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Allam NM, Abdel-Aal NM, Ali KM, Eladl HM. Effect of sensorimotor training on stability, mobility, and quality of life after lower extremity thermal burns: A prospective randomised controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2025; 39:460-470. [PMID: 39930868 DOI: 10.1177/02692155251318560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2025]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo determine the effect of sensorimotor training on stability, balance, mobility, quality of life, and muscle strength after lower extremity and trunk thermal burns.DesignA prospective, randomised controlled trial.SettingPhysiotherapy outpatient setting.ParticipantsSixty participants with lower extremity and trunk thermal burns, aged 20-50 years, were randomly allocated to either the Sensorimotor Training group or the Control group.InterventionThe Sensorimotor Training group received both a sensorimotor training programme and a traditional physiotherapy programme, while the Control group received only the traditional physiotherapy programme. The intervention was applied three days per week for eight weeks.Outcome measuresThe anteroposterior stability index was the primary outcome, while secondary outcomes included the overall stability index, mediolateral stability index, Timed Up and Go Test, Berg Balance Scale, and the Short Form-36 questionnaire, all measured at baseline and after eight weeks.ResultsSignificant differences were identified between groups after eight weeks, favouring the Sensorimotor Training group. Mean differences (95% CI) between groups were: -0.89 (-1.23, -0.54) for the anteroposterior stability index; 6.67 (4.48, 8.86) for the Berg Balance Scale; -1.7 (-2.82, -0.59) for the Timed Up and Go Test; 11.22 (7.03, 15.40) for knee extensor torque; and 7.98 (4.62, 11.35) for physical function.ConclusionSensorimotor training, when added to a conventional physiotherapy programme, can significantly improve stability, balance, mobility, quality of life, and muscle strength compared to conventional physiotherapy alone in participants with lower extremity and trunk thermal burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesma M Allam
- Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, KSA
| | - Nabil Mahmoud Abdel-Aal
- Department of Physical Therapy for Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khadra M Ali
- Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hadaya Mosaad Eladl
- Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, KSA
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Kuzu Ş, Özüdoğru A, Tuncay F. Effects of External and Internal Focus of Attention Exercises in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Manag Nurs 2025:S1524-9042(25)00123-7. [PMID: 40087089 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2025.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 02/13/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
AIM Balance, physical performance, and functional parameters are adversely affected in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP). The focus of attention can affect balance and performance. Our aim is to compare the effects of focus of attention instructions given to dynamic balance exercises on balance, physical performance, and functional status in individuals with CLBP. DESIGN A randomized controlled trial. METHODS Of 53 individuals with CLBP, 44 individuals who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: the external focus group (EFG) and the internal focus group (IFG). Traditional physiotherapy methods and dynamic balance exercises were applied to both groups. External focus (EF) instructions were given to the EFG, and internal focus (IF) instructions were given to the IFG during the dynamic balance exercises. Participants before and after the treatment were evaluated for pain, functional level, balance, physical performance, and posture. RESULTS The results of the study showed greater improvement in EFG on dynamic balance, fall risk, stability limits, physical performance, posture, spinal mobility, and postural endurance (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that external focusing was more effective than internal focusing on balance, performance, and posture in individuals with CLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şafak Kuzu
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey.
| | - Anıl Özüdoğru
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Figen Tuncay
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Faculty of Medicine, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
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Hsieh RL, Chen YR, Lee WC. Short-term effects of exergaming on patients with chronic low back pain: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2025; 75:103248. [PMID: 39746279 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2024.103248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 11/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exergaming is increasingly popular, but its impact on chronic low back pain (CLBP) remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of exergaming versus traditional exercise for managing CLBP using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. METHODS This single-blind, randomized controlled trial included 70 participants with CLBP, who were assigned to either the exergaming or traditional exercise group. Both groups received 2 weeks of treatment with six sessions. Assessments included the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), range of motion, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), balance (Biodex Stability System), Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), and physical performance tests. RESULTS After six sessions over 2 weeks, the exergaming group showed significant improvements over the exercise group in ODI (p < 0.001), chair-rising time (p = 0.001), stair ascent (p = 0.025) and descent times (p < 0.001), flexion (p = 0.005), extension (p = 0.001), balance (p = 0.012), and FABQ subscales (physical activity: p = 0.003; work: p < 0.001) at the 3-month follow-up. Group × time interaction effects favored exergaming for ODI (p = 0.012), chair-rising (p = 0.045), stair ascent (p = 0.010), and descent (p = 0.002) times. While these changes did not meet clinical significance, exergaming was not inferior to traditional exercise in improving spinal motion, physical performance, fear-avoidance beliefs, and disability. CONCLUSION Exergaming appears to be a viable supplementary therapy for patients with CLBP, offering benefits across all ICF domains. Future studies with longer intervention durations are needed to assess its long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Lan Hsieh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yann-Rong Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zorlular A, Kafa N, Guzel NA. Effects of 6-Week Whole-Body Vibration Training on Isokinetic Trunk Muscle Strength, Postural Stability, and Jump Performance in Female Adults - A Randomized Controlled Trial. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2025:1-9. [PMID: 39889143 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2447502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2025]
Abstract
Current evidence regarding the benefits of Whole-Body Vibration (WBV) on postural stability and jump performance remains inconsistent and to the best of our knowledge, there is no study comparing the effectiveness of different vibration frequencies on trunk muscle strength. This study was conducted to determine the effect of whole-body vibration training with different vibration frequency on isokinetic trunk muscle strength, postural stability and jump performance in physically inactive and minimally active healthy female adults. Forty-five females were randomly assigned to 45 hz WBV group (n = 15), 25 hz WBV (n = 15) group and control exercise group without WBV (0 hz group, n = 15). Individuals in each group completed a 6-week trunk-based exercise program at the specified vibration frequency. Concentric and eccentric strength of trunk flexor and extensor muscles, postural stability and jump performance were assessed before and after the training period. There were significant group by time interactions in concentric and eccentric trunk muscle strength. Interaction effects showed no significant differences in postural stability and vertical jump performance. However, post hoc analyses revealed that all three groups significantly improved vertical jump height. These findings suggest that WBV combined with exercise training were effective to enhance the strength of trunk muscles in physically inactive and minimally active women. Nevertheless, WBV exercise training performed in this study had no significant impact on postural stability and jump performance.Clinical Trials Number: NCT05014958 (Pre-registired).
