between the duration of diabetes and MoCA scores (-0.522) and weak negative correlations between LDL and MoCA (-0.304), VLDL and MoCA (-0.259), and total cholesterol and MoCA (-0.409). The correlation between HbA1c and MoCA was also moderately negative (-0.779). Regression analysis revealed statistically significant associations of MoCA with the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, and lipid parameters, with HbA1c being the largest contributor to cognitive decline at 60.66%, while the contributions of various lipid parameters were considerably lower (LDL: R² = 0.092, VLDL: R² = 0.067, total cholesterol: R² = 0.167). The contribution of the duration of diabetes (R² = 0.272) to cognitive decline was less than that of HbA1c but more than the lipid parameters. Conclusions The findings suggest that hyperglycemia and the duration of diabetes are the major factors contributing to cognitive decline in patients with T2D. Patients should be advised to maintain optimal glycemic control and engage in activities that enhance cognitive function to prevent cognitive impairment. Regular cognitive screening for diabetic patients is also recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Ansari
- Physiology, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, IND
| | - Manish Sawane
- Physiology, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, IND
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Marateb HR, Mansourian M, Koochekian A, Shirzadi M, Zamani S, Mansourian M, Mañanas MA, Kelishadi R. Prevention of Cardiometabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents Using Machine Learning and Noninvasive Factors: The CASPIAN-V Study. INFORMATION 2024; 15:564. [DOI: 10.3390/info15090564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is a growing concern in children and adolescents, marked by obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. This study aimed to predict CMS using machine learning based on data from the CASPIAN-V study, which involved 14,226 participants aged 7–18 years, with a CMS prevalence of 82.9%. We applied the XGBoost algorithm to analyze key noninvasive variables, including self-rated health, sunlight exposure, screen time, consanguinity, healthy and unhealthy dietary habits, discretionary salt and sugar consumption, birthweight, and birth order, father and mother education, oral hygiene behavior, and family history of dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes using five-fold cross-validation. The model achieved high sensitivity (94.7% ± 4.8) and specificity (78.8% ± 13.7), with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.867 ± 0.087, indicating strong predictive performance and significantly outperformed triponderal mass index (TMI) (adjusted paired t-test; p < 0.05). The most critical selected modifiable factors were sunlight exposure, screen time, consanguinity, healthy and unhealthy diet, dietary fat type, and discretionary salt consumption. This study emphasizes the clinical importance of early identification of at-risk individuals to implement timely interventions. It offers a promising tool for CMS risk screening. These findings support using predictive analytics in clinical settings to address the rising CMS epidemic in children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Marateb
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre (CREB), Automatic Control Department (ESAII), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mahsa Mansourian
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Koochekian
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shirzadi
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre (CREB), Automatic Control Department (ESAII), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shadi Zamani
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre (CREB), Automatic Control Department (ESAII), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Angel Mañanas
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre (CREB), Automatic Control Department (ESAII), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Cuda S. Special considerations for the child with obesity: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) clinical practice statement (CPS) 2024. OBESITY PILLARS 2024; 11:100113. [PMID: 38953014 PMCID: PMC11216014 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Background This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) details assessment and management of the child with overweight or obesity. The term "child" is defined as the child between 2 and 12 years of age. Because children are in a continual state of development during this age range, we will specify when our discussion applies to subsets within this age range. For the purposes of this CPS, we will use the following definitions: overweight in the child is a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85th and <95th percentile, obesity in the child is a BMI ≥95th percentile, and severe obesity is a BMI ≥120% of the 95th percentile. Methods The information and clinical guidance in this OMA Clinical Practice Statement are based on scientific evidence, supported by medical literature, and derived from the clinical perspectives of the authors. Results This OMA Clinical Practice Statement provides an overview of prevalence of disease in this population, reviews precocious puberty in the child with obesity, discusses the current and evolving landscape of the use of anti-obesity medications in children in this age range, discusses the child with obesity and special health care needs, and reviews hypothalamic obesity in the child. Conclusions This OMA Clinical Practice Statement on the child with obesity is an evidence based review of the literature and an overview of current recommendations. This CPS is intended to provide a roadmap to the improvement of the health of children with obesity, especially those with metabolic, physiological, psychological complications and/or special healthcare needs. This CPS addresses treatment recommendations and is designed to help the clinician with clinical decision making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Cuda
- Alamo City Healthy Kids and Families, 1919 Oakwell Farms Parkway, Ste 145, San Antonio, TX, 78218, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Gupta A, Choudhary N, Gupta N. Prediabetes in children and adolescents: A ticking bomb! World J Clin Pediatr 2024; 13:92127. [PMID: 38947990 PMCID: PMC11212763 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.92127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes in children and adolescents is on the rise which has drawn significant attention over the past decade. It is an early warning sign of the underlying pathophysiological changes which in due course of time might compound into type II diabetes mellitus. The incidence of prediabetes in adolescents ranges from 4%-23% which is alarmingly high and requires active intervention from the system. We have discussed early identification of high-risk patients, prompt screening and active intervention to manage this growing problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anju Gupta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi 110076, India
| | - Nitin Choudhary
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi 110076, India
| | - Nishkarsh Gupta
- Department of Onco-Anesthesiology and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi 110029, India
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Millington K, Lee JY, Olson-Kennedy J, Garofalo R, Rosenthal SM, Chan YM. Laboratory Changes During Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy in Transgender Adolescents. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023064380. [PMID: 38567424 PMCID: PMC11035161 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-064380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Guidelines for monitoring of medications frequently used in the gender-affirming care of transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) adolescents are based on studies in adults or other medical conditions. In this study, we aimed to investigate commonly screened laboratory measurements in TGD adolescents receiving gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). METHODS TGD adolescents were recruited from 4 study sites in the United States before beginning GAHT. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, hemoglobin A1c, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, prolactin, and potassium were abstracted from the medical record at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months after starting GAHT. RESULTS Two-hundred and ninety-three participants (68% designated female at birth) with no previous history of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog use were included in the analysis. Hemoglobin and hematocrit decreased in adolescents prescribed estradiol (-1.4 mg/dL and -3.6%, respectively) and increased in adolescents prescribed testosterone (+1.0 mg/dL and +3.9%) by 6 months after GAHT initiation. Thirteen (6.5%) participants prescribed testosterone had hematocrit > 50% during GAHT. There were no differences in hemoglobin A1c, alanine transaminase, or aspartate aminotransferase. There was a small increase in prolactin after 6 months of estradiol therapy in transfeminine adolescents. Hyperkalemia in transfeminine adolescents taking spironolactone was infrequent and transient if present. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal laboratory results are rare in TGD adolescents prescribed GAHT and, if present, occur within 6 months of GAHT initiation. Future guidelines may not require routine screening of these laboratory parameters beyond 6 months of GAHT in otherwise healthy TGD adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Millington
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Adolescent Medicine, Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Janet Y. Lee
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Endocrine and Metabolism Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California
| | - Johanna Olson-Kennedy
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert Garofalo
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stephen M. Rosenthal
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Yee-Ming Chan
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Kang E, Hong YH, Kim J, Chung S, Kim KK, Haam JH, Kim BT, Kim EM, Park JH, Rhee SY, Kang JH, Rhie YJ. Obesity in Children and Adolescents: 2022 Update of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr 2024; 33:11-19. [PMID: 38193204 PMCID: PMC11000513 DOI: 10.7570/jomes23060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents has been gradually increasing in recent years and has become a major health problem. Childhood obesity can readily progress to adult obesity. It is associated with obesity-related comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and the risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is important to make an accurate assessment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with consideration of growth and development. Childhood obesity can then be prevented and treated using an appropriate treatment goal and safe and effective treatment strategies. This article summarizes the clinical practice guidelines for obesity in children and adolescents that are included in the 8th edition of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eungu Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Yong Hee Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sochung Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Kon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Haam
- Deptartment of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Bom Taeck Kim
- Department of Family Practice & Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Youl Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Jun Rhie
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Yang C, Li S, Wu L, Ding Z, Zhou H, Pan Y, Yang C, Lin J, Li Q, You Y, Zhong X, Chen Y, Zhao Y. Prevalence of prediabetes by the fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c screening criteria among the children and adolescents of Shenzhen, China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1301921. [PMID: 38313368 PMCID: PMC10836591 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1301921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Prediabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. Rare research in China has evaluated the prevalence of prediabetes among children and adolescents using the HbA1c criterion or the combined FPG-or-HbA1c diagnostic criterion, and researchers paid no attention to the distributions of blood glucose in Shenzhen, especially for juveniles. Methods We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study based on the first-year students from 17 primary, middle, and high schools. Prediabetes was defined as FPG of 5.6-6.9 mmol/L or HbA1c of 5.7%-6.4%. The crude and standardized prevalence of prediabetes with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was estimated. Results A total of 7519 participants, aged 6 to 17 years, were included. For all subjects, the crude prevalence (95% CI) of prediabetes was 1.49% (1.21-1.77), 8.72% (8.08-9.36), and 9.80% (9.13-10.47) by the FPG-only, HbA1c-only, and FPG-or-HbA1c criteria, respectively. Based on the 2010 Shenzhen census population, the standardized prevalence was 1.56% (males 1.85%, females 1.19%), 11.05% (males 11.47%, females 10.53%), and 12.19% (males 13.01%, females 11.15%) by the corresponding criteria. The proportion of prediabetes was higher for males than females, and the prevalence decreased with grade for males but increased for females. The association of BMI and prediabetes was U-shaped curve, indicating higher rates of prediabetes for underweight and obesity people. Conclusion The blood glucose status of children and adolescents in Shenzhen is worrisome, and the early detection and management of prediabetes are imperative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Wards of Cadres, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zan Ding
- Department of Science and Education, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Administrative, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chufu Yang
- Department of Huangtian Outpatient, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjun Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingbin You
- Department of Administrative, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuyuan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Dupuis L, Munoz A, Wasserstrom S. The Inauguration of the First High School Lifestyle Medicine Club. Am J Lifestyle Med 2023; 17:607-611. [PMID: 37426729 PMCID: PMC10328207 DOI: 10.1177/15598276231157333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Montverde Academy is home to our country's first Lifestyle Medicine Club, a novel approach to Lifestyle Medicine outreach amongst teenagers. A high-school student-driven initiative, the club successfully completed its first year in existence by focusing on growing its membership and teaching high school students about the 6 pillars of Lifestyle Medicine. This article describes the inception of the club, its first events, and its future directions.
