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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Orthop. Oct 18, 2025; 16(10): 108374
Published online Oct 18, 2025. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v16.i10.108374
Published online Oct 18, 2025. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v16.i10.108374
Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and spondyloarthropathy: A systematic review
Madhan Jeyaraman, Naveen Jeyaraman, Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
Madhan Jeyaraman, Naveen Jeyaraman, Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy, Sathish Muthu, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Agathisha Institute of Stemcell and Regenerative Medicine, Chennai 600030, Tamil Nadu, India
Madhan Jeyaraman, Department of Orthopaedics, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Madhan Jeyaraman, Naveen Jeyaraman, Sathish Muthu, Department of Orthopaedics, Ortho
Easwar Balasubramanian, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Madurai 625009, Tamil Nadu, India
Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy, Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Karaikal 609602, Puducherry, India
Sathish Muthu, Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kanchipuram 631552, Tamil Nadu, India
Author contributions: Jeyaraman M and Balasubramanian E contributed to conceptualization; Balasubramanian E contributed to acquiring clinical data and performing the data analysis; Jeyaraman N and Nallakumarasamy A contributed to manuscript writing; Jeyaraman M and Muthu S helped in manuscript revision; Muthu S contributed for image acquisition; Jeyaraman M contributed to proofreading; Jeyaraman M contributed to administration. All authors have agreed to the final version to be published and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest in publishing the manuscript.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Madhan Jeyaraman, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
Received: April 14, 2025
Revised: May 28, 2025
Accepted: September 10, 2025
Published online: October 18, 2025
Processing time: 187 Days and 14.8 Hours
Revised: May 28, 2025
Accepted: September 10, 2025
Published online: October 18, 2025
Processing time: 187 Days and 14.8 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory condition impacting the axial skeleton, with emerging links to gut microbiome dysbiosis. A systematic review highlights enrichment of pathogenic bacterial and viral species in SpA patients, suggesting gut microbes contribute to disease progression. Dysregulated metabolic pathways may mediate inflammation, while tumor necrosis factor inhibitors show promise in symptom relief and microbial balance restoration. Targeting specific microbial species may unlock innovative therapies for SpA management and gut dysbiosis prevention.