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Mouhamed HA, Abo-Zaid NA, Khalifa HA, Ali ME, Elserty NS, Behiry MA, Heneidy WE. Efficacy of virtual reality on balance impairment in ataxic cerebral palsy children: randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2024; 60:949-955. [PMID: 39441113 PMCID: PMC11729712 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.24.08617-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with ataxic cerebral palsy have unsteady movements and poor balance. Many therapeutic interventions are used to improve their upper and lower functioning. AIM To assess the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) on balance impairment in ataxic cerebral palsy children. DESIGN RCT. POPULATION Sixty-four children with ataxic cerebral palsy. METHODS Children were randomly assigned into two equal groups with 32 patients in each group. The control group received a specially developed physical therapy program and the VR group received VR training on a Wii balance board in addition to the control group's program. For three successive months the intervention program was implemented three times a week for both groups. Stability indices (overall, anteroposterior, and mediolateral) were measured using the Biodex balance system and Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) at baseline and after three months of intervention for both groups. RESULTS At the beginning of the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). However, following three months of the intervention, there was a statistically significant decline in the stability index scores., as well as a statistically significant improvement in the score of the PBS in both groups with a notable advancement in favor of the VR group (P≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adding VR training on a Wii balance board to a designed physical therapy program has a significant impact on improving balance deficits in ataxic cerebral palsy children. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT VR has a therapeutic effect on improving balance that may result in better and more efficient rehabilitation program of children with ataxic cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanady A Mouhamed
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Nehad A Abo-Zaid
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Badr University in Assiut (BUA), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Heba A Khalifa
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Al-Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed E Ali
- Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery and Burn, Faculty of Physical Therapy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Noha S Elserty
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Benha University, Benha, Egypt -
| | - Mohamed A Behiry
- Department of Physical Therapy for Orthopedics and its Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Walaa E Heneidy
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics and its Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
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França C, Martins F, Lopes H, Marques A, de Maio Nascimento M, Przednowek K, Ihle A, Campos P, Gouveia ÉR. Knee muscle strength, body composition, and balance performance of youth soccer players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:206. [PMID: 39350301 PMCID: PMC11443753 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle strength and balance abilities have been related to game performance injury prevention. This study aimed to (1) assess knee muscle strength performance based on intra- and inter-limb asymmetries, (2) investigate the relationships between knee muscle strength, body composition, and balance, and (3) analyze the variance in the overall stability index (OSI) explained by knee muscle strength indicators after controlling for age and body composition. METHODS The sample included 104 young male soccer players (16.0 ± 1.6 years). Body composition, knee muscle strength, and balance ability were assessed. A paired samples t-test was used to examine differences between the preferred leg (PL) and the non-preferred leg (NPL). Pearson correlations and hierarchical multiple regression were conducted to explore the relationships between strength, body composition, and balance. RESULTS No significant inter-limb asymmetries were detected for the knee flexors (KF) and knee extensors (KE) performance. The hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio does not suggest the existence of intra-limb asymmetries (p = 0.06). Significant and negative correlations were found between KF (r = -0.38, p ≤ 0.01) and KE (r = -0.58, p ≤ 0.01) for the PL. Concerning the NPL, KE also revealed a significant and negative relationship with balance (r = -0.30, p ≤ 0.01). Significant and positive relationships were found between bodyweight, fat-free mass, and balance. After controlling for age and body composition, knee muscle strength could explain between 13% and 30% of the variance observed in the OSI (NPL and PL, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The results underline knee muscle strength as an important predictor of balance. Thus, training programs targeting knee muscle strength development should be considered during the season periodization by coaches and their staff throughout the players' developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia França
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal.
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal.
| | - Francisco Martins
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, CIDAF, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3040-248, Portugal
| | - Helder Lopes
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, 5000- 801, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, CIPER, University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada, Lisboa, 1499-002, Portugal
- Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1649-020, Portugal
| | - Marcelo de Maio Nascimento
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, 56304- 917, Brazil
- Swiss Center of Expertise in Life Course Research LIVES, Carouge, 1227, Switzerland
| | - Krzysztof Przednowek
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, 35-959, Poland
| | - Andreas Ihle
- Swiss Center of Expertise in Life Course Research LIVES, Carouge, 1227, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Carouge, 1227, Switzerland
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Carouge, 1227, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Campos
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal
- Department of Informatics Engineering and Interactive Media Design, University of Madeira, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal
- WoWSystems Informática Lda, Funchal, 9050-100, Portugal
| | - Élvio Rúbio Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, CIPER, University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada, Lisboa, 1499-002, Portugal
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Carouge, 1227, Switzerland
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Yıldız NT, Canlı M, Kocaman H, Kuzu Ş, Valamur İ, Yıldırım H, Alkan H. Validity and Reliability of the Timed 360° Turn Test in Individuals with Ankle Sprain. Indian J Orthop 2024; 58:1145-1152. [PMID: 39087049 PMCID: PMC11286884 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-024-01213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Background The Timed 360° turn test (T-360° TT) was developed to assess balance and turning ability. Although validity and reliability have been performed in different diseases, validity and reliability have not been performed in individuals with ankle sprain (AS). Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the T-360° TT in individuals with AS. Methods The study included 54 individuals with AS. Participants were initially evaluated with T-360° TT, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and Biodex Balance System (BBS). To assess test-retest reliability, the T-360° TT was performed again 5 days after the first measurement by the same assessor. Results At the end of the study, strong positive correlations were found between T-360° TT with TUG test and BBS (p < 0.05). In addition, T-360° TT had excellent test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.87). Conclusion The T-360° TT is a valid and reliable tool for the evaluation of balance and turning ability in individuals with AS. We also think that it can be used practically in clinical settings because it is a test that can be easily and quickly performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazım Tolgahan Yıldız
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Deparment of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Canlı
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Kocaman
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Prosthetics-Orthotics Physiotherapy, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Şafak Kuzu
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - İrem Valamur
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Hasan Yıldırım
- Faculty of Kamil Özdağ Science, Department of Mathematics, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Halil Alkan
- Faculty of Health Science, Deparment of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
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Ardıç FN, Tümkaya F, Atıgan A, Ardıç F. The Effect of Cochlear Implant Stimulation on Postural Control. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 62:1-6. [PMID: 39257035 PMCID: PMC11587520 DOI: 10.4274/tao.2024.2023-12-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective There are contradictory reports on the effect of cochlear implantation on postural control. Associated vestibular loss, electrode insertion trauma, and electrical stimulus of a cochlear implant can influence postural control. This study focused on the electrical stimulation of the cochlea. We aimed to examine whether a cochlear implant's electrical stimulation affects postural control measured by posturography. Methods Thirty-three patients with unilateral cochlear implants were included. We used three preprogrammed main tests and their nine subtests in posturography. Postural stability [general stability index (GSI)], fall risk index (FRI), and sensory integration [modified clinical test of sensory integration of balance (m-CTSIB)] were calculated. All tests were performed under three conditions: implant off (1), implant on (2), and implant on music (3). Results The mean age was 46.29±16.09 years. GSI was above normal limits in 78% of adult cochlear implant users. We found that FRI was high in 30% of patients, and m-CTSIB was defective in 42%. There were no statistically significant differences in GSI, FRI, and m-CTSIB. Cochlear implant stimulation was found to have positively affected postural control when the subject's data were visualized individually. GSI, FRI, and m-CTSIB dropped to 39%, 24%, and 24%, respectively, when music was on. There was a significant correlation between age and fall index. But this correlation disappeared when music was playing. Conclusion Cochlear implant stimulation affected the vestibular system in almost all patients. The effect was positive in most patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazıl Necdet Ardıç