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Almudhi A, Gabr SA. Associations between glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, oxidative stress markers, and cognitive capacity in adolescents who stutter. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103580. [PMID: 36844638 PMCID: PMC9943924 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we amid to evaluate the correlation between the change in the expressed levels of anti-GAD antibodies titers, oxidative stress markers, cytokines markers, and cognitive capacity in adolescents with mild stuttering. Eighty participants (60 male/20 female) with the age range of 10-18 years with moderate stutteringparticipated in this study. To assess the stuttering and cognitive function, stutteringseverity instrument (SSI-4; 4th edit.)and the LOTCA-7 scores assessment were applied respectively in all subjects. In addition, serum GAD antibodies, cytokines like TNF-α, CRP,and IL-6 withtotal antioxidant capacity and nitric oxide as oxidative stress markers were estimated using calorimetry and immunoassay techniques.The results showed that good cognitive capacity was reported in about 56.25 % of the study population (n = 45) with a 117.52 ± 6.3 mean LOTCA-7 score. However, abnormal cognitive function was identified in 43.75 % of the study population (n = 35); they were categorized into moderate (score 62-92, n = 35), and poor (score 31-62; n = 10). There were significant associations between cognitive capacity reported and all biomarkers. The expression of GAD antibodies is significantly associated with the degree of cognitive capacity among students with stuttering. Significant association with the reduction (P = 0.01) in LOTCA-7 score domains, particularly orientation, thinking operations, attention, and concentration among students with variable cognitive capacity compared to controls. In addition, the expressed higher GAD antibodies in students with moderate and poor cognitive capacity showed to be significantly correlated with both elevated concentrations of cytokines; TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6, and the reduction of TAC and nitric oxide (NO) respectively. This study concludes that abnormality of cognitive capacity showed to be associated with higher expression of GAD antibodies, cytokines, and oxidative stress in school students with moderate stuttering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Almudhi
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia,Speech Language Pathology Unit, King Khalid University, Abha 61481, Saudi Arabia,Corresponding author at: Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sami A. Gabr
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Ardakani A, Monroe-Lord L, Wakefield D, Castor C. Parenting Styles, Food Parenting Practices, Family Meals, and Weight Status of African American Families. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1382. [PMID: 36674137 PMCID: PMC9864142 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Parents influence adolescents' weight status through different strategies used in the home environment, including parenting styles (PSs), food parenting practices (FPPs), and family meal frequency. As the prevalence of obesity is higher among African American adolescents, investigation of which parental strategies serve as an adjustable factor for the prevention of obesity is critical. First, this study aims to examine the relationship between the different parenting influences and obesity statuses of both parents and 10-17-year-old adolescents among African American families. Second, it aims to examine the correlation between PSs and FPPs and frequency of family meals. A total of 211 parent-adolescent dyads completed an online survey using Qualtrics. Four PSs (i.e., authoritative, authoritarian, setting rules/expectations, and neglecting) and four FPPs (i.e., monitoring, reasoning, copying, and modeling) were identified for this study, along with family meal frequency. Body mass index (BMI) percentile and BMI were used to assess the obesity status of the adolescents and parents, respectively. No correlation was found between the adolescents' and parents' obesity status and the PSs and FPPs, while the adolescents' BMI percentile was significantly correlated with parental BMI. However, a higher number of family meals decreased the likelihood of obesity among the adolescents to some extend and depended on the type of BMI used. An authoritative PS was the only style related to family meal frequency, while three FPPs, namely, monitoring, reasoning, and modeling, were related to a greater number of family meals in African American families. The findings of this study can be used in the development of parental education workshops/sessions, with consideration of the cultural differences in African American families, and can help parents to adopt the best parenting strategy to promote the healthy weight status of their adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Ardakani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Lillie Monroe-Lord
- Center for Nutrition, Diet and Health, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| | - Dorothy Wakefield
- Center for Nutrition, Diet and Health, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| | - Chimene Castor
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Giessner S, Ramaker ME, Blew K, Crawford ML, Grant RP, Bain JR, Muehlbauer M, Jain N, Hsia DS, Armstrong S, Freemark M, Gumus Balikcioglu P. Disrupted Circadian Rhythm of Epinephrine in Males With Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes. J Endocr Soc 2022; 7:bvac190. [PMID: 36632209 PMCID: PMC9825134 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Blood pressure and plasma catecholamines normally decline during sleep and rapidly increase in early morning. This is blunted in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Objective We hypothesize that increased sympatho-adrenal activity during sleep differentiates youth with T2D from nondiabetic obese youth and lean youth. Methods Fasting spot morning and 24-hour urines were collected in obese adolescents with and without T2D, and normal-weight controls. Fractionated free urine catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) were measured, and the ratio of fasting spot morning to 24-hour catecholamines was calculated. Results Urinary 24-hour catecholamine levels were comparable across the 3 groups. Fasting morning epinephrine and the ratio of fasting morning/24-hour epinephrine were higher in youth with T2D (P = 0.004 and P = 0.035, respectively). In males, the ratio of fasting morning/24-hour epinephrine was also higher in youth with T2D (P = 0.005). In females, fasting morning norepinephrine and the ratio of fasting morning/24-hour dopamine were lower in obese youth with and without T2D (P = 0.013 and P = 0.005, respectively) compared with lean youth. Systolic blood pressure was higher in diabetic participants than other groups; males trended higher than females. Conclusion Circadian rhythm in catecholamines is disrupted in youth-onset T2D, with a blunted overnight fall in urinary epinephrine in males. Conversely, fasting morning norepinephrine and dopamine levels were lower in obese females with or without T2D. Higher nocturnal catecholamines in males with T2D might associate with, or predispose to, hypertension and cardiovascular complications. Lower catecholamine excretion in females with obesity might serve an adaptive, protective role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Giessner
- General Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Megan E Ramaker
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Kathryn Blew
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Matthew L Crawford
- Department of Research and Development, LabCorp, Burlington, NC 27215, USA
| | - Russell P Grant
- Department of Research and Development, LabCorp, Burlington, NC 27215, USA
| | - James R Bain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael Muehlbauer
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Nina Jain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Daniel S Hsia
- Clinical Trials Unit, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Sarah Armstrong
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Michael Freemark
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Pinar Gumus Balikcioglu
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Kim T, Kwon EH. Investigating socioecological obesogenic factors in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Public Health 2022; 10:867456. [PMID: 36276345 PMCID: PMC9582449 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.867456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related information in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is limited, and research findings are contradictory. Thus, this study aimed to use a nationwide non-clinical sample to examine the association of sociological factors with overweight status in children with ASD and reveal the degree of differences in the risk factors for overweight in children with and without ASD. The data for this cross-sectional study, based on the modified ecological system theory model, were obtained from the 2019 National Survey of Children's Health. The weighted logistic regressions were performed to determine the factors associated with overweight status in children with ASD, controlling for demographics, physical activity-related behaviors, and family and environmental conditions. A total of 529 children were identified (mean age 13.78 years, 83.21% boys). Two-parent households, less healthy parents and households, households with smokers, poor sleep quality, and greater participation in organized activities were associated with a higher likelihood of overweight in children with ASD (all P < 0.05). The determinants of obesity among children with ASD go beyond the individual level; family and community support are important. Therefore, greater attention should be directed toward the families of children with ASD and community-level administrative policies to improve quality of life by preventing or reducing obesity in children with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- TaeEung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kwon
- Department of Counseling, Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Griauzde DH, O'Brien A, Yancy WS, Richardson CR, Krinock J, DeJonckheere M, Isaman DJM, Vanias K, Shopinski S, Saslow LR. Testing a very low-carbohydrate adaption of the Diabetes Prevention Program among adults with prediabetes: study protocol for the Lifestyle Education about prediabetes (LEAP) trial. Trials 2022; 23:827. [PMID: 36176003 PMCID: PMC9524018 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Center for Disease Control and Prevention's National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) aims to help individuals with prediabetes avoid progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through weight loss. Specifically, the NDPP teaches individuals to follow a low-fat, calorie-restricted diet and to engage in regular physical activity to achieve ≥ 5% body weight loss. Most NDPP participants, however, do not achieve this weight loss goal, and glycemic control remains largely unchanged. One promising opportunity to augment the NDPP's weight loss and glycemic effectiveness may be to teach participants to follow a very low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD), which can directly reduce post-prandial glycemia and facilitate weight loss by reducing circulating insulin and enabling lipolysis. To date, there have been no high-quality, randomized controlled trials to test whether a VLCD can prevent progression to T2DM among individuals with prediabetes. The aim of this study is to test the effectiveness of a VLCD version the NDPP (VLC-NDPP) versus the standard NDPP. We hypothesize the VLC-NDPP will demonstrate greater improvements in weight loss and glycemic control. METHODS We propose to conduct a 12-month, 1:1, randomized controlled trial that will assign 300 adults with overweight or obesity and prediabetes to either the NDPP or VLC-NDPP. The primary outcome will be glycemic control as measured by change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from baseline to 12 months. Secondary outcomes will include percent body weight change and changes in glycemic variability, inflammatory markers, lipids, and interim HbA1c. We will evaluate progression to T2DM and initiation of anti-hyperglycemic agents. We will conduct qualitative interviews among a purposive sample of participants to explore barriers to and facilitators of dietary adherence. The principal quantitative analysis will be intent-to-treat using hierarchical linear mixed effects models to assess differences over time. DISCUSSION The NDPP is the dominant public health strategy for T2DM prevention. Changing the program's dietary advice to include a carbohydrate-restricted eating pattern as an alternative option may enhance the program's effectiveness. If the VLC-NDPP shows promise, this trial would be a precursor to a multi-site trial with incident T2DM as the primary outcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05235425. Registered February 11, 2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina H Griauzde
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 16, Room 16-371C, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- University of Michigan Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Alison O'Brien
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - William S Yancy
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Caroline R Richardson
- University of Michigan Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jamie Krinock
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Melissa DeJonckheere
- University of Michigan Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Deanna J M Isaman
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Vanias
- University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Laura R Saslow
