Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Orthop. Feb 18, 2024; 15(2): 139-146
Published online Feb 18, 2024. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v15.i2.139
Table 1 Total sample with demographic and clinical characteristics (n = 167)
Variable
Frequency (%)
Gender
Male114 (68)
Female53 (32)
Nationality
Saudi150 (90)
Non-Saudi117 (10)
Length of stay
1 d93 (56)
> 1 d74 (44)
Complication rate
At least 1210 (6)
No complication157 (94)
Sick leave
No sick leave110 (65.9)
≤ 14 d49 (29.3)
> 14 d8 (4.8)
Type of anesthesia
Regional20 (12)
General147 (88)
Duration of surgery (min)
Mean (SD)77.1 (54.7)
Period between insertion and removal (mo)
Mean (SD)18.6 (17.9)
Age
Mean (SD)25 (18)
Table 2 Upper limb or spine vs lower limb with demographic and clinical characteristics of patients
Variable
Upper limb or spine, n = 55 (%)
Lower limb, n = 112 (%)
Test (P value)
Genderχ2 = 2.48 (0.115)
Male42 (76.4)72 (64.3)
Female13 (23.6)40 (35.7)
Nationalityχ2 = 0.106 (0.744)
Saudi50 (90.9)100 (89.3)
Non-Saudi15 (9.1) 12 (10.7)
Aget = -0.355 (0.723)
Mean (± SD)24 (± 16)25 (± 18)
Adults or pediatricsχ2 = 0.598 (0.439)
Adults34 (61.8)76 (67.9)
Pediatrics21 (38.2)36 (32.1)
Length of stayχ2 = 0.618 (0.432)
1 d33 (60)60 (53.6)
> 1 d22 (40)52 (46.4)
Complication rateχ2 = 0.041 (0.839)
At least 123 (5.5)7 (6.25)
No complication52 (94.5)105 (93.75)
Sick leaveχ2 = 1.606 (0.448)
No sick leave37 (67.3)73 (65.2)
≤ 14 d17 (30.9)32 (28.6)
> 14 d1 (1.8)7 (6.2)
Type of anesthesiaχ2 = 5.411 (0.02)
Regional2 (3.6)18 (16.1)
General53 (96.4)94 (83.9)
Duration of surgery (min) mean (SD)74.7 (57.1)78.2 (53.8)t = -0.387 (0.699)
Period between insertion and removal (mo) mean (SD) 14.5 (13.5)20.6 (19.5)t = -2.104 (0.037)
Table 3 Demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric vs adult patient
Variable
Pediatrics, n = 57 (%)
Adults, n = 110 (%)
Test (P value)
Genderχ2 = 7.69 (0.006)
Male31 (54.4)83 (75.5)
Female26 (45.6)27 (24.5)
Nationalityχ2 = 0.188 (0.665)
Saudi52 (91.2)98 (89.1)
Non-Saudi15 (8.8)12 (10.9)
Length of stayχ2 = 16.2 (< 0.001)
1 d44 (77.2)49 (44.5)
> 1 d13 (22.8)61 (55.5)
Upper limb and spine or lower limbχ2 = 0.598 (0.439)
Upper limb or spine21 (36.8)34 (30.9)
Lower limb36 (63.2)76 (69.1)
Complication rateχ2 = 0.081 (0.776)
At least 123 (5.3)7 (6.4)
No complication54 (94.7)103 (93.6)
Sick leaveχ2 = 4.13 (0.127)
No sick leave43 (75.4)67 (60.9)
≤ 14 d13 (22.8)36 (32.7)
> 14 d1 (1.8)7 (6.4)
Type of anesthesiaχ2 = 5.89 (0.015)
Regional2 (3.5)18 (16.4)
General55 (96.5)92 (83.6)
Duration of surgery (min) mean (± SD)77.07 (37.8)77.05 (61.9)t = 0.003 (0.997)
Period between insertion and removal (mo) mean (± SD)12.3 (8.3)21.9 (20.6)t = -4.27 (< 0.001)