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Obana KK, Lind DR, Luzzi AJ, O’Connor MJ, LeVasseur MR, Levine WN. Online patients questions regarding reverse total shoulder arthroplasty pertain to timeline of recovery, specific activities, and limitations. JSES REVIEWS, REPORTS, AND TECHNIQUES 2025; 5:7-13. [PMID: 39872341 PMCID: PMC11764610 DOI: 10.1016/j.xrrt.2024.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
Background Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) demonstrates favorable long-term data and has outpaced anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty as the most-performed shoulder arthroplasty procedure. As indications and outcomes continue to favor rTSA, patients may turn to the internet as an efficient modality to answer various questions or concerns. This study investigates online patient questions pertaining to rTSA and the quality of the websites providing information. Hypotheses (1) Questions will pertain to surgical indications, timeline of recovery, and postoperative restrictions; (2) the quality and transparency of online information is largely heterogenous. Methods Three rTSA searches were entered into the Google Web Search. Questions under the "People also ask" tab were expanded sequentially and 100 consecutive results for each query were included for analysis (300 in total). Questions were categorized based on Rothwell's Classification and subcategorized by topic. Websites were categorized by source. Website quality was evaluated by the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria. Results Most questions fell into the Rothwell Fact category (49.7%). The most common question topics were Timeline of Recovery (17.3%), Specific Activities (14.7%), and Restrictions (11.3%). The least common question topics were Anatomy/Function (0.0%), Cost (0.3%), and Diagnoses/Evaluation (0.3%). The most common websites were Medical Practice (45.0%), Academic (22.3%), and Single Surgeon (12.3%). PubMed articles consisted of 41.2% of Government websites. The average JAMA score for all websites was 1.48 ± 1.27. Government websites had the highest JAMA score (3.11 ± 1.01) and constituted 55.9% of all websites with a score of 4/4. Medical Practice websites had the lowest JAMA score (0.99 ± 0.91). Conclusion Patients are interested in the timeline of recovery, ability to perform specific activities after surgery, and short-term and long-term restrictions following rTSA. Although all patients will benefit from education on ways to perform activities of daily living while abiding by postoperative restrictions, physicians should set preoperative expectations regarding return-to-activity following rTSA in younger, more active patients. Finally, surgeons should provide patients with physical booklets and online information available on their websites to avoid reliance on low-quality online sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle K. Obana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dane R.G. Lind
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Andrew J. Luzzi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michaela J. O’Connor
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew R. LeVasseur
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William N. Levine
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Balachandran U, Ren R, Vicioso C, Park J, Nietsch KS, Sacks B, Busigo Torres R, Ranade SC. What are patients asking and reading online? An analysis of online patient searches about treatments for developmental dysplasia of the hip. J Child Orthop 2025; 19:92-98. [PMID: 39802482 PMCID: PMC11724399 DOI: 10.1177/18632521241310318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to analyze frequently searched questions through Google's "People Also Ask" feature related to four common treatments for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH): the Pavlik harness, rhino brace, closed reduction surgery and open reduction surgery. Methods Search terms for each treatment were entered into Google Web Search using a clean-install Google Chrome browser. The top frequently asked questions and associated websites were extracted. Questions were categorized using the Rothwell classification model. Websites were evaluated using the JAMA Benchmark Criteria. Chi-square tests were performed. Results The initial search yielded 828 questions. Of 479 included questions, the most popular topics were specific activities that patients with DDH can/cannot do (32.8%), technical details about treatments (30.9%) and indications for treatments (18.2%). Websites were commonly academic (59.3%), commercial (40.5%) and governmental (12.3%). There were statistically significant more specific activity questions about Pavlik harnesses than about rhino braces (χ 2 = 7.1, p = 0.008), closed reduction (χ 2 = 56.5, p < 0.001) and open reduction (χ 2 = 14.7, p < 0.001). There were statistically significant more technical details questions about Pavlik harnesses than about closed reduction (χ 2 = 4.1, p = 0.04). Conclusions This study provides insights into common concerns that parents have about their children's DDH treatment, enabling orthopaedic surgeons to provide more effective and targeted consultations. This is particularly important for DDH because affected patients are often diagnosed within the first few months of life, leaving parents overwhelmed by caring for a newborn child and simultaneously coping with this diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Balachandran
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Renee Ren
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Camila Vicioso
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiwoo Park
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katrina S Nietsch
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brittany Sacks
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rodnell Busigo Torres
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheena C Ranade
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Dubin J, Sudah SY, Moverman MA, Pagani NR, Puzzitiello RN, Menendez ME, Guss MS. Google Search Analytics for Lateral Epicondylitis. Hand (N Y) 2025; 20:32-36. [PMID: 37746689 PMCID: PMC11653332 DOI: 10.1177/15589447231199799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of online search engines for health information is becoming common practice. We analyzed Google search queries to identify the most frequently asked topics and questions related to lateral epicondylitis ("tennis elbow") and the Web sites provided to address these questions. METHODS Four search terms for lateral epicondylitis were entered into Google Web Search. A list of the most frequently asked questions along with their associated Web sites was extracted and categorized by 2 independent reviewers. RESULTS A total of 400 questions were extracted with 168 associated Web sites. The most popular question topics were related to indications/management (39.0%), risks/complications (19.5%), and the ability to perform specific activities (18.8%). Frequently asked questions had to do with the duration of symptoms, self-management strategies (eg, brace use and self-massage), and the indications for surgery. The most common Web sites provided to address these questions were social media (27.5%), commercial (24.5%), academic (16.5%), and medical practice (16.3%). CONCLUSION The most frequently asked questions about lateral epicondylitis on Google centered around symptom duration and management, with most information originating from social media and commercial Web sites. Our data can be used to anticipate patient concerns and set expectations regarding the prognosis and management of lateral epicondylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suleiman Y. Sudah
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, NJ, USA
| | - Michael A. Moverman
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas R. Pagani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard N. Puzzitiello
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Michael S. Guss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Tufts University School of Medicine, Newton, MA, USA
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Obana KK, Law C, Mastroianni MA, Abdelaziz A, Alexander FJ, Ahmad CS, Trofa DP. Patients With Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Obtain Information Regarding Diagnosis, Management, and Recovery from Low-Quality Online Resources. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2024; 52:601-607. [PMID: 38651524 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2024.2346462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates the most common online patient questions pertaining to posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries and the quality of the websites providing information. METHODS Four PCL search queries were entered into the Google Web Search. Questions under the 'People also ask' tab were expanded in order and 100 results for each query were included (400 total). Questions were categorized based on Rothwell's Classification of Questions (Fact, Policy, Value). Websites were categorized by source (Academic, Commercial, Government, Medical Practice, Single Surgeon Personal, Social Media). Website quality was evaluated based on the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria. Pearson's chi-squared was used to assess categorical data. Cohen's kappa was used to assess inter-rater reliability. RESULTS Most questions fell into the Rothwell Fact category (54.3%). The most common question topics were Diagnosis/Evaluation (18.0%), Indications/Management (15.5%), and Timeline of Recovery (15.3%). The least common question topics were Technical Details of Procedure (1.5%), Cost (0.5%), and Longevity (0.5%). The most common websites were Medical Practice (31.8%) and Commercial (24.3%), while the least common were Government (8.5%) and Social Media (1.5%). The average JAMA score for websites was 1.49 ± 1.36. Government websites had the highest JAMA score (3.00 ± 1.26) and constituted 42.5% of all websites with a score of 4/4. Comparatively, Single Surgeon Personal websites had the lowest JAMA score (0.76 ± 0.87, range [0-2]). PubMed articles constituted 70.6% (24/34) of Government websites, 70.8% (17/24) had a JAMA score of 4 and 20.8% (5/24) had a score of 3. CONCLUSION Patients search the internet for information regarding diagnosis, treatment, and recovery of PCL injuries and are less interested in the details of the procedure, cost, and longevity of treatment. The low JAMA score reflects the heterogenous quality and transparency of online information. Physicians can use this information to help guide patient expectations pre- and post-operatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle K Obana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian Law
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael A Mastroianni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abed Abdelaziz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank J Alexander
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher S Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David P Trofa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Megalla M, Hahn AK, Bauer JA, Windsor JT, Grace ZT, Gedman MA, Arciero RA. ChatGPT and Google Provide Mostly Excellent or Satisfactory Responses to the Most Frequently Asked Patient Questions Related to Rotator Cuff Repair. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2024; 6:100963. [PMID: 39534040 PMCID: PMC11551354 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2024.100963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the differences in frequently asked questions (FAQs) and responses related to rotator cuff surgery between Google and ChatGPT. Methods Both Google and ChatGPT (version 3.5) were queried for the top 10 FAQs using the search term "rotator cuff repair." Questions were categorized according to Rothwell's classification. In addition to questions and answers for each website, the source that the answer was pulled from was noted and assigned a category (academic, medical practice, etc). Responses were also graded as "excellent response not requiring clarification" (1), "satisfactory requiring minimal clarification" (2), "satisfactory requiring moderate clarification" (3), or "unsatisfactory requiring substantial clarification" (4). Results Overall, 30% of questions were similar between what Google and ChatGPT deemed to be the most FAQs. For questions from Google web search, most answers came from medical practices (40%). For ChatGPT, most answers were provided by academic sources (90%). For numerical questions, ChatGPT and Google provided similar responses for 30% of questions. For most of the questions, both Google and ChatGPT responses were either "excellent" or "satisfactory requiring minimal clarification." Google had 1 response rated as satisfactory requiring moderate clarification, whereas ChatGPT had 2 responses rated as unsatisfactory. Conclusions Both Google and ChatGPT offer mostly excellent or satisfactory responses to the most FAQs regarding rotator cuff repair. However, ChatGPT may provide inaccurate or even fabricated answers and associated citations. Clinical Relevance In general, the quality of online medical content is low. As artificial intelligence develops and becomes more widely used, it is important to assess the quality of the information patients are receiving from this technology.