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Türkiye
| | - Funda Tümkaya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Türkiye
| | - Alev Atıgan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Türkiye
| | - Füsun Ardıç
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Türkiye
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Hussein H, Atteya M, Kamel E. Effectiveness of Virtual Reality on Rehabilitation of Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1312. [PMID: 38998847 PMCID: PMC11241556 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12131312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virtual reality (VR) is used extensively for musculoskeletal conditions, but its efficacy in chronic low back pain still needs more investigation. OBJECTIVE To discuss the effectiveness of VR on selected outcomes in Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain (CNSLBP). METHODS Thirty-five patients with CNSLBP joined this study. Postural correction exercises using the TBed VR gaming system in addition to hamstring stretching were employed, and moist heat on the low back was applied. Pre- and post-intervention values of pain, ROM, function, and balance (overall stability index) were obtained using the numerical rating pain scale (NPRS), Oswestry Disability Index, back range of motion (BROM), and Biodex system. Satisfaction level on a 1-10 scale and the degree of commitment to the exercise sessions were assessed after the intervention. RESULTS The patients completed the intervention period and outcome measures sessions. Paired t-tests reported statistically significant improvements and high effect size in pain, ROM, function, and balance after the end of the treatment (p < 0.001, Cohen's d > 0.69). The level of satisfaction was 9.25 ± 0.766, and the commitment to exercise sessions was high (98.75% attendance rate). CONCLUSIONS Applying postural correction using TBed VR gaming in addition to heat and stretching may improve pain, range of motion, function, and balance in patients with chronic low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Hussein
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 55476, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences for Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Atteya
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Kamel
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha'íl, Ha'íl 55476, Saudi Arabia
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Biały M, Kublin K, Wilczyński B, Forelli F, Gnat R. Does Concomitant Meniscectomy or Meniscus Repair Affect Muscle Strength, Lower Extremity Balance, and Functional Tests after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction? J Clin Med 2024; 13:3310. [PMID: 38893022 PMCID: PMC11172927 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: The effects of concomitant meniscal tears and their associated treatment on strength, lower extremity balance, and functional status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) have not been widely investigated. This study aimed to compare the functional outcomes in patients who underwent ACLR with concomitant treatment of the medial meniscus repair versus meniscectomy when returning to unrestricted physical activity. Methods: A total of 85 patients who underwent primary ACLR with combined meniscal repair (MREP; n = 39) or meniscectomy (MRES; n = 46) were assessed. The dataset included the Functional Movement ScreenTM (FMS) outcomes and single-leg balance test (SLBT) with anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and overall stability indexes. Isokinetic knee extension and flexion strengths were tested at velocities of 60 deg·s-1 and 180 deg·s-1. The peak torque-to-body weight ratio (PT/BW) and limb symmetry index (LSI) were calculated. Results: In the functional assessment, there was no significant inter-group difference in the composite score of the FMS (MREP: 15.08 pts vs. MRES: 15.13 pts; p > 0.05). The SLBT outcomes in inter-group and inter-extremity comparisons were irrelevant (p > 0.05), too. Significant differences emerged in the inter-group comparison of the knee extension strength in the non-operated extremity at both 60 deg·s-1 and 180 deg·s-1 (p = 0.02). Inter-extremity differences were significant in both the MREP and MRES groups for knee extension and flexion at both angular velocities (all p values < 0.05). For knee extension, the LSI values ranged from 82% to 87%, and for flexion, from 77% to 84%, with no significant inter-group differences. Conclusions: Patients undergoing ACLR with concomitant meniscal repair or resection did not exhibit differences in isokinetic muscle strength, lower extremity balance, and functional tests upon returning to activity. However, participants in both groups demonstrated significant differences between the operated and non-operated extremities as far as the knee joint extensor and flexor strengths are concerned. Therefore, rehabilitation protocols should prioritize equalizing inter-extremity strength differences after the ACLR with additional treatment procedures addressing the menisci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Biały
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
- Functional Diagnostics Laboratory, Sport-Klinika, Scanmed Sport, 44-240 Żory, Poland
| | - Kamil Kublin
- Motion Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (K.K.); (R.G.)
| | - Bartosz Wilczyński
- Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Florian Forelli
- Orthosport Rehab Center, Sport Rehabilitation Department, 95330 Domont, France;
- Clinic of Domont, Education, Rehabilitation and Research Department, Orthopedic Surgery Department, Ramsay Healthcare, 95330 Domont, France
- SFMKS-Lab, Société Française des Masseurs-Kinésithérapeutes du Sport, 93380 Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, France
| | - Rafał Gnat
- Motion Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (K.K.); (R.G.)
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Al-Nemr A, Kora AN. Effect of core stabilization versus rebound therapy on balance in children with cerebral palsy. Acta Neurol Belg 2024; 124:843-851. [PMID: 38177509 PMCID: PMC11139745 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the effect of core stabilization exercises and rebound therapy on balance in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS Fifty- two children of spastic hemiplegic CP aged 5 up to 8 years from both genders were assigned randomly into two groups: core stability and rebound therapy groups. Both groups received 3 sessions/week, 1.5-h training per session, for 12 successive weeks. The measurement was performed at baseline and post-treatment. Balance as a primary outcome for this study was measured by a Biodex Balance System (BBS), and knee extensor strength and functional capacity as secondary outcomes were assessed using a hand-held dynamometer, and a six-minute walk test (6MWT), respectively. RESULTS All variables showed a significant improvement after intervention in each group (p < 0.0001), with significant improvement in all stability indices (overall, anteroposterior, and mediolateral) in core stability group when compared to rebound therapy group. CONCLUSION Core stability exercises and rebound therapy are recommended in the rehabilitation of children with hemiplegic CP. Core stability exercises were more effective than rebound therapy for balance improvement. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05739396.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Al-Nemr
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, El-Tahrir St., Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Alaa Noureldeen Kora
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Sinai University, East Qantara, Egypt
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12
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Zhao M, Kuan G, Zhou K, Musa RM, Majeed APPA, Kueh YC. Psychometric properties and gender invariance of the 8-item emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ-8) among Chinese university students. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296035. [PMID: 38166088 PMCID: PMC10760882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess emotion regulation strategies in a clear and direct manner, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) was developed based on the process model of emotion regulation. ERQ primarily assesses an individual's propensity for reappraisal (a cognitive change in the individual's psychological state in specific situations) and expressive suppression (a regulatory response where an individual alters their emotional response after the onset of an emotional reaction). Recent studies have suggested that the abbreviated 8-item version of the ERQ exhibits comparable model fit to the original version. The present study aimed to explore the psychometric properties and assess cross-gender invariance of the ERQ-8 in Chinese university students. METHODS University students from Jiangsu Province participated in this study. Participants completed self-report surveys assessing emotion regulation strategies. It was conducted from May 2022 to July 2022. The study employed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess the two-factor model of ERQ-8 and measurement invariance across male and female samples. RESULTS The mean age of 1534 participants was 19.83 years (SD = 1.54), and the majority were female (70.4%). The initial ERQ-10 model with ten items demonstrated good fit for all indicators, CFI (Comparative Fit index) = 0.967, TLI (Tucker-Lewis Index) = 0.957, RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) = 0.043, SRMR (Standardised Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.029. However, to assess the fit of the previously proposed ERQ-8 model, two items (Q1 and Q3) were excluded. The fit of the ERQ-8 model was further improved (CFI = 0.989, TLI = 0.984, RMSEA = 0.029, SRMR = 0.021). All item loadings exceeded or were equal to 0.573. Internal consistency analysis based on the ERQ-8 model revealed Cronbach's alpha values of 0.840 for reappraisal and 0.745 for suppression, and corresponding composite reliability (CR) values of 0.846 and 0.747, respectively. Test-retest reliability, assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (95% CI) within a one-week interval, ranged from 0.537 to 0.679. The correlation coefficient between the two factors was 0.084, significantly below 0.85, which suggested a low correlation between the two factors. The results of the invariance analysis across gender demonstrated that the values of ΔCFI and ΔTLI were both below 0.01. It was supported the gender invariance of the ERQ-8 among university students. CONCLUSION The eight-item ERQ demonstrated validity and reliability in evaluating emotion regulation strategies, and measurement invariance was observed across gender among university students. The ERQ-8 may prove to be a practical and cost-effective tool, particularly in time-constrained situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Zhao
- Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Garry Kuan
- Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ke Zhou
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center of Henan University, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Rabiu Muazu Musa
- Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed
- School of Robotics, XJTLU Entrepreneur College (Taicang), Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yee Cheng Kueh
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Kim JS, Hwang UJ, Chung KS, Yi CH, Choi WJ, Kwon OY. Influence of strength and balance ability on functional performance in the involved and uninvolved sides after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:407-417. [PMID: 37899053 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The restoration and management of the uninvolved side have been emphasized to prevent a second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and to ensure that athletes return to sports after ACL reconstruction. OBJECTIVE To determine the factors influencing the single leg hop test (SLHT) and single leg vertical jump test (SLVJT) at 1 year postoperatively after ACL reconstruction in both the involved and uninvolved sides. METHODS Ninety-four patients who underwent ACL reconstruction were assessed at 1 year postoperatively. Multiple regression models included eight independent variables with two dependent variables (SLHT and SLVJT.), each on the involved and uninvolved side. RESULTS On the involved side, the Y balance test (YBT), extensor peak torque per body weight (PT/BW), Biodex balance system anteroposterior index (BBS-API), and sex accounted for 53.9% of the variance in SLHT (P= 0.002), and extensor PT/BW and YBT accounted for 26.3% of the variance in SLVJT (P= 0.027). On the uninvolved side, YBT, sex, age, BBS-API, and flexor PT/BW accounted for 47.0% of the variance in SLHT (P= 0.046), and flexor PT/BW, YBT, and age accounted for 44.9% of the variance in SLVJT (P= 0.002). CONCLUSION Knee extensor strength on the involved side and flexor strength on the uninvolved side influence the two functional performance tests. The YBT was an important factor in the two functional performance tests in both sides. Anteroposterior stability was the only factor that influenced the SLHT bilaterally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seong Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ilsan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ui Jae Hwang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Kyu Sung Chung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Chung Hwi Yi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Woochol Joseph Choi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Oh Yun Kwon
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
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Ewertowska P, Formella O, Poniatowski Ł, Zielińska A, Krzysztofik M, Czaprowski D. Effect of whole-body vibration on postural stability in young adults with generalized joint hypermobility: A comparative study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:1363-1371. [PMID: 38607750 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-240004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-body vibration (WBV) is being used in rehabilitation and sport. Studies confirm its positive impact on muscle strength and power or regulating muscle hypertension. However, there are some uncertainties regarding its influence on postural stability. This issue seems particularly interesting in the case of individuals with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH), for whom proprioceptive training and muscle strengthening exercises are recommended while techniques that decrease muscle tension are not advised. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the acute effect of WBV on postural stability in adults with GJH. METHODS 60 participants were categorized into the groups: 1) hypermobility with vibration (GJH+WBV), 2) hypermobility without vibration (GJH-WBV), 3) control group with vibration (CTRL+WBV), 4) control group without vibration (CTRL-WBV). The first and the third group completed WBV (frequency: 15 Hz and 30 Hz, amplitude 3 mm, 3 × 3 min). The second and fourth groups participated only in measurement sessions. GJH was assessed using the Beighton test. Postural stability was measured as the overall stability index (OSI) on the Biodex Balance System on the stable and unstable platform with open and closed eyes. Measurements were taken before and after WBV for two weeks. RESULTS At a frequency of 15 Hz, a significant time effect was observed for measurements Before and After in CTRL-WBV on the stable platform with open eyes (p= 0.012) and on the unstable platform with closed eyes (p= 0.000) for the GJH+WBV and CTRL+WBV groups. There were no significant interactions (p> 0.05) between factors. At a frequency of 30 Hz, there was a significant time effect Before and After (p= 0.047) on the stable platform with open eyes, but no interaction was found between factors (p= 0.835). CONCLUSION There is no positive acute effect of WBV on postural stability in adults with and without GJH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Ewertowska
- Department of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Oskar Formella
- Department of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Łukasz Poniatowski
- Department of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Afrodyta Zielińska
- Department of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał Krzysztofik
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Sport Games, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dariusz Czaprowski
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
- Center of Body Posture, Olsztyn, Poland
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15
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Hwang UJ, Kim JS, Kim KY, Chung KS. Machine learning models for predicting return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Physical performance in early rehabilitation. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241299065. [PMID: 39559388 PMCID: PMC11571261 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241299065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/23/2024] [Indexed: 11/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Return to sports (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a crucial surgical success measure. In this study, we aimed to identify the best-performing machine learning models for predicting RTS at 12 months post-ACLR, based on physical performance variables at 3 months post-ACLR. Methods This case-control study included 102 patients who had undergone ACLR. The physical performance variables measured 3 months post-ACLR included the Biodex balance system, Y-balance test, and isokinetic muscle strength test. The RTS outcomes measured at 12 months post-ACLR included the single-leg hop test, single-leg vertical jump test, and Tegner activity score. Six machine learning algorithms were trained and validated using these data. Results Random forest models in the test set best predicted the RTS success based on the single-leg hop test (area under the curve [AUC], 0.952) and Tegner activity score (AUC, 0.949). Gradient boosting models in the test set best predicted the RTS based on the single-leg vertical jump test (AUC, 0.868). Conclusion Modifiable factors should be considered in the early rehabilitation stage after ACLR to enhance the possibility of a successful RTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ui-jae Hwang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Laboratory of KEMA AI Research (KAIR), Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jin-seong Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Laboratory of KEMA AI Research (KAIR), Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Keong-yoon Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-sung Chung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri-si, Republic of Korea
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Darbandi SM, Zarei M, Mohammadi H, Hosseinzadeh M. Investigating the value of balance and proprioception scores to predict lower limb injuries in professional judokas. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21726. [PMID: 38066336 PMCID: PMC10709458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the ability of balance and proprioception screening tests to predict lower limb injuries in professional male judokas. Fifty-three male judokas of the national teams (Mean ± SD, age 18.68 ± 3.08 years, weight 75.34 ± 11.62 kg, height 175.28 ± 7.24 cm) participated in this study. Limits of stability (LOS), single leg stability (SLS), and knee joint position sense (JPS) was recorded as the screening tests before starting the 10 month follow up. Lower limb injury was recorded all through the follow up. Fifteen lower limb sport injuries were recorded for 53 judokas during the follow-up recordings. Significant accuracy of SLS, overall bilateral ratio (AUC 0.646, 95% CI 0.452-0.839, p = 0.046), as well as JPS 60° bilateral ratio (AUC 0.657, 95% CI 0.480-0.834, p = 0.044), and LOS overall (AUC 0.696, 95% CI 0.551-0.840, p = 0.031) were revealed discriminating between injured and uninjured judokas. The optimum cut-off of SLS, overall bilateral ratio, JPS 60° bilateral ratio, and LOS overall associated with belonging to uninjured judokas group was ≤ 1.15%, ≤ 1.09%, and ≤ 1.09 respectively (sensitivity, 0.763, 0.711, 0.789 respectively; specificity, 0.600). Although the absolute unilateral balance and proprioception scores were almost the same between injured and non-injured judokas, the bilateral ratio of both these indices were different between the two groups. Lower limbs bilateral balance and proprioception asymmetries is a more important risk factor than the absolute unilateral balance and proprioception scores for sustaining lower limb injuries in professional male judokas. Medical professionals and coaches are suggested to use these findings as pre-participation screening tools identify injury-prone athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirzad Mian Darbandi
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation and Health, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Zarei
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation and Health, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Mohammadi
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Shomal University, Amol, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Sport Sciences Research Institute, No. 3, 5th Alley, Miremad Street, Motahhari Street, PO Box: 1587958711, Tehran, Iran.
