Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Orthop. May 18, 2026; 17(5): 116758
Published online May 18, 2026. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v17.i5.116758
Published online May 18, 2026. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v17.i5.116758
Is vertebral bone quality an independent predictor of total blood loss in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion?
Jing-Ming Wang, Lei Wang, Xiao-Duo Xu, Wei-Min Huang, Department of Orthopedics, The 960th Hospital of PLA, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
Tian-Tian Zhu, Quality Management Section, The 960th Hospital of PLA, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
Co-first authors: Jing-Ming Wang and Tian-Tian Zhu.
Author contributions: Wang JM and Huang WM designed the research study; Wang JM, Zhu TT, Wang L and Xu XD performed the research; Wang JM and Zhu TT contributed new reagents and analytic tools, analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript, and they contributed equally to this manuscript as co-first authors. All authors have read and approve the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the local Human Ethics Committee of 960th Hospital of PLA (approval No. 2025KYLL189) and was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: All data analyzed during this study are included in the manuscript. Raw data has been uploaded with the article.
Corresponding author: Wei-Min Huang, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, The 960th Hospital of PLA, No. 25 Shifan Road, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China.
Received: November 21, 2025
Revised: December 15, 2025
Accepted: January 28, 2026
Published online: May 18, 2026
Processing time: 179 Days and 0.5 Hours
Revised: December 15, 2025
Accepted: January 28, 2026
Published online: May 18, 2026
Processing time: 179 Days and 0.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: The current study found preoperative magnetic resonance imaging-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score, particularly VBQ (S1), is independently correlated with total blood loss in patients undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). In multi-segment TLIF cases, greater blood loss is associated with increased perioperative hemorrhage and may lead to prolonged hospital stays. These findings suggest that VBQ assessment could serve as a useful preoperative tool for predicting bleeding risk and optimizing perioperative management in TLIF patients.