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Chen PC, Chen CI. Exploring factors impacting patient decisions in hemorrhoid surgery: A questionnaire survey in Taiwan. Surg Open Sci 2024; 20:214-221. [PMID: 39156488 PMCID: PMC11327606 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Minimally invasive hemorrhoid surgeries like Doppler-Guided Hemorrhoidal Artery Ligation (DGHAL) and Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy (PPH) offer benefits over traditional methods. This study investigated public perceptions and attitudes towards these surgeries, exploring awareness, preferences, and influencing factors. Methods A detailed questionnaire was disseminated to 2011 participants from various regions of Taiwan in December 2023, gathering data on demographics, understanding of minimally invasive surgery, and attitudes towards hemorrhoid surgery. Chi-square tests were used for analysis (p < 0.05). Results Hemorrhoid prevalence was similar across sexes and age groups. About 70 % preferred medical centers or district hospitals for surgery. Postoperative complications were a primary concern, with significant sex differences. Approximately 70 % preferred minimally invasive surgery if costs were below NT$50,000. Medical personnel showed higher awareness of minimally invasive surgery benefits. Most participants relied on personal networks and medical social media for information. Conclusions The study revealed generally positive perceptions of minimally invasive hemorrhoid surgery, with cost being a significant factor. Knowledge gaps exist, particularly among non-medical personnel. Future initiatives should aim to enhance public awareness of minimally invasive surgery benefits, and policy considerations should address financial aspects of healthcare decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Chun Chen
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Chen
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Executive Master of Business Administration, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery Medicine, Department of Surgery, E-Da hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Shepard S, Sajjadi NB, Checketts JX, Hughes G, Ottwell R, Chalkin B, Hartwell M, Vassar M. Examining the Public's Most Frequently Asked Questions About Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Appraising Online Information About Treatment. Hand (N Y) 2024; 19:768-775. [PMID: 36564990 PMCID: PMC11284989 DOI: 10.1177/15589447221142895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy. Patients often search online for health information regarding common musculoskeletal complaints. Thus, the purpose of this study was to use language processing information from Google to assess the content of CTS frequently asked questions (FAQs) searched online and the transparency and quality of online CTS information. METHODS On March 11, 2021, we searched Google for 3 terms "carpal tunnel syndrome treatment," "carpal tunnel syndrome surgical treatment," and "carpal tunnel syndrome non-surgical treatment" until a minimum of 100 FAQs and their answer links were extracted from each search. We used Rothwell classification to categorize the FAQs. The Journal of the American Medical Association's benchmark criteria were used to assess information transparency. Information quality was assessed using the Brief DISCERN tool. RESULTS Our Google search returned 124 unique FAQs. Fifty-six (45.2%) were value based and most were related to the evaluation of treatment options (45/56, 80.4%). The most common source type was medical practices (26.6%). Nearly half of the answer sources (45.9%) were found to be lacking in transparency. One-way analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in mean Brief DISCERN scores among the 5 source types, F(4, 119) = 5.93, P = .0002, with medical practices averaging the worst score (13.73/30). CONCLUSIONS Patients are most commonly searching Google to gain information regarding CTS treatment options. Online sources such as medical practices should use widely accepted rubrics for ensuring transparency and quality prior to publishing CTS information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Shepard
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA
| | | | | | - Griffin Hughes
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA
| | | | - Brian Chalkin
- Oklahoma State University Medical Center, Tulsa, USA
| | - Micah Hartwell
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA
| | - Matt Vassar
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA
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Gaudiani MA, Castle JP, Abbas MJ, Pratt BA, Myles MD, Moutzouros V, Lynch TS. ChatGPT-4 Generates More Accurate and Complete Responses to Common Patient Questions About Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Than Google's Search Engine. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2024; 6:100939. [PMID: 39006779 PMCID: PMC11240040 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2024.100939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To replicate a patient's internet search to evaluate ChatGPT's appropriateness in answering common patient questions about anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction compared with a Google web search. Methods A Google web search was performed by searching the term "anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction." The top 20 frequently asked questions and responses were recorded. The prompt "What are the 20 most popular patient questions related to 'anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction?'" was input into ChatGPT and questions and responses were recorded. Questions were classified based on the Rothwell system and responses assessed via Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, correctness, and completeness were for both Google web search and ChatGPT. Results Three of 20 (15%) questions were similar between Google web search and ChatGPT. The most common question types among the Google web search were value (8/20, 40%), fact (7/20, 35%), and policy (5/20, 25%). The most common question types amongst the ChatGPT search were fact (12/20, 60%), policy (6/20, 30%), and value (2/20, 10%). Mean Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level for Google web search responses was significantly lower (11.8 ± 3.8 vs 14.3 ± 2.2; P = .003) than for ChatGPT responses. The mean correctness for Google web search question answers was 1.47 ± 0.5, and mean completeness was 1.36 ± 0.5. Mean correctness for ChatGPT answers was 1.8 ± 0.4 and mean completeness was 1.9 ± 0.3, which were both significantly greater than Google web search answers (P = .03 and P = .0003). Conclusions ChatGPT-4 generated more accurate and complete responses to common patient questions about anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction than Google's search engine. Clinical Relevance The use of artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT is expanding. It is important to understand the quality of information as well as how the results of ChatGPT queries compare with those from Google web searches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Gaudiani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Joshua P. Castle
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Muhammad J. Abbas
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Brittaney A. Pratt
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Marquisha D. Myles
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Vasilios Moutzouros
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - T. Sean Lynch
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
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Chen Y, Zhang S, Tang N, George DM, Huang T, Tang J. Using Google web search to analyze and evaluate the application of ChatGPT in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1412063. [PMID: 38883198 PMCID: PMC11176516 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1412063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a new machine learning tool that allows patients to access health information online, specifically compared to Google, the most commonly used search engine in the United States. Patients can use ChatGPT to better understand medical issues. This study compared the two search engines based on: (i) frequently asked questions (FAQs) about Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome (FAI), (ii) the corresponding answers to these FAQs, and (iii) the most FAQs yielding a numerical response. Purpose To assess the suitability of ChatGPT as an online health information resource for patients by replicating their internet searches. Study design Cross-sectional study. Methods The same keywords were used to search the 10 most common questions about FAI on both Google and ChatGPT. The responses from both search engines were recorded and analyzed. Results Of the 20 questions, 8 (40%) were similar. Among the 10 questions searched on Google, 7 were provided by a medical practice. For numerical questions, there was a notable difference in answers between Google and ChatGPT for 3 out of the top 5 most common questions (60%). Expert evaluation indicated that 67.5% of experts were satisfied or highly satisfied with the accuracy of ChatGPT's descriptions of both conservative and surgical treatment options for FAI. Additionally, 62.5% of experts were satisfied or highly satisfied with the safety of the information provided. Regarding the etiology of FAI, including cam and pincer impingements, 52.5% of experts expressed satisfaction or high satisfaction with ChatGPT's explanations. Overall, 62.5% of experts affirmed that ChatGPT could serve effectively as a reliable medical resource for initial information retrieval. Conclusion This study confirms that ChatGPT, despite being a new tool, shows significant potential as a supplementary resource for health information on FAI. Expert evaluations commend its capacity to provide accurate and comprehensive responses, valued by medical professionals for relevance and safety. Nonetheless, continuous improvements in its medical content's depth and precision are recommended for ongoing reliability. While ChatGPT offers a promising alternative to traditional search engines, meticulous validation is imperative before it can be fully embraced as a trusted medical resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Orthopaedic Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shengqun Zhang
- Orthopaedic Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Orthopaedic Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Tianlong Huang
- Orthopaedic Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - JinPing Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
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Arif HA, Morales JA, Howard R, Silva MA, Sebt S, Edmonds EW. Evaluation of Online Shoulder Instability-Related Patient Education Materials. HSS J 2024:15563316241254056. [PMID: 39564423 PMCID: PMC11572692 DOI: 10.1177/15563316241254056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
Background: Younger patients are more likely than older patients to experience shoulder instability and to rely on online educational resources. Although the Internet has increased patient access to medical information, this may not translate to increased health literacy. Purpose: We sought to analyze the quality and readability of online information on shoulder instability. Methods: We conducted a Google search using 6 terms related to shoulder instability. We collected the first 20 non-sponsored results for each term. Readability was evaluated using the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), and Gunning Fox Index (GFI) instruments. Quality was assessed using a Quality Grading Sheet (QGS) and the validated DISCERN instrument. Results: A total of 64 of 120 patient educational materials (PEMs) met the inclusion criteria. The mean FKGL, FRE, and GFI scores were 9.45 ± 0.552, 50.51 ± 3.4, and 11.5 ± 0.6, respectively. The mean DISCERN score and QGS rating were 33.09 ± 2.02 and 10.52 ± 1.28, respectively. While 49 (76.6%) articles discussed operative treatment for persistent shoulder instability, only 4 (6.3%) mentioned risks associated with surgery. Non-institutional sources had higher DISCERN scores than those from medical institutions. Conclusions: This review of online shoulder instability-related PEMs suggests that many do not meet current recommendations, with an average quality rating of "poor" and a mean ninth-grade reading level. Surgeons should be aware of the relative paucity of information on the risks and outcomes associated with operative treatment of shoulder instability contained in these PEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haad A Arif
- School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jose A Morales
- School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Roland Howard
- Department of Sports Medicine, Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael A Silva
- School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Seena Sebt
- School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Eric W Edmonds
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Obana KK, Lind DR, Mastroianni MA, Rondon AJ, Alexander FJ, Levine WN, Ahmad CS. What are our patients asking Google about acromioclavicular joint injuries?-frequently asked online questions and the quality of online resources. JSES REVIEWS, REPORTS, AND TECHNIQUES 2024; 4:175-181. [PMID: 38706686 PMCID: PMC11065754 DOI: 10.1016/j.xrrt.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Management of acromioclavicular (AC) joint injuries has been an ongoing source of debate, with over 150 variations of surgery described in the literature. Without a consensus on surgical technique, patients are seeking answers to common questions through internet resources. This study investigates the most common online patient questions pertaining to AC joint injuries and the quality of the websites providing information. Hypothesis 1) Question topics will pertain to surgical indications, pain management, and success of surgery and 2) the quality and transparency of online information are largely heterogenous. Methods Three AC joint search queries were entered into the Google Web Search. Questions under the "People also ask" tab were expanded in order and 100 results for each query were included (300 total). Questions were categorized based on Rothwell's classification. Websites were categorized by source. Website quality was evaluated by the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria. Results Most questions fell into the Rothwell Fact category (48.0%). The most common question topics were surgical indications (28.0%), timeline of recovery (13.0%), and diagnosis/evaluation (12.0%). The least common question topics were anatomy/function (3.3%), evaluation of surgery (3.3%), injury comparison (1.0%), and cost (1.0%). The most common websites were medical practice (44.0%), academic (22.3%), and single surgeon personal (12.3%). The average JAMA score for all websites was 1.0 ± 1.3. Government websites had the highest JAMA score (4.0 ± 0.0) and constituted 45.8% of all websites with a score of 4/4. PubMed articles constituted 63.6% (7/11) of government website. Comparatively, medical practice websites had the lowest JAMA score (0.3 ± 0.7, range [0-3]). Conclusion Online patient AC joint injury questions pertain to surgical indications, timeline of recovery, and diagnosis/evaluation. Government websites and PubMed articles provide the highest-quality sources of reliable, up-to-date information but constitute the smallest proportion of resources. In contrast, medical practice represents the most visited websites, however, recorded the lowest quality score. Physicians should utilize this information to answer frequently asked questions, guide patient expectations, and help provide and identify reliable online resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle K. Obana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dane R.G. Lind
