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Chou TFA, Wright A, Abbasi P, Douoguih WA. A Single Lateral Hinge Screw Increased Resistance to Varus Stress After Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy in a Synthetic Bone Model: A Biomechanical Analysis. Arthroscopy 2025:S0749-8063(25)00165-3. [PMID: 40086531 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2025.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2025] [Accepted: 03/02/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether use of a tibial screw placed across the lateral tibial hinge results in significantly greater failure load compared with no lateral screw after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO). METHODS Twelve Sawbone tibias were used for the study. A MOWHTO was performed in each specimen using a computed tomography-based patient specific correction guide, and 6 specimens received a lateral hinge screw. Cantilever varus bending load was applied to failure, and failure load, displacement at failure, and stiffness of the osteotomy before hinge failure were recorded. RESULTS Failure load was statistically higher in the hinge screw group compared to the control group, 437.0 ± 82.0 N vs 336.0 ± 55.9 N, P = .046 (mean ± standard deviation). This load to failure was 30% greater in MOWHTO using a hinge screw versus the control. CONCLUSIONS Using a Sawbone model, the current data showed that placement of a lateral hinge screw significantly increased resistance to varus stress following MOWHTO compared with a construct having no tibial screw. Additionally, no significant difference in displacement or stiffness was observed between the hinge screw and the control groups. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The current biomechanical findings suggest that the use of a laterally based proximal tibial screw can potentially reduce the risk of lateral hinge fracture and its associated morbidity after MOWHTO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Wright
- MedStar Health Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Pooyan Abbasi
- MedStar Health Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Wiemi A Douoguih
- MedStar Lafayette Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Center, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, U.S.A.; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, U.S.A..
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Choi KY, Kim MS, In Y. The Effectiveness and Safety of Tibial-Sided Osteotomy for Fibula Untethering in Lateral Close-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy: A Novel Technique with Video Illustration. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2025; 61:91. [PMID: 39859073 PMCID: PMC11766657 DOI: 10.3390/medicina61010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2024] [Revised: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/31/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Despite its advantages, lateral close-wedge high tibial osteotomy (LCWHTO) requires proximal tibiofibular joint detachment (PTFJD) or fibular shaft osteotomy for gap closing. These fibula untethering procedures are technically demanding and not free from the risk of neurovascular injuries. Our novel fibula untethering technique, tibial-sided osteotomy (TSO) near the proximal tibiofibular joint (PTFJ), aims to reduce technical demands and the risk of injury to the peroneal nerve and popliteal neurovascular structures. The purposes of this study were to introduce the TSO technique and compare the complexity and safety of TSO with those of radiographic virtual PTFJD, which is defined based on radiographic landmarks representing the traditional PTFJD technique. Materials and Methods: Between March and December 2023, 13 patients who underwent LCWHTO with TSO for fibula untethering were enrolled. All patients underwent MRI preoperatively and CT scanning postoperatively. The location of the TSO site on the postoperative CT scans was matched to preoperative MRI to measure the shortest distance to the peroneal nerve and popliteal artery. These values were compared with estimates of the distance between the PTFJ and neurovascular structures in the radiographic virtual PTFJD group. The protective effect of the popliteus muscle was evaluated by extending the osteotomy direction toward the posterior compartment of the knee. Results: The TSO procedure was straightforward and reproducible without producing incomplete gap closure during LCWHTO. On axial images, the distances between the surgical plane and the peroneal nerve or popliteal artery were significantly longer in the TSO group than in the radiographic virtual PTFJD group (both p = 0.001). On coronal and axial MRI, the popliteus muscle covered the posterior osteotomy plane in all patients undergoing TSO but did not cover the PTFJD plane in the radiographic virtual PTFJD group. Conclusions: Our novel TSO technique for fibula untethering during LCWHTO is reproducible and reduces the risk of neurovascular injury by placing the separation site more medially than in the PTFJD procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yong In
- Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (K.Y.C.); (M.S.K.)
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Stimolo D, Leggieri F, Matassi F, Barra A, Civinini R, Innocenti M. Learning curves for high tibial osteotomy using patient-specific instrumentation: a case control study. Innov Surg Sci 2024; 9:123-131. [PMID: 39309194 PMCID: PMC11415941 DOI: 10.1515/iss-2024-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Three-dimensional (3D) planning and Patient Specific Instrumentation (PSI) can help the surgeon to obtain more predictable results in Medial Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy (mOW-HTO) than the conventional techniques. We compared the accuracy of the PSI and standard techniques and measured the learning curve for surgery time and number of fluoroscopic shots. Methods We included the first 12 consecutive cases of mOW-HTO performed with 3D planning and PSI cutting guides and the first 12 non-supervised mOW-HTO performed with the standard technique. We recorded surgery time and fluoroscopic time. We calculated the variation (Δ delta) between the planned target and the postoperative result for Hip Knee Ankle Angle (HKA), mechanical medial Proximal Tibia Angle (MPTA), Joint Line Convergence Angle (JLCA) and tibial slope (TS) and compared it both groups. We also recorded the complication rate. We then calculated the learning curves for surgery time, number of fluoroscopic shots, Δ from target in both groups. CUSUM analysis charts for learning curves were applied between the two groups. Results Mean surgical time and mean number of fluoroscopic shots were lower in PSI group (48.58±7.87 vs. 58.75±6.86 min; p=0.034 and 10.75±3.93 vs. 18.16±4.93 shots; p<0.001). The postoperative ΔHKA was 0.42±0.51° in PSI vs. 1.25±0.87° in conventional, p=0.005. ΔMPTA was 0.50±0.67° in PSI vs. 3.75±1.48° in conventional, p<0.001; ΔTS was 1.00±0.82° in PSI vs. 3.50±1.57° in conventional, p<0.001. ΔJLCA was 1.83±1.11° in PSI vs. 4±1.41° in conventional, p<0.001. The CUSUM analysis favoured PSI group regarding surgery time (p=0.034) and number of shots (p<0.001) with no learning curve effect for ΔHKA, ΔMPTA, ΔJLCA and ΔTS. Conclusions PSI cutting guides and 3D planning for HTO are effective in reducing the learning curves for operation time and number of fluoroscopic shots. Accuracy of the procedure has been elevated since the first cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Stimolo
- Department of Orthopaedics, AOU Careggi Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- University of Florence, School of Human Health Sciences, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Leggieri
- Department of Orthopaedics, AOU Careggi Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Matassi
- Department of Orthopaedics, AOU Careggi Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Angelo Barra
- Department of Technical Professions and Rehabilitation, AOU Careggi Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Civinini
- Department of Orthopaedics, AOU Careggi Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Innocenti
- Department of Orthopaedics, AOU Careggi Florence, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- University of Florence, School of Human Health Sciences, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
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Xu L, Kazezian Z, Pitsillides AA, Bull AMJ. A synoptic literature review of animal models for investigating the biomechanics of knee osteoarthritis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1408015. [PMID: 39132255 PMCID: PMC11311206 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1408015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disease largely driven by mechanical factors, causing significant health and economic burdens worldwide. Early detection is challenging, making animal models a key tool for studying its onset and mechanically-relevant pathogenesis. This review evaluate current use of preclinical in vivo models and progressive measurement techniques for analysing biomechanical factors in the specific context of the clinical OA phenotypes. It categorizes preclinical in vivo models into naturally occurring, genetically modified, chemically-induced, surgically-induced, and non-invasive types, linking each to clinical phenotypes like chronic pain, inflammation, and mechanical overload. Specifically, we discriminate between mechanical and biological factors, give a new explanation of the mechanical overload OA phenotype and propose that it should be further subcategorized into two subtypes, post-traumatic and chronic overloading OA. This review then summarises the representative models and tools in biomechanical studies of OA. We highlight and identify how to develop a mechanical model without inflammatory sequelae and how to induce OA without significant experimental trauma and so enable the detection of changes indicative of early-stage OA in the absence of such sequelae. We propose that the most popular post-traumatic OA biomechanical models are not representative of all types of mechanical overloading OA and, in particular, identify a deficiency of current rodent models to represent the chronic overloading OA phenotype without requiring intraarticular surgery. We therefore pinpoint well standardized and reproducible chronic overloading models that are being developed to enable the study of early OA changes in non-trauma related, slowly-progressive OA. In particular, non-invasive models (repetitive small compression loading model and exercise model) and an extra-articular surgical model (osteotomy) are attractive ways to present the chronic natural course of primary OA. Use of these models and quantitative mechanical behaviour tools such as gait analysis and non-invasive imaging techniques show great promise in understanding the mechanical aspects of the onset and progression of OA in the context of chronic knee joint overloading. Further development of these models and the advanced characterisation tools will enable better replication of the human chronic overloading OA phenotype and thus facilitate mechanically-driven clinical questions to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Blast Injury Studies, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zepur Kazezian
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Blast Injury Studies, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A. Pitsillides
- Skeletal Biology Group, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony M. J. Bull
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Blast Injury Studies, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Zou Z, Wu Z, Yuan D, Xu S, Yang L, Ye C. Intraoperative radiographic analysis and adjustment of the optimal position of plate in high tibial osteotomy. Acta Radiol 2024; 65:609-615. [PMID: 38204189 DOI: 10.1177/02841851231223661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When high tibial osteotomy is performed for genu varus deformity, it is not easy to determine the accurate placement of the plate. PURPOSE To determine a simple way to assess the position of the plate, to provide more effective mechanical support and to reduce the risk of implant rupture and vascular injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two human anatomical marks, the patellar ligament and semimembranosus, were connected and divided into four parts to identify points Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ. These points determined the areas for Tomofix placement: anterior, anterolateral, and lateral. Simulated internal fixation placed hole B of Tomofix at points Ⅰ (anterior), Ⅱ (anterolateral), and Ⅲ (lateral). We analyzed the pointing direction of the locking screws in Tomofix holes on MRI to assess potential injury risk to the popliteal neurovascular bundle. RESULTS In the X-ray: holes B and C appeared as the plate in the anterior, only hole C appeared as the plate in the anterolateral, and none of the holes appeared as the plate in the lateral. In the general view of the sawbones, the screw pointed towards the popliteal neurovascular bundle when the plate was in the anterior. CONCLUSION If a small number of holes on the plate is visible under fluoroscopy, then several lateral positions of the plate can be obtained; the direction of the screw tunnel tends to deviate from the popliteal neurovascular bundle with the posterior position of the plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Zou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering and Biomedicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Zhanyu Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering and Biomedicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Daizhu Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering and Biomedicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Shunen Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering and Biomedicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Long Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering and Biomedicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Chuan Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering and Biomedicine, Guiyang, PR China