- University of Michigan Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Han C, Song Q, Ren Y, Chen X, Jiang X, Hu D. Global prevalence of prediabetes in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes 2022; 14:434-441. [PMID: 35790502 PMCID: PMC9310043 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes is a pivotal risk factor for developing diabetes. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the global prevalence of childhood prediabetes. METHODS A systematic search was conducted for studies of prediabetes prevalence in the general pediatric population from inception until December 2021. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to combine the data. Variations in the prevalence estimates in different subgroups (age group, sex, setting, investigation period, body mass index [BMI] group, family history of diabetes, diagnosis criteria, World Health Organization [WHO] and World Bank [WB] regions) were examined by subgroup meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 48 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence was 8.84% (95% CI, 6.74%-10.95%) for prediabetes in childhood. Subgroup meta-analyses showed that the prevalence was higher in males than females (8.98% vs 8.74%, P < .01), in older compared to younger children (7.56% vs. 2.51%, p < 0.01), in urban compared to rural areas (6.78% vs. 2.47, p < 0.01), and higher in children with a family history of diabetes than in those without such a history (7.59% vs. 6.80%, p < 0.01). We observed an upward trend in prediabetes prevalence from 0.93% to 10.66% over past decades (p < 0.01). The pooled prevalence increased from 7.64% to 14.27% with increased BMI (p < 0.01). Pooled prevalence was the lowest for criterion A among different diagnosis criteria (p < 0.01). For WHO and WB regions, the European Region and high-income countries yielded the lowest pooled prevalence (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Elevated prediabetes prevalence in childhood reaches an alarming level. Intensive lifestyle modification is needed to improve the prediabetes epidemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CMZhengzhouHenanChina
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Qing Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CMZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yongcheng Ren
- The Medical Collage of Huanghuai UniversityZhumadianHenanChina
| | - Xinyu Chen
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xuesong Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CMZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenGuangdongChina
| |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Karczewska-Kupczewska M, Nikołajuk A, Kondraciuk M, Stachurska Z, Dubatówka M, Szpakowicz A, Strączkowski M, Kowalska I, Kamiński K. The relationships between FLAIS, a novel insulin sensitivity index, and cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:55. [PMID: 35439985 PMCID: PMC9020075 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01491-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recently, we have developed a novel index, FLAIS (Fasting Laboratory Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity), which accurately reflects insulin sensitivity, measured with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, in different groups of subjects. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship of FLAIS with cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based study. Methods The study group comprised 339 individuals from the ongoing Białystok Plus study, without previously known diabetes. Clinical examination, oral glucose tolerance test and the measurement of blood laboratory parameters were performed. Results Prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) was diagnosed in 165 individuals whereas type 2 diabetes was diagnosed in 19 subjects. FLAIS was lower in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes in comparison with individuals with normal glucose tolerance. FLAIS was significantly related to waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in the entire study group and in the subgroups with normal glucose tolerance and with prediabetes/diabetes. HOMA-IR, QUICKI and Matsuda index were not related to blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Majority of the adjusted models with FLAIS were characterized by better fit with the data in comparison with other indices for all cardiovascular risk factors except waist circumference. Conclusions FLAIS represents useful index to assess the cluster of insulin resistance-associated cardiovascular risk factors in general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, M.C. Skłodowskiej 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marcin Kondraciuk
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Zofia Stachurska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marlena Dubatówka
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Szpakowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marek Strączkowski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Irina Kowalska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, M.C. Skłodowskiej 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Karol Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
|
17
|
Stevens P, Hunter J, Molodysky E. The role of hyperinsulinaemia in screening for prediabetes in the adolescent population: A systematic literature review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102445. [PMID: 35305511 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Present screening methods for Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) fall short of detecting prediabetes. This paper summarises the literature on the utility of insulin measurements (hyperinsulinemia) in detecting prediabetes in adolescents. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted using EMBASE and Medline. Relevant data on hyperinsulinemia in the adolescent population is narrated. RESULTS The database search identified 174 potential articles; 106 underwent a full-paper review, and 36 were included. CONCLUSION Elevated fasting insulin is a marker of impaired insulin resistance and pending beta-cell dysfunction in at-risk adolescents and can be an early indicator of prediabetes.
Collapse
|
|
18
|
Yoo SE, Lee JH, Lee JW, Park HS, Lee HA, Kim HS. Increasing prevalence of fasting hyperglycemia in adolescents aged 10-18 years and its relationship with metabolic indicators: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (KNHANES), 2007-2018. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 27:60-68. [PMID: 33971707 PMCID: PMC8984745 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2142068.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pediatric diabetes is a common health burden worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of fasting hyperglycemia in Korean youth aged 10-18 years and to evaluate its association with metabolic indicators. METHODS To assess the risk of diabetes in domestic children and adolescents, the prevalence of fasting hyperglycemia was calculated, a trend was evaluated using multi-year Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data, and multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships between hyperglycemia and metabolic factors. RESULTS The prevalence of fasting hyperglycemia, defined as impaired fasting glucose (fasting glucose level > 100 mg/dL and < 125 mg/dL), or diabetes mellitus (fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL) was estimated in Korean teenagers. The prevalence increased from the fourth (2007-2009) to the fifth (2010-2012), sixth (2013-2015), and seventh (2016-2018) KNHANES surveys, from 5.39 to 4.79, 10.03, and 11.66 per 100 persons, respectively. In multivariate analysis, systolic blood pressure and serum triglycerides were higher in the fasting hyperglycemia group; systolic blood pressures were 109.83 mmHg and 112.64 mmHg and serum triglycerides were 81.59 mg/dL and 89.60 mg/dL in the normal blood glucose and fasting hyperglycemia groups, respectively. CONCLUSION The prevalence of fasting hyperglycemia among children and adolescents has increased over the past decade, and this increase is potentially associated with metabolic abnormalities such as hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. Effort is urgently required to reduce this chronic medical burden in adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Eun Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyen Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Sook Park
- Department of Preventive medicine, College of Medicine, Graduate Program for System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ah Lee
- Clinical Trial Center, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Soon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea,Address for correspondence: Hae Soon Kim Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 260 Gonghangdaero, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07804, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
|
19
|
Mancuso CJ, Cornwall CM, Robinson S, Valenzuela LO, Ehleringer JR. Breath Stable Isotope Analysis Serves as a Non-invasive Analytical Tool to Demonstrate Dietary Changes in Adolescent Students Over Time. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:697557. [PMID: 35145970 PMCID: PMC8821816 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.697557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Concern about adolescent diets, obesity, and the associated health risks have been growing in the United States. This inspired former First Lady Michelle Obama to spearhead the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act (HHFKA), which made changes to the national school lunch program by increasing servings of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Our study examined the variability of student carbohydrate sources throughout the day and before and after the implementation of HHFKA using a stable isotope dietary biomarker. This method uses carbon stable isotope values of exhaled CO2 breath (δ13Cbreath) and provides a quantitative, non-invasive measure. δ13Cbreath samples were collected throughout the day from students (n = 31) that attended a public high school in Salt Lake City, UT. δ13Cbreath measurements reflected the short-term carbohydrate inputs from the previous meal. Carbohydrate sources were not consistent throughout the day; most students had their lowest inputs of corn/sugar-based carbohydrates after lunch. We compared our results with an earlier study that had been conducted pre-HHFKA. After-lunch δ13Cbreath values decreased significantly between the two time points, suggesting an increase in whole grain, fruit, and vegetable carbohydrates in the lunch program. Our results demonstrated that δ13Cbreath measurements provide a valuable tool to examine carbohydrate sources in an individual's diet throughout the day. We believe that this tool could be beneficial to studies examining the relationship between sugar sweetened beverages, added sugars, and refined carbohydrates and health outcomes like diabetes and obesity in both adolescent and adult populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christy J. Mancuso
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Christy J. Mancuso
| | - Collette M. Cornwall
- Highland High School, Salt Lake City School District, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Swede Robinson
- Highland High School, Salt Lake City School District, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Luciano O. Valenzuela
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Unidad de Enseñanza Universitaria Quequén, Quequén, Argentina
| | - James R. Ehleringer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
|
20
|
Monroe-Lord L, Jones BL, Richards R, Reicks M, Gunther C, Banna J, Topham GL, Anderson A, Lora KR, Wong SS, Ballejos M, Hopkins L, Ardakani A. Parenting Practices and Adolescents' Eating Behaviors in African American Families. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010110. [PMID: 35010370 PMCID: PMC8750164 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Parents play an important role in developing the eating behaviors of their children by adopting specific parenting practices. As the prevalence of obesity is high amongst African American adolescents, investigations into associations of specific parenting practices and adolescents’ eating behaviors are essential. In this exploratory study, 14 African American parent–adolescent dyads were interviewed to characterize the influence of eight different parenting practices on the consumption of three main food categories (dairy, fruits and vegetables, and unhealthy snacks). The results revealed that authoritarian parenting practices were correlated with a higher BMI percentile in adolescents, whereas modeling and monitoring are correlated with a higher parent BMI. In addition, reasoning, monitoring, modeling, and authoritative parenting practices were associated with less unhealthy snack consumption among adolescents. Reasoning and monitoring were the only parenting practices associated with higher fruit and vegetable consumption. Finally, a significant correlation was found between eating fruits and vegetables and unhealthy snacks and the location of eating. In conclusion, different parenting practices and environmental factors may impact BMI and food consumption of African American dyads. The results of this study can be used to guide improvement in, and/or development of, nutritional education interventions considering the cultural differences of racial minorities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lillie Monroe-Lord
- Center for Nutrition, Diet and Health, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +202-274-7125
| | - Blake L. Jones
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Rickelle Richards
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics & Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Marla Reicks
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;
| | - Carolyn Gunther
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Jinan Banna
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
| | - Glade L. Topham
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Alex Anderson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Karina R. Lora
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Siew Sun Wong
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Miriam Ballejos
- Nutrition & Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA 99202, USA;
| | - Laura Hopkins
- Department of Public Health and Prevention Sciences, Baldwin Wallace University, 275 Eastland Rd., Berea, OH 44017, USA;