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Aziz HMA, Aziz KSA, Wahab AERHAE, El-Shafei MA. Effect of ovulation on postural sway in association with sex hormone variation across the menstrual cycle in college students: an observational study. BULLETIN OF FACULTY OF PHYSICAL THERAPY 2023; 28:25. [DOI: 10.1186/s43161-023-00136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Poor balance associated with increased postural sway is a risk factor for the high incidence of injuries found during specific menstrual cycle phases. This fact led to the hypothesis that female reproductive hormones affect soft tissue and neuromuscular function, reducing postural balance and resulting in a high injury prevalence among female college students. So, the current study aimed to identify the influence of ovulation in association with sex hormone variation across the menstrual cycle on postural sway in college students.
Material and methods
Forty female college students were enrolled in this study. They were recruited among physical therapy students at Deraya University, New Minya, Egypt. They were aged from 17 to 22 years. They were allocated to a single group. Progesterone and estradiol blood levels were measured to detect the timing of the follicular and luteal phases, and a urine luteinizing hormone (LH) strip test was used to determine when ovulation occurred. The dynamic postural sway index was assessed by using the Biodex Balance system. All measurements were taken on the early follicular (1st–3rd) day, the ovulatory (11th–13th) day, and the mid-luteal phase (21st–23rd) day from the onset of menstruation.
Results
Statistical analysis showed that the anteroposterior, mediolateral, and overall sway index increased significantly during the ovulatory phase compared to the earlier follicular and mid-luteal menstrual cycle phases in female college students (P < 0.05). There was no significant variance between the early follicular and mid-luteal phases (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
It can be concluded that increased female sex hormones during ovulation affect postural sway, which may disturb balance and increase the risk of injuries in college students.
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Mineta S, Fukano M, Hirose N. Less impact absorption at the ankle joint is related to the single-leg landing stability deficit in patients with chronic ankle instability. J Biomech 2023; 149:111509. [PMID: 36841207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Single-leg landing (SLL) stability deficits are common dysfunctions after lateral ankle sprain (LAS), and are associated with reinjury and needs to be addressed. SLL stability deficits could be associated with impact absorption ability. Thus, we evaluated these relationships. We recruited 46 patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and 64 control patients and measured their kinematics, SLL stability, and impact absorption ability. The SLL stability was evaluated by calculating the anterior-posterior stability index (APSI) and medial-lateral stability index (MLSI). The impact absorption ability was evaluated by calculating the energy absorption (EA). The large negative value of the EA indicated the absorption of a large amount of energy. The Japanese version of identification of functional ankle instability (IdFAI-J) score (P < 0.001), MLSI value (P = 0.004), and sagittal plane ankle EA value (less EA at ankle joint) (P < 0.001) were significantly high in CAI, and sagittal plane knee EA value (more EA at knee joint) (P < 0.041) was significantly low in CAI than in the control group. Multiple regression analysis showed that the APSI was associated with sagittal plane ankle EA (β = 0.275, P = 0.004). The MLSI was associated with sagittal plane ankle EA (β = 0.204, P = 0.034) and the idFAI score (β = 0.234, P = 0.015). The SLL stability impairment after LAS was related to decreased impact absorption ability at the ankle joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinshiro Mineta
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mako Fukano
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan; College of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan.