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael A. Mastroianni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander J. Rondon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank J. Alexander
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William N. Levine
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher S. Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Zhang S, Liau ZQG, Tan KLM, Chua WL. Evaluating the accuracy and relevance of ChatGPT responses to frequently asked questions regarding total knee replacement. Knee Surg Relat Res 2024; 36:15. [PMID: 38566254 PMCID: PMC10986046 DOI: 10.1186/s43019-024-00218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT), a generative artificial intelligence chatbot, may have broad applications in healthcare delivery and patient education due to its ability to provide human-like responses to a wide range of patient queries. However, there is limited evidence regarding its ability to provide reliable and useful information on orthopaedic procedures. This study seeks to evaluate the accuracy and relevance of responses provided by ChatGPT to frequently asked questions (FAQs) regarding total knee replacement (TKR). METHODS A list of 50 clinically-relevant FAQs regarding TKR was collated. Each question was individually entered as a prompt to ChatGPT (version 3.5), and the first response generated was recorded. Responses were then reviewed by two independent orthopaedic surgeons and graded on a Likert scale for their factual accuracy and relevance. These responses were then classified into accurate versus inaccurate and relevant versus irrelevant responses using preset thresholds on the Likert scale. RESULTS Most responses were accurate, while all responses were relevant. Of the 50 FAQs, 44/50 (88%) of ChatGPT responses were classified as accurate, achieving a mean Likert grade of 4.6/5 for factual accuracy. On the other hand, 50/50 (100%) of responses were classified as relevant, achieving a mean Likert grade of 4.9/5 for relevance. CONCLUSION ChatGPT performed well in providing accurate and relevant responses to FAQs regarding TKR, demonstrating great potential as a tool for patient education. However, it is not infallible and can occasionally provide inaccurate medical information. Patients and clinicians intending to utilize this technology should be mindful of its limitations and ensure adequate supervision and verification of information provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Health System, Level 11, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
| | - Zi Qiang Glen Liau
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Health System, Level 11, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Kian Loong Melvin Tan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Health System, Level 11, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Wei Liang Chua
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Health System, Level 11, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
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Arif HA, LeBrun G, Moore ST, Friscia DA. Analysis of the Most Popular Online Ankle Fracture-Related Patient Education Materials. FOOT & ANKLE ORTHOPAEDICS 2024; 9:24730114241241310. [PMID: 38577700 PMCID: PMC10989055 DOI: 10.1177/24730114241241310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Given the increasing accessibility of Internet access, it is critical to ensure that the informational material available online for patient education is both accurate and readable to promote a greater degree of health literacy. This study sought to investigate the quality and readability of the most popular online resources for ankle fractures. Methods After conducting a Google search using 6 terms related to ankle fractures, we collected the first 20 nonsponsored results for each term. Readability was evaluated using the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), and Gunning Fog Index (GFI) instruments. Quality was evaluated using custom created Ankle Fracture Index (AFI). Results A total of 46 of 120 articles met the inclusion criteria. The mean FKGL, FRE, and GFI scores were 8.4 ± 0.5, 57.5 ± 3.2, and 10.5 ± 0.5, respectively. The average AFI score was 15.4 ± 1.4, corresponding to an "acceptable" quality rating. Almost 70% of articles (n = 32) were written at or below the recommended eighth-grade reading level. Most articles discussed the need for imaging in diagnosis and treatment planning while neglecting to discuss the risks of surgery or potential future operations. Conclusion We found that online patient-facing materials on ankle fractures demonstrated an eighth-grade average reading grade level and an acceptable quality on content analysis. Further work should surround increasing information regarding risk factors, complications for surgery, and long-term recovery while ensuring that readability levels remain below at least the eighth-grade level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haad A. Arif
- School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Simon T. Moore
- School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - David A. Friscia
- School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
- Eisenhower Desert Orthopedic Center, Rancho Mirage, CA, USA
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14
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Chong LSL, Zhu M, Baker JF. Quality Assessment of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Information on the Internet. Int J Spine Surg 2024; 18:54-61. [PMID: 38123985 PMCID: PMC11265354 DOI: 10.14444/8566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient education is a key element of spinal surgery informed consent. Patients frequently access health information online, yet this information is unregulated and of variable quality. We aimed to assess the quality of information available on degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) websites with a focus on identifying high-quality information websites. METHODS We performed a Google search using keywords pertaining to DCM. The top 50 websites returned were classified based on their publication source, intended audience, and country of origin. The quality of these websites was assessed using both the DISCERN instrument and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria. We also utilized a novel Myelopathy Information Scoring Tool (MIST) to assess the comprehensiveness, accuracy, and detail of online DCM information. RESULTS The mean DISCERN score was 39.9 out of 80. Only one-quarter of these websites were rated "good" or "excellent" using DISCERN, and the remaining were rated "very poor," "poor," and "fair." The mean JAMA benchmark score was 1.6 out of 4, with 23 out of 50 websites scoring 0. Evaluation using MIST found a mean score of 25.6 out of 50. Using 30 points as a satisfactory MIST cutoff, 72% of DCM websites were deemed critically deficient and unsatisfactory for comprehensive patient education. Both DISCERN and MIST indicated poorest information pertaining to surgical risks and complications as well as treatment outcomes. Websites such as Orthoinfo.aaos.org and Myelopathy.org provided reliable, trustworthy, and comprehensive patient education. CONCLUSIONS Information available on almost three-quarters of DCM websites was of poor quality, with information regarding complications and treatment outcomes most deficient. Clinicians should be aware of quality sites where patients may be directed to augment patient education and surgical counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Swee Liang Chong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, Waikato, New Zealand
| | - Mark Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, Waikato, New Zealand
| | - Joseph Frederick Baker
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, Waikato, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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15
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Raja HM, DeShazo SJ, Bowcutt JT, Chen J. Quality and Readability Analysis of Online Information on First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Fusion. J Foot Ankle Surg 2024; 63:256-261. [PMID: 38043600 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Patients frequently turn to the internet to learn about their orthopedic procedures. This study evaluates the readability and quality of first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint fusion information found online. We evaluated websites based on classification, search term, readability, HON code, DISCERN score, Journal of the American Medical Association benchmark criteria, and an author-created MTP fusion index (MFI). The average readability of websites was 8.48 ± 1.99, above the recommended sixth- or eighth-grade reading level. Almost half of all websites (48.98%) provided "poor" information. Keywords had no significant impact on the readability or quality of information. Academic/governmental websites had the highest quality of information, with the highest DISCERN and second highest MFI. Most websites (52.04%) were commercial and were the easiest to read, but had the second lowest DISCERN and MFI scores. Our results suggest that inappropriate information on the MTP joint fusion procedure is abundant online. Academic/governmental websites have the highest quality of information, but may be difficult for patients to comprehend. Many websites do have readable and relevant information. We recommend that physicians create a list of websites with accurate, relevant information for patients to circumvent the misinformation they may find while navigating and reading online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza M Raja
- John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX.
| | - Sterling J DeShazo
- John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX
| | - Jeffrey T Bowcutt
- John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX
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Wright BM, Bodnar MS, Moore AD, Maseda MC, Kucharik MP, Diaz CC, Schmidt CM, Mir HR. Is ChatGPT a trusted source of information for total hip and knee arthroplasty patients? Bone Jt Open 2024; 5:139-146. [PMID: 38354748 PMCID: PMC10867788 DOI: 10.1302/2633-1462.52.bjo-2023-0113.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims While internet search engines have been the primary information source for patients' questions, artificial intelligence large language models like ChatGPT are trending towards becoming the new primary source. The purpose of this study was to determine if ChatGPT can answer patient questions about total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA) with consistent accuracy, comprehensiveness, and easy readability. Methods We posed the 20 most Google-searched questions about THA and TKA, plus ten additional postoperative questions, to ChatGPT. Each question was asked twice to evaluate for consistency in quality. Following each response, we responded with, "Please explain so it is easier to understand," to evaluate ChatGPT's ability to reduce response reading grade level, measured as Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL). Five resident physicians rated the 120 responses on 1 to 5 accuracy and comprehensiveness scales. Additionally, they answered a "yes" or "no" question regarding acceptability. Mean scores were calculated for each question, and responses were deemed acceptable if ≥ four raters answered "yes." Results The mean accuracy and comprehensiveness scores were 4.26 (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.19 to 4.33) and 3.79 (95% CI 3.69 to 3.89), respectively. Out of all the responses, 59.2% (71/120; 95% CI 50.0% to 67.7%) were acceptable. ChatGPT was consistent when asked the same question twice, giving no significant difference in accuracy (t = 0.821; p = 0.415), comprehensiveness (t = 1.387; p = 0.171), acceptability (χ2 = 1.832; p = 0.176), and FKGL (t = 0.264; p = 0.793). There was a significantly lower FKGL (t = 2.204; p = 0.029) for easier responses (11.14; 95% CI 10.57 to 11.71) than original responses (12.15; 95% CI 11.45 to 12.85). Conclusion ChatGPT answered THA and TKA patient questions with accuracy comparable to previous reports of websites, with adequate comprehensiveness, but with limited acceptability as the sole information source. ChatGPT has potential for answering patient questions about THA and TKA, but needs improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Wright
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Michael S. Bodnar
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew D. Moore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Meghan C. Maseda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Michael P. Kucharik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Connor C. Diaz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Christian M. Schmidt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Hassan R. Mir
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service, Florida Orthopedic Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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17
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Moutzouri M, Koumantakis GA, Hurley M, Kladouchou AG, Gioftsos G. Effectiveness of a Web-Guided Self-Managed Telerehabilitation Program Enhanced with Outdoor Physical Activity on Physical Function, Physical Activity Levels and Pain in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2024; 13:934. [PMID: 38398248 PMCID: PMC10889528 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13040934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Telerehabilitation to guide self-management has been shown to be a feasible care strategy for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a blended web-based rehabilitation program enhanced with outdoor physical activity (BWR-OPA) and consultation versus an OPA (usual care) program in KOA patients. Methods: Forty-four KOA participants were prescribed to follow the programs five times/week for 6 weeks. The primary outcome was self-reported physical function, measured by the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). The secondary outcomes were pain, PA, function (timed up-and-go (TUG) test, 30 s chair rise test (30 s CRT)), psychological functioning and QoL. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups' KOOSs for pain and symptom subscales at the 6- and 12-week post-intervention assessments compared to baseline (p < 0.005) favoring the BWR-OPA group. There was a superior improvement in PA in the BWR-OPA training group (p < 0.05). Statistical and clinical improvements were found (p < 0.001) with effect sizes over 2.0 for objective measures of function. Similar improvements were recorded over time (p < 0.005) at 12 weeks for QoL, KOOS subscales for ADL, QoL and sports/recreation and psychological functioning for both groups. Conclusions: A blended web-based self-managed care program with outdoor PA was superior in many respects to usual care in KOA participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Moutzouri
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece; (G.A.K.); (G.G.)
| | - George A. Koumantakis
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece; (G.A.K.); (G.G.)
| | - Michael Hurley
- Centre for Allied Health, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK;
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kingston University, Holmwood House, Grove Crescent, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK
- Orthopaedic Research UK, Furlong House, 10a Chandos Street, London W1G 9DQ, UK
| | | | - George Gioftsos
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece; (G.A.K.); (G.G.)