| | - Azam Ardakani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Musić Milanović S, Buoncristiano M, Križan H, Rathmes G, Williams J, Hyska J, Duleva V, Zamrazilová H, Hejgaard T, Jørgensen MB, Salanave B, Shengelia L, Kelleher CC, Spinelli A, Nardone P, Abdrakhmanova S, Usupova Z, Pudule I, Petrauskiene A, Farrugia Sant'Angelo V, Kujundžić E, Fijałkowska A, Rito AI, Cucu A, Brinduse LA, Peterkova V, Gualtieri A, García-Solano M, Gutiérrez-González E, Boymatova K, Yardim MS, Tanrygulyyeva M, Melkumova M, Weghuber D, Nurk E, Mäki P, Bergh IH, Ostojic SM, Russell Jonsson K, Spiroski I, Rutter H, Ahrens W, Rakovac I, Whiting S, Breda J. Socioeconomic disparities in physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep patterns among 6- to 9-year-old children from 24 countries in the WHO European region. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 6:e13209. [PMID: 34235843 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep are important predictors of children's health. This paper aimed to investigate socioeconomic disparities in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep across the WHO European region. This cross-sectional study used data on 124,700 children aged 6 to 9 years from 24 countries participating in the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative between 2015 and 2017. Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured through parental education, parental employment status, and family perceived wealth. Overall, results showed different patterns in socioeconomic disparities in children's movement behaviors across countries. In general, high SES children were more likely to use motorized transportation. Low SES children were less likely to participate in sports clubs and more likely to have more than 2 h/day of screen time. Children with low parental education had a 2.24 [95% CI 1.94-2.58] times higher risk of practising sports for less than 2 h/week. In the pooled analysis, SES was not significantly related to active play. The relationship between SES and sleep varied by the SES indicator used. Importantly, results showed that low SES is not always associated with a higher prevalence of "less healthy" behaviors. There is a great diversity in SES patterns across countries which supports the need for country-specific, targeted public health interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Musić Milanović
- Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marta Buoncristiano
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Helena Križan
- Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Giulia Rathmes
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Julianne Williams
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Jolanda Hyska
- Nutrition and Food Safety Sector, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Vesselka Duleva
- Department Food and Nutrition, National Centre of Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hana Zamrazilová
- Obesity Management Centre, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tatjana Hejgaard
- Health Promotion and Inequality, Danish Health Authority, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Benoît Salanave
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Traumatisms, Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France.,Nutritional Surveillance and Epidemiology Team (ESEN), University Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Lela Shengelia
- Maternal, Child and Reproductive Health, National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Cecily C Kelleher
- College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Angela Spinelli
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nardone
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy
| | - Shynar Abdrakhmanova
- Department of Science and Professional Development, National Center of Public Health of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Kazakhstan School of Public Health, Kazakhstan's Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhamilya Usupova
- Republican Center for Health Promotion and Mass Communication, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Iveta Pudule
- Department of Research and Health Statistics, Centre for Disease and Prevention Control, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ausra Petrauskiene
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Enisa Kujundžić
- Center for Health Ecology, Institute of Public Health, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Anna Fijałkowska
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ana Isabel Rito
- WHO/Europe Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Childhood Obesity - Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Cucu
- Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, Discipline of Public Health and Health Management, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,National Centre of Health Promotion and Health Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lacramioara Aurelia Brinduse
- National Centre of Health Promotion and Health Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Management, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentina Peterkova
- Institute of Paediatric Endocrinology, National Medical Research Centre for Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Marta García-Solano
- Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Khadichamo Boymatova
- Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health through the Life-Course, WHO Country Office for Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | | | - Maya Tanrygulyyeva
- Scientific Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
| | - Marina Melkumova
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Arabkir Medical Centre-Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eha Nurk
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Päivi Mäki
- Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ingunn Holden Bergh
- Department of Health and Inequality, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sergej M Ostojic
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Kenisha Russell Jonsson
- Department of Living Conditions and Lifestyle, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
| | - Igor Spiroski
- Institute of Public Health, Skopje, North Macedonia.,Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Harry Rutter
- Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ivo Rakovac
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Stephen Whiting
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - João Breda
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
|
22
|
Tester JM, Leak TM. Fiber-rich foods delivered to Low-Income Households: A feasibility study of children with prediabetes and spillover effect on their caregivers. Prev Med Rep 2021; 24:101511. [PMID: 34458078 PMCID: PMC8379487 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetables and whole grains delivered weekly to households with diabetes risk. Children with prediabetes increased liking of whole grains and vegetables. Children with prediabetes increased consumption of whole grains but not vegetables. Adults improved health outcomes but children did not, despite being study target. Introduction The incidence of pediatric prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing, with those from low socioeconomic status (SES) households at increased risk. Dietary fiber (e.g., whole grains) is shown to improve glucose control and there is need for innovative strategies that address barriers to consumption (e.g., limited availability). Methods Food Overcoming our Diabetes Risk (FoodRx) was a pre-post study (N = 47) that provided 16 weeks of home-delivered whole grains, vegetables, and beans/legumes to households of low-income children in [blinded for submission] who had obesity and prediabetes. Child liking and intake (24-hour diet recalls) was evaluated. Anthropometrics and T2DM-related laboratory measurements (e.g. glycated hemoglobin) were measured for children, and for caregivers to evaluate potential spillover effect. Results Post-intervention, children increased liking of whole grains, vegetables, and beans/legumes (P < 0.05 for all). Child whole grain intake increased from 1.7 to 2.5 oz-equivalent servings/day (P < 0.001), and the percent of total grain intake that were whole increased from 30% to 44% (P < 0.001). Children’s body mass index, blood pressure, and serum triglyceride levels increased (+14.6 mg/dl, P = 0.04). Caregivers fasting glucose (-7.5 mg/dl; P = 0.03), fasting insulin (-2.5 μIU/ml, P = 0.0009) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) decreased (-0.8, P = 0.01). Conclusions Home deliveries of fiber rich foods improved liking and intake among children at risk for T2DM. There was spillover effect on caregivers, who demonstrated improvement in T2DM-related laboratory measurements instead of the children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- June M Tester
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland. Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Tashara M Leak
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
23
|
Ten Velde G, Plasqui G, Dorenbos E, Winkens B, Vreugdenhil A. Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in children with overweight, obesity and morbid obesity: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1558. [PMID: 34404361 PMCID: PMC8369633 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited physical activity (PA) and a high level of sedentary time (ST) are associated with childhood obesity and are a target for intervention. This study aimed to assess objectively measured PA and ST in Dutch children across weight categories, age groups and sex. Methods 202 children with overweight, obesity and morbid obesity (55% girls, 12 ± 3y of age, BMI z-score + 3.15 ± 0.73), referred to the Centre for Overweight Adolescents and Children’s Healthcare (COACH, Maastricht UMC+) were included. PA (total PA, light PA and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA)) and ST were measured with the GT3X Actigraph accelerometer. Wear time validation was set to include at least four days, 480 min/day, including one weekend day. Results PA levels in children with morbid obesity were higher compared to children with obesity, also after correction for age and sex (corrected difference (B) 118 counts per minute (cpm), p = .006). ST was lower in children with morbid obesity compared to children with obesity (B − 51 min/day, p = .018). Girls performed significantly less MVPA than boys (B − 11 min/day, p < .001) and for each year increase of age, children performed less PA (B − 46 cpm, p < .001) and ST increased (B 18 min/day, p < .001). Conclusion PA and ST is different in subgroups of children with overweight, obesity and morbid obesity, depending on sex, age and overweight severity. In particular, children with obesity perform less PA and more ST compared to children with morbid obesity. Future research could explore the preferences and needs for PA and ST in children in the different weight categories. Trial registration The trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.govNCT02091544 at March 19, 2014. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11555-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Ten Velde
- Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare (COACH), Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands. .,Department of Nutrition and Movement Scienes, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Guy Plasqui
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Scienes, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elke Dorenbos
- Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare (COACH), Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Nutrition and Movement Scienes, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bjorn Winkens
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, Care And Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Vreugdenhil
- Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare (COACH), Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Nutrition and Movement Scienes, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
|
24
|
Ahmad Bahathig A, Abu Saad H, Md Yusop NB, Mohd Shukri NH, El-Din MME. Relationship between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Anthropometric Measurements among Saudi Female Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8461. [PMID: 34444210 PMCID: PMC8392146 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are becoming increasingly prevalent among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia and are an emerging cause of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Lifestyle factors, such as insufficient levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors, are responsible for the increased prevalence of NCDs. This study aimed to determine the association between physical activity levels, sedentary behaviors, and anthropometric measurements in Saudi female adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 399 healthy female adolescent students aged 13-14 years in Arar, Saudi Arabia. The participants were randomly selected from different schools and their anthropometric measurements were determined. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) and the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ) were used to assess their physical activity levels and sedentary behaviors, and an analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS software version 25. A multiple linear regression model was used to determine the association between the variables. The majority of the participants had a normal body mass index (BMI; 79.4%) and waist circumference (WC; 62.4%). A total of 74.4% had waist to height ratio (WHtR) < 0.5. About 92.7% of the participants were not meeting PA recommendations of 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily. The overall mean time spent on sedentary activities was high on both weekdays and weekend days at 357.64 ± 86.29 and 470.51 ± 147.64 min/day, respectively. Moreover, anthropometric measurement (BMI) was positively associated with age and negatively associated with sedentary behavior on weekends, while WHtR was positively associated with age. The multiple linear regression analysis also showed that age and sedentary behavior significantly predicted BMI among the study participants (F (2, 396) = 4.346, p < 0.014) and age was the only significant predictor of WHtR (F (1, 397) = 16.191, p ≤ 0.001). This study revealed that most of the female Saudi adolescents undertook low levels of activity and high levels of sedentary behaviors. Sedentary behaviors were significantly associated with their BMI. Accordingly, an intervention program on healthy lifestyles is important to improve Saudi female adolescents' lifestyles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Ahmad Bahathig
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (A.A.B.); (N.H.M.S.)