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Zaghlul N, Goh SL, Razman R, Danaee M, Chan CK. Test-retest reliability of the single leg stance on a Lafayette stability platform. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280361. [PMID: 36649257 PMCID: PMC9844846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The validity and reliability of the Lafayette stability platform are well-established for double leg testing. However, no evaluation of single leg (SL) stance on the platform was discovered yet. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the reliability of conducting the SL stance on the Lafayette platform. Thirty-six healthy and active university students (age 23.2 ± 3.2 years; BMI 21.1 ± 3.1 kg/m2) were tested twice, one week apart (week 1; W1, week 2; W2). They stood on their dominant leg with eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) in random order. Three successful trials of 20 seconds each were recorded. The duration during which the platform was maintained within 0° of tilt was referred to as time in balance (TIB). At all-time points, TIB was consistently longer in EO (EOW1: 17.02 ± 1.04s; EOW2: 17.32 ± 1.03s) compared to EC (ECW1: 11.55 ± 1.73s; ECW2: 13.08 ± 1.82s). A ±10 seconds difference was demonstrated in the Bland-Altman analysis in both EO and EC. Lower standard error of measurement (SEM) and coefficient of variation (CV) indicated consistent output. High intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were seen between weeks (EO = 0.74; EC = 0.76) and within weeks (EOW1 = 0.79; EOW2 = 0.86; ECW1 = 0.71; ECW2 = 0.71). Although statistical measures (i.e., SEM, CV, and ICC) indicated good reliability of Lafayette for SL tasks, the wide agreement interval is yet to be clinically meaningful. Factors underlying the wide variation need to be identified before Lafayette is used for TIB assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nureen Zaghlul
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Li Goh
- SEMREG, Sports Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rizal Razman
- Centre for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (RR); (CKC)
| | - Mahmoud Danaee
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chow Khuen Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (RR); (CKC)
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Domaradzki J, Modrzejewska M, Koźlenia D, Zwierko T. Assessment of the Functional Form of the Relationship between Balance Control and Physical Activity Regarding Demographic, Anthropometrical, and Eye Impairment Explanatory Covariates in 9- to 11-Year-Old Children: Results of Polynomial and Cluster Analyses. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1663. [PMID: 36421376 PMCID: PMC9687976 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 04/27/2025]
Abstract
Explaining the causal and functional relationship between balance control and physical activity (PA) when comparing demographic, anthropometric, and eyesight impairment is uncharted. This study aimed to assess the shape of the relationships between balance control and PA and to verify the usefulness of explanatory variables (sex, chronological age, biological age, myopia, and BMI) in explaining the formation of functional forms between both abovementioned variables. The current contribution evaluated data from 9-11-year-old children (47 boys, 58 girls) and attempts to explain the shape of the relationship between the overall stability index and PA synthetic index, sorting children into clusters depending on their balance features and PA and comparing the separated groups in terms of explanatory variables. The analysis demonstrates four larger clusters that displayed distinct functional relationships. Only BMI and myopia turned out to be useful in explaining cluster memberships. Children in clusters with a linear-constant decline functional form were mostly non-myopic girls, thin, and less mature. Meanwhile, it becomes clear that children with an L-shape were myopic, early-maturated boys with a BMI in the middle of the range for normal weight. The pattern of an inverted U-shaped functional form was distinctive for myopes with rather high BMIs compared to their peers but normally matured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Domaradzki
- Unit of Biostructure, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Modrzejewska
- II Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dawid Koźlenia
- Unit of Biostructure, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Zwierko
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Functional and Structural Human Research Center, Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-240 Szczecin, Poland
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Nikooharf Salehi E, Jaydari Fard S, Jaberzadeh S. Mental Fatigue Impairs Postural Stability in Older Adults. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2022:1-8. [PMID: 35363122 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1999892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Postural instability can increase the risk of a fall in older adults. In this study, the impact of mental fatigue on postural stability among healthy older adults was investigated. Method: Participants were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. Postural stability of all participants was tested using the Biodex Balance System (BBS) before and immediately after watching a 30-min documentary program (control group) or completing a 30-min Stroop task (experimental group). Subjective ratings of mental fatigue were measured before and after the Stroop task or watching documentary program. Results: The results indicated that experimental group revealed higher stability scores in the posttest compared to pretest (P ≤ 0.001). However, there were no significant differences for BBS scores between pre and posttest in control group (P = .688). In addition, posttest of subjective ratings of mental fatigue was significantly different between experimental and control groups. Finally, there was also evidence of an association between Visual analog scale and BBS scores in the experimental group (rs = 0.712, P = .002). Conclusions: Mental fatigue caused by Stroop task had a negative impact on postural stability in older adults. This may be due to reduction in attentional resources that was caused by mental fatigue. Thus, mental fatigue could be considered as a risk factor for increased risk of falls in older adults.
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Quantitative Assessment of Sensory Integration and Balance in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9030353. [PMID: 35327725 PMCID: PMC8947293 DOI: 10.3390/children9030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Postural stability is dependent on the interpretation of external inputs acquired by sensory information processes, such as visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems, in order to accomplish neuromuscular control, balance maintenance, and appropriate motor response. A defect in any of these systems, or in the integration of information given by these systems, might threaten their capacity to maintain balance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the sensory integration and balance using the Biodex balance system (BBS) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during the static posture. Seventy-four children from both sexes, 38 with ASD matched with 36 typically developed (TD) children as a control group, were included in the study. Using the Biodex balance system, the postural sway was evaluated through the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration and Balance (m-CTSIB) during quiet standing. In this test, four different situations were considered from standing position: eyes open/firm surface, eyes closed/firm surface, eyes open/foam surface, and eyes closed/foam surface. ASD children showed a significant increase in postural sway under all tested conditions when compared to the TD children group, especially for the conditions in which visual and somatosensory inputs were disrupted (p-value < 0.05). These results provide evidence that postural stability decreased in ASD children. Under static postural challenges, the current study’s findings imply that children diagnosed with ASD have postural control deficiencies, especially for the conditions in which visual and somatosensory input was disrupted. Further research must be conducted to find the best balance training program for ASD cases using the Biodex balance system and considering its impact on motor skills.
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Eid MA, Ibrahim MM, Radwan NL, Aly SM. Effects of vitamin D supplementation and aerobic exercises on balance and physical performance in children with Down syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2020.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims Children with Down syndrome are prone to vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D supplements are commonly used to treat and prevent vitamin D deficiencies. There is growing evidence that support the role of vitamin D improving muscles and central nervous system function. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction effects of vitamin D supplementation combined with aerobic exercises and conventional physical therapy on balance and physical performance in children with Down syndrome. Methods A randomised controlled trial was conducted for 38 children with Down syndrome, with ages ranging from 8 to 12 years. They were divided randomly into two groups. The control group (n=19) received conventional physical therapy and aerobic exercises, while the study group (n=19) received conventional physical therapy, aerobic exercises and vitamin D in the form of an oral daily dose of vitamin D3 400 IU (cholecalciferol). The children in both groups participated in the same physical therapy for 45 minutes, 3 days a week for 12 weeks, and undertook 15 minutes of aerobic exercise after the physical therapy sessions. Balance was evaluated by using the Biodex Stability System and physical performance was evaluated by using the 6-Minute Walk Test. Results All groups showed a significant improvement in the medial-lateral stability index, the anterior-posterior stability index, the overall stability index and the 6-Minute Walk Test after treatment (P<0.05). The study group showed a significant improvement in the measured variables compared with that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Vitamin D supplements, combined with aerobic exercises and conventional physical therapy, could improve balance and physical performance in children with Down syndrome. Therefore, vitamin D and aerobic exercises should be considered as an adjunctive to physical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Eid
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Ibrahim
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia L Radwan
- Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sobhy M Aly
- Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Effect of plantar vibration on static and dynamic balance in stroke patients: a randomised controlled study. Physiotherapy 2022; 116:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Effect of Combined Balance Exercises and Kinesio Taping on Balance, Postural Stability, and Severity of Ankle Instability in Female Athletes with Functional Ankle Instability. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020178. [PMID: 35207466 PMCID: PMC8879431 DOI: 10.3390/life12020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankle sprain is a common musculoskeletal injury, and recurrent ankle sprains often lead to ankle instability. This study aimed to examine whether a 6-week balance training on a wobble board (WB) combined with kinesio taping (KT) is effective in improving balance, postural stability, and ankle stability among female athletes with functional ankle instability (FAI). Twenty-four female athletes with FAI were randomly assigned to study (SG) or control groups (CG). SG attended a 6-week training protocol of combined balance training on the wobble board with KT applied to ankles during exercise. CG only went through a 6-week balance training procedure that was the same as the SG. Before and after the training program, balance and postural stability and the severity of ankle instability were assessed by single-leg Biodex Balance system and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), respectively. The analysis revealed that the scores of balance and postural stability decreased after the 6-week training for CG (p = 0.002) and SG (p = 0.001), which indicates an improvement for these variables, and the score of CAIT increased, which means the severity of instability reduced (p = 0.001 for both groups). Significant between-group differences were found for balance and postural stability (t = 2.79, p = 0.011, g = −1.99) and the severity of instability (t = 2.082, p = 0.049, g = 1.36), favoring SG compared with CG. This study showed that the addition of KT to balance training is more effective than balance training alone in improving balance, postural stability, and severity of ankle instability in female athletes with FAI. Our findings could provide a preliminary reference for designing combined balance and KT programs for delivering health benefits to females with FAI.