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Takahashi T, Watanabe S, Hino M, Takeda H, Ito T. Excellent short-term results of dome-shaped high tibial osteotomy combined with all-inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Exp Orthop 2023; 10:69. [PMID: 37428298 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-023-00632-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate short-term outcomes at least 2 years after dome-shaped high tibial osteotomy (HTO) combined with all-inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL) in patients with persistent ACL insufficiency accompanied by pain due to varus deformity. METHODS The study enrolled 19 knees of 18 patients. The mean age was 58.4 ± 13.4 years and the mean postoperative follow-up period was 31.4 ± 6.6 months (24-49 months). JOA(Japanese Orthopaedic Association)-OA(osteoarthritis) score, Lysholm score, radiographic outcomes such as femoro-tibia angle (FTA) in a standing position, side-to-side difference in KT-1000 measurements were evaluated at pre op. and post operative final follow up. And arthroscopic evaluation was evaluated at the time of the HTO plate-removal procedure. RESULTS Before surgery, the mean JOA-OA score was 65.0 ± 13.5, the mean Lysholm score was 47.2 ± 16.2, the mean femoro-tibia angle (FTA) in a standing position was 183.8 ± 3.4° (range;180-190°), and the mean side-to-side difference in KT-1000 measurements was 4.1 ± 1.3 mm. After surgery, the mean JOA-OA score, Lysholm score, and side-to-side difference in KT-1000 measurements improved to 93.1 ± 6.0 (P < 0.00001), 94.2 ± 5.9 (P < 0.00001), and -0.2 ± 0.8 mm (P < 0.00001), respectively. The mean FTA decreased to 168.0 ± 3.3 (P < 0.00001), and the mean posterior tibial slope angle decreased to 5.0 ± 3.6° from 6.9 ± 2.6° preoperatively (P = 0.024). Arthroscopic evaluation during the HTO plate-removal procedure of 17 knees were performed at a mean of 16 months after the surgery. The reconstructed ACL graft in 13 knees were successful, a cyclops lesion in one knee, and looseness of the graft in three knees. CONCLUSIONS Dome-shaped HTO allows for a relatively high degree of varus correction and decreases the steep posterior tibial slope that causes excessive load on the ACL. Therefore, its use in combination with ACL reconstruction seems to be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Takahashi
- Department of Sports and Health Science, Faculty of Collaborating Regional Innovation, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-Cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Seiji Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Watanabe Hospital, Matsuyama, Ehime, 791-0054, Japan
| | - Masanori Hino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saijo Central Hospital, Saijo, Ehime, 793-0027, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Takeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saijo Central Hospital, Saijo, Ehime, 793-0027, Japan
| | - Toshio Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Saijo, Ehime, 793-0030, Japan
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Prizov AP, Nikitin AA, Lazko FL, Belyak EA, Epshtein AA, Lazko MF, Zagorodniy NV. [High tibial osteotomy with computer navigation for medial gonarthritis]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2023:20-28. [PMID: 37379402 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia202307120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study significance of computer navigation for improving clinical and radiological results of medial gonarthritis treatment compared to non-invasive methods of lower limb axis correction control. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 73 patients who were divided into 2 groups. The main group included 40 patients, the control group - 33 patients. In the main group, high tibial osteotomy was performed using computer navigation, in the control group - using non-invasive techniques. Clinical assessment was carried out according to the KSS, KOOS and VAS scales. We assessed the main reference angles of the lower limb considering X-ray data. RESULTS Both groups were characterized by postoperative improvement of clinical results according to various scales. Computer navigation provided higher accuracy in most cases. We focused on target correction of 3° valgus. CONCLUSION High tibial osteotomy with computer navigation or non-invasive techniques is an effective treatment method for medial gonarthritis. There are no significant differences in clinical results according to the KSS and KOOS scales, as well as X-ray data after correction. We found significant differences in VAS scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Prizov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Nikitin
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - F L Lazko
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Belyak
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Epshtein
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - M F Lazko
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Zagorodniy
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Gait analysis and knee joint kinematics before a and 6 month after of corrective valgus osteotomy at patients with medial knee arthritis. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2022; 46:1573-1582. [PMID: 35416482 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-022-05370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A varus deformity (VD) of the lower limbs results in greater loading of the medial compartment of the knee joint (KJ), leading to its degenerative changes and, eventually, to progressive osteoarthritis (OA) of the joint. The aim of the study was to investigate the mid-term changes in gait biomechanics and clinical symptoms in patients with VD of KJ and OA before and six months after surgical correction. METHODS The study enrolled 25 patients with medial OA of grade 2-3 according to Kellgren-Lawrence and a VD of > 3°, who underwent arthroscopic lavage and debridement of the knee joint followed by corrective osteotomy. The control group included 20 healthy adults. Clinical and biomechanical assessments were done twice: immediately prior to and six months after the surgical treatment. Biomechanical parameters of gait were recorded using an inertial sensor system. RESULTS According to our findings, there was a statistically significant post-operative increase in the knee extension amplitude by 1.4° in female patients and an insignificant extension increase in male patients. The mean postoperative KOOS score was 66.7 points (46 to 91) in the patient group, 67.1 points (54 to 91) in males, and 59.5 points (46 to 64) in females. As early as six months after a valgus osteotomy, we already observed improved biomechanics of the KJ motions compared to pre-operative data. By that time, the swing flexion amplitude of the affected KJ had increased and became symmetrical, which had not been the case before surgery. We observed a total of three changes in the KJ kinematics after surgery: increased swing flexion amplitudes in both KJs, a decreased extension amplitude in the affected KJ, and increased first flexion amplitudes in both KJs. CONCLUSION According to our study, the midterm outcomes after a valgus osteotomy showed clinical improvements based on the VAS and KOOS scores, which were however less pronounced than in similar studies with a longer assessment term after surgery. We also found a significant increase in the amplitude of joint extension, but only in females. As the function of the operated joint is concerned, valgus osteotomy restored the kinematics of walking movements to a nearly normal gait with increased first and second flexion amplitudes. The function of KJ becomes symmetric though the non-operative side. Thus, the healthy and functionally more capable side is copying the movement pattern of the affected side. Hence, the non-operative leg is functioning less efficiently than it is required by the walking pace.
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Kang BY, Lee DK, Kim HS, Wang JH. How to achieve an optimal alignment in medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy? Knee Surg Relat Res 2022; 34:3. [PMID: 35135631 PMCID: PMC8822774 DOI: 10.1186/s43019-021-00130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) is a widely used surgical treatment option for medial compartmental osteoarthritis with varus deformity. It is important that proper lower limb alignment is achieved. However, there has been no consensus about an optimal alignment in MOWHTO. Most studies suggest that achieving valgus alignment is necessary, and recent studies support slight valgus mechanical alignment of less than 3° of mechanical femorotibial angle. Overcorrection and undercorrection is not recommended for achieving good surgical outcomes. To prevent undercorrection and overcorrection in MOWHTO, the method of placing the weight-bearing line in the target range must be precise. There are several ways to place a weight-bearing line within the target range. While the most important factor for a successful MOWHTO is achieving an ideal mechanical axis correction, there are a few other factors to consider, including joint line obliquity, posterior tibial slope, ligament balancing, and patellar height. Several factors exist that lead to undercorrection and overcorrection. Preoperative amount of varus deformity, lateral hinge fracture, and fixation failure can result in undercorrection, while medial soft tissue laxity and the amount of correction angle and target point beyond hypomochlion can result in overcorrection. This study aimed to review the literature on optimal alignment in MOWHTO and report on the factors to be considered to prevent correction errors and how to achieve an optimal alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Youl Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Kyung Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ho Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JH, Ryu DJ, Lee SS, Jang SP, Park JS, Kim WJ, Kim IS, Wang JH. Does Transection of the Superficial MCL During HTO Result in Progressive Valgus Instability? Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:142-151. [PMID: 34850639 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211059162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During high tibial osteotomy (HTO), the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) is cut or released at any degree to expose the osteotomy site and achieve the targeted alignment correction according to the surgeon's preference. However, it is still unclear whether transection of sMCL increases valgus laxity. PURPOSE We aimed to assess the outcomes and safety of sMCL transection, especially focusing on iatrogenic valgus instability. STUDY DESIGN Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS Seventy-two patients (89 knees) who underwent medial open wedge HTO (MOWHTO) with transection of the sMCL between October 2013 and September 2018 were retrospectively investigated. Clinical evaluations, including the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Tegner and Lysholm scores, were performed preoperatively and at 2 years postoperatively. The radiographic parameters hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, joint line convergence angle on standing radiographs (standing JLCA), and weightbearing line (WBL) ratio were assessed preoperatively and at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively. To evaluate valgus laxity, we assessed the valgus JLCA and medial joint opening (MJO) at the aforementioned time points using valgus stress radiographs. RESULTS All clinical results at the 2-year follow-up were significantly improved compared with those obtained at the preoperative assessment (P < .001). The postoperative HKA angle significantly differed from the preoperative one, and no significant valgus progression was observed during follow-up (preoperative, 8.5°± 2.7°; 3 months, -3.5°± 2.0°; 6 months, -3.2°± 2.3°; 1 year, -3.1°± 2.3°; 2 years, -2.9°± 2.5°; P < .001) The mean WBL ratio was 62.5% ± 9.0% at 2 years postoperatively. The postoperative valgus JLCA at all follow-up points did not significantly change compared with the preoperative valgus JLCA (preoperative, -0.1°± 2.1°; 3 months, -0.2°± 2.4°; 6 months, -0.1°± 2.5°; 1 year, 0.1°± 2.5°; 2 years, 0.2°± 2.2°) The postoperative MJO at all follow-up points did not significantly change compared with the preoperative MJO (preoperative, 7.1 ± 1.7 mm; 3 months, 7.0 ± 1.7 mm; 6 months, 6.9 ± 1.9 mm; 1 year, 6.7 ± 1.8 mm; 2 years, 6.8 ± 1.8 mm). CONCLUSION Transection of the sMCL during MOWHTO does not increase valgus laxity and could yield desirable clinical and radiographic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hwan Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Ryu
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology and Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Sahn Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Pil Jang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jae Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Su Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ho Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology and Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Ajuied A, Elson DW, Dawson MJ. Osteotomy Editorial - Knee Journal. Knee 2021; 33:393-394. [PMID: 34865689 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adil Ajuied
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Fortius Clinic, London, UK
| | - David W Elson
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering Research Centre Versus Arthritis, Cardif University, UK; Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead, UK
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12
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Lee SJ, Kim JH, Choi W. Factors related to the early outcome of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy: coronal limb alignment affects more than cartilage degeneration state. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2021; 141:1339-1348. [PMID: 33502575 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-03769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to identify possible factors influencing the early outcome after medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 87 MOWHTO cases with a minimum of 2-year follow-up and second-look arthroscopic results available were enrolled. The cartilage degeneration state was evaluated by the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grading. Radiographic parameters including the hip-knee-ankle axis (HKA), medial proximal tibia angle (MPTA), posterior tibial slope, patellar height, mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), joint line convergence angle (JLCA), joint line obliquity (JLO), and weight-bearing line ratio (WBLR) were measured. The pre-operative arthritic change was evaluated by Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) classification. According to the post-operative HKA, knees were divided into three (Under/Optimal/Over-correction) subgroups. Subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores were evaluated and factors related to post-operative IKDC scores were analyzed. RESULTS The pre-operative HKA (P = 0.002), post-operative HKA (P = 0.007), pre-operative MPTA (P = 0.011), and pre-operative WBLR (P = 0.031) were significantly related to the post-operative IKDC score. Cartilage degeneration states evaluated from first and second-look arthroscopy were not associated with post-operative IKDC score. Subgroup analysis revealed that the Under-correction group had significantly lower post-operative IKDC scores compared to the Optimal and Over-correction group (P = 0.012 and P = 0.030, respectively). CONCLUSION Our result suggests that a sub-optimal correction of coronal limb alignment negatively affects the early outcome of MOWHTO. On the other hand, the effect of the degree of cartilage degeneration was not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-June Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, Korea
| | - Jae-Hwa Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, Korea
| | - Wonchul Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, Korea.