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Gaudiani MA, Castle JP, Gasparro MA, Halkias EL, Adjemian A, McGee A, Fife J, Moutzouros V, Lynch TS. What Do Patients Encounter When Searching Online About Meniscal Surgery? An Analysis of Internet Trends. Orthop J Sports Med 2024; 12:23259671231219014. [PMID: 38274014 PMCID: PMC10809868 DOI: 10.1177/23259671231219014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Many patients use the internet to learn about their orthopaedic conditions and find answers to their common questions. However, the sources and quality of information available to patients regarding meniscal surgery have not been fully evaluated. Purpose To determine the most frequently searched questions associated with meniscal surgery based on question type and topic, as well as to assess the website source type and quality. Study Design Cross-sectional study. Methods The following search terms were entered into a web search (www.google.com) using a clean-install browser: "meniscal tear,""meniscus repair,""meniscectomy,""knee scope,""meniscus surgery," and "knee arthroscopy." The Rothwell classification system was used to categorize questions and sort them into 1 of 13 topics relevant to meniscal surgery. Websites were also categorized by source into groups. The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria (medians and interquartile ranges [IQRs]) were used to measure website quality. Results A total of 337 unique questions associated with 234 websites were extracted and categorized. The most popular questions were "What is the fastest way to recover from meniscus surgery?" and "What happens if a meniscus tear is left untreated?" Academic websites were associated more commonly with diagnosis questions (41.9%, P < .01). Commercial websites were associated more commonly with cost (71.4%, P = .03) and management (47.6%, P = .02). Government websites addressed a higher proportion of questions regarding timeline of recovery (22.2%, P < .01). Websites associated with medical practices were associated more commonly with risks/complications (43.8%, P = .01) while websites associated with single surgeons were associated more commonly with pain (19.4%, P = .03). Commercial and academic websites had the highest median JAMA benchmark scores (4 [IQR, 3-4] and 3 [IQR, 2-4], respectively) while websites associated with a single surgeon or categorized as "other" had the lowest scores (1 [IQR 1-2] and 1 [IQR 1-1.5], respectively). Conclusion Our study found that the most common questions regarding meniscal surgery were associated with diagnosis of meniscal injury, followed by activities and restrictions after meniscal surgery. Academic websites were associated significantly with diagnosis questions. The highest quality websites were commercial and academic websites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua P. Castle
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anna McGee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jonathan Fife
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | - T. Sean Lynch
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Marín Fermín T, Hantouly AT, Al-Dolaymi AA, Olory BCR, Hagert E, Papakostas ET, Zikria BA. Patient-oriented educational Sports Medicine YouTube videos in Arabic have higher view counts in the Middle East and North Africa than their English versions. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2023; 47:3007-3011. [PMID: 37702842 PMCID: PMC10673965 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-023-05970-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aims to assess the impact of the local language on the view count of patient-oriented educational Sports Medicine videos in an Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital in the Middle East and North Africa. METHODS An observational study on English and Arabic versions of Aspetar's YouTube channel patient-oriented educational video series was conducted in February 2023, comparing the view count and viewer characteristics. Included videos were posted either simultaneously or in English version first, in both languages, and shared on the same media platforms. Collected data of interest included video title, view count in each language, age and sex of the viewers, location, and traffic source. RESULTS Eleven videos of the patient-oriented educational video series were included in the present study. Except for one, the view count was significantly higher in the Arabic version of all 11 videos (minimum sevenfold, P = 0.03). Viewers were predominantly males (73.9%) and between 18 and 44 years old (81.1%). Eleven out of 19 countries of the Middle East and North Africa region [11] were among the viewers' top 20 countries. Traffic sources included YouTube search (45.9%), YouTube suggested videos (17%), external sources (14.4%), YouTube browse features (8.5%), and YouTube advertising (6%). CONCLUSION Patient-oriented educational Sports Medicine videos in Arabic yield higher view counts than their English version in young adult viewers from 11 countries in the Middle East and Africa among the top 20. Content creation on languages with limited online representation could effectively reach the targeted population by breaking language barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodorakys Marín Fermín
- Centro Médico Profesional Las Mercedes, Av. Principal de Las Mercedes, piso 3, consultorio 37, Caracas, Venezuela.
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ashraf T Hantouly
- Orthopedics Department, Surgical Specialty Center, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayyoub A Al-Dolaymi
- Medicine College, University of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Bruno C R Olory
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Elisabet Hagert
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Bashir A Zikria
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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Springer B, Dreisbach R, Schatz KD, Kubista B, Waldstein W. Online Videos Regarding Relevant Postoperative Patient Information and Postoperative Rehabilitation After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Provide Poor Information Quality, Accuracy, and Reliability. Arthroscopy 2023; 39:2443-2453.e2. [PMID: 37355180 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2023.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the information quality, accuracy, and reliability of YouTube videos regarding relevant postoperative patient information and postoperative rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. METHODS By use of The Onion Router (TOR) software and predefined search terms, 102 videos were assessed. Four scoring systems were used to evaluate included videos: (1) Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria score; (2) Global Quality Score (GQS); (3) DISCERN score; and (4) a newly developed score, the Rotator Cuff Score (RCS). The RCS (0-30 points) was built based on the latest published evidence and guidelines from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Videos that scored up to 9 points were regarded as poor-quality videos. RESULTS Most of the included videos provided poor information quality, accuracy, and reliability. Videos that were uploaded by medically trained professionals showed significantly better results for all scores compared with commercial or personal-testimony videos (JAMA benchmark criteria score, P < .001; GQS, P < .001; DISCERN score, P = .001; and RCS, P = .001). Multivariate linear regression showed that the involvement of medically trained professionals was a significant predictor of better results for all scores (JAMA benchmark criteria score, β = 1.496 [P < .001]; GQS, β = 1.105 [P < .001]; DISCERN score, β = 11.234 [P < .001]; and RCS, β = 5.017 [P < .001]). Surprisingly, the like ratio was significantly higher for videos that were uploaded by non-medically trained individuals (P = .041). CONCLUSIONS The average information quality, accuracy, and reliability of YouTube videos regarding relevant postoperative patient information and postoperative rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair are poor. Videos from medically trained professionals provide significantly higher information quality; however, even these videos lack important information for a better understanding of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Because of the lack of a peer-review process, available videos on YouTube regarding relevant postoperative patient information and postoperative rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair are of low quality, accuracy, and reliability. However, patients increasingly visit YouTube to gather medical knowledge. Physicians should enlighten patients about these findings and should be able to provide alternative sources of high-quality information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Springer
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robin Dreisbach
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus-Dieter Schatz
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernd Kubista
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sanatorium Hera, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wenzel Waldstein
- Clinic for Orthopaedics Paulinenhilfe, Diakonie-Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
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21
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Khalil LS, Castle JP, Akioyamen NO, Corsi MP, Cominos ND, Dubé M, Lynch TS. What are patients asking and reading online? An analysis of online patient searches for rotator cuff repair. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2023; 32:2245-2255. [PMID: 37263485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing rotator cuff surgery often search the internet for information regarding the procedure. One popular source, Google, compiles frequently asked questions and links to websites that may provide answers. This study provides an analysis of the most frequently searched questions associated with rotator cuff surgery. We hypothesize that there will be distinct search patterns associated with online queries about rotator cuff surgery that could provide unique insights into patient concerns. METHODS A set of search terms were entered into Google Web Search using a clean-install Google Chrome browser. Frequently associated questions and their webpages were extracted to a database via a data mining extension. Questions were categorized by topics relevant for rotator cuff arthroscopy. Websites were categorized by source and scored for quality using the JAMA Benchmark Criteria. Pearson's χ2 tests were used to analyze nominal data. Student t tests were performed to compare JAMA Benchmark Scores. RESULTS Of the 595 questions generated from the initial search, 372 unique questions associated with 293 websites were extracted and categorized. The most popular question topics were activities/restrictions (20.7%), pain (18.8%), and indications/management (13.2%). The 2 most common websites searched were academic (35.2%) and medical practice (27.4%). Commercial websites were significantly more likely to be associated with questions about cost (57.1% of all cost questions, P = .01), anatomy/function (62.5%, P = .001), and evaluation of surgery (47.6%, P < .001). Academic websites were more likely to be associated with questions about technical details of surgery (58.1%, P < .001). Medical practice and social media websites were more likely associated with activities/restrictions (48.1%, P < .001, and 15.6%, P < .001, respectively). Government websites were more likely associated with timeline of recovery (12.8%, P = .01). On a scale of 0-4, commercial and academic websites had the highest JAMA scores (3.06 and 2.39, respectively). CONCLUSION Patients seeking information regarding rotator cuff repair primarily use the Google search engine to ask questions regarding postoperative activity and restrictions, followed by pain, indications, and management. Academic websites, which were associated with technical details of surgery, and medical practice websites, which were associated with activities/restrictions, were the 2 most commonly searched resources. These results emphasize the need for orthopedic surgeons to provide detailed and informative instructions to patients undergoing rotator cuff repair, especially in the postoperative setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lafi S Khalil
- McLaren Flint Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Flint, MI, USA.