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Home Economic, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hazizi Abu Saad
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (A.A.B.); (N.H.M.S.)
| | - Nor Baizura Md Yusop
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Nurul Husna Mohd Shukri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (A.A.B.); (N.H.M.S.)
| | - Maha M. Essam El-Din
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Home Economic, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
|
25
|
Geiger SD, Yao P, Vaughn MG, Qian Z. PFAS exposure and overweight/obesity among children in a nationally representative sample. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:128852. [PMID: 33223205 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of manmade chemicals commonly used in consumer product manufacturing. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are two of the most highly studied PFASs. Both are present in the blood of the most Americans. PFASs are associated with intermediate cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, but their relationship with obesity, a risk factor for intermediate and advanced CVD, remains largely unconfirmed. In this context, we aimed to explore the relationship between PFASs and both overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity among children. METHODS We examine associations between PFOA and PFOS levels, and Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in a representative sample (N = 2473) of US children, aged 12-18 years from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2012. Overweight/obesity is defined as age-, sex-specific BMI z-score ≥ 85th percentile; abdominal obesity is defined as age-, sex-specific waist circumference ≥90th percentile. RESULTS Associations between PFASs and anthropometric outcomes show a dose-response relationship overall. For overweight/obese BMI z-score, findings indicate OR = 1.42 and 95% CI: 0.85-2.38 for quartile 2 of PFOA exposure; OR = 2.22 (95% CI: 1.20-4.13) for quartile 3 of PFOA exposure; and OR = 2.73 (95% CI:1.10-6.74) for quartile 4 of PFOA exposure. DISCUSSION Findings indicate an association between elevated PFOA and overweight/obesity among children after multivariable adjustment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dee Geiger
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61820, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Ping Yao
- School of Health Studies, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA.
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Tegeler Hall, 3550 Lindell Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
| | - Zhengmin Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3545 Lafayette Avenue, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
26
|
Liu C, Wu S, Pan X. Clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors and pre-diabetes among U.S. adolescents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5015. [PMID: 33658537 PMCID: PMC7930049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have assessed the association between clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors (CMRFs) and pre-diabetes in children or adolescents. We aimed to examine the association between clustering of CMRFs and pre-diabetes among U.S. adolescents. Data were available for 5,633 U.S. adolescents aged 12-19 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2014. Pre-diabetes was defined as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (fasting plasma glucose 100-125 mg/dL), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (2-h plasma glucose 140-199 mg/dL) or elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (HbA1c 5.7-6.4%). The individual CMRFs considered in the present study were as follows: waist-to-height ratio, blood pressure, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. CMRFs were defined based on the modified National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria or the modified International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between clustering of CMRFs and pre-diabetes with adjustment for potential covariates. Among 5633 adolescents, 11.4% had IFG, 4.7% had IGT, 4.5% had elevated HbA1c and 16.1% had pre-diabetes. Compared with adolescents with no CMRFs, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pre-diabetes across the clustering of CMRFs (i.e., 1, 2, 3, and 4) were 1.32 (1.03-1.68), 2.07 (1.55-2.76), 2.52 (1.69-3.76), and 5.41 (3.14-9.32), respectively, based on the modified NCEP criteria. The corresponding ORs with 95% CIs were 1.16 (0.89-1.51), 1.78 (1.35-2.36), 3.07 (1.89-4.98) and 12.20 (3.93-37.89), respectively, based on the modified IDF criteria. The present study suggests that the clustering of CMRFs is associated with increased pre-diabetes among U.S. adolescents. It might be necessary for effective strategies and measures targeting adolescents with clustering of CMRFs, including those with less than 3 risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chibo Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Susu Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiao Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
27
|
Pike JM, Moore CM, Yazel LG, Lynch DO, Haberlin-Pittz KM, Wiehe SE, Hannon TS. Diabetes Prevention in Adolescents: Co-design Study Using Human-Centered Design Methodologies. J Particip Med 2021; 13:e18245. [PMID: 33625364 PMCID: PMC7946580 DOI: 10.2196/18245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rise in pediatric obesity and its accompanying condition, type 2 diabetes (T2D), is a serious public health concern. T2D in adolescents is associated with poor health outcomes and decreased life expectancy. Effective diabetes prevention strategies for high-risk adolescents and their families are urgently needed. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to co-design a diabetes prevention program for adolescents by using human-centered design methodologies. METHODS We partnered with at-risk adolescents, parents, and professionals with expertise in diabetes prevention or those working with adolescents to conduct a series of human-centered design research sessions to co-design a diabetes prevention intervention for youth and their families. In order to do so, we needed to (1) better understand environmental factors that inhibit/promote recommended lifestyle changes to decrease T2D risk, (2) elucidate desired program characteristics, and (3) explore improved activation in diabetes prevention programs. RESULTS Financial resources, limited access to healthy foods, safe places for physical activity, and competing priorities pose barriers to adopting lifestyle changes. Adolescents and their parents desire interactive, hands-on learning experiences that incorporate a sense of fun, play, and community in diabetes prevention programs. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study highlight important insights of 3 specific stakeholder groups regarding diabetes prevention and lifestyle changes. The findings of this study demonstrate that, with appropriate methods and facilitation, adolescents, parents, and professionals can be empowered to co-design diabetes prevention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Pike
- Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Courtney M Moore
- Research Jam, Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute Patient Engagement Core, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lisa G Yazel
- Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Dustin O Lynch
- Research Jam, Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute Patient Engagement Core, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kathryn M Haberlin-Pittz
- Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Sarah E Wiehe
- Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Research Jam, Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute Patient Engagement Core, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Children's Health Services Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Tamara S Hannon
- Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
|
28
|
Control of Cell Growth and Proliferation by the Tribbles Pseudokinase: Lessons from Drosophila. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040883. [PMID: 33672471 PMCID: PMC7923445 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tribbles pseudokinases represent a sub-branch of the CAMK (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase) subfamily and are associated with disease-associated signaling pathways associated with various cancers, including melanoma, lung, liver, and acute leukemia. The ability of this class of molecules to regulate cell proliferation was first recognized in the model organism Drosophila and the fruit fly genetic model and continues to provide insight into the molecular mechanism by which this family of adapter molecules regulates both normal development and disease associated with corruption of their proper regulation and function. Abstract The Tribbles (Trib) family of pseudokinase proteins regulate cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation during normal development and in response to environmental stress. Mutations in human Trib isoforms (Trib1, 2, and 3) have been associated with metabolic disease and linked to leukemia and the formation of solid tumors, including melanomas, hepatomas, and lung cancers. Drosophila Tribbles (Trbl) was the first identified member of this sub-family of pseudokinases and shares a conserved structure and similar functions to bind and direct the degradation of key mediators of cell growth and proliferation. Common Trib targets include Akt kinase (also known as protein kinase B), C/EBP (CAAT/enhancer binding protein) transcription factors, and Cdc25 phosphatases, leading to the notion that Trib family members stand athwart multiple pathways modulating their growth-promoting activities. Recent work using the Drosophila model has provided important insights into novel facets of conserved Tribbles functions in stem cell quiescence, tissue regeneration, metabolism connected to insulin signaling, and tumor formation linked to the Hippo signaling pathway. Here we highlight some of these recent studies and discuss their implications for understanding the complex roles Tribs play in cancers and disease pathologies.
Collapse
|
|
29
|
Mas-Harithulfadhli-Agus AR, Hamid NA, Rohana AJ. Rural child malnutrition and unsuccessful outcome of food basket programme: does ethnicity matter? ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2021; 26:264-279. [PMID: 30041543 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2018.1494820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of malnutrition among five-year-olds and factors associated with unsuccessful outcome of a Food Basket Programme (FBP) in a rural district of Kelantan, Malaysia.Design: Administrative health records from selected health clinics were reviewed. Study sample includes indigenous population or Orang Asli of Malaysia. Unsuccessful outcome was defined according to failure to complete the programme according to growth gain and on-time. Multiple logistics regression was used to assess the associated factors of unsuccessful outcome of FBP.Results: This study showed that the prevalence rates of malnutrition among children below five years old were 34.2% underweight, 16.4% thinness, 32.5% stunting and 3.0% overweight, with Orang Asli children faring the worse. Orang Asli children were also five times more likely to be unsuccessful in the FBP (p < .001).Conclusion: Malnutrition is still prevalent among children below five years old in this rural setting and Orang Asli children are vulnerable to have an unsuccessful outcome from the Food Basket Programme. Further research is necessary to further explain this association to inform policy, specifically for Orang Asli children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Mas-Harithulfadhli-Agus
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - N A Hamid
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - A J Rohana
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
|
30
|
Behrooz M, Vaghef-Mehrabany E, Moludi J, Ostadrahimi A. Are spexin levels associated with metabolic syndrome, dietary intakes and body composition in children? Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 172:108634. [PMID: 33347897 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to investigate whether circulating levels of spexin is related to metabolic syndrome, some dietary intakes (Total energyintake, Macronutrient intakes) and body composition in children. METHODS 90 children were recruited in the present cross sectional study. Anthropometric measures, body composition, blood pressure, dietary intakes, resting metabolic rate, physical activity level, appetite status, pubertal stage, serum spexin, fasting blood glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, insulin and lipid profile were measured using standard techniques. RESULTS 14 children met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Median (IQR) of spexin levels were significantly lower in children with high fat mass and children with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), compared to children with normal fat mass and normal SBP: (P < 0.05). A protective independent effect was detected for the highest tertile of serum spexin on metabolic syndrome in adjusted models; Crude OR (CI): 0.23 (0.04-1.2), P-trend = 0.08; Model 1: OR (CI): 0.15(0.02-1.01), P-trend = 0.05; Model 2: OR (CI): 0.10 (0.01-0.90), P-trend = 0.03. There was a significant negative association between spexin and total dietary fat intake (r= - 0.21; P < 0.04). CONCLUSION This findings can further highlight the importance of the relationship between spexin, adipose tissue and adipose tissue metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Behrooz
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Maraghe University of Medical Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Iran
| | | | - Jalal Moludi
- School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
|
31
|