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13
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Peng H, Ou A, Huang X, Wang C, Wang L, Yu T, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Osteotomy Around the Knee: The Surgical Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Orthop Surg 2021; 13:1465-1473. [PMID: 34110088 PMCID: PMC8313165 DOI: 10.1111/os.13021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis causes joint pain and functional disorder, of which knee osteoarthritis is the most common. Nowadays, clinically effective treatments mainly include conservative treatment, arthroplasty, and osteotomy. However, conservative treatment only offers symptomatic relief and arthroplasty is limited to the patients with a moderate to severe degree of osteoarthritis. For relatively young patients who require greater knee preservation, a surgical treatment with low operation trauma and revision rate is needed. Osteotomy around the knee, based on the notion of “knee preservation,” has been chosen as an alternative surgical treatment. Cutting and realigning the bones corrects the mechanical line of lower limb force bearing. As such, osteotomy around the knee retains normal anatomical structure and obtains good functional recovery of the knee joint. The techniques of osteotomy around the knee includes anti‐varus deformity and anti‐valgus deformity osteotomy, aiming to reallocate the force bearing in the compartment of the knee joint. By choosing the surgical section of the lower limbs, the osteotomy around the knee can achieve the correction of mechanical axis, such as the high tibial osteotomy (HTO), proximal fibular osteotomy (PFO), and distal femur osteotomy (DFO). Numerous modified techniques have been developed to meet the demands of patients based on traditional methods. These modified osteotomy have their own advantages and indications. This paper aims to guide clinical treatment by reviewing different types of osteotomies, and their effects, that have been studied and applied widely in clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Peng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Aichun Ou
- Department of Operating Room, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tengbo Yu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Institute of Traumatic Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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14
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Ghasemi SA, Zhang DT, Fragomen A, Rozbruch SR. Proximal tibial osteotomy for genu varum: Radiological evaluation of deformity correction with a plate vs external fixator. World J Orthop 2021; 12:140-151. [PMID: 33816141 PMCID: PMC7995338 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v12.i3.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a well-known procedure for the correction of knee varus. The purpose of this study was to compare the radiological results and accuracy of deformity correction performed using two different techniques: acute opening wedge correction using a plate and gradual correction with a monolateral external fixator.
AIM To compare of the radiological results of two different techniques: acute opening wedge correction (a plate and screw) and gradual correction (external fixator).
METHODS A total of 43 patients with plates and 36 patients with external fixators were included. All patients had moderate uniplanar varus deformities. We measured radiographic parameters, including the mechanical axis deviation (MAD), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), Caton-Deschamps Index (CDI), posterior proximal tibial angle, and joint line obliquity angle (JLOA). The accuracy of MAD correction was calculated based on a correction goal of neutral or overcorrection for medial compartment arthritis.
RESULTS Demographics including age, body mass index, sex, and preoperative deformities were similar between the groups. The MAD significantly improved from 23.6 mm medial to the midline (SD = 8.2 mm) to 6.9 mm lateral to the midline (SD = 5.4 mm) (P < 0.001). The accuracy of MAD correction did not differ between the groups and was 96.1% (SD = 8.1%) in the plate group and 98.2% (SD = 5.2%) in the external fixator group (P = 0.18). The MPTA significantly improved from 83.9° (SD = 2.9°) to 90.9° (SD = 3.3°) (P < 0.001), and the change was similar between the groups. Differences were noted in patella height, with a CDI change of -19.2% (SD = 13.7%) and 3.1% (SD = 8.0%) for the plate and external fixator groups, respectively (P < 0.001). The change in JLOA was 1.6 degrees (SD = 1.1 degrees) and 0.9 degrees (SD = 0.9 degrees) for the plate and external fixator groups, respectively (P = 0.04).
CONCLUSION Reliable correction of moderate varus alignment was achieved with both the acute opening wedge technique with a plate and the gradual monolateral external fixator technique. The patellar height decreased with the open wedge plate technique. Joint line obliquity decreased to a greater degree with the open wedge plate technique, perhaps as a result of medial collateral ligament release. The appropriate technique should be selected based on surgeon and patient preferences; however, external fixation may be a better choice when the preservation of patellar height is deemed important.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ali Ghasemi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - David T Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - Austin Fragomen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - S Robert Rozbruch
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, United States
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15
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Matsushita T, Watanabe S, Araki D, Nagai K, Hoshino Y, Kanzaki N, Matsumoto T, Niikura T, Kuroda R. Differences in preoperative planning for high-tibial osteotomy between the standing and supine positions. Knee Surg Relat Res 2021; 33:8. [PMID: 33648604 PMCID: PMC7923465 DOI: 10.1186/s43019-021-00090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have reported that alignment changes depend on the patient’s position in orthopedic surgery. However, it has not yet been well examined how the patient’s position affects the preoperative planning in high-tibial osteotomy (HTO). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the patient’s position on preoperative planning in HTO. Materials and methods A total of 60 knees in 55 patients who underwent HTO were retrospectively examined. Virtual preoperative planning for medial open-wedge HTO (OWHTO), lateral closed-wedge HTO (CWHTO), and hybrid CWHTO were performed by setting the percentage of the weight-bearing line (%WBL) at 62% as an optimal alignment. The correction angle differences between the supine and standing radiographs were measured. The virtual %WBL (v%WBL) was determined by applying the correction angle obtained from the standing radiograph to the supine radiograph. The %WBL discrepancy (%WBLd) was calculated as v%WBL − 62 (%) to predict the possible correction errors during surgeries. A single regression analysis was performed to examine the correlation between the correction angle difference and %WBLd. Results The mean correction angle was significantly higher when the preoperative planning was based on standing radiographs than when based on supine radiographs (P < 0.001), and the mean difference was 2.2 ± 1.5°. The difference between the two conditions in the medial opening gaps for OWHTO, lateral wedge sizes (mm) for CWHTO, and hybrid CWHTO were 2.6 ± 2.0, 2.3 ± 1.6, and 1.9 ± 1.4, respectively. The mean v%WBL was 71.2% ± 7.3%, and the mean %WBLd was 10.1% ± 7.4%. A single regression analysis revealed a linear correlation between the correction angle difference and %WBLd (%WBLd = 4.72 × correction angle difference + 0.08). No statistically significant difference in the parameters was found between the supine and standing radiographs postoperatively. Conclusions We found significant differences in the estimated correction angles between the supine and standing radiographs in the planning for HTO. Therefore, surgeons should carefully consider the difference between supine and standing radiographs and estimate the possible correction error during surgery when planning a HTO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Shu Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Daisuke Araki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kanto Nagai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hoshino
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kanzaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takahiro Niikura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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16
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Yapici F, Aykut US, Coskun M, Arslan MC, Merder-Coskun D, Kocabiyik A, Ulu E, Bayhan AI, Kaygusuz MA. Complications, Additional Surgery, and Joint Survival Analysis After Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy. Orthopedics 2020; 43:303-314. [PMID: 32931590 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20200819-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The reported incidence of complications following medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) varies. The authors sought to assess the complications, additional surgeries, and joint survival following MOWHTO in patients with isolated medial compartment arthrosis during a mean follow-up of 10 years. This retrospective study involved patients implanted with spacer plates, angle adjustable plates, or inverse L-type plates with wedges between 2000 and 2010. A total of 504 knees from 441 patients were examined. Mean age of the study population was 52.6±7.0 years, with 56 (11.1%) knees from men and 448 (88.9%) from women. The 10-year Kaplan-Meier joint survival rate was 94.8%. Overall complication rate for MOWHTO was 63.7%, with complications in 20.3% of treated knees requiring additional surgery. In this population, although the overall complication rate and the need for additional surgery were high, the need for additional surgery resulting from serious complications was low (2.6%). The high joint survival rate and low rate of additional surgery for serious complications indicate that MOWHTO can be safely applied in patients with isolated medial gonarthrosis. [Orthopedics. 2020;43(5):303-314.].
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17
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van Lieshout WAM, van Ginneken BJT, Kerkhoffs GMMJ, van Heerwaarden RJ. Medial closing wedge high tibial osteotomy for valgus tibial deformities: good clinical results and survival with a mean 4.5 years of follow-up in 113 patients. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:2798-2807. [PMID: 30911790 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A varus-producing medial closing wedge high tibial osteotomy (MCWHTO) is an uncommon procedure. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the survivorship and prevalence of post-operative subjective knee laxity and satisfaction in a large cohort of patients with a MCWHTO performed without a MCL-reefing procedure. METHODS All patients (n = 176) who underwent a MCWHTO in our clinic between 2008 and 2016 were approached to participate. After review of patient charts, questionnaires were sent to willingly patients. Primary outcome was the survivorship of the MCWHTO; secondary outcome was patient-reported instability and satisfaction. RESULTS One-hundred and thirteen patients participated in the study. The 5-year survival rate of the MCWHTO was almost 80%. A total of 77% of the patients was satisfied with the treatment. With regard to post-operative subjective knee laxity, 26% of the patients experienced instability of the knee post-operation. Instability was significantly correlated with the KOOS domains, the Lysholm score, the IKDC knee function score and the Physical and Mental Health Domains of the SF-36. CONCLUSION Medial closing wedge high tibial osteotomy provides good results regarding survivorship and patient satisfaction for patients with a valgus deformity which is located in the proximal tibia. Clinically relevant is that in the surgical technique without MCL-reefplasty instability is significantly correlated with worse patient-reported outcome measures. The addition of a MCL reefing procedure will improve outcome in selected patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A M van Lieshout
- Maartenskliniek Woerden, Woerden, The Netherlands.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - G M M J Kerkhoffs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R J van Heerwaarden
- Maartenskliniek Woerden, Woerden, The Netherlands. .,Centre for Deformity Correction and Joint Preserving Surgery, Kliniek ViaSana, Hoogveldseweg 1, 5451 AA, Mill, The Netherlands.
