Current understanding and management of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity

Abstract

Aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), previously referred to as “Rush disease”, is a rapidly progressive form of ROP. This form of ROP typically presents in very low birth weight babies of early gestational age. Historically, anatomical and functional outcomes have been poor with standard treatment. This review is designed to discuss current knowledge and treatment regarding this aggressive form of ROP. Recommendations regarding management of these difficult cases are detailed.

Keywords: Bevacizumab Eliminates the Angiogenic Threat of Retinopathy of Prematurity; Photographic Screening for Retinopathy of Prematurity; Aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity; Retinopathy of prematurity; Intravitreal bevacizumab; Early Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity Study; Stanford University Network for Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity

Core tip: Neonates with aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity often have unfavorable visual outcomes due to the aggressive and destructive nature of the disease. Treatment options, including laser and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy can change the course of the disease, but both with potential side effects. Case studies and recommendations regarding the management of these complicated cases are reviewed.