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Kim JS, Choi MY, Kong DH, Ha JK, Chung KS. Does a Lower Limb Balance Test after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Have a Significant Correlation with Postoperative Clinical Score, Stability, and Functional Performance Test? Clin Orthop Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.4055/cios21218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seong Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medical Center and Sports Medical Research Institute, Seoul Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Young Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medical Center and Sports Medical Research Institute, Seoul Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Hwan Kong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medical Center and Sports Medical Research Institute, Seoul Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Ku Ha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medical Center and Sports Medical Research Institute, Seoul Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Sung Chung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medical Center and Sports Medical Research Institute, Seoul Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
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Effect of Combined Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise Protocols on the Postural Stability of Patients with Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain. A Secondary Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010084. [PMID: 35011823 PMCID: PMC8745098 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Postural stability is a little-studied factor in non-specific chronic neck pain; the causes that can alter it are unknown. The relationship with chronic pain could be a determining factor for its deficit. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sustained pain and a postural stability deficit. A randomized and blinded clinical trial (double-blind; placebo control; 12 weeks follow-up) was conducted with a total of 69 subjects divided into three groups, two experimental (manual therapy and specific exercise) and a control treatment, and carried out over a treatment period of three weeks with a follow-up after 12 weeks. Their postural stability was assessed through the overall balance index (OBI). The postural stability of subjects with non-specific chronic neck pain improved in the experimental treatments. There were no statistically significant differences between the experimental groups. This trial found that manual therapy and therapeutic exercise significantly improved OBI compared to the control group. Trial registration: Brazilian Clinical Trial Registry, RBR-2vj7sw.
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The Temporal Pattern of Recovery in Directional Dynamic Stability Post Football-Specific Fatigue. J Sport Rehabil 2021; 30:1047-1052. [PMID: 34050039 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2020-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rising injury rates within football require further understanding of the etiological risk factors associated with lower-limb injury. AIM To examine the temporal pattern of recovery of directional dynamic stability measures post football-specific fatigue. METHODS Eighteen male elite footballers completed baseline assessments of directional dynamic stability measures (Overall Stability Index, anterior-posterior stability [A-P], medial-lateral stability [M-L] on level 1 of the Biodex Stability System). Post Soccer-Specific Aerobic Field Test90 measures were repeated immediately, +24 hours, +48 hours, and +72 hours. The main effects for the recovery time and direction of stability were supplemented by regression modeling to describe the temporal pattern of recovery. RESULTS Significant main effects for time were identified for all directions of stability (Overall Stability Index, A-P, and M-L) up to +48 hours postexercise (P ≤ .05). The quadratic pattern of temporal recovery highlights a minimum of 37.55 to 38.67 hours and maximum of 75.09 to 77.33 hours. Additionally, a main effect for direction of stability was observed, with significant differences identified between A-P and M-L stability at all time points (P ≤ .001). CONCLUSIONS Reductions in directional dynamic stability +48 hours postfatigue highlight implications for training design, recovery strategies, and injury management for performance practitioners. Interestingly, A-P stability has been highlighted as being significantly reduced compared with M-L stability at all time points, regardless of the fatigue exposure. Practitioners should consider the reduction of stability in this plane in relation to common mechanisms of injury in the knee to inform injury-risk-reduction strategies.
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Fascial therapy, strength exercises and taping in soccer players with recurrent ankle sprains: A randomized controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 27:256-264. [PMID: 34391242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recurrent ankle sprains are common in soccer players, characterized by restricted range of motion, pain, and decreased proprioception, strength, and postural control. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a fascial therapy and strength training program, combined with kinesiotaping, in improving ankle range of motion, pain, strength and stability in footballers with recurrent sprains. METHOD A simple blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on soccer players. Thirty-six federated footballers were recruited and randomized to the two study groups. The experimental group received an intervention using myofascial techniques applied to the subastragaline joint, eccentric training with an isoinertial device and neuromuscular taping. The control group was administered an intervention using myofascial techniques on the subastragaline joint and eccentric training with an isoinertial device. The results were recorded for all players at baseline, after 4 weeks of intervention, and at the end of the 4-week follow-up period. RESULTS Subsequent to intervention and follow-up, we found statistically significant improvements in the experimental group in ankle mobility, strength and stability. The control group exhibited improvements in all study variables. No differences in the improvement of variables were found based on the allocation of athletes to one group or another. CONCLUSION The combination of fascial therapy and eccentric strength training with an isoinertial device improves ankle mobility, strength and stability in footballers with recurrent ankle sprains. The use of taping techniques failed to provide a greater improvement of the study variables when combined with manual therapy and strength techniques.
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Carrick FR, Pagnacco G, Hunfalvay M, Azzolino S, Oggero E. Head Position and Posturography: A Novel Biomarker to Identify Concussion Sufferers. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10121003. [PMID: 33348759 PMCID: PMC7766169 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10121003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Balance control systems involve complex systems directing muscle activity to prevent internal and external influences that destabilize posture, especially when body positions change. The computerized dynamic posturography stability score has been established to be the most repeatable posturographic measure using variations of the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration in Balance (mCTSIB). However, the mCTSIB is a standard group of tests relying largely on eyes-open and -closed standing positions with the head in a neutral position, associated with probability of missing postural instabilities associated with head positions off the neutral plane. Postural stability scores are compromised with changes in head positions after concussion. The position of the head and neck induced by statically maintained head turns is associated with significantly lower stability scores than the standardized head neutral position of the mCTSIB in Post-Concussion Syndrome (PCS) subjects but not in normal healthy controls. This phenomenon may serve as a diagnostic biomarker to differentiate PCS subjects from normal ones as well as serving as a measurement with which to quantify function or the success or failure of a treatment. Head positions off the neutral plane provide novel biomarkers that identify and differentiate subjects suffering from PCS from healthy normal subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Robert Carrick
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- Department of Health Professions Education, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Research, Centre for Mental Health Research in Association with University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 9AJ, UK
- Department of Neurology, Carrick Institute, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920, USA; (G.P.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (E.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Guido Pagnacco
- Department of Neurology, Carrick Institute, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920, USA; (G.P.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (E.O.)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Melissa Hunfalvay
- Department of Neurology, Carrick Institute, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920, USA; (G.P.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (E.O.)
| | - Sergio Azzolino
- Department of Neurology, Carrick Institute, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920, USA; (G.P.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (E.O.)