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18
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Torres-Claramunt R, Sánchez-Soler JF, Hinarejos P, Sala-Pujals A, Leal-Blanquet J, Monllau JC. Proximal Tibiofibular Dislocation in a Closing-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Causes Lateral Radiological Gapping of the Knee: A Prospective Randomized Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1622. [PMID: 32471226 PMCID: PMC7355442 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether a proximal tibiofibular joint dislocation (TFJD) increases lateral compartment gapping more than a fibular head osteotomy (FHO) during a closing-wedge high tibial osteotomy (CWHTO). The second objective was to determine whether lateral compartment gapping affects clinical outcomes. METHODS A prospective randomized clinical study was carried out that included 18 patients in Group 1 (FHO) and 18 in Group 2 (TFJD). Varus-stress radiographs of all the patients with both knees at full extension and at 30 ° of flexion were studied pre-operatively and 12 months post-operatively. Lateral compartment gapping was measured in millimeters. The Knee Society Score (KSS) was used to assess clinical stability. RESULTS The difference between the pre- and post-operative measurements relative to gapping in the lateral knee compartment at 0 ° of knee flexion was 1.3 mm (SD 1.8) in Group 1 and 4.5 mm (SD 2.4) in Group 2 (p = 0.006). At 30 ° of knee flexion, this difference was 1.9 mm (SD 1.2) in Group 1 and 5.2 mm (SD 3.1) in Group 2 (p = 0.01). No differences were observed in the pre- and post-operative period relative to gapping in healthy knees. Pre-operatively, both groups presented similar KSS knee values: Group 1 with 54.7 (SD 11.7), Group 2 with 54.8 (SD 11.1) (n.s.). Post-operatively, these values were also similar: Group 1 with 93.2 (SD 7.4), Group 2 with 93.5 (SD 5.5) (n.s.). CONCLUSIONS In patients who have undergone a CWHTO, TFJ dislocation increases knee lateral compartment gapping when compared to an FHO at 0 ° and 30 ° of knee flexion. However, this fact seems to have no repercussion on the functional status of the knees as measured with the KSS at the one-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Torres-Claramunt
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (R.T.-C.); (P.H.); (A.S.-P.); (J.C.M.)
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Orthopaedic Department, ICATME-Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Sabino de Arana 5-19, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Sánchez-Soler
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (R.T.-C.); (P.H.); (A.S.-P.); (J.C.M.)
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Hinarejos
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (R.T.-C.); (P.H.); (A.S.-P.); (J.C.M.)
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Pujals
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (R.T.-C.); (P.H.); (A.S.-P.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Joan Leal-Blanquet
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital de Igualada, Consorci Sanitari de l’Anoia, 08700 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Joan Carles Monllau
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (R.T.-C.); (P.H.); (A.S.-P.); (J.C.M.)
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Orthopaedic Department, ICATME-Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Sabino de Arana 5-19, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Wade R, Shah S, Sujith B, Shah K, Raj A, Marathe N. High tibial osteotomy in a lax knee: A review of current concepts. J Orthop 2020; 19:67-71. [PMID: 32021040 PMCID: PMC6994797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2019.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The technique of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) was traditionally documented for symptomatic medial tibiofemoral arthrosis associated with coronal plane malalignment in a stable knee., recently, more attention has been given to the treatment of coronal malalignment in lax knees with HTO with or without ligament reconstruction. Patients with overwhelming pain, chronic ligament deficiency and coronal or sagittal deformity are generally easier to treat with HTO as compared to those who have mild pain and a proximal tibial deformity. The instability at the knee joint can be either in the coronal or sagittal plane or in both planes. Younger patients with chronic ACL deficiency, varus malalignment and advanced medial compartment arthritis, who present with pain and slight instability show satisfactory results with HTO. Double-limb weight bearing anteroposterior view radiographs are used to plot mechanical leg axis (from the centre of the femoral head to the centre of the knee), anatomical axis (a line from the centre of the piriformis fossa to the centre of the knee joint and a line through the long axis of tibia) and weight bearing axis (line drawn from the centre of the femoral head to the centre of the ankle joint) and are used to plan HTO. A 3-dimensional pre-operative plan using CT and MRI is recently studied. The decision to perform HTO alone or in combination with ligament reconstruction involves consideration of patient demographics, symptoms and ligaments involved. The most commonly used surgical techniques for high tibial osteotomy include lateral close wedge osteotomy, medial open wedge osteotomy and dome osteotomy. The post-operative rehabilitation depends on the rigidity of fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swapneel Shah
- Department of Orthopedics, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, India
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20
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Difference in joint line convergence angle between the supine and standing positions is the most important predictive factor of coronal correction error after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:1516-1525. [PMID: 31289915 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Coronal correction errors after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) occasionally occur even with the assistance of navigation. The purpose of the present study was to determine the navigation accuracy in MOWHTO and to identify factors that affect the coronal correction error after navigation-assisted MOWHTO. METHODS A total of 114 knees treated with navigation-assisted MOWHTO were reviewed retrospectively. Mechanical axis (MA) on standing radiograph and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) were measured preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively, and the differences (ΔMA and ΔMPTA) were calculated. Joint line convergence angle (JLCA) on supine and standing radiographs was measured preoperatively, and their difference (ΔJLCA) was calculated. To assess the navigation accuracy, ΔMA and ΔMPTA were compared with the coronal correction by navigation (ΔNMA) using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were used to identify factors that affect coronal correction discrepancy (ΔMA - ΔNMA). RESULTS The reliability of navigation was good in terms of bony correction (ICC between ΔNMA and ΔMPTA, 0.844) and fair in terms of MA correction (ICC between ΔNMA and ΔMA, 0.706). The mean coronal correction discrepancy was 2.0° ± 2.4°. In the multivariable analysis, ΔJLCA was shown to be a predictive factor of coronal correction discrepancy (unstandardized coefficient, 1.026; R2, 0.470). CONCLUSION Navigation in MOWHTO provided reliable information about bony correction; however, MA tended to be overcorrected. The difference in JLCA between the supine and standing radiographs was the most important preoperative factor that predicted the coronal correction discrepancy after MOWHTO. In patients with larger ΔJLCA, each degree of ΔJLCA should be subtracted from the planned amount of correction angle when preoperative planning is performed using standing radiographs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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21
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Open Versus Closing Wedge Osteotomy and Application to Mandibular Reconstruction. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 31:e380-e384. [PMID: 32282471 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the specific techniques of closing wedge osteotomy and open osteotomy, compare their clinical and radiographic outcomes, and apply these findings to mandibular reconstruction. METHODS A thorough review of the otolaryngology, facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and orthopedic surgery literature was conducted in the Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases using the terms 'osteotomy' and 'mandibular reconstruction.' RESULTS Traditionally, open osteotomies were thought to result in greater rates of malunion. However, multiple meta-analyses within the orthopedic literature have refuted this. Closing wedge osteotomies, on the other hand, may increase the chance of damaging a perforator. Again, no studies have evaluated the relationship between type of osteotomy and flap survival or wound healing. The particular type of osteotomy performed often depends on the type of osseous flap being utilized. CONCLUSIONS Open osteotomies are a viable and even preferred alternative, particularly in flaps without consistent perforators, such as scapular free flaps.
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Determination of the postoperative limb alignment following a high tibial osteotomy in patients with uni-compartmental knee osteoarthritis, review article. J Orthop 2020; 18:53-57. [PMID: 32189884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives High tibial osteotomy is an established surgical procedure for treatment of mal-aligned Varus knees due to medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. Aims are to evaluate whether post-operative axial alignment achieves good long-term results. Methods and results Literature search done and studies with a follow up period of 2 or more years were included. The mean postoperative mechanical axis varied widely from 3 to 16° with significant differences between the studies. Conclusion The results suggested that medial knee osteoarthritis can be treated successfully with HTO. The post-operative valgus angle should be between 3 and 13° of valgus to achieve good long-term results.