| | - Joshua P Castle
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Noel O Akioyamen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, The Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Dubé
- Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - T Sean Lynch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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Smith SR, Hodakowski A, McCormick JR, Spaan J, Streepy J, Mowers C, Simcock X. Patient-Directed Online Education for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Release: Analysis of What Patients Ask and Quality of Resources. JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY GLOBAL ONLINE 2023; 5:818-822. [PMID: 38106941 PMCID: PMC10721500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2023.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study classifies common questions searched by patients from the Google search engine and categorizes the types and quality of online education resources used by patients regarding carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and carpal tunnel release (CTR). Methods Google's results were extracted and compiled using the "People also ask" function for frequent questions and associated web pages for CTS and CTR. Questions were categorized using Rothwell's classification with further topic subcategorization. Web pages were evaluated by using Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Criteria for source quality. Results Of the 600 questions evaluated, "How do I know if I have carpal tunnel or tendonitis?" and "What causes carpal tunnel to flare up?" were the most commonly investigated questions for CTS. For CTR, frequent questions investigated included "How long after hand surgery can I drive" and "How do you wipe after carpal tunnel surgery." The most common questions for CTS by Rothwell classification were policy (51%), fact (41%), and value (8%) with the highest subcategories being indications/management (46%) and technical details (27%). For CTR, the most common questions entailed fact (54%), policy (34%), and value (11%) with the highest subcategories as technical details (31%) and indications/management (26%). The most common web pages were academic and medical practice. The mean Journal of the American Medical Association score for all 600 web pages was 1.43, with journals (mean = 3.91) having the highest score and legal (mean = 0.52) and single surgeon practice websites (mean = 0.28) having the lowest scores. Conclusions Patients frequently inquire online about etiology, precipitating factors, diagnostic criteria, and activity restrictions regarding CTS/CTR. Overall, the quality of online resources for this topic was poor, especially from single surgeon practices and legal websites. Clinical relevance Understanding the type and quality of information patients are accessing assists physicians in tailoring counseling to patient concerns and facilitates informed decision-making regarding CTS/CTR as well as guiding patients to high-quality online searches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby R Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Jonathan Spaan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - John Streepy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Colton Mowers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Xavier Simcock
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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Castle JP, Khalil LS, Tramer JS, Huyke-Hernández FA, Haddad J, Fife J, Esho Y, Gasparro MA, Moutzouros V, Lynch TS. Indications for Surgery, Activities After Surgery, and Pain Are the Most Commonly Asked Questions in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2023; 5:100805. [PMID: 37753188 PMCID: PMC10518323 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2023.100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To leverage Google's search algorithms to summarize the most commonly asked questions regarding anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and surgery. Methods Six terms related to ACL tear and/or surgery were searched on a clean-installed Google Chrome browser. The list of questions and their associated websites on the Google search page were extracted after multiple search iterations performed in January of 2022. Questions and websites were categorized according to Rothwell's criteria. The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark criteria were used to grade website quality and transparency. Descriptive statistics were provided. χ2 and Student t-tests identified for categorical differences and differences in JAMA score, respectively (significance set at P < .05). Results A total of 273 unique questions associated with 204 websites were identified. The most frequently asked questions involved Indications/Management (20.2%), Specific Activities (15.8%), and Pain (10.3%). The most common websites were Medical Practice (27.9%), Academic (23.5%), and Commercial (19.5%). In Academic websites, questions regarding Specific Activities were seldom included (4.7%) whereas questions regarding Pain were frequently addressed (39.3%, P = .027). Although average JAMA score was relatively high for Academic websites, the average combined score for medical and governmental websites was lower (P < .001) than nonmedical websites. Conclusions The most searched questions on Google regarding ACL tears or surgery related to indications for surgery, pain, and activities postoperatively. Health information resources stemmed from Medical Practice (27.9%) followed by Academic (23.5%) and Commercial (19.5%) websites. Medical websites had lower JAMA quality scores compared with nonmedical websites. Clinical Relevance These findings presented may assist physicians in addressing the most frequently searched questions while also guiding their patients to greater-quality resources regarding ACL injuries and surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Castle
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Lafi S. Khalil
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McLaren Hospital, Flint, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Joseph S. Tramer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | | | - Jamil Haddad
- Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Johnathan Fife
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Yousif Esho
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Matthew A. Gasparro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Vasilios Moutzouros
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - T. Sean Lynch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
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Manobianco A, Seah S, Fraval A, Tran P. How the internet is accessed by and influences surgical patient's decision making. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:2054-2055. [PMID: 37265079 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Manobianco
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Clinical School, The University of Notre Dame, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sebastian Seah
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Fraval
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phong Tran
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Phelps CR, Shepard S, Hughes G, Gurule J, Scott J, Raszewski J, Hatic S, Hawkins B, Vassar M. Insights Into Patients Questions Over Bunion Treatments: A Google Study. FOOT & ANKLE ORTHOPAEDICS 2023; 8:24730114231198837. [PMID: 37767008 PMCID: PMC10521286 DOI: 10.1177/24730114231198837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 1 in 4 adults will develop hallux valgus (HV). Up to 80% of adult Internet users reference online sources for health-related information. Overall, with the high prevalence of HV combined with the numerous treatment options, we believe patients are likely turning to Internet search engines for questions relevant to HV. Using Google's people also ask (PAA) or frequently asked questions (FAQs) feature, we sought to classify these questions, categorize the sources, as well as assess their levels of quality and transparency. Methods On October 9, 2022, we searched Google using these 4 phrases: "hallux valgus treatment," "hallux valgus surgery," "bunion treatment," and "bunion surgery." The FAQs were classified in accordance with the Rothwell Classification schema and each source was categorized. Lastly, transparency and quality of the sources' information were evaluated with the Journal of the American Medical Association's (JAMA) Benchmark tool and Brief DISCERN, respectively. Results Once duplicates and FAQs unrelated to HV were removed, our search returned 299 unique FAQs. The most common question in our sample was related to the evaluation of treatment options (79/299, 26.4%). The most common source type was medical practices (158/299, 52.8%). Nearly two-thirds of the answer sources (184/299; 61.5%) were lacking in transparency. One-way analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in mean Brief DISCERN scores among the 5 source types, F(4) = 54.49 (P < .001), with medical practices averaging the worst score (12.1/30). Conclusion Patients seeking online information concerning treatment options for HV search for questions pertaining to the evaluation of treatment options. The source type encountered most by patients is medical practices; these were found to have both poor transparency and poor quality. Publishing basic information such as the date of publication, authors or reviewers, and references would greatly improve the transparency and quality of online information regarding HV treatment. Level of Evidence Level V, mechanism-based reasoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole R. Phelps
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Samuel Shepard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kettering Health Network, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Griffin Hughes
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Jon Gurule
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oklahoma State University Medical Center, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Jared Scott
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oklahoma State University Medical Center, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Jesse Raszewski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kettering Health Network, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Safet Hatic
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kettering Health Network, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Bryan Hawkins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oklahoma State University Medical Center, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Matt Vassar
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
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Kasthuri V, Homer A, Alsoof D, Hong J, McDonald CL, Diebo BG, Daniels AH. Modern internet search analytics and spine: what are patients asking and reading online? NORTH AMERICAN SPINE SOCIETY JOURNAL 2023; 14:100214. [PMID: 37214263 PMCID: PMC10192655 DOI: 10.1016/j.xnsj.2023.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Google's People Also Ask feature uses various machine learning algorithms to distill the most frequently asked questions and link users to potential answers. The aim of this study is to investigate the most frequently asked questions related to commonly performed spine surgeries. Methods This is an observational study utilizing Google's People Also Ask feature. A variety of search terms were entered into Google for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), discectomy, and lumbar fusion. Frequently asked questions and linked websites were extracted. Questions were categorized by topic based on Rothwell's Classification system, and websites were categorized by type. Pearson's chi-squared and Student t tests were performed as appropriate. Results A total of 576 unique questions (181 ACDF, 148 discectomy, 309 lumbar fusion) were extracted with 372 unique websites and 177 domains. The most common website types were medical practice (41%), social media (22%), and academic (15%). The most popular question topics were specific activities & restrictions (22%), technical details (23%), and evaluation of surgery (17%). Questions related to technical details were more common in discectomy vs lumbar fusion (33% vs 24%, p=.03) and lumbar fusion vs ACDF (24% vs 14%, p=.01). Questions related to specific activities & restrictions were more common in ACDF vs discectomy (17% vs 8%, p=.02) and ACDF vs lumbar fusion (28% vs 19%, p=.016). Questions related to risks & complications were more common in ACDF vs lumbar fusion (10% vs 4%, p=.01). Conclusions The most frequently asked questions on Google regarding spine surgery are related to technical details and activity restrictions. Surgeons may emphasize these domains in consultations and direct patients to reputable sources of further information. Much of the linked information provided originates from nonacademic and nongovernment sources (72%), with 22% from social media websites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viknesh Kasthuri
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 1 Kettle Point Ave, East Providence, RI, 02914, United States
| | - Alexander Homer
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 1 Kettle Point Ave, East Providence, RI, 02914, United States
| | - Daniel Alsoof
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 1 Kettle Point Ave, East Providence, RI, 02914, United States
| | - James Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 1 Kettle Point Ave, East Providence, RI, 02914, United States
| | - Christopher L McDonald
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 1 Kettle Point Ave, East Providence, RI, 02914, United States
| | - Bassel G Diebo
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 1 Kettle Point Ave, East Providence, RI, 02914, United States
| | - Alan H Daniels
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 1 Kettle Point Ave, East Providence, RI, 02914, United States
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Abed V, Sullivan BM, Skinner M, Hawk GS, Khalily C, Conley C, Stone AV. YouTube Is a Poor-Quality Source for Patient Information Regarding Patellar Dislocations. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2023; 5:e459-e464. [PMID: 37101882 PMCID: PMC10123404 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the content and quality of YouTube videos concerning patellar dislocations. Methods "Patellar dislocation" and "kneecap dislocation" were searched on the YouTube library. The Uniform Resource Locator of the first 25 suggested videos was extracted, for a total of 50 videos. The following variables were collected for each video: number of views, duration in minutes, video source/uploader, content type, days since upload, view ratio (views/day), and number of likes. Video source/uploader was categorized as academic, physician, nonphysician, medical source, patient, commercial, and other. The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Global Quality Scale (GQS), Patellar Dislocation Specific Score (PDSS), and DISCERN scores were used to assess each video. A series of linear regression models were used to explore relationships between each of these scores and the aforementioned variables. Results The median video length was 4.11 minutes (interquartile range 2.07-6.03, range 0.31-53.56), and the total number of views for all 50 videos was 3,697,587 views. The mean overall JAMA benchmark score ± standard deviation was 2.56 ± 0.64, GQS: 3.54 ± 1.05, total PDSS: 5.76 ± 3.42. Physicians were the most common video source/uploader (42%). Academic sources had the greatest mean JAMA benchmark score (3.20), whereas nonphysician and physician sources had the greatest mean GQS scores (4.09 and 3.95, respectively). Videos uploaded by physicians had the greatest PDSS scores (7.5). Conclusions The overall transparency, reliability, and content quality of YouTube videos on patellar dislocation measured by the JAMA benchmark score and PDSS, respectively, are poor. Additionally, the overall educational and video quality, as assessed by the GQS, was intermediate. Clinical Relevance It is important to understand the quality of information patients receive on YouTube so providers can guide patients to greater-quality sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varag Abed
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A
| | - Breanna M. Sullivan
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A
| | - Matthew Skinner
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A
| | - Gregory S. Hawk
- Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A
| | - Camille Khalily
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A
| | - Caitlin Conley
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A
| | - Austin V. Stone
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A
- Address correspondence to Austin V. Stone, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, 2195 Harrodsburg Rd., Lexington, KY 40504.
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Abed V, Ray M, Smathers J, Stone AV. Assessment of Video Quality and Reliability of YouTube Videos Regarding Meniscus Tear Rehabilitation. Cureus 2023; 15:e36299. [PMID: 37077591 PMCID: PMC10108887 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION YouTube is an open-source platform where creators can record and upload videos for others to see. As the popularity of YouTube increases, it is being increasingly used for healthcare-related information. However, with the relative ease of uploading videos, the content quality of individual videos is not regulated. This study aimed to assess and analyze the content quality of YouTube videos concerning meniscus tear rehabilitation. We hypothesized that most videos would be of low quality. METHODS The keywords "meniscus tear treatment," "meniscus tear recovery," "meniscus tear physical therapy," and "meniscus tear rehabilitation" were used for searching videos on YouTube. A total of 50 videos was analyzed in this study that related to meniscal rehabilitation, grouped into one of four categories: non-physician professionals (physical therapists and chiropractors) (n=28), physicians (with or without academic affiliation) (n=5), non-academic healthcare-related websites (n=10), and non-professional individuals (n=7). Videos were then assessed by two independent authors using three scoring systems, which included the Global Quality Scale (GQS), modified DISCERN, and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) scores. The number of likes, comments, video length, and views were collected for each video. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare quality scores and video analytics. RESULTS The overall median GQS, modified DISCERN, and JAMA scores were 3 (interquartile range (IQR): 2-3), 2 (IQR: 2-2), and 2 (IQR: 2-2), respectively. Sorted by GQS scores, 20 videos were of low quality (40%), 21 were intermediate (42%), and nine were of high quality (18%). Non-physician professionals produced 56% (28 of 50) of the videos assessed, with physical therapists constituting 86% (24 of 28) of this category. The median duration of each video was 6:54 (IQR: 3:59-10:50) minutes, views was 42,262 (IQR: 12,373-306,491), and likes was 877 (IQR: 239-4,850). Kruskal-Wallis testing showed a significant difference between JAMA scores, likes, and video length duration between video categories (p<0.028). CONCLUSION The overall median reliability of YouTube videos on meniscus tear rehabilitation measured by JAMA and modified DISCERN scores was low. The overall median video quality, as assessed by GQS scores, was intermediate. Video quality was highly variable, with fewer than 20% meeting high-quality standards. As a result, patients are often viewing lower quality videos when researching their condition online.