Whiting S, Buoncristiano M, Gelius P, Abu-Omar K, Pattison M, Hyska J, Duleva V, Musić Milanović S, Zamrazilová H, Hejgaard T, Rasmussen M, Nurk E, Shengelia L, Kelleher CC, Heinen MM, Spinelli A, Nardone P, Abildina A, Abdrakhmanova S, Aitmurzaeva G, Usuopva Z, Pudule I, Petrauskiene A, Sant'Angelo VF, Kujundzic E, Popovic S, Fismen AS, Bergh IH, Fijalkowska A, Rito AI, Cucu A, Brinduse LA, Peterkova V, Gualtieri A, García-Solano M, Gutiérrez-González E, Abdurrahmonova Z, Boymatova K, Yardim N, Tanrygulyyeva M, Weghuber D, Schindler K, Stojisavljević D, Filipović Hadžiomeragić A, Markidou Ionnaidu E, Ahrens W, Hassapidou M, Kovacs VA, Ostojic SM, Ticha L, Starc G, Russell Jonsson K, Spiroski I, Rutter H, Mendes R, Williams J, Rakovac I, Breda J. Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Sleep Duration of Children Aged 6-9 Years in 25 Countries: An Analysis within the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) 2015-2017. Obes Facts 2021; 14:32-44. [PMID: 33352575 PMCID: PMC7983588 DOI: 10.1159/000511263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children are becoming less physically active as opportunities for safe active play, recreational activities, and active transport decrease. At the same time, sedentary screen-based activities both during school and leisure time are increasing. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate physical activity (PA), screen time, and sleep duration of girls and boys aged 6-9 years in Europe using data from the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). METHOD The fourth COSI data collection round was conducted in 2015-2017, using a standardized protocol that included a family form completed by parents with specific questions about their children's PA, screen time, and sleep duration. RESULTS Nationally representative data from 25 countries was included and information on the PA behaviour, screen time, and sleep duration of 150,651 children was analysed. Pooled analysis showed that: 79.4% were actively playing for >1 h each day, 53.9% were not members of a sport or dancing club, 50.0% walked or cycled to school each day, 60.2% engaged in screen time for <2 h/day, and 84.9% slept for 9-11 h/night. Country-specific analyses of these behaviours showed pronounced differences, with national prevalences in the range of 61.7-98.3% actively playing for >1 h/day, 8.2-85.6% were not members of a sport or dancing club, 17.7-94.0% walked or cycled to school each day, 32.3-80.0% engaged in screen time for <2 h/day, and 50.0-95.8% slept for 9-11 h/night. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of engagement in PA and the achievement of healthy screen time and sleep duration are heterogenous across the region. Policymakers and other stakeholders, including school administrators and parents, should increase opportunities for young people to participate in daily PA as well as explore solutions to address excessive screen time and short sleep duration to improve the overall physical and mental health and well-being of children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Whiting
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Moscow, Russian Federation,
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal,
| | - Marta Buoncristiano
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Peter Gelius
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, FAU, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karim Abu-Omar
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, FAU, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mary Pattison
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Jolanda Hyska
- Nutrition and Food Safety Sector, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Vesselka Duleva
- National Center of Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sanja Musić Milanović
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hana Zamrazilová
- Institute of Endocrinology, Obesity Management Centre, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Mette Rasmussen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eha Nurk
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Lela Shengelia
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Cecily C Kelleher
- National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mirjam M Heinen
- National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Akbota Abildina
- National Centre of Public Health of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Shynar Abdrakhmanova
- National Centre of Public Health of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Iveta Pudule
- Ministry of Health, Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Riga, Latvia
| | - Aušra Petrauskiene
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Health Research Institute and Department of Preventive Medicine, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Enisa Kujundzic
- Institute of Public Health of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Stevo Popovic
- Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro
| | - Anne-Siri Fismen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingunn Holden Bergh
- Department of Health and Inequality, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anna Fijalkowska
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ana Isabel Rito
- National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge I.P., Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | - Marta García-Solano
- Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Zulfinissio Abdurrahmonova
- Republican Centre for Nutrition, Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Population, Duschanbe, Tajikistan
| | | | - Nazan Yardim
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Department, Ministry of Health, Public Health Institution, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maya Tanrygulyyeva
- Scientific Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Dragana Stojisavljević
- Public Health Institute of Republic of Srpska, the University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | | | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Institute of Statistics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | - Sergej M Ostojic
- Faculty of Sport and PE, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Lubica Ticha
- National Institute of Children Diseases, Medical Faculty of Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gregor Starc
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kenisha Russell Jonsson
- Department of Living Conditions and Lifestyle, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
| | - Igor Spiroski
- Department of Physiology and Monitoring of Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Harry Rutter
- Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Romeu Mendes
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Moscow, Russian Federation
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Julianne Williams
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ivo Rakovac
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - João Breda
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
|
32
|
Esquivel Zuniga R, DeBoer MD. Prediabetes in Adolescents: Prevalence, Management and Diabetes Prevention Strategies. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:4609-4619. [PMID: 34858039 PMCID: PMC8629936 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s284401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing obesity epidemic in children and adolescents has greatly increased the prevalence of related comorbidities. Prediabetes is defined based on levels of fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance tests or hemoglobin A1c, that are intermediate between normal levels and thresholds that define type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). As such, prediabetes represents a sign of early pathophysiology preceding T2DM development. Recent analyses of data from US adolescents estimate prediabetes to be present in 4-23% of adolescents, depending on criteria used, with other studies finding an 8% risk of progression from prediabetes to T2DM over a 3-year period. These data support the importance of intervention to avoid long-term sequelae, focusing on reducing degree of obesity and insulin resistance. Lifestyle modification, with increases in physical activity and dietary improvements, remains the first-line approach. Other interventions are based on additional long-term risks and range from metformin treatment for more moderate cases of prediabetes to bariatric surgery for adolescents with severe obesity and comorbidities. As data accumulate regarding sequelae of T2DM in adolescents, there remains a critical need for prevention of obesity and T2DM throughout childhood, and prediabetes should be a trigger for improving this risk profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Esquivel Zuniga
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mark D DeBoer
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Correspondence: Mark D DeBoer Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Virginia, PO Box 800386, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USATel +1 434-924-5956Fax +1 434-924-9181 Email
| |
Collapse
|
|
33
|
Physical activity pattern and its relationship with overweight and obesity in saudi children. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med 2020; 7:181-185. [PMID: 33319016 PMCID: PMC7729214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents are emerging public health problems. Modifiable lifestyle factors such as physical inactivity and eating out are responsible for the increased prevalence of obesity and related health risks. Objective To examine physical activity level and weight status among Saudi children in relation to age and gender. Study design In a cross-sectional study, 200 apparently healthy Saudi children (118 boys and 82 girls), aged 5–15 years, were enrolled from the Pediatric clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. To determine physical activity level, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form-A was used. Anthropometric measurements were taken for all participants. Results Central obesity was highly prevalent among adolescents as compared with a higher prevalence of general obesity in children. Physical activity level was significantly higher among adolescent boys than adolescent girls (P<.05). Girls scored almost double the total metabolic equivalent scores. More boys were considered highly active (59% vs. 40%) in contrast with more girls with low physical activity (38% vs. 26%). Among girls, high physical activity score was higher in children than in adolescents (40% vs. 21%) and an increasing number of adolescents were of low physical activity than children (64% vs. 38%). The majority of the study population were spending more than 2 h per day in watching TV and playing electronic games, but a slightly higher number of children showed sedentary behavior than adolescents. Adolescent girls were significantly spending more time watching TV than adolescent boys (P<.01). Significant inverse associations with most anthropometric measures and the time spent in watching TV and doing desk work were demonstrated in both genders. Conclusion This study reports significant influence, by age and gender, contributing to physical inactivity and weight status among Saudi children.
Collapse
|
|
34
|
Bannigida DM, Nayak BS, Vijayaraghavan R. Insulin resistance and oxidative marker in women with PCOS. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:183-186. [PMID: 30450993 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1499120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is a multifactorial reproductive problem and a leading cause of female infertility worldwide. Evidences have shown that Oxidative Stress and decreased antioxidant status are often linked with PCOS. Insulin Resistance in PCOS patients ranges from 50% to 70% and may encourage OS by production of reactive oxygen species.Objective: Our study determines serum MDA levels along with plasma glucose, serum insulin, and insulin resistance in obese and nonobese PCOS subjects.Materials and methods: A case control study was conducted on diagnosed 100 PCOS patients and 100 controls. Fasting plasma glucose was measured by enzymatic method. Insulin was estimated by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay using Abott Architect i 2000 SR analyser. Insulin resistance was calculated by HOMA-IR. Malonaldehyde is determined as Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.Results: CRP and serum MDA levels were increased in women with PCOS irrespective of obesity compared to their respective controls with a p value of < .001. However, though fasting glucose, serum insulin, and IR were increased in both obese and nonobese women with PCOS compared to their BMI adjusted controls with p value of < .001, the values were within reference range in nonobese women.Conclusion: Our study suggests that women with PCOS have oxidative stress and elevated CRP irrespective of obesity. However, hyperinsulinemia and Insulin resistance are seen only in obese women with PCOS, indicating that these women are at high risk for developing low grade inflammation and cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doddappa M Bannigida
- Department of Biochemistry, Koppal Institute of Medical Sciences, Koppal, India
- Department of Research, Saveetha University, Thandalam, India
| | - B Shivananda Nayak
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of preclinical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Trinidad
- Department of Biochemistry, Subbaiah Institute of Medical sciences, Shimoga, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
35
|
Magge SN, Silverstein J, Elder D, Nadeau K, Hannon TS. Evaluation and Treatment of Prediabetes in Youth. J Pediatr 2020; 219:11-22. [PMID: 32143933 PMCID: PMC7585934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheela N Magge
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Janet Silverstein
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Deborah Elder
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kristen Nadeau
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tamara S Hannon
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
|
36
|
de Andrade MIS, Oliveira JS, Leal VS, Lima NMDS, Bezerra PB, Santiago ERC, de Lira PIC. PREVALENCE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND ASSOCIATION WITH METABOLIC RISK FACTORS AND FOOD CONSUMPTION IN ADOLESCENTS - RECIFE/BRAZIL. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE DE PEDIATRIA DE SAO PAULO 2020; 38:e2019016. [PMID: 32187300 PMCID: PMC7077796 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2019016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence of insulin resistance in adolescents and its associations with metabolic factors and food intake. METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted with a stratified, complex, school-based sample. The subjects were adolescents (n=1,081) who participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents in the city of Recife (Pernambuco, Brazil). We analyzed demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary variables. Insulin resistance was defined as HOMA-IR>75th percentile. A Poisson multivariate regression model with robust variance adjustment was used, and variables with p≤0.05 in the final model were considered statistically associated with insulin resistance. RESULTS Median age was 14 years (interquartile range: 13-16 years), and 25.3% of the sample showed insulin resistance. The variables associated with insulin resistance in the final model were age, body mass index-for-age (BMI/A), biochemical markers (triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and saturated fat intake, with insulin resistance being more prevalent in individuals whose consumption of this type of fat was below the median of the sample distribution. CONCLUSIONS Insulin resistance was prevalent in the adolescents analyzed and was significantly associated with metabolic variables and saturated fat intake.