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Da Cunha RJ, Kraszewski AP, Hillstrom HJ, Fragomen AT, Rozbruch SR. Biomechanical and Functional Improvements Gained by Proximal Tibia Osteotomy Correction of Genu Varum in Patients with Knee Pain. HSS J 2020; 16:30-38. [PMID: 32015738 PMCID: PMC6973828 DOI: 10.1007/s11420-019-09670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical axis malalignment contributes to abnormal forces across the knee joint. Genu varum, or increased medial mechanical axis deviation (MAD), increases force transmission and contact pressures to the medial compartment. With increasing MAD and femoral-tibial mechanical axis angle (MAA), contact forces within the medial or lateral compartment of the knee significantly increase with increasing deformity. This may lead to knee pain, further deformity, and medial compartment degenerative joint disease, which can interfere with participation in sports and diminish quality of life. PURPOSES/QUESTIONS We sought to evaluate patients with knee pain with bilateral genu varum and determine the effect of bilateral proximal tibial osteotomies on knee biomechanics, deformity correction, and functional outcomes. METHODS This was a single-center, prospective study of eight limbs in four patients. Consecutive patients presenting with knee pain and bilateral genu varum originating from the proximal tibia were included. All patients underwent staged bilateral proximal tibial osteotomies with gradual deformity correction with an external fixator. Subjects underwent a three-dimensional (3D) instrumented motion analysis during level walking. A 3D lower extremity model was built and bilateral knee frontal plane kinematics and kinetics during the stance phase of gait were determined. Radiographic analysis was performed including assessment of MAD, MAA, and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA). Functional outcomes were assessed with the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the 36-item Short-Form Survey (SF-36), the Lower Limb Questionnaire (LLQ), and a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. RESULTS The average time in the external fixator for a single limb was 97 days. The average follow-up period was 310 days. All biomechanical outcomes significantly improved, including knee adduction angle (7.8° to 1.8°), knee adduction moments (first peak, - 0.450 to - 0.281 nm/kg, and second peak, - 0.381 to - 0.244 nm/kg), and knee adduction moment impulse (- 0.233 to - 0.150 nm s/kg). There was a significant improvement in MAA, MAD, and MPTA. All patients showed qualitative improvement in mean scores on VAS (11.8 to 0.0), LLQ (77 to 93), KOOS (64 to 84), and SF-36 (71 to 88). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that bilateral proximal tibial osteotomy may be effective in improving knee biomechanics during gait and correcting mechanical alignment in patients with bilateral genu varum. Patients also demonstrated improvement in functional outcome scores. This technique should thus be considered in patients with varus knee osteoarthritis in the setting of genu varum to alleviate symptoms and potentially decrease further clinical deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael J. Da Cunha
- Limb Lengthening and Complex Reconstruction Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
- Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Queen’s University, 76 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7 Canada
| | - Andrew P. Kraszewski
- Leon Root, MD, Motion Analysis Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Howard J. Hillstrom
- Leon Root, MD, Motion Analysis Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Austin T. Fragomen
- Limb Lengthening and Complex Reconstruction Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - S. Robert Rozbruch
- Limb Lengthening and Complex Reconstruction Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
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Malinowski K, Sibilska A, Góralczyk A, LaPrade RF, Hermanowicz K. Superficial Medial Collateral Ligament Reattachment During High Tibial Osteotomy: Regulate Tension, Preserve Stability! Arthrosc Tech 2019; 8:e1339-e1343. [PMID: 31890505 PMCID: PMC6926300 DOI: 10.1016/j.eats.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a commonly performed surgical procedure. Although it is well-known that the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) should be released during HTO, there is still no agreement on performing its reattachment. Considering the function of the sMCL, after its release during HTO, increased medial joint instability may be expected. We present a technique for sMCL reattachment that prevents medial gapping development and maintains nearly native pressure on the medial compartment of the knee joint by matching the tension on the sMCL to the size of the osteotomy gap. This technique is suitable for any correction angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Malinowski
- Artromedical Orthopaedic Clinic, Belchatów, Poland,Address correspondence to Konrad Malinowski, M.D., Ph.D., Artromedical Orthopaedic Clinic, Chrobrego 24, 97-400 Belchatów, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sibilska
- Clinic of Orthopedics and Pediatric Orthopedics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Goshima K, Sawaguchi T, Shigemoto K, Iwai S, Fujita K, Yamamuro Y. Comparison of Clinical and Radiologic Outcomes Between Normal and Overcorrected Medial Proximal Tibial Angle Groups After Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy. Arthroscopy 2019; 35:2898-2908.e1. [PMID: 31604511 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether the overcorrected medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) affects the clinical outcomes after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) and to assess the correlation between knee joint line obliquity (KJLO) changes and the compensatory changes in the hip and ankle joints. METHODS Consecutive patients who underwent OWHTO from July 2006 to August 2015 were included. Exclusion criteria were bilateral OWHTO and follow-up of <2 years. The patients were retrospectively divided into 2 groups according to postoperative MPTA; a normal group (MPTA <95°) and an overcorrected MPTA group (MPTA ≥95°). The groups were compared with respect to the clinical and radiologic outcomes after OWHTO. Clinical parameters, including Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), were evaluated. Radiologic outcomes, including the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), joint line convergence angle (JLCA), MPTA, KJLO, ankle joint line obliquity (AJLO), and hip abduction angle (HAA), were evaluated preoperatively and at the final follow-up. RESULTS Ninety-four patients (normal group; n = 52, overcorrected group; n = 42) were included in this study. After OWTHO, the mean increases in HKA and MPTA were 11.0° ± 3.2° and 10.4° ± 2.7°, respectively, whereas the change in KJLO was only 3.7° ± 2.9°. The mean AJLO (4.3 ± 3.9 to -1.3 ± 3.3, P < .001) and HAA (3.7 ± 2.5 to -1.1 ± 2.3, P < .001) significantly decreased after OWHTO. The mean postoperative MPTA in the overcorrected group was 96.9° ± 1.5°, whereas the mean postoperative KJLO was only 3.1° ± 2.0°. No significant differences were noted in all clinical scores between the groups at the final follow-up. CONCLUSIONS A certain degree of overcorrected MPTA (≥95°) did not affect the clinical outcomes after OWHTO because of compensatory changes in the hip and ankle joints. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level Ⅲ, retrospective comparative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Goshima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Toyama Municipal Hospital, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Sawaguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Toyama Municipal Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kenji Shigemoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Toyama Municipal Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shintaro Iwai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Toyama Municipal Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kenji Fujita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Toyama Municipal Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamuro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Toyama Municipal Hospital, Toyama, Japan
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Marcheggiani Muccioli GM, Fratini S, Cammisa E, Vaccari V, Grassi A, Bragonzoni L, Zaffagnini S. Lateral Closing Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy for Medial Compartment Arthrosis or Overload. Clin Sports Med 2019; 38:375-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rhatomy S, Purnama H, Singh C, Setyawan R, Utomo DN. Management of valgus knee with irreducible patellar dislocation and MCL rupture: A case series. Int J Surg Case Rep 2019; 60:175-182. [PMID: 31229772 PMCID: PMC6597494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The high rate of recurrence in patellar dislocation treatment, requires a more comprehensive action, this is due to causes not only single but often multifactorial, including problems with static stability, dynamic stability or both. PRESENTATION OF CASE 1st case: A-39-years-old male, complain of irreducible right patella dislocation with valgus knee and already done soft tissue procedure for patella dislocation. Long-leg radiographs of the right leg showed 18° valgus mechanical angle. 2nd case: A-26-years-old obese female, complain of dislocation of left patella and history of surgery for dislocation at 5 years old. Long-leg radiographs of the right leg showed 11° valgus mechanical angle. DISCUSSION After knowing the cause of the patellar dislocation from history taking, physical and supporting examination, we performed lateral open wedge distal femoral osteotomy also MPFL and MCL reconstruction, and tibial tuberosity medialization osteotomy. There is improvement mean score in Tegner Lysholm Knee Scoring system and IKDC Scoring at 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSION Lateral open wedge distal femur osteotomy combine with MPFL and MCL reconstruction and tibial tuberosity medialization realignment procedure can be successfully done for improve irreducible patellar dislocation in valgus knee, from clinical and radiological evaluation have good outcome after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sholahuddin Rhatomy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Dr Soeradji Tirtonegoro General Hospital, Klaten, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Hendri Purnama
- Fellowship of Hip and Knee, Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Charanjeet Singh
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Gleneagles Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Riky Setyawan
- Soeradji Tirtonegoro Sport Center and Research Unit, Dr Soeradji Tirtonegoro General Hospital, Klaten, Indonesia
| | - Dwikora Novembri Utomo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia
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Zampogna B, Vasta S, Papalia R. Patient Evaluation and Indications for Osteotomy Around the Knee. Clin Sports Med 2019; 38:305-315. [PMID: 31079764 DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Osteotomy is recognized as a knee joint-preserving surgical procedure to treat frontal and/or sagittal plane malalignment with or without associated instability. This article outlines the preoperative clinical and imaging assessments of prospective patients undergoing osteotomy. In addition, indications and contraindications as well as surgical planning are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Zampogna
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Vasta
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, Rome 00128, Italy.
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, Rome 00128, Italy
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Byalik VE, Makarov SA, Alekseeva LI, Byalik EI. Medium- and long-term results of high tibial osteotomy in patients with primary and secondary knee osteoarthritis with varus deformity. MODERN RHEUMATOLOGY JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.14412/1996-7012-2019-2-38-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The most common operation for knee osteoarthritis (OA) is total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, the latter is associated with the development of severe complications. This was the reason for the revival of the interest of orthopedic traumatologists in high tibial osteotomy (HTO), the essence of which is to transfer the load away from the affected medial part of the knee joint (KJ) to the intact lateral one.Objective: to evaluate the medium- and long-term results of open-wedge (OW) HTO in primary and secondary I–III stage knee OA.Patients and methods. The Laboratory of Orthopedic Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, performed 10 OW HTOs in 9 patients in 2005 to 2009 and 21 more OW HTOs in 19 patients in 2014 to 2018 (a total of 31 operations). The male/female ratio was 2.5:1. The mean age of the patients was 57.6±12.5 years; the body mass index (BMI) was 28.5±3.6 kg/m2 ; the correction angle was 11.7±2.5°. Preoperative planning was performed using the Miniaci method; the X-ray stage of knee OA was evaluated according to the Kellgren–Lawrence classification. OW HTO was carried out. For assessment of its results, the investigators determined the degree of pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the KJ status by the Knee Society Score (KSS) scale. The results were assessed at one (n=31), 3.5±0.6 (n=28), and 8.5±1.3 (n=10) years.Results and discussion. There was a tendency to worsen surgical results over time. The mean VAS values for pain at 1, 3.5, and 8.5 years were as follows: 9.8±10.3; 21.2±16.2 and 38±15.5 mm, respectively. In the same periods, the KSS functional scores were 83.6±14.8, 85.2±12.6, and 80.5±14.2; the objective scores were 80.7±8.5, 75.2±12.7, and 67.8±16.3. There was a strong correlation between the severity of pain and the functional and objective KSS scores (-0.78, -0.81 years, and -0.91 at 1, 3.5, and 8.5 years, respectively; p<0.05). At 3.5±0.6 years, the survival rate after OW HTO was 96.6%. None of the patients examined at 8.5±1.3 years after OW HTO needed TKA. The surgical result was studied in 2 patients at 14 years; one patient underwent TKA, the other refused surgical intervention, the result was satisfactory.Conclusion. OW HTO has limited indications for use. However, in patients who are allowed to undergo this operation, pain syndrome can be relieved, by maintaining and/or improving KJ function; in most cases, TKA can be delayed for more than 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. E. Byalik
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology
| | | | | | - E. I. Byalik
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology
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Intra- and Extra-Articular Deformity of Lower Limb: Tibial Condylar Valgus Osteotomy (TCVO) and Distal Tibial Oblique Osteotomy (DTOO) for Reconstruction of Joint Congruency. Adv Orthop 2019; 2019:8605674. [PMID: 30906598 PMCID: PMC6398061 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8605674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteotomies are the established surgical procedure for the deformity of the lower limb induced by osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and ankle. Closed-wedge (CW) and open-wedge (OW) high tibial osteotomy (HTO) are extra-articular surgery, which aim to shift the mechanical axis from medial to slightly lateral and reduce the overload in the medial compartment of the varus deformed knee by extra-articular correction. However, varus deformity of the knee with the teeter effect, which could be accompanied with subluxation and thrust due to the medial-lateral soft tissue imbalance, is not resolved only by the shift of mechanical axis. The depression of the medial tibia plateau, so-called pagoda deformity, is the intra-articular deformity, which could potentially cause the teeter effect and involves intra-articular incongruency. In such case, the osteotomy with novel concept should be developed to overcome the issues, both the imbalance of soft tissue and intra-articular deformity. Tibial condylar valgus osteotomy (TCVO) is an intra-articular osteotomy, which improves the joint congruency of the medial-compartment knee OA with subluxation and/or intra-articular deformity and also provides better joint stability. A similar argument is raised in the treatment of the ankle OA. Low tibial osteotomy (LTO) is an extra-articular surgery to correct malalignment of lower leg. Distal tibial oblique osteotomy (DTOO) is a novel surgery to improve the bony congruency of the ankle OA. In DTOO, the distal tibia is cut obliquely from the proximal medial to the distal lateral in the coronal plane and towards the center of the tibiofibular joint to improve the bony congruency of the ankle joint. Tibial condylar valgus osteotomy (TCVO) and distal tibial oblique osteotomy (DTOO) can correct intra-articular deformity of knee and ankle, respectively. The rationale and indication of TCVO and DTOO for the treatment of the lower limb by reconstructing the joint congruency are discussed.