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Hodakowski AJ, McCormick JR, Damodar D, Cohn MR, Carey KD, Verma NN, Nicholson G, Garrigues GE. Rotator cuff repair: what questions are patients asking online and where are they getting their answers? Clin Shoulder Elb 2023; 26:25-31. [PMID: 36919504 PMCID: PMC10030981 DOI: 10.5397/cise.2022.01235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analyzed questions searched by rotator cuff patients and determined types and quality of websites providing information. METHODS Three strings related to rotator cuff repair were explored by Google Search. Result pages were collected under the "People also ask" function for frequent questions and associated webpages. Questions were categorized using Rothwell classification and topical subcategorization. Webpages were evaluated by Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria for source quality. RESULTS One hundred twenty "People also ask" questions were collected with associated webpages. Using the Rothwell classification of questions, queries were organized into fact (41.7%), value (31.7%), and policy (26.7%). The most common webpage categories were academic (28.3%) and medical practice (27.5%). The most common question subcategories were timeline of recovery (21.7%), indications/ management (21.7%), and pain (18.3%). Average JAMA score for all 120 webpages was 1.50. Journal articles had the highest average JAMA score (3.77), while commercial websites had the lowest JAMA score (0.91). The most commonly suggested question for rotator cuff repair/ surgery was, "Is rotator cuff surgery worth having?," while the most commonly suggested question for rotator cuff repair pain was, "What happens if a rotator cuff is not repaired?" CONCLUSIONS The most commonly asked questions pertaining to rotator cuff repair evaluate management options and relate to timeline of recovery and pain management. Most information is provided by medical practice, academic, and medical information websites, which have highly variable reliability. By understanding questions their patients search online, surgeons can tailor preoperative education to patient concerns and improve postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dhanur Damodar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew R Cohn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyle D Carey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nikhil N Verma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gregory Nicholson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grant E Garrigues
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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McCormick JR, Kruchten MC, Mehta N, Damodar D, Horner NS, Carey KD, Nicholson GP, Verma NN, Garrigues GE. Internet search analytics for shoulder arthroplasty: what questions are patients asking? Clin Shoulder Elb 2023; 26:55-63. [PMID: 36919508 PMCID: PMC10030990 DOI: 10.5397/cise.2022.01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common questions about shoulder arthroplasty (SA) searched online by patients and the quality of this content are unknown. The purpose of this study is to uncover questions SA patients search online and determine types and quality of webpages encountered. METHODS The "People also ask" section of Google Search was queried to return 900 questions and associated webpages for general, anatomic, and reverse SA. Questions and webpages were categorized using the Rothwell classification of questions and assessed for quality using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria. RESULTS According to Rothwell classification, the composition of questions was fact (54.0%), value (24.7%), and policy (21.3%). The most common webpage categories were medical practice (24.6%), academic (23.2%), and medical information sites (14.4%). Journal articles represented 8.9% of results. The average JAMA score for all webpages was 1.69. Journals had the highest average JAMA score (3.91), while medical practice sites had the lowest (0.89). The most common question was, "How long does it take to recover from shoulder replacement?" CONCLUSIONS The most common questions SA patients ask online involve specific postoperative activities and the timeline of recovery. Most information is from low-quality, non-peer-reviewed websites, highlighting the need for improvement in online resources. By understanding the questions patients are asking online, surgeons can tailor preoperative education to common patient concerns and improve postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew C Kruchten
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nabil Mehta
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dhanur Damodar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nolan S Horner
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyle D Carey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gregory P Nicholson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nikhil N Verma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grant E Garrigues
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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McCormick JR, Kerzner B, Tuthill TA, Khan ZA, Hodakowski AJ, Damodar D, Fortier LM, Dasari SP, Nho SJ, Chahla J. Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Obtain Information From Low-Quality Sources Online and Are Most Interested in Conservative Treatment and Expected Recovery. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2022; 5:e21-e27. [PMID: 36866316 PMCID: PMC9971908 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the type of questions patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) are searching online and determine the type and quality of the online sources from the top results to each query by the "people also ask" Google algorithm. Methods Three search strings pertaining to FAI were carried out through Google. The webpage information was manually collected from the "People also ask" Google algorithm. Questions were categorized using Rothwell's classification method. Each website was assessed using Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Criteria for source quality. Results A total of 286 unique questions were collected with their associated webpages. The most common questions included: "How do you treat femoroacetabular impingement and labral tears without surgery?" "What is the recovery process after hip arthroscopy and are there limitations after surgery?" and "How do you diagnose hip impingement and differentiate from other causes of hip pain?" The Rothwell Classification of questions were fact (43.4%), policy (34.3%), and value (20.6%). The most common webpage categories were Medical Practice (30.4%), Academic (25.8%), and Commercial (20.6%). The most common subcategories were Indications/Management (29.7%) and Pain (13.6%). Government websites had the highest average Journal of the American Medical Association score (3.42), whereas Single Surgeon Practice websites had the lowest (1.35). Conclusions: Commonly asked questions on Google regarding FAI and labral tears pertain to the indications and management of pathology as well as pain control and restrictions in activity. The majority of information is provided by medical practice, academic, and commercial sources, which have highly variable academic transparency. Clinical Relevance By better understanding which questions patients ask online, surgeons can personalize patient education and enhance patient satisfaction and treatment outcomes after hip arthroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathon R. McCormick
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Benjamin Kerzner
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Trevor A. Tuthill
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Zeeshan A. Khan
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Alexander J. Hodakowski
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Dhanur Damodar
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Luc M. Fortier
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Suhas P. Dasari
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Shane J. Nho
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Jorge Chahla
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
- Address correspondence to Jorge Chahla, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison St., Suite 300, Chicago, IL 60612.
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Suhail A, Quais S. Content analysis of the online information available about back pain. BULLETIN OF FACULTY OF PHYSICAL THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43161-022-00081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Low back pain (LBP) is growing health concern that affects millions of people around the globe, and there are many misconceptions regarding causes, imaging, and appropriate treatment choices. Common people usually search Google seeking information regarding LBP from different websites. However, the content of these widely accessible websites have not be evaluated in the light of evidence. The present study aims to analyze the information presented by these websites, summarize the content, and evaluate it against the published literature.
Methods
We conducted a systematic search of Google using search terms “low back pain,” “back pain,” “backache. NVivo software was used to capture the content from the internet. Content analysis (CA) was used to analyze online consumer information concerning LBP on the included websites.
Results
A total of 53 websites were included in the study by screening the search pages. There were erroneous information present on majority of the websites. Almost all of the websites consisted of nocebic terms. The causes were more oriented towards biomedical model. Treatment options mentioned did not concur with the recent clinical practice guidelines.
Conclusion
The Online information retrieved from a Google search lacks representation of the current best research. The findings of the study suggest that future development of websites must include information that is more accurate, and evidence driven. Online LBP information should be based on criteria that are more sensitive to the psychosocial factors that contribute to pain.
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Sullivan B, Platt B, Joiner J, Jacobs C, Conley C, Landy DC, Stone AV. An Investigation of Google Searches for Knee Osteoarthritis and Stem Cell Therapy: What are Patients Searching Online? HSS J 2022; 18:485-489. [PMID: 36263281 PMCID: PMC9527551 DOI: 10.1177/15563316221089930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Stem cell therapies have emerged as a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), but their role remains controversial. Their growing popularity may lead patients to search for information online, but search queries and sources are unknown. Purpose We sought to (1) identify the most frequently asked questions on Google related to knee OA and stem cell therapy, (2) assess the types of websites accessed through these searches, and (3) evaluate the transparency of these websites. Methods The search terms "knee," "osteoarthritis," and "stem cell" were entered into Google. Frequently asked questions suggested by Google, and their corresponding websites were extracted. Questions and websites were classified by type. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria were used as a measure of website transparency (range: 0-4). Analysis of variance tests were performed to compare JAMA benchmark criteria between website types. Results Of the 145 questions and website extracted, the most common question subtype pertained to non-stem cell treatments (41.4%) for knee OA; the most common website types were medical publishers (24.8%) and nonacademic medical practices (22.8%). JAMA scores were highest for medical publishers (mean: 3.81) and lowest for nonacademic medical practices (mean: 1.55). Nonacademic medical practices had significantly worse JAMA scores compared with commercial, academic, and medical publishers. Conclusion The most frequent questions pertained to non-stem cell treatments, although questions related to stem cell efficacy were most common among the 10 most frequent questions. Google searches on knee OA and stem cell therapies often directed the user to websites lacking transparency and verifiable information. Further research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna Sullivan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Brooks Platt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Josh Joiner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Cale Jacobs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Caitlin Conley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - David C. Landy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Austin V. Stone
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Sullivan B, Abed V, Joiner J, Benningfield M, Landy D, Hawk GS, Conley C, Jacobs C, Stone AV. The Quality of Online Information for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Google Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e29995. [PMID: 36381839 PMCID: PMC9636897 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Affecting more than 30 million adults annually, osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the United States. A variety of management options for knee OA exists, including physical therapy, weight loss, intra-articular corticosteroid injections, and total joint arthroplasty. With many treatments available, patients often utilize the internet to educate themselves about their condition and management options. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality, transparency, and readability of online information for the treatment of knee OA. Methods The search terms “knee,” “arthritis,” and “treatment” were entered into an incognito mode Google browser. Websites were classified by type (commercial, academic, nonacademic medical practice, government/patient advocacy, and other) and graded on content quality, transparency, and readability using the following scores, respectively: modified DISCERN, Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark, and Flesch-Kincaid (FK) grade level. Results Of the 95 websites evaluated, commercial (mean, 38.2) and academic (37.3) sites had the highest total DISCERN scores, which were significantly greater than nonacademic medical practice (31.8) and government/patient advocacy sites (33.4) (p≤0.035). Nonacademic medical practice sites had the lowest mean total DISCERN (31.8) and JAMA (1.47) scores and the highest FK grade level readability (9.5). There was a significant positive correlation between mean total DISCERN and JAMA scores (r=0.46, p<0.001). Conclusion The mean overall quality of websites regarding the treatment of OA was good as evidenced by greater modified DISCERN scores. However, website quality ranged from poor to excellent, indicating that some websites are still missing key information patients may find useful when assessing treatment options online.
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Suhail A, Poulter DC. Where do people acquire their beliefs about low back pain? INT J OSTEOPATH MED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijosm.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gusho CA, Patel V, Lee L, Blank AT. What factors are important to new patients when selecting an orthopedic oncologist? World J Orthop 2022; 13:472-480. [PMID: 35633746 PMCID: PMC9125000 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v13.i5.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how patients choose a provider may improve the overall experience by identifying ways to tailor a clinical practice.
AIM To identify factors that patients consider important when choosing an orthopedic oncologist.
METHODS New patients presenting to an orthopedic oncology clinic within a tertiary academic medical center from January 2019 to August 2020 were invited to complete an anonymous survey. The questionnaire consisted of 27 items including a Likert-type assessment of the importance of selection factors.
RESULTS A total of 101 new patients with a median age of 66 years (range, 14 years to 91 years) responded. Most were referred by another doctor (n = 63, 62.4%), and of the referring providers, the most frequent specialty was orthopedic surgery (n = 32, 51%). Using a Likert-type scale with 1 representing ‘least important’ and 5 representing ‘most important’, the most important factor was the hospital reputation (mean, 4.65; SD, 0.85). Additional factors of importance were the number of years in practice (3.87 ± 1.3) and a primary care provider referral (3.71 ± 1.6). Patients younger than 40 years old found social media (P = 0.016) and internet presence (P = 0.035) of their surgeon to be more important than older patients. In contrast, older patients considered care within an academic center to be of greater importance than younger patients (P = 0.014).