Collapse
|
|
37
|
Carayol J, Hosking J, Pinkney J, Marquis J, Charpagne A, Metairon S, Jeffery A, Hager J, Martin FP. Genetic Susceptibility Determines β-Cell Function and Fasting Glycemia Trajectories Throughout Childhood: A 12-Year Cohort Study (EarlyBird 76). Diabetes Care 2020; 43:653-660. [PMID: 31915205 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies suggested that childhood prediabetes may develop prior to obesity and be associated with relative insulin deficiency. We proposed that the insulin-deficient phenotype is genetically determined and tested this hypothesis by longitudinal modeling of insulin and glucose traits with diabetes risk genotypes in the EarlyBird cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS EarlyBird is a nonintervention prospective cohort study that recruited 307 healthy U.K. children at 5 years of age and followed them throughout childhood. We genotyped 121 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with diabetes risk, identified in the adult population. Association of SNPs with fasting insulin and glucose and HOMA indices of insulin resistance and β-cell function, available from 5 to 16 years of age, were tested. Association analysis with hormones was performed on selected SNPs. RESULTS Several candidate loci influenced the course of glycemic and insulin traits, including rs780094 (GCKR), rs4457053 (ZBED3), rs11257655 (CDC123), rs12779790 (CDC123 and CAMK1D), rs1111875 (HHEX), rs7178572 (HMG20A), rs9787485 (NRG3), and rs1535500 (KCNK16). Some of these SNPs interacted with age, the growth hormone-IGF-1 axis, and adrenal and sex steroid activity. CONCLUSIONS The findings that genetic markers influence both elevated and average courses of glycemic traits and β-cell function in children during puberty independently of BMI are a significant step toward early identification of children at risk for diabetes. These findings build on our previous observations that pancreatic β-cell defects predate insulin resistance in the onset of prediabetes. Understanding the mechanisms of interactions among genetic factors, puberty, and weight gain would allow the development of new and earlier disease-management strategies in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Carayol
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joanne Hosking
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, Plymouth, U.K
| | - Jonathan Pinkney
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, Plymouth, U.K
| | - Julien Marquis
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aline Charpagne
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylviane Metairon
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alison Jeffery
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, Plymouth, U.K
| | - Jörg Hager
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
38
|
Hauger H, Laursen RP, Ritz C, Mølgaard C, Lind MV, Damsgaard CT. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:873-884. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
|
39
|
Liu X, Liverani S, Smith KJ, Yu K. Modeling tails for collinear data with outliers in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing: Quantile profile regression. Biom J 2020; 62:916-931. [PMID: 31957080 DOI: 10.1002/bimj.201900146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Research has shown that high blood glucose levels are important predictors of incident diabetes. However, they are also strongly associated with other cardiometabolic risk factors such as high blood pressure, adiposity, and cholesterol, which are also highly correlated with one another. The aim of this analysis was to ascertain how these highly correlated cardiometabolic risk factors might be associated with high levels of blood glucose in older adults aged 50 or older from wave 2 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Due to the high collinearity of predictor variables and our interest in extreme values of blood glucose we proposed a new method, called quantile profile regression, to answer this question. Profile regression, a Bayesian nonparametric model for clustering responses and covariates simultaneously, is a powerful tool to model the relationship between a response variable and covariates, but the standard approach of using a mixture of Gaussian distributions for the response model will not identify the underlying clusters correctly, particularly with outliers in the data or heavy tail distribution of the response. Therefore, we propose quantile profile regression to model the response variable with an asymmetric Laplace distribution, allowing us to model more accurately clusters that are asymmetric and predict more accurately for extreme values of the response variable and/or outliers. Our new method performs more accurately in simulations when compared to Normal profile regression approach as well as robustly when outliers are present in the data. We conclude with an analysis of the ELSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Department of Mathematics, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Silvia Liverani
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,The Alan Turing Institute, The British Library, London, UK
| | - Kimberley J Smith
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Keming Yu
- Department of Mathematics, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
|
40
|
Eidkhani V, Parizadeh D, Hasheminia M, Azizi F, Hadaegh F. Impaired fasting glucose prevalence surge among Iranian adolescents in a decade: The Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Pediatr Diabetes 2019; 20:1064-1071. [PMID: 31478584 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is associated with incident diabetes, cardiovascular risk, and markers of atherosclerosis in early adulthood. We aimed to explore the 10-year change in IFG prevalence among adolescent participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, a population-based study from Iran. METHODS For our study, we used data on fasting plasma glucose (FPG), anthropometric, and demographic information of 11 to 19-year-old adolescents in study periods I (1999-2005; 1415 boys, 1583 girls) and II (2011-2014; 477 boys, 469 girls). Sex-adjusted and sex-stratified multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship of the study period (reference: study period I) with IFG. RESULTS The prevalence of IFG, general obesity, and central obesity increased from 7%, 13.3%, and 18.8% in study period I to 16.6%, 24%, and 37.4% in study period II; while a favorable trend was seen for blood pressure, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the fully adjusted model, being older (age group 15-19 vs 11-14 years) and female sex were associated with lower risk. Being overweight and obese increased the risk by risk ratios (confidence interval) of 1.57 (1.17-2.11) and 1.63 (1.15-2.30), respectively. Central adiposity did not remain as an independent risk factor. Nevertheless, study period persisted as a significant factor despite all adjustments [2.20 (1.81-2.68)]. Results in the sex-stratified models were generally the same. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that the over 2-fold rise in IFG prevalence among adolescents was not solely dependent on general and central obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Eidkhani
- Students Research Committee, Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Donna Parizadeh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hasheminia
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Hadaegh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
|
41
|
Kelley GA, Kelley KS, Pate RR. Exercise and adiposity in overweight and obese children and adolescents: a systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e031220. [PMID: 31719081 PMCID: PMC6858189 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Determine both the effects and hierarchy of effectiveness for exercise interventions (aerobic, strength training or both) on selected measures of adiposity (body mass index (BMI) in kg/m2, fat mass and per cent body fat) in overweight and obese children and adolescents. DESIGN Network meta-analysis of randomised exercise intervention trials. SETTING Any setting where a randomised trial could be conducted. PARTICIPANTS Overweight and obese male and/or female children and adolescents 2-18 years of age. INTERVENTIONS Randomised exercise intervention trials>4 weeks, published between 1 January 1973 and 22 August 2018, and which included direct and/or indirect evidence for aerobic, strength training or combined aerobic and strength training. PRIMARY OUTCOMES Changes in BMI in kg/m2, fat mass and per cent body fat. RESULTS Fifty-seven studies representing 127 groups (73 exercise, 54 control) and 2792 participants (1667 exercise, 1125 control) met the criteria for inclusion. Length of training ([Formula: see text] ± SD) averaged 14.1±6.2 weeks, frequency, 3.3±1.1 days per week and duration 42.0±21.0 min per session. Significant and clinically important reductions in BMI, fat mass and per cent body fat were observed in aerobic versus control comparisons (BMI, mean, 95% CI -1.0, 1.4 to -0.6; fat mass -2.1, -3.3 to -1.0 kg; per cent fat -1.5, -2.2 to -0.9%) and combined aerobic and strength versus control comparisons (BMI -0.7, -1.4 to -0.1; fat mass -2.5, -4.1 to -1.0 kg; per cent fat, -2.2, -3.2 to -1.2%). A significant reduction in per cent fat was also found for strength vs control comparisons (-1.3,-2.5 to -0.1%). Combined aerobic and strength training was ranked first for improving both fat mass (kg) and per cent body fat while aerobic exercise was ranked first for improving BMI. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic and combined aerobic and strength training are associated with improvements in adiposity outcomes in overweight and obese children and adolescents. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42017073103.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George A Kelley
- Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Kristi S Kelley
- Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Russell R Pate
- Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
42
|
Stefanaki C, Michos A, Mastorakos G, Mantzou A, Landis G, Zosi P, Bacopoulou F. Probiotics in Adolescent Prediabetes: A Pilot RCT on Glycemic Control and Intestinal Bacteriome. J Clin Med 2019; 8:1743. [PMID: 31640224 PMCID: PMC6832390 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of intestinal ecology could be implicated in prediabetes. The aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to collect preliminary data on the effects of probiotic supplementation (Vivomixx©) on markers of glucose metabolism, intestinal microbiome composition, and intestinal health indices, of prediabetic adolescents. The intervention group was administered probiotic sachets twice daily for 4 months, while both intervention and control groups received weekly consultation sessions for a healthier lifestyle. Thirty-two participants were recruited (1.3 participants per month) and were randomized (16 in control and 16 in intervention group). Fifteen of them signed the inform consent and never entered the study (6 in control and 9 in intervention group). Thus, seventeen participants completed the study (10 in control and 7 in intervention group), with no serious adverse events. After the 4-month intervention, no difference was observed in the markers of glycemic control between the two groups, although a minor effect was observed for fasting glucose at 1-month, probably due to the initial higher adherence to the probiotic supplements. Modifications of the protocol procedures are warranted because of the high attrition rates and suboptimal compliance that were noted. Future studies and further RCTs with larger samples need to be conducted to fully elucidate the potential effects of probiotics in the glycemic control of prediabetic adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charikleia Stefanaki
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Piraeus 'Aghios Panteleimon', 18454 Piraeus, Greece.
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes mellitus, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece.
| | - Athanasios Michos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - George Mastorakos
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes mellitus, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece.
| | - Aimilia Mantzou
- Unit of Clinical and Translational Research in Endocrinology, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Georgios Landis
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Paraskevi Zosi
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Piraeus 'Aghios Panteleimon', 18454 Piraeus, Greece.