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van Lieshout WAM, Martijn CD, van Ginneken BTJ, van Heerwaarden RJ. Medial collateral ligament laxity in valgus knee deformity before and after medial closing wedge high tibial osteotomy measured with instrumented laxity measurements and patient reported outcome. J Exp Orthop 2018; 5:49. [PMID: 30535762 PMCID: PMC6288099 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-018-0164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medial closing wedge high tibial osteotomy (CWHTO) for valgus deformity correction was first described by Coventry whom performed an additional reefing of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) to prevent instability postoperative. In our clinic the additional reefing procedure has never been performed and instability has not been reported routinely by patients. Using instrumented laxity testing, pre- and postoperative valgus and varus knee laxity can be measured objectively. We hypothesize that absence of changes in laxity testing and subjective knee stability scores support that no additional reefing procedure is necessary. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective cohort study 11 consecutive patients indicated for medial CWHTO were subjected to pre- and postoperative stress X-rays in 30° and 70° of flexion and opening of the joint line was measured in degrees on the radiographs. Patient reported outcome scores were documented with the KOOS, Lysholm, SF36, Oxford Knee Score and a VAS instability scoring tool. RESULTS All patients (7 females) completed the study, mean age was 46 years. Mean preoperative Hip Knee Ankle angle 6.4° valgus was corrected to mean postoperative alignment 0.1° valgus. A significant difference was measured between mean pre- and postoperative 30° valgus laxity (2.8° vs 5.3°, P = 0.005), 30° varus laxity (6.7° vs 3.2°, P = 0.005) and 70° valgus laxity (2.0° vs 4.8°, P = 0.008). Postoperative patient-reported knee instability as measured with the Lysholm questionnaire was significantly improved compared to preoperative instability (P = 0.006). VAS instability improved, but didn't reach significance (8.0 preoperative and 5.5 postoperative (P = 0.127). Other outcome measures showed improvement as well. No correlations between radiological findings and outcome scores were found. CONCLUSION A significant increase in postoperative valgus laxity in 30° and 70° of flexion deems reconsidering addition of MCL reefingplasty to the medial CWHTO although patient reported outcome on subjective stability scores fails to report increase of instability in this study population. Instrumented laxity measurements of medial CWHTO patients treated with additional medial reefingplasty should be performed to prove the value of this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A M van Lieshout
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C D Martijn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Deformity Correction and Joint Preserving Surgery, Kliniek ViaSana, Hoogveldseweg 1, Mill, 5451 AA, The Netherlands
| | - B T J van Ginneken
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R J van Heerwaarden
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Centre for Deformity Correction and Joint Preserving Surgery, Kliniek ViaSana, Hoogveldseweg 1, Mill, 5451 AA, The Netherlands.
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Panzica M, Westphal R, Citak M, Hawi N, Liodakis E, Goesling T, Krettek C, Stuebig T, Suero EM. Intraoperative computer-assisted prediction of intraarticular contact pressures in the knee during high tibial osteotomy. Int J Med Robot 2018; 15:e1972. [PMID: 30421846 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop an accurate intraoperative method to estimate changes in intraarticular contact pressures during high tibial osteotomy (HTO). METHODS Changes in knee alignment and pressure were monitored in real time in seven cadaver specimens that received HTO. Intraarticular contact pressure (N/mm2 ) in each knee compartment was estimated based on extraarticularly acquired data (leg alignment, correction, and ankle tilt) and based on the application of an axial force of half bodyweight (400-450 N). RESULTS Contact pressure estimation was more accurate in the lateral compartment (R2 = 0.940) than in the medial compartment of the knee (R2 = 0.835). The optimism-corrected R2 was 0.936 for the lateral compartment and 0.821 for the medial compartment. CONCLUSIONS We have established a framework for estimating the change in intraarticular contact pressures based on extraarticular data. This research could be helpful in generating appropriate algorithms to estimate joint alignment changes based on applied loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Panzica
- Trauma Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Westphal
- Institute for Robotics and Process Control, Braunschweig University of Technology, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Musa Citak
- Trauma Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nael Hawi
- Trauma Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Goesling
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Klinikum Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Timo Stuebig
- Trauma Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eduardo M Suero
- Trauma Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Kim HJ, Park J, Shin JY, Park IH, Park KH, Kyung HS. More accurate correction can be obtained using a three-dimensional printed model in open-wedge high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018; 26:3452-3458. [PMID: 29602970 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-4927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the preoperative planning method using a three-dimensional (3D) printed model with that of a method using picture archiving and communication system (PACS) images in high tibial osteotomy (HTO). METHODS Patients who underwent HTO using a 3D printed model (20 patients) and a method based on PACS images (20 patients) from 2012 to 2016 were compared. After obtaining the correction angle, in the 3D printed method, the wedge-shaped 3D printed model was designed. The PACS method used preoperative radiographs. The accuracy of HTO for each method was compared using radiographs obtained at the first postoperative year. The preoperative and postoperative posterior tibial slope angles were also compared. RESULTS The weight-bearing line was corrected 21.2 ± 11.8% from preoperatively to 61.6 ± 3.3% postoperatively in the 3D group and from 19.4 ± 12.3% to 61.3 ± 8.1% in the PACS group. The mean absolute difference with the target point was lower in the 3D group (2.3 ± 2.5) than in the PACS group (6.2 ± 5.1; p = 0.005). The number of patients in an acceptable range was higher in the 3D group than in the PACS group. The posterior tibial slope angle was not significantly different in the 3D group (8.6°-8.9°), but was significantly different in the PACS group (9.9°-10.5°, p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS In open-wedge HTO, a more accurate correction for successful results could be obtained using the 3D printed model. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-June Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jaeyeong Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungjin College, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Il-Hyung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hyeon Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hee-Soo Kyung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
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Ogawa H, Matsumoto K, Akiyama H. Coronal tibiofemoral subluxation is correlated to correction angle in medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018; 26:3482-3490. [PMID: 29732517 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-4948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to analyse the change in coronal tibiofemoral (CTF) subluxation after high tibial osteotomy and to determine demographic variables associated with CTF subluxation. The change in CTF subluxation was hypothesised to be associated with the magnitude of correction of lower limb alignment and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA). METHODS A total of 103 consecutive knees in 86 patients who underwent medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy for symptomatic medial compartment knee osteoarthritis were retrospectively analysed. The normal %CTF subluxation value, which was defined as a subluxation of the proximal tibia relative to the distal femur on the lateral edge of the femorotibial joint, was determined from 60 normal knees. The association between CTF subluxation and the Knee Society Score (KSS) and radiographic parameters was examined. RESULTS The normal range for %CTF subluxation was defined as - 1.8 to 5.6%. Following osteotomy, Δ%CTF subluxation reduced from a mean of 4.5% (- 12.1 to - 4.6%) to 0.7% (- 6.8 to 8.2%), resulting in a decrease in lateral tibiofemoral subluxations concomitant with an increase in medial subluxations. The reduction in CTF subluxation correlated moderately with MPTA change (r = - 0.454, p < 0.001) and weakly with preoperative lower limb alignment as represented by hip-knee-ankle angle and %weight-bearing line. Multivariate regression analysis showed that ΔMPTA was a significant contributor of Δ%CTF subluxation. CONCLUSION Osteotomy reduced CTF subluxation, which was correlated with MPTA change. Postoperative MPTA should be considered during surgical planning, and a postoperative MPTA of approximately 93.5° may be an appropriate target to reduce CTF subluxation by obtaining normal CTF congruency. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV therapeutic, retrospective, cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Ogawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.,Department of Advanced Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kazu Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Haruhiko Akiyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
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Pagkalos J, Hussain F, Karargyris O, Snow M. A pilot study to assess the safety and radiological performance of a new low-profile locking plate for high tibial osteotomy. Knee 2018; 25:866-873. [PMID: 30207280 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the first results of a new low-profile titanium locking plate for fixation of opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). Short spacer plates have been associated with a high hardware complication rate, whilst fixed angle locking plates have been associated with a high incidence of soft tissue irritation. This plate aims to achieve stable fixation whilst maintaining a low profile, allowing space for combined procedures. METHODS All patients undergoing OWHTO with the Activmotion plate were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were allowed to progress to full weight bearing after two weeks. Radiographic assessment included the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) and posterior tibial slope at six weeks and then three monthly until union. All complications were recorded. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients with 40 OWHTOs were included in the study. The mean MPTA increased from 85.2 preoperatively to 91.9 postop. Tibial slope changed from 5.2 to 4.2°. The correction was sustained until union with no loss of correction in the MPTA (median change 0.0, 95% CI for median (-0.25, 0.4)) or tibial slope (mean increase 0.32, 95% CI (-0.02, 0.67)). CONCLUSIONS In this pilot study the Activmotion plate raised no safety concerns with regard to implant related adverse events or loss of initial correction. Early rehabilitation with immediate partial weight bearing was possible and all cases proceeded to osteotomy union with the exception of one case that needed to undergo bone grafting with implant retention. Premature removal of the implant was necessary in four cases due to symptomatic hardware irritation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Pagkalos
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Birmingham B31 2AP, United Kingdom.
| | - Faisal Hussain
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Birmingham B31 2AP, United Kingdom.
| | - Orestis Karargyris
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Birmingham B31 2AP, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Snow
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Birmingham B31 2AP, United Kingdom.