CONCLUSION This investigation suggests a primary care referral, as well as hospital and physician reputation, are among the most important factors when selecting an orthopedic oncologist. Furthermore, social media utilization appears to be more important for younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A Gusho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Vishal Patel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Linus Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Alan T Blank
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
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Michel CR, Dijanic C, Sudah S, Kerrigan D, Cohen J. Has Public Interest in Elective Spine Surgery Returned to Pre-COVID 19 Levels? A Google Trends Analysis. Cureus 2022; 14:e22858. [PMID: 35392447 PMCID: PMC8977504 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Tang JE, Arvind V, White CA, Dominy C, Kim JS, Cho SK. What are patients saying about you online? A sentiment analysis of online written reviews on Scoliosis Research Society surgeons. Spine Deform 2022; 10:301-306. [PMID: 34599750 DOI: 10.1007/s43390-021-00419-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physician review websites have significant influence on a patient's selection of a provider, but written reviews are subjective. Sentiment analysis of writing through artificial intelligence can quantify surgeon reviews to provide actionable feedback. The objective of this study is to quantitatively analyze the written reviews of members of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) through sentiment analysis. METHODS Online written reviews and star-rating reviews of SRS surgeons were obtained from healthgrades.com, and a sentiment analysis package was used to obtain compound scores of each physician's reviews. A t test and ANOVA was performed to determine the relationship between demographic variables and average sentiment score of written reviews. Positive and negative word and word-pair frequency analysis was performed to provide context to words used to describe surgeons. RESULTS Seven hundred and twenty-one SRS surgeon's reviews were analyzed. Analysis showed a positive correlation between the sentiment scores and overall average star-rated reviews (r2 = 0.5, p < 0.01). There was no difference in review sentiment by provider gender. However, the age of surgeons showed a significant difference as younger surgeons, on average, had more positive reviews (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The most frequently used word pairs used to describe top-rated surgeons describe compassionate providers and efficiency in pain management. Conversely, those with the worst reviews are characterized as unable to relieve pain. Through quantitative analysis of physician reviews, pain is a clear factor contributing to both positive and negative reviews of surgeons, reinforcing the need to properly manage pain expectations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin E Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mount Sinai West, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 425 West 59th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Varun Arvind
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mount Sinai West, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 425 West 59th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Christopher A White
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mount Sinai West, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 425 West 59th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Calista Dominy
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mount Sinai West, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 425 West 59th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Jun S Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mount Sinai West, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 425 West 59th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Samuel K Cho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mount Sinai West, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 425 West 59th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA.
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Hautala GS, Comadoll SM, Raffetto ML, Ducas GW, Jacobs CA, Aneja A, Matuszewski PE. Most orthopaedic trauma patients are using the internet, but do you know where they're going? Injury 2021; 52:3299-3303. [PMID: 33653619 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Internet is a resource that patients can use to learn about their injuries, treatment options, and surgeon. Previously, it was demonstrated that orthopaedic trauma patients are unlikely to use a reliable, provided source. It is unknown however, if patients are seeking information from elsewhere. The purpose of this study was to determine if orthopaedic trauma patients utilize the Internet and what websites are utilized. Our hypothesis was that the majority of patients use the Internet and when they do, are unlikely to use a reliable source. METHODS Orthopaedic trauma patients were surveyed in clinic at a Level I trauma center in the United States. The survey queried demographics, injury information, Internet access, and eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS). Data were analyzed using t-tests, Chi-squared tests, and a multivariate logistic regression, as appropriate. RESULTS 138 patients with a mean age of 47.1 years (95% confidence interval: 44.0-50.3; 51.1% female) were included in the analysis. Despite 94.1% reporting access, only 55.8% of trauma patients used the Internet for information about their injury. Of those, 64.5% used at least one unreliable source. WebMD (54.8%) was the highest utilized website. Age, sex, employment, and greater eHEALS score were associated with increased Internet use (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The Internet has potential to be a useful, low cost, and readily available informational source for orthopaedic trauma patients. This study illustrates that a majority of patients seek information from the Internet after their injury, including unreliable websites like Wikipedia and Facebook. Our study emphasizes the need for active referral to trusted websites and initiation of organizational partnerships (e.g. OTA/AAOS) with common content providers (e.g. WebMD) to provide patients with accurate information about their injury and treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic, Level II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin S Hautala
- University of Kentucky, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, United States
| | - Shea M Comadoll
- University of Minnesota, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, United States
| | - Michael L Raffetto
- University of Kentucky, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, United States
| | - G Wells Ducas
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, United States
| | - Cale A Jacobs
- University of Kentucky, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, United States
| | - Arun Aneja
- University of Kentucky, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, United States
| | - Paul E Matuszewski
- University of Kentucky, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, United States.
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Jildeh TR, Abbas MJ, Abbas L, Washington KJ, Okoroha KR. YouTube Is a Poor-Quality Source for Patient Information on Rehabilitation and Return to Sports After Hip Arthroscopy. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2021; 3:e1055-e1063. [PMID: 34430885 PMCID: PMC8365195 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the information quality on YouTube regarding rehabilitation and return to sport (RTS) after hip arthroscopy. Methods By use of private browsing and predefined search terms, 217 unique videos regarding RTS and rehabilitation after hip arthroscopy were included and systematically reviewed. A total of 164 videos were included in the final analysis. Videos were scored using 4 scoring systems: (1) Journal of the American Medical Association benchmark criteria, (2) the Global Quality Score, (3) a score for RTS after hip arthroscopy, and (4) a score for rehabilitation after hip arthroscopy. Results A large majority of the included videos provided substandard information quality, dependability, and precision. RTS videos that were uploaded by physicians had a significantly higher Journal of the American Medical Association score, Global Quality Score, and RTS score compared with commercial and personal testimony videos (P = .0003, P = .0021, and P = .0005, respectively). Physician videos pertaining to RTS were also significantly longer than videos in other categories (P = .0397). Conclusions The quality and reliability of video content on YouTube pertaining to rehabilitation and RTS after hip arthroscopy are generally poor. The educational content of YouTube videos produced by physicians is of significantly higher quality as compared with non-physicians, patient testimonials, and commercials. Clinical Relevance The quality of the information patients receive on rehabilitation and RTS after hip arthroscopy is important for successful outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toufic R Jildeh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Muhammad J Abbas
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Leena Abbas
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | | | - Kelechi R Okoroha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A
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Robertson A, Birch M, Harris IA, Buchbinder R, Ferreira G, O'Keeffe M, Maher CG, Zadro JR. Online Information About the Effectiveness of Shoulder Surgery Is Not Based on the Best Available Evidence: A Content Analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 102:2141-2149.e2. [PMID: 34129832 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the proportion of consumer webpages on subacromial decompression and rotator cuff repair surgery that make an accurate portrayal of the evidence for these operations (primary outcome), mention the benefits and harms of surgery, outline alternatives to surgery, and make various surgical recommendations. DESIGN Content analysis. SETTING Online consumer information about subacromial decompression and rotator cuff repair surgery. Webpages were identified through (1) Google searches using terms synonymous with "shoulder pain" and "shoulder surgery" and searching "orthopedic surgeon" linked to each Australian capital city and (2) websites of relevant professional associations (eg, Australian Orthopaedic Association). Two reviewers independently identified webpages and extracted data. PARTICIPANTS Not applicable. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Whether the webpage made an accurate portrayal of the evidence for subacromial decompression or rotator cuff repair surgery (primary outcome), mentioned benefits and harms of surgery, outlined alternatives to surgery, and made various surgical recommendations (eg, delay surgery). Outcome data were summarized using counts and percentages. RESULTS A total of 155 webpages were analyzed (n=89 on subacromial decompression, n=90 on rotator cuff repair, n=24 on both). Only 18% (n=16) and 4% (n=4) of webpages made an accurate portrayal of the evidence for subacromial decompression and rotator cuff repair surgery, respectively. For subacromial decompression and rotator cuff repair, respectively, 85% (n=76) and 80% (n=72) of webpages mentioned benefits, 38% (n=34) and 47% (n=42) mentioned harms, 94% (n=84) and 92% (n=83) provided alternatives to surgery, and 63% (n=56) and 62% (n=56) recommended delayed surgery (the most common recommendation). CONCLUSIONS Most online information about subacromial decompression and rotator cuff repair surgery does not accurately portray the best available evidence for surgery and may be inadequate to inform patient decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Robertson
- Notre Dame School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Birch
- Clinical Governance Unit, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian A Harris
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachelle Buchbinder
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
| | - Giovanni Ferreira
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mary O'Keeffe
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Christopher G Maher
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joshua R Zadro
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Londhe SB, Shah RV, Agrawal PO, Toor RJ, Londhe SS, Parkhe M. The influence of the internet on the patients' choice of surgeon for their total knee replacement surgery. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021; 17:186-190. [PMID: 33868916 PMCID: PMC8044677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the influence of the internet on the patient's choice about Total Knee Replacement surgery and about their choice of surgeon for their Total Knee Replacement procedure. SIGNIFICANCE Insight into patient's decision making will help the surgeon to increase his/her visibility and also will help in providing true and reliable information about the patient's ailment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 200 patients who were operated by a single surgeon. They were given a questionnaire which had various questions regarding their name, age, sex, date of operation. It also had leading questions like did you or your relative searched the net about the operation and the operating surgeon? The information was collected by self filled questionnaire form. RESULTS There were 166 females and 34 males. 70% of to be operated patients or their relatives searched the net before undergoing the Total knee replacement. Also 36% of patient relatives (mainly son or daughter) searched the surgeon on the net before finalizing the operation. 10% of patients searched the operating surgeon on the internet. 15% of patients or their relatives chose the operating surgeon based on their net search. CONCLUSION Our study shows that a sizable number of decision makers (patients and their children) search the information about the operation and about their operating surgeon. Hence it is recommended that the surgeon should have an information portal to increase his/her visibility, patient reach and imparting proper information to the prospective patients regarding the operative procedure.
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Crowd-sourced hospital ratings are correlated with patient satisfaction but not surgical safety. Surgery 2021; 170:764-768. [PMID: 34024472 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital reviews posted online by patients are unsolicited and less structured than Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems surveys. The differences between online review platforms and their degrees of correlation with validated satisfaction and safety measures are unknown. METHODS We identified 515 large acute care teaching hospitals in the United States. We collected patient satisfaction results and postsurgical patient safety indicators from Hospital Compare. We also collected hospital star ratings (1-5) from Facebook, Google, and Yelp. Mean ratings were compared with paired t tests. Concordance between ratings websites, Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems scores, and surgical safety indicators were assessed with Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS Mean Facebook ratings (3.81, interquartile range 3.5-4.3) were more favorable than Google (3.26, interquartile range 2.8-3.6) or Yelp (2.59, interquartile range 2.3-2.9). Facebook ratings were least strongly correlated with the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems recommended hospital score (ρ = 0.356). Google was modestly correlated (ρ = 0.479), and Yelp was most strongly correlated (ρ = 0.500). The negative correlation between crowdsourced rating and composite safety indicator was too small to be meaningful on any platform. CONCLUSION There is variation between platforms in consumer ratings of hospitals. Ratings on Facebook are more favorable than Google or Yelp. These are independently correlated with Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems scores. These findings suggest that unstructured consumer reviews generally reflect similar directionality as Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems satisfaction scores. Users should be aware of the significant difference between platforms. Consumer ratings platforms are not consistently correlated with postsurgical patient safety indicators, so online ratings may not reflect the safety of surgical care received.