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
- Unit of Clinical and Translational Research in Endocrinology, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
|
43
|
Telo GH, Cureau FV, Szklo M, Bloch KV, Schaan BD. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes among adolescents in Brazil: Findings from Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA). Pediatr Diabetes 2019; 20:389-396. [PMID: 30737879 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adolescents represents a clinical challenge related to lifestyle and obesity; however, only a few data are available in developing countries. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the prevalence of T2DM and prediabetes among Brazilian adolescents, as well as to describe the cardio-metabolic profile according to the diagnosis. METHODS This is a cross-sectional school-based multicenter study including youth aged 12 to 17 years from cities with more than 100 000 inhabitants in Brazil (n = 37 854 students). Fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and other cardio-metabolic risk factors were measured. Prediabetes was defined by glucose levels 100 to 125 mg/dL or HbA1c 5.7% to 6.4%. T2DM was defined by self-report, glucose ≥126 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of prediabetes or T2DM according to covariates. RESULTS Prevalences of prediabetes and T2DM were 22.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 20.6%-23.4%) and 3.3% (95% CI 2.9%-3.7%), respectively. This estimates represented 213 830 adolescents living with T2DM and 1.46 million adolescents with prediabetes in Brazil. Prevalences of cardio-metabolic risk factors were higher in adolescents with prediabetes and T2DM. In the multinomial logistic model, obesity (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.20-2.11), high waist circumference (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.13-2.01), and skipping breakfast (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.21-1.81) were associated with an increased OR for T2DM, while studying at rural area (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.41-0.78) was associated with a decreased OR for T2DM. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of T2DM and prediabetes was high among Brazilian adolescents, which highlights that this disease became a public health challenge not only among adults in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela H Telo
- Postraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe V Cureau
- Postraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Katia V Bloch
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Postraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
|
44
|
Chadwick JQ, Tullier MA, Wolbert L, Coleman C, Branam DE, Wharton DF, Cannady TK, Copeland KC, Short KR. Collaborative implementation of a community-based exercise intervention with a partnering rural American Indian community. Clin Trials 2019; 16:391-398. [PMID: 30939923 DOI: 10.1177/1740774519839066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence and socioeconomic burden of childhood obesity and diabetes has increased rapidly in the United States in the last 30 years. American Indians have the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes among newly diagnosed youth in the country. Contributing factors include environmental, behavioral, and genetic components. Some American Indian tribal communities have explored innovative ways to combat this epidemic including collaborations with academic centers on community-based research. METHOD From 2012 to 2017, the University of Oklahoma Health Science Center and the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma partnered on a National Institutes of Health-funded project to determine if financial incentives would elicit an increase in physical activity in Native youth. This was a community-based behavioral intervention for overweight or obese American Indian youth ages 11-20 living in a rural community at risk for developing diabetes. RESULTS Tribal leaders and staff identified culturally appropriate strategies to aid implementation of the trial in their community. Their identified implementation strategies helped standardize the study in order to maintain study integrity. The mutually agreed strategies included co-review of the study by tribal and University research review boards (but designation of the Choctaw Nation review board as the "Board of Record"), training of community-based staff on research ethics and literacy, standardization of the informed consent process by videotaping all study information, creation of a viable and culturally appropriate timeline for study implementation, adapting tribal wellness center operations to accommodate youth, and development of effective two-way communication through training sessions, on-site coordination, and bi-monthly conference calls. CONCLUSION In an effort to partner collectively on a randomized clinical research trial to combat childhood diabetes, tribal leaders and staff implemented strategies that resulted in a culturally appropriate and organized community-based behavioral intervention research project.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Q Chadwick
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kenneth C Copeland
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kevin R Short
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
45
|
Park JH, Mun S, Choi DP, Lee JY, Kim HC. Association between Changes in Anthropometric Indices and in Fasting Insulin Levels among Healthy Korean Adolescents: The JS High School Study. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:183-191. [PMID: 30688051 PMCID: PMC6470103 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the association between changes in anthropometric indices and fasting insulin levels among healthy adolescents and whether the association differed by baseline obesity status. METHODS This analysis was based on data collected for the JS High School study; 884 healthy adolescents aged 15 to 16 years followed up for 24 to 30 months were included. Changes in anthropometric indices and fasting insulin levels were computed as the difference between baseline and follow-up values. Multivariate linear regression models were used to determine the association between changes in anthropometric indices and fasting insulin levels. Based on body mass index (BMI)-for-age and waist circumference (WC)-for-age percentiles, participants were classified as normal weight (<85th percentile), overweight (85th percentile to <95th percentile), or obese (≥95th percentile). RESULTS Changes in BMI, WC, waist-hip ratio, and waist-height ratio were significantly associated with changes in fasting insulin levels in both sexes (P<0.05). In analyses stratified by baseline obesity status, the association between change in BMI and change in fasting insulin was significantly stronger in overweight (males: standardized β=1.136; females: standardized β=1.262) and obese (males: standardized β=1.817; females: standardized β=2.290) participants than in those with normal weight (males: standardized β=0.957; females: standardized β=0.976) at baseline. Results were similar for changes in WC. CONCLUSION Changes in anthropometric indices were positively associated with fasting insulin level increases. Moreover, those who were overweight or obese at baseline had a higher absolute increase in fasting insulin levels per one standard deviation unit increase in anthropometric indices than adolescents with normal weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Park
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seyeon Mun
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Phil Choi
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Affairs, Mapo-gu Health Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
|
46
|
Wright L, Stallings-Smith S, Arikawa AY. Associations between food insecurity and prediabetes in a representative sample of U.S. Adults (NHANES 2005-2014). Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 148:130-136. [PMID: 30500547 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The primary aim of this research was to investigate the association between food insecurity and prediabetes and to identify specific subgroups for early clinical intervention. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 25,814 participants were analyzed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for years 2005-2014. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between food security status and laboratory-confirmed prediabetes. All models were adjusted for age, sex, race, and body mass index. RESULTS When compared to participants with full and marginal food security, participants with low/very food security were 1.35 (95% CI: 1.17-1.55) times more likely to have prediabetes. Younger individuals with low/very low food security had a greater likelihood of prediabetes, 1.50 (95% CI: 1.19-1.81), when compared with their food secure counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity at any level, whether low or very low, is positively associated with prediabetes in the U.S. general adult population. Food insecure young adults, particularly those aged 20-34 years, should be targeted for early clinical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Wright
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
| | - Sericea Stallings-Smith
- Department of Public Health, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Andrea Y Arikawa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
47
|
Almari M, Alsaedi S, Mohammad A, Ziyab AH. Associations of adiposity and parental diabetes with prediabetes among adolescents in Kuwait: A cross-sectional study. Pediatr Diabetes 2018; 19:1362-1369. [PMID: 30255624 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes, a high-risk state for developing diabetes, has become more prevalent among children and adolescents in recent decades. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and assess its association with adiposity among adolescents in Kuwait. Also, to determine whether maternal and paternal history of diabetes associate with offspring prediabetes in a sex-specific manner. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling students (n = 1959; aged 14-19 years) attending high schools across Kuwait. Body mass index-for-age z-scores were estimated using the World Health Organization growth reference. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was measured in capillary blood using point-of-care testing. Prediabetes was defined according to the diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA; 5.7 ≤ HbA1c% ≤ 6.4) and the International Expert Committee (IEC; 6.0 ≤ HbA1c% ≤ 6.4). Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. RESULTS According to the ADA criteria, 33.3% (620/1845) of participants had prediabetes; whereas, 8.5% (157/1845) met the IEC definition for prediabetes. Subjects classified as obese had higher prevalence of prediabetes compared to children in the thinness/normal group (aPR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.44-1.95). Analysis stratified by offspring sex showed that maternal history of diabetes is associated with prediabetes among male offspring (aPR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02-1.63). In contrast, paternal history of diabetes showed an association with prediabetes among female offspring (aPR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01-1.48). CONCLUSIONS Prediabetes affects a substantial proportion of adolescents in Kuwait and adiposity and parental diabetes being the main associated factors with prediabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Almari
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.,Medical Services Directorate, Kuwait National Guard, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Saad Alsaedi
- Medical Services Directorate, Kuwait National Guard, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Anwar Mohammad
- Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Ali H Ziyab
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.,Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Safat, Kuwait
| |
Collapse
|
|
48
|
Yackobovitch-Gavan M, Wolf Linhard D, Nagelberg N, Poraz I, Shalitin S, Phillip M, Meyerovitch J. Intervention for childhood obesity based on parents only or parents and child compared with follow-up alone. Pediatr Obes 2018; 13:647-655. [PMID: 29345113 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aims to assess the effects of family-based interventions targeted to parents only or to parents-and-child for the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. METHOD An open-label randomized study was conducted in 247 children (166 girls, 5-11 years) with body mass index (BMI) in the 85-98th percentile. Participants were allocated to three groups: parents-only (n = 89), parents-and-child (n = 84) and follow-up alone (n = 74). The intervention consisted of 12 once-weekly meetings with a dietician and psychologist. All children were followed for 2 years. Changes in anthropometric, clinical and lifestyle outcomes were assessed. RESULTS The 3-month intervention was completed by 58 (65.2%) in the parents-only, 61 (72.6%) in the parents-child and 49 (66.2%) in the control group (P = .554). BMI-standard deviation score (SDS) decreased from baseline to 3 months in both intervention groups (parents-only: from 1.74 ± 0.31 to 1.66 ± 0.36, P < .001; parents-child, 1.83 ± 0.33 to 1.76 ± 0.36, P = .012), with no significant change in the controls (1.73 ± 0.32 to 1.70 ± 0.31, P = .301). The 2-year follow-up was completed by 45 in each of the intervention groups (50.5% and 53.5%, respectively) and 37 controls (50%) (P = .896). Compared with baseline, only the parents-child group showed a significant decrease in BMI-SDS (1.56 ± 0.46, P = .006). The rate of children who met the criteria for metabolic syndrome tended to drop from 6.0% at baseline (14/232) to 1.5% at 3 months (12/137) (P = .109), with no significant between-group differences in the rate of metabolic syndrome at baseline or at completion of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS An intervention programme that focuses on both parents and children was found to have positive short-term and long-term effects on BMI-SDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Yackobovitch-Gavan
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Wolf Linhard
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Nagelberg
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - I Poraz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - S Shalitin
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Phillip
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Meyerovitch
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Medicine Wing, Community Division, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
|
49
|
Association between unhealthy dietary behaviors and sleep disturbances among Japanese adolescents: a nationwide representative survey. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s41105-018-0193-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
|
50
|
Abstract
Drawing upon data from the first two years of a statewide school-based buzz-centered health communication campaign that encouraged high school students to adopt healthy behavior, this article finds that the buzz marketing component increased campaign awareness among students in participating schools compared to those in the comparison schools, but there was no significant difference between their health attitudes. Furthermore, attitude toward the campaign mediated the effect of buzz exposure on health attitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- a College of Journalism & Mass Communications , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE , USA
| | - Amy Struthers
- a College of Journalism & Mass Communications , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE , USA
| |
Collapse
|