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Siboni R, Beaufils P, Boisrenoult P, Steltzlen C, Pujol N. Opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy without bone grafting in severe varus osteoarthritic knee. Rate and risk factors of non-union in 41 cases. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018; 104:473-476. [PMID: 29555559 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Using locking plates in opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) via a medial opening theoretically allows early weight-bearing without need for bone or bone-substitute grafting. It incurs a risk of non-consolidation in case of large correction (>10°), although rates and risk factors of non-union are not known. The present retrospective study compared OWHTO with correction <10° versus >10°, with a view to determining: (1) complications rates (non-union) according to degree of correction, and (2) risk factors for such complications. HYPOTHESIS OWHTO with correction greater than 10° without graft shows normal consolidation and allows early weight-bearing. MATERIAL AND METHOD Forty-one patients treated by OWHTO for medial osteoarthritis of the knee between January 2101 and November 2015 were included in a retrospective study. HKA angle was assessed by long-leg axis radiographs, preoperatively and at 3 months. Clinical and radiological follow-up at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months assessed consolidation in terms of >40% filling of the osteotomy site. Partial (contact) weight-bearing was allowed from the first postoperative day, with full weight-bearing at 6 weeks. RESULTS Mean patient age was 59±5 years. Mean body-mass index (BMI) was 30.3±5.2; 17 patients (41.5%) had BMI >30. Mean initial HKA angle was 173.5°±3° (range, 167-178°) and mean correction was 10.7°±2.7° (range, 5-15°). There were 27 corrections of 10° or more, and 14 less than 10°. At 3 months, mean HKA was 182.9°±2.5° (range, 178-187°). Twelve cases showed lateral tibial cortex fracture after opening. Thirty-six patients (87.8%) showed consolidation, at a mean 5±3 months. Five patients showed osteotomy site non-union; in all these cases, the lateral cortex was broken initially (P=0.003); all had BMI >30 (mean, 37.2±3.8; P<0.03); none were smokers. On univariate analysis, lateral tibial cortex fracture (OR=10; 95% CI, (1.59-196.30)), BMI >30 (OR=1.18; 95% CI, (1.03-1.41)) and correction ≥10° (OR=10.50; 95% CI, (2.49-53.86)) were associated with delayed consolidation. On multivariate analysis, only degree of osteotomy was significantly associated with delayed consolidation (OR=11.51; 95% CI, (2.13-95.74)). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Obesity and initial lateral cortex fracture appeared as risk factors for non-consolidation of OWHTO with large correction. Systematic bone or bone-substitute grafting may therefore be considered in this population in case of >10° correction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, prospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Siboni
- Service d'orthopédie traumatologie, centre hospitalier de Versailles, 177, rue de Versailles, 78150 Le Chesnay, France
| | - P Beaufils
- Service d'orthopédie traumatologie, centre hospitalier de Versailles, 177, rue de Versailles, 78150 Le Chesnay, France
| | - P Boisrenoult
- Service d'orthopédie traumatologie, centre hospitalier de Versailles, 177, rue de Versailles, 78150 Le Chesnay, France
| | - C Steltzlen
- Service d'orthopédie traumatologie, centre hospitalier de Versailles, 177, rue de Versailles, 78150 Le Chesnay, France
| | - N Pujol
- Service d'orthopédie traumatologie, centre hospitalier de Versailles, 177, rue de Versailles, 78150 Le Chesnay, France.
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Han SB, Lee JH, Kim SG, Cui CG, Suh DW, Lee SY, Jang KM. Patient-reported outcomes correlate with functional scores after opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy: a clinical study. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2017; 42:1067-1074. [DOI: 10.1007/s00264-017-3614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kumar V, Nayak M, Ansari T, Malhotra R. Sudden peroneal nerve palsy in an osteoarthritic knee: a case report. SICOT J 2017; 3:22. [PMID: 28287389 PMCID: PMC5347368 DOI: 10.1051/sicotj/2017005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroneal nerve injuries have been reported in association with various causes around the knee such as traumatic varus injury, traumatic dislocation, upper tibial osteotomy, knee arthroscopy and total knee arthroplasty. Two instances of varus arthritic knee associated with a peroneal nerve palsy have been reported so far. One presented with gradual onset peroneal nerve palsy that recovered with time and the other with sudden onset peroneal nerve palsy that did not recover. We describe the case of a 63-year-old man who presented with a symptomatic varus arthritic knee and sudden onset peroneal nerve palsy with synovial cysts over the lateral aspect of the knee. We performed a total knee arthroplasty with decompression of the synovial cyst in the same patient. Three months following the surgery the patient was walking pain free with a completely recovered nerve palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Mayur Nayak
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Tahir Ansari
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rajesh Malhotra
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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Choi GW, Yang JH, Park JH, Yun HH, Lee YI, Chae JE, Yoon JR. Changes in coronal alignment of the ankle joint after high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2017; 25:838-845. [PMID: 26685690 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-015-3890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in coronal alignment of the ankle joint after HTO. Our hypothesis was that ankle joint orientation may become more parallel or less parallel to the ground after HTO, and this change may affect ankle symptoms. METHODS Eighty-six knees were retrospectively analysed after HTO for varus osteoarthritis. Preoperative and follow-up whole-leg radiographs were taken. The hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) were measured to evaluate coronal alignment of the knee. Tibial plafond inclination (TPI), talar inclination (TI), talar tilt (TT), and lateral distal tibial angle (LDTA) were measured to evaluate coronal alignment of the ankle. Patients were divided into two groups: those who exhibited a decrease in the absolute value of TPI and TI after HTO (group A) and those who exhibited an increase in the absolute value of TPI or TI after HTO (group B). Clinical outcomes of the knee and ankle were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS Mean TPI and TI changed from 6.9° ± 3.6° and 8.0° ± 3.8° to 2.8° ± 3.1° and 3.9° ± 3.0° in group A (P < 0.001 for both) and from -1.3° ± 3.7° and 0.6° ± 4.5° to -6.0° ± 4.2° and -4.6° ± 5.9° in group B (P = 0.018 for both). VAS for ankle pain did not change significantly after HTO (n.s.) in group A, whereas those of group B increased significantly after HTO (P = 0.014). CONCLUSION Ankle joint orientation becomes more parallel or less parallel to the ground after HTO. Smaller preoperative HKA and LDTA result in a more valgus ankle joint orientation after HTO. Ankle symptoms were affected by coronal alignment changes of the ankle after HTO. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Won Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 425-707, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyuk Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 61 Jinhwangdoro-gil, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-791, South Korea
| | - Jung Ho Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 425-707, South Korea
| | - Ho Hyun Yun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 61 Jinhwangdoro-gil, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-791, South Korea
| | - Yong In Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 61 Jinhwangdoro-gil, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-791, South Korea
| | - Jin Eon Chae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 61 Jinhwangdoro-gil, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-791, South Korea
| | - Jung Ro Yoon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 61 Jinhwangdoro-gil, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-791, South Korea.
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Calcium phosphate cement enhances the torsional strength and stiffness of high tibial osteotomies. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2017; 25:817-822. [PMID: 26231147 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-015-3692-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There has been a resurgence in the use of opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (owHTO). Calcium phosphate cement has been shown to improve strength in compression for augmentation of tibial plateau and owHTO fixation. However, knee kinematics includes a torsional load during ambulation, which is as yet unstudied in this model. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of injectable calcium phosphate cement on the biomechanical stability of standard high tibial osteotomy defect with applied torsional load and ultimate stiffness of the supporting construct. METHODS Testing was performed on 22 bone mineral density-matched and age-matched cadaver specimens. Intact specimens were treated with 10° opening wedge osteotomies, identical surgical techniques as clinically used and fixation provided by iBalance© PEEK implant (Arthrex, Naples FL). Nine specimens were augmented with calcium phosphate injectable cement, Quickset (Arthrex Inc., Naples Fl). Constructs were for construct stiffness, torsional loads to failure, and mechanisms of failure. As a gold-standard comparison group, four samples were tested with a titanium, fixed angle device alone: Contourlock plate (Arthrex Inc., Naples Fl). RESULTS Peak torque to failure was significantly greater in samples augmented with calcium phosphate bone cement (23.0 ± 9.6 Nm) compared with specimens fixed with PEEK implant alone (18.1 ± 7.3). Construct stiffness in torsion was also significantly improved with bone cement application (349.0 ± 126.8 Nm/°) compared with PEEK implant alone (202.2 ± 153.4 Nm/°) and fixed angle implant system (142.9 ± 74.7 Nm/°). CONCLUSION Injectable calcium phosphate cement improves the initial maximal torsional strength and stiffness of high tibial osteotomy construct.