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Davaris MT, Bunzli S, Dowsey MM, Choong PF. Gamifying health literacy: how can digital technology optimize patient outcomes in surgery? ANZ J Surg 2021; 91:2008-2013. [PMID: 33825300 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The digital age is entrenched in our society, with constant innovation driving change in the way clinicians and patients manage their health concerns. Health literacy is emerging as an important modifiable factor that can affect clinical and patient outcomes, yet traditional forms of patient education have shown mixed results. Digital media and technologies, the concept of gamification as a means to improve patient health literacy, and its potential for misuse will be explored in this review, in the context of a digital, gamified tool that could support patients along their surgical journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myles T Davaris
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samantha Bunzli
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle M Dowsey
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter F Choong
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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Quality and Content of Internet-Based Information for Osteoporosis and Fragility Fracture Diagnoses. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS GLOBAL RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2021; 5:01979360-202102000-00007. [PMID: 33591128 PMCID: PMC7886427 DOI: 10.5435/jaaosglobal-d-20-00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to assess the quality and content of websites addressing orthopaedic conditions affecting older adults, emphasizing osteoporosis and fragility fracture. METHODS Ten diagnoses were chosen. The transparency of information was assessed via the Health On the Net (HON) score; information content was assessed via diagnosis-specific grading templates. A total of 140 websites (14 per diagnosis) were reviewed by three raters. HON scores and information quality were compared by diagnosis, website type, and website source. The correlation between HON score and information quality score was calculated. RESULTS Most websites were commercial (59.3%). Cronbach alpha for Hall scores exceeded the a priori threshold of 0.7. Analysis proceeded using averages across raters. HON score was significantly associated with higher content scores (r = 0.56; P < 0.0001). Content scores ranged from 21.1 to 59.4. Content scores differed significantly by diagnosis (P = 0.0008) and website source (P < 0.0001). DISCUSSION The quality and content of websites is highly variable for osteoporosis and fragility fracture diagnoses. Patients should be encouraged to access reputable sites, including sites displaying a HON seal. Academic and medical specialty societies demonstrate opportunity for improvement of their own websites and might be able to lead efforts to increase accessibility of high-quality content.
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Springer B, Bechler U, Koller U, Windhager R, Waldstein W. Online Videos Provide Poor Information Quality, Reliability, and Accuracy Regarding Rehabilitation and Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Arthroscopy 2020; 36:3037-3047. [PMID: 32679296 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the information quality available on YouTube regarding rehabilitation and return to sport (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). METHODS By use of The Onion Router software and predefined search terms, 140 YouTube videos regarding rehabilitation and RTS after ACLR were systematically included. Three scoring systems were used to analyze the included videos: (1) Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria; (2) Global Quality Score (GQS); and (3) self-developed scores for rehabilitation after ACLR and RTS after ACLR, following American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons guidelines and current evidence. RESULTS The vast majority of the included videos offered poor information quality, reliability, and accuracy. Videos that were uploaded by medically trained professionals showed significantly higher information quality regarding rehabilitation (P = .006 for JAMA score, P < .001 for GQS, and P = .001 for rehabilitation score) and regarding RTS (P < .001 for JAMA score, P < .001 for GQS, and P < .001 for RTS score) compared with commercial videos or personal-testimony videos. Multivariate linear regression also revealed medically trained professionals as significant predictors of higher information quality regarding rehabilitation (β = 0.496 [P < .001] for JAMA score, β = 1.3 [P < .001] for GQS, and β = 3.7 [P < .001] for rehabilitation score) and RTS (β = 0.754 [P < .001] for JAMA score, β = 1.3 [P < .001] for GQS, and β = 5.3 [P < .001] for RTS score). CONCLUSIONS The average information quality, reliability, and accuracy of YouTube videos regarding rehabilitation and RTS after ACLR are poor. The information quality of related YouTube videos from medically trained professionals is significantly higher compared with commercial videos or personal-testimony videos. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Current YouTube videos regarding rehabilitation and RTS after ACLR do not meet the necessary quality standards. Physicians should also be able to provide alternative sources of high-quality information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Springer
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Bechler
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Koller
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Windhager
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wenzel Waldstein
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Shen TS, Chen AZ, Bovonratwet P, Shen CL, Su EP. COVID-19-Related Internet Search Patterns Among People in the United States: Exploratory Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e22407. [PMID: 33147163 PMCID: PMC7685696 DOI: 10.2196/22407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The internet is a well-known source of information that patients use to better inform their opinions and to guide their conversations with physicians during clinic visits. The novelty of the recent COVID-19 outbreak has led patients to turn more frequently to the internet to gather more information and to alleviate their concerns about the virus. Objective The aims of the study were to (1) determine the most commonly searched phrases related to COVID-19 in the United States and (2) identify the sources of information for these web searches. Methods Search terms related to COVID-19 were entered into Google. Questions and websites from Google web search were extracted to a database using customized software. Each question was categorized into one of 6 topics: clinical signs and symptoms, treatment, transmission, cleaning methods, activity modification, and policy. Additionally, the websites were categorized according to source: World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), non-CDC government, academic, news, and other media. Results In total, 200 questions and websites were extracted. The most common question topic was transmission (n=63, 31.5%), followed by clinical signs and symptoms (n=54, 27.0%) and activity modification (n=31, 15.5%). Notably, the clinical signs and symptoms category captured questions about myths associated with the disease, such as whether consuming alcohol stops the coronavirus. The most common websites provided were maintained by the CDC, the WHO, and academic medical organizations. Collectively, these three sources accounted for 84.0% (n=168) of the websites in our sample. Conclusions In the United States, the most commonly searched topics related to COVID-19 were transmission, clinical signs and symptoms, and activity modification. Reassuringly, a sizable majority of internet sources provided were from major health organizations or from academic medical institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony S Shen
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aaron Z Chen
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Carol L Shen
- NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Edwin P Su
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States
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Shen TS, Driscoll DA, Islam W, Bovonratwet P, Haas SB, Su EP. Modern Internet Search Analytics and Total Joint Arthroplasty: What Are Patients Asking and Reading Online? J Arthroplasty 2020; 36:1224-1231. [PMID: 33162279 PMCID: PMC7573653 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients considering total joint arthroplasty often search for information online regarding surgery; however, little is known about the specific topics that patients search for and the nature of the information provided. Google compiles frequently asked questions associated with a search term using machine learning and natural language processing. Links to individual websites are provided to answer each question. Analysis of this data may help improve understanding of patient concerns and inform more effective counseling. METHODS Search terms were entered into Google for total hip and total knee arthroplasty. Frequently asked questions and associated websites were extracted to a database using customized software. Questions were categorized by topic; websites were categorized by type. JAMA Benchmark Criteria were used to assess website quality. Pearson's chi-squared and Student's t-tests were performed as appropriate. RESULTS A total of 620 questions (305 total knee arthroplasties, 315 total hip arthroplasties) were extracted with 602 associated websites. The most popular question topics were Specific Activities (23.5%), Indications/Management (15.6%), and Restrictions (13.4%). Questions related to Pain were more common in the TKA group (23.0% vs 2.5%, P < .001) compared to THA. The most common website types were Academic (31.1%), Commercial (29.2%), and Social Media (17.1%). JAMA scores (0-4) were highest for Government websites (mean 3.92, P = .005). CONCLUSION The most frequently asked questions on Google related to total joint arthroplasty are related to arthritis management, rehabilitation, and ability to perform specific tasks. A sizable proportion of health information provided originate from non-academic, non-government sources (64.4%), with 17.1% from social media websites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony S. Shen
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY,Reprint requests: Tony S. Shen, MD, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021
| | - Daniel A. Driscoll
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Wasif Islam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Patawut Bovonratwet
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Steven B. Haas
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Edwin P. Su
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
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Computer- and Telephone-Delivered Interventions on Patient Outcomes and Resource Utilization in Patients With Orthopaedic Conditions: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis. Orthop Nurs 2020; 39:340-352. [PMID: 32956277 DOI: 10.1097/nor.0000000000000699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the number of patients with orthopaedic conditions has risen continuously, hospital-based healthcare resources have become limited. Delivery of additional services is needed to adapt to this trend. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to describe the current literature of computer- and telephone-delivered interventions on patient outcomes and resource utilization in patients with orthopaedic conditions. METHODS The systematic review was conducted in January 2019. The standardized checklist for randomized controlled trials was used to assess the quality of the relevant studies. A meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity in the included studies, and a narrative synthesis was conducted to draw informative conclusions relevant to current research, policy, and practice. RESULTS A total of 1,173 articles were retrieved. Six randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria, providing evidence from 434 individuals across four countries. Two studies reported findings of computer-delivered interventions and four reported findings of telephone-delivered interventions. The patients who received both computer- and telephone-delivered interventions showed improvements in patient outcomes that were similar or better to those of patients receiving conventional care. This was without any increase in adverse events or costs. CONCLUSION Computer- and telephone-delivered interventions are promising and safe alternatives to conventional care. This review, however, identifies a gap in evidence of high-quality studies exploring the effects of computer- and telephone-delivered interventions on patient outcomes and resource utilization. In future, these interventions should be evaluated from the perspective of intervention content, self-management, and patient empowerment. In addition, they should consider the whole care journey and the development of the newest technological innovations. Additionally, future surgery studies should take into account the personalized needs of special, high-risk patient groups and focus on patient-centric care to reduce postdischarge health problems and resource utilization in this population.
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Masters K, Loda T, Al-Abri R, Johannink J, Herrmann-Werner A. Surgical patients' use of, and attitudes towards, the internet for e-patient activities in Germany and Oman. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2020; 55:287-293. [PMID: 32551100 PMCID: PMC7287187 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction E-patient activities are known to impact upon the patient-doctor relationship and on surgical outcomes. In Oman, there is no published information about the e-patient. The aim of this study, conducted at two surgical sites, was to investigate surgical e-patients’ use of, and attitudes towards, the Internet, and the possible impact on the delivery of healthcare. Materials and methods A convenience sample of 83 German and 93 Omani patients at the two surgical sites were given an in-house paper-based questionnaire, based on e-patient activities described in the literature. Descriptive statistics like means, standard deviations and frequencies were calculated. Results There were many similarities in usage and attitudes. Omani patients showed much greater knowledge and usage of sites and apps, used the Internet more for health-related activities (26.9% vs. 12.0%), and had a greater proportion of their physician encounters through email (10.0% vs. 4.0%) and social media (15.2% vs. 1.8%). More Omani patients brought information from the Internet than German patients (13.5% vs. 6.0%). Patients from both countries were generally positive about bringing material from the Internet to the consultation. Discussion and conclusion Both sites indicated typical e-patient activity and attitudes as described in the literature. Age and type of condition (chronic vs. acute) may explain the differences to some extent, but this was not consistent. Socio-cultural differences between the two countries may have a great influence on the usage.
Although both sites indicated typical e-patient activity and attitudes, the Omanis had greater use than the Germans. This was evident in overall Internet use for health-related activities and for social media interaction with their surgeons. All were positive about bringing Internet material to consultations, potentially impacting on doctor-patient relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Masters
- Medical Education and Informatics Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
| | - Teresa Loda
- Medical Department VI/Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Corresponding author. Department of Psychosomatic medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstr. 5, D-72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Rashid Al-Abri
- Medical Education and Informatics Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
| | - Jonas Johannink
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne Herrmann-Werner
- Medical Department VI/Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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