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Heijens E, Kornherr P, Meister C. The coronal hypomochlion: a tipping point of clinical relevance when planning valgus producing high tibial osteotomies. Bone Joint J 2017; 98-B:628-33. [PMID: 27143733 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.98b5.33394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In patients undergoing medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO), soft tissue opening on the medial side of the knee is difficult to predict. When the load bearing axis is corrected beyond a certain point, the knee joint tilts open on the medial side. We therefore hypothesised that there is a tipping point and defined this as the coronal hypomochlion. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this prospective study of 150 navigated MOWHTOs (144 consecutive patients), data were collected before surgery and at three months post-operatively. In order to calculate the hypomochlion, we compared the respective changes to the joint line convergence angle (JLCA) with the post-operative axis of the leg. The change to the medial proximal tibial angle accounts for only about 80% of the change to the femorotibial angle; 20% of the correction can therefore be attributed to non-osseous, soft-tissue changes. RESULTS We were able to demonstrate a linear change of JLCA in a range of 0° to 5° of valgus which started when the post-operative long-leg axis was corrected beyond 2° of valgus. CONCLUSION We found that the coronal hypomochlion occurs at 2° of valgus. TAKE HOME MESSAGE It is recommended to plan realignment for medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy at a maximum of 2° valgus. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:628-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Heijens
- Gelenkzentrum Rhein-Main, Wilhelmstr.30, 65193 Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - P Kornherr
- Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken, Ludwig-Erhardt Str. 100, 65199 Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - C Meister
- Gelenkzentrum Rhein-Main, Wilhelmstr.30, 65193 Wiesbaden, Germany
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Kochergin PG, Kornilov NN, Kulyaba TA. THE INFLUENCE OF COMPUTER-ASSISTED SURGERY ON CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC OUTCOMES OF PERIАRTICULAR FEMUR AND TIBIA OSTEOTOMIES IN OSTEOARTHRITIC PATIENTS (REVIEW). TRAUMATOLOGY AND ORTHOPEDICS OF RUSSIA 2017. [DOI: 10.21823/2311-2905-2017-23-1-163-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Kwun JD, Kim HJ, Park J, Park IH, Kyung HS. Open wedge high tibial osteotomy using three-dimensional printed models: Experimental analysis using porcine bone. Knee 2017; 24:16-22. [PMID: 27876267 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional (3D) printed models for open wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) in porcine bone. METHODS Computed tomography (CT) images were obtained from 10 porcine knees and 3D imaging was planned using the 3D-Slicer program. The osteotomy line was drawn from the three centimeters below the medial tibial plateau to the proximal end of the fibular head. Then the osteotomy gap was opened until the mechanical axis line was 62.5% from the medial border along the width of the tibial plateau, maintaining the posterior tibial slope angle. The wedge-shaped 3D-printed model was designed with the measured angle and osteotomy section and was produced by the 3D printer. The open wedge HTO surgery was reproduced in porcine bone using the 3D-printed model and the osteotomy site was fixed with a plate. Accuracy of osteotomy and posterior tibial slope was evaluated after the osteotomy. RESULTS The mean mechanical axis line on the tibial plateau was 61.8±1.5% from the medial tibia. There was no statistically significant difference (P=0.160). The planned and post-osteotomy correction wedge angles were 11.5±3.2° and 11.4±3.3°, and the posterior tibial slope angle was 11.2±2.2° pre-osteotomy and 11.4±2.5° post-osteotomy. There were no significant differences (P=0.854 and P=0.429, respectively). CONCLUSION This study showed that good results could be obtained in high tibial osteotomy by using 3D printed models of porcine legs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dae Kwun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-June Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Park
- Division of Biomedical Science, Kyunpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hyung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Soo Kyung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Yoon SD, Zhang G, Kim HJ, Lee BJ, Kyung HS. Comparison of Cable Method and Miniaci Method Using Picture Archiving and Communication System in Preoperative Planning for Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy. Knee Surg Relat Res 2016; 28:283-288. [PMID: 27894175 PMCID: PMC5134794 DOI: 10.5792/ksrr.16.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose was to compare the accuracy of Miniaci method using picture archiving and communication system (PACS) with a cable method in high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Materials and Methods This study analyzed 47 patients (52 knees) with varus deformity and medial osteoarthritis. From 2007 to 2013, patients underwent HTO using either a cable method (20 knees) or Miniaci method based on a PACS image (32 knees). In the cable method, the 62.5% point of the mediolateral tibial plateau width was located using an electrocautery cord under fluoroscopy (cable group). The Miniaci method used preoperative radiographs to shift the weight bearing axis (PACS group). Full-length lower limb radiographs obtained preoperatively and at the sixth postoperative week were used to compare the percentage of crossing point of the weight bearing line on the tibial plateau with respect to the medial border. Results The weight bearing line on the tibial plateau was corrected from a preoperative 11.0±7.0% to a postoperative 47.2±7.4% in the cable group and from 12.7±4.9% to 59.5±5.3% in the PACS group. The mechanical femorotibial angle was corrected from varus 8.9±3.7° to valgus 0.3±4.0° in the cable group and from varus 9.0±3.3° to valgus 2.9±2.6° in the PACS group. Conclusions In HTO, correction based on the Miniaci method using a PACS was more accurate than correction using the cable method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Dae Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - GuoFeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Hee-June Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byoung-Joo Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hee-Soo Kyung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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Kim TW, Kim BK, Kim DW, Sim JA, Lee BK, Lee YS. The SPECT/CT Evaluation of Compartmental Changes after Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy. Knee Surg Relat Res 2016; 28:263-269. [PMID: 27894172 PMCID: PMC5134792 DOI: 10.5792/ksrr.15.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate compartmental changes using combined single-photon emission computerized tomography and conventional computerized tomography (SPECT/CT) after open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) for providing clinical guidance for proper correction. Materials and Methods Analysis was performed using SPECT/CT from around 1 year after surgery on 22 patients who underwent OWHTO. Postoperative mechanical axis was measured and classified into 3 groups: group I (varus), group II (0°–3° valgus), and group III (>3° valgus). Patella location was evaluated using Blackburne-Peel (BP) ratio. On SPECT/CT, the knee joint was divided into medial, lateral, and patellofemoral compartments and the brighter signal was marked as a positive signal. Results Increased signal activity in the medial compartment was observed in 12 cases. No correlation was observed between postoperative mechanical axis and medial signal increase. Lateral increased signal activity was observed in 3 cases, and as valgus degree increased, lateral compartment’s signal activity increased. Increased signal activity of the patellofemoral joint was observed in 7 cases, and significant correlation was observed between changes in BP ratio and increased signal activity. Conclusions For the treatment of medial osteoarthritis, OWHTO requires overcorrection that does not exceed 3 valgus. In addition, the possibility of a patellofemoral joint problem after OWHTO should be kept in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Won Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gacheon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Byung Kag Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gacheon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dong Whan Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gacheon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jae Ang Sim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gacheon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Beom Koo Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Seuk Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Sadek AF, Osman MK, Laklok MA. Management of combined knee medial compartmental and patellofemoral osteoarthritis with lateral closing wedge osteotomy with anterior translation of the distal tibial fragment: Does the degree of anteriorization affect the functional outcome and posterior tibial slope? Knee 2016; 23:857-61. [PMID: 27401402 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the effect of degree of anterior translation of the distal tibial fragment after lateral closing wedge high tibial osteotomy in patients having combined knee medial compartmental and patellofemoral osteoarthritis. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 64 patients who were operated on for combined knee medial compartmental and patellofemoral osteoarthritis, by lateral closing wedge high tibial osteotomy with anterior translation of the distal tibial fragment. They were divided into two groups; Group I comprising 32 patients (34 knees, mean age of 51.4±7years) whose degree of anterior translation was <1cm and Group II comprising 32 patients (33 knees, mean age of 52.2±8.3years) whose degree of anterior translation was >1.5cm. The final assessment was performed via: visual analog scale, postoperative Knee Society clinical rating system function score, active range of motion, time to union, degree of correction of mechanical axis, posterior tibial slope, and Insall-Salvati ratio. RESULTS Group II patients exhibited statistically superior mean postoperative score and better return to their work than Group I (P=0.013, 0.076, respectively). Both groups showed statistically significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative evaluation parameters (P<0.001). The posterior tibial slope was decreased in both groups but with no significant difference (P=0.527). CONCLUSIONS Lateral closing wedge high tibial osteotomy combined with anterior translation of the distal tibial fragment more than 1.5cm achieved significantly better postoperative functional knee score. Both groups exhibited comparatively decreased posterior tibial slope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F Sadek
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Minia University Hospital, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed K Osman
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Minia University Hospital, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Laklok
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Minia University Hospital, Minia, Egypt.
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McClelland D, Barlow D, Moores TS, Wynn-Jones C, Griffiths D, Ogrodnik PJ, Thomas PBM. Medium- and long-term results of high tibial osteotomy using Garches external fixator and gait analysis for dynamic correction in varus osteoarthritis of the knee. Bone Joint J 2016; 98-B:601-7. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.98b5.34875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In arthritis of the varus knee, a high tibial osteotomy (HTO) redistributes load from the diseased medial compartment to the unaffected lateral compartment. We report the outcome of 36 patients (33 men and three women) with 42 varus, arthritic knees who underwent HTO and dynamic correction using a Garches external fixator until they felt that normal alignment had been restored. The mean age of the patients was 54.11 years (34 to 68). Normal alignment was achieved at a mean 5.5 weeks (3 to 10) post-operatively. Radiographs, gait analysis and visual analogue scores for pain were measured pre- and post-operatively, at one year and at medium-term follow-up (mean six years; 2 to 10). Failure was defined as conversion to knee arthroplasty. Pre-operative gait analysis divided the 42 knees into two equal groups with high (17 patients) or low (19 patients) adductor moments. After correction, a statistically significant (p < 0.001, t-test,) change in adductor moment was achieved and maintained in both groups, with a rate of failure of three knees (7.1%), and 89% (95% confidence interval (CI) 84.9 to 94.7) survivorship at medium-term follow-up. At final follow-up, after a mean of 15.9 years (12 to 20), there was a survivorship of 59% (95% CI 59.6 to 68.9) irrespective of adductor moment group, with a mean time to conversion to knee arthroplasty of 9.5 years (3 to 18; 95% confidence interval ± 2.5). HTO remains a useful option in the medium-term for the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee but does not last in the long-term. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:601–7.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. McClelland
- Royal Stoke University Hospital, Newcastle
Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, UK
| | - D. Barlow
- Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Croesnewydd
Road, Wrexham, LL13 7TD, UK
| | - T. S. Moores
- Royal Stoke University Hospital, Newcastle
Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, UK
| | - C. Wynn-Jones
- Royal Stoke University Hospital, Newcastle
Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, UK
| | - D. Griffiths
- Royal Stoke University Hospital, Newcastle
Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, UK
| | | | - P. B. M. Thomas
- Royal Stoke University Hospital, Newcastle
Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, UK
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Bae DK, Park CH, Kim EJ, Song SJ. Medial cortical fractures in computer-assisted closing-wedge high tibial osteotomy. Knee 2016; 23:295-9. [PMID: 26787119 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the incidence of medial cortical fracture and influence on the loss of the correction angle in computer-assisted closing-wedge high tibial osteotomy. METHODS Using a navigation system, 200 closing-wedge high tibial osteotomies were performed. The correction angle was defined as the difference between the pre- and postoperative medial proximal tibial angles. The change in the medial proximal tibial angle was calculated as the difference between the medial proximal tibial angles two weeks and one year postoperatively. The medial cortical fractures of the osteotomy site were evaluated. Their incidence, risk factors, and influence on the loss of correction angle were analyzed. RESULTS The incidence of non-displaced cortical breakage and displaced cortical fracture was 28.0% and 6.5%, respectively. Medial cortical fracture was more frequent in younger patients and patients with severe preoperative varus deformity. The average correction angle was significantly larger in the displaced cortical fracture group (9.6° vs. 12.7°, p<0.001). The average change in the medial proximal tibial angle in the no fracture, non-displaced cortical breakage, and displaced cortical fracture groups was 0.7°, 1.8°, and 4.4°, respectively (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Medial cortical fracture could not be prevented in all knees, even using the navigation system. The risk of medial cortical fracture and loss of the correction angle was increased, particularly when a greater correction angle is required in young patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Kyung Bae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hee Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung Ju Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Objective: Assess the long-term results of distal femoral varusing osteotomy and try to establish predictive criteria that could help on selecting patients to be submitted to this technique. Methods: Fifteen patients with lateral compartment osteoarthritis and valgus deformity of the knee were submitted to distal femoral “V” varusing osteotomy fixated with lateral plate, pursuing knee alignment at 0° on the anatomical axis. The mean follow-up period was 81.4 months, ranging from 43 to 132 months. The Knee Society Rating System protocol was employed. Additional assessed variables were the following: patient age, follow-up time, and postoperative anatomical angle. Results: 11 results were regarded as excellent or good (73%) and four as fair or poor (27%). Conclusion: Distal femoral “V” varusing osteotomy constitutes a good treatment alternative for patients with lateral compartment osteoarthritis and valgus knee. The following variables have not been confirmed: patient age at the time of surgery, follow-up time, and postoperative anatomical angle as predictive factors for the results.
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