| | - Elena Oggero
- Department of Neurology, Carrick Institute, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920, USA; (G.P.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (E.O.)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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Karartı C, Özüdoğru A, Basat HÇ, Özsoy İ, Özsoy G, Kodak Mİ, Sezgin H, Uçar İ. Determination of Biodex Balance System Cutoff Scores in Older People With Nonspecific Back Pain: A Cross-sectional Study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2020; 44:85-94. [PMID: 33248744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine cutoff scores for the Biodex Balance System (BBS) and verify if they could be used to discriminate older people with nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) with poor postural performance from those with good postural performance. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 52 participants with NSLBP older than 65 years. One level of stability (level 5; intraclass correlation ≥0.70) and 2 conditions (eyes open and eyes closed) were selected for the testing procedure. Anterior-posterior stability index (APSI), medial-lateral stability index (MLSI), and overall stability index (OSI) scores were calculated. The participants were classified into 2 groups: high risk of falling and low risk of falling. Both the receiver operating characteristic and the area under the curve were used to determine the best BBS cutoff values. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the ability of BBS scores to predict risk of falling. RESULTS BBS cutoff scores in the eyes-open condition (APSI = 2.60, MLSI = 1.95, OSI = 2.95) and eyes-closed condition (APSI = 3.05, MLSI = 2.17, OSI = 3.25) were found to be sensitive and specific in determining postural performance. Participants with index values lower than the cutoff scores had, respectively, 6.42, 4.20, and 3.72 times lower risk of falling in the eyes-open condition and 3.33, 5.50, and 3.00 times lower risk of falling in the eyes-closed condition. The predictive characteristics of the models for risk analysis were excellent and good to excellent. CONCLUSION Our study shows that BBS cutoff scores are sensitive and specific in distinguishing between poor and good postural performance in older people with NSLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caner Karartı
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey.
| | - Anıl Özüdoğru
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Hakkı Çağdaş Basat
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - İsmail Özsoy
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Özsoy
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Muhammed İhsan Kodak
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Hicabi Sezgin
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - İlyas Uçar
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
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Lin YT, Lee WC, Hsieh RL. Active video games for knee osteoarthritis improve mobility but not WOMAC score: A randomized controlled trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2020; 63:458-465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Physical, physiological and psychological profiles of elite Turkish taekwondo athletes. BIOMEDICAL HUMAN KINETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/bhk-2020-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Study aim: To identify the physical, physiological and psychological profiles of elite Turkish taekwondo athletes.
Material and methods: Twelve players of the Turkish national taekwondo team (age = 22.7 ± 2.8 years, BMI = 22.2 ± 1.4 kg/m2, body fat = 12.8 ± 3.4%) participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements including leg length and foot size were assessed. Maximal oxygen uptake, explosive power of leg extensors, isokinetic peak torque, muscular endurance, anaerobic power, agility, flexibility, maximal speed, reaction time, and postural balance were examined by incremental treadmill running, vertical jump, isokinetic strength, sit-ups and push-ups, Wingate, shuttle run, sit-and-reach, 30-meter sprint, multiple-choice reaction time, and General Postural Stability and Athlete Single Leg stability tests, respectively. Psychological characteristics including mental skills and mood states were evaluated using OMSAT-3 and POMS tests.
Results: VO2max, isokinetic peak torque and Wingate test mean power values were 54.1 ± 4.4 mL ∙ kg−1 ∙ min−1, 191.7 ± 19.2 N ∙ m, and 9 ± 0.7 W/kg, respectively. Postural stability index 0.18 ± 0.06, single leg stability index 0.82 ± 0.11, reaction time 0.344 ± 0.032 s, 10 × 5-m shuttle run 17.09 ± 0.68 s, 30-meter sprint 4.60 ± 0.23 s, and vertical jump 43.5 ± 6.1 cm were the other values reported. The highest scores for the 12 mental skills in OMSAT-3 were for goal setting (6.25 ± 0.45) and self-confidence (6.16 ± 0.45). The lowest score was for Imagery (5.64 ± 0.36). The results of six mood states of POMS showed higher scores on the Vigor-activity, Anger-Hostility and Tension-Anxiety scales and lower scores on Depression-Dejection, Fatigue-Inertia and Confusion-Bewilderment than norms.
Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed the physical, physiological, and psychological characteristics in taekwondo. The results of the tests could be useful for performance assessment of taekwondo players.
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Rhodes D, Leather M, Birdsall D, Alexander J. The Effect of Proprioceptive Training on Directional Dynamic Stabilization. J Sport Rehabil 2020; 30:248-254. [PMID: 32369761 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2019-0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Significant loss of playing time and the impact of treatment costs due to lower limb injury in football demonstrates a need for improved protocols for injury risk reduction. The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of a proprioceptive training program on the lower limb dynamic stability of elite footballers. METHODS A total of 16 elite premier league footballers were randomly allocated by matched pair design to a 8-week proprioception training group (group A, n = 8) or nontraining group (group B, n = 8), to determine the effect of this training over a 16-week period. Group A completed 8 weeks of bilateral proprioceptive training, 5 times per week for 10 minutes. The Biodex Stability System measures of overall stability index, anterior-posterior (A-P), and medial-lateral stability (M-L) at levels 8-6-4-1 were taken for both groups at baseline, 4, 8, and 16 weeks. Main effects of time, level of stability, and direction of stability were determined, with comparisons of effect made between the 2 groups. RESULTS The training group displayed significant differences for multidirectional stability at week 8 (P ≤ .05). The A-P stability within the training group displayed significant differences between baseline measures and 16 weeks (P > .05), with significant increases in scores displayed for M-L and A-P stability between weeks 8 and 16 (P ≤ .05), representing a detraining effect. No significant differences were detected at any time point for the nontraining group (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Proprioceptive training over 8 weeks has a positive effect on all directions of stability. Greater declines in A-P stability were evident at 16 weeks when compared with M-L and overall stability index. Consideration must be given to the increased stability scores presented pretesting for A-P when compared with M-L. Findings of this work present implications for training design.
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Ankle strength is not strongly associated with postural stability in patients awaiting surgery for chronic lateral ankle instability. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:326-333. [PMID: 29704114 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-4960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE (1) To describe ankle strength and postural stability in patients with chronic lateral ankle instability and (2) to analyse the correlation between deficits in ankle strength and postural stability. METHODS Results of preoperative isokinetic and balance tests in 203 patients whose contralateral ankle was normal were retrospectively reviewed. Isokinetic peak torque values of eversion and inversion at 2 angular velocities (30°/s and 120°/s) were measured in the injured and normal ankles. In the balance test, the percent differences of 3 actual scores (overall, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral) between the injured and normal ankles were calculated. Additional statistical analyses were performed to evaluate weakness of ankle strength, postural stability deficits, and their correlation. RESULTS Significant differences in 4 peak torque values and 4 relative peak torque values (peak torque/body weight) were found between the injured and normal ankles. All 8 values were significantly lower in the injured ankles. Weakness was severe during inversion and at 30°/s. In the balance test, 49 subjects (24.1%) had significant deficits in postural stability and 109 (53.7%) had favourable results. No strong association was found between weakness of ankle strength and deficits in postural stability. CONCLUSIONS Strength measurement alone is insufficient to evaluate preoperative functional deficits, and other functional tests are required to measure postural stability. The results of this study provide further evidence for a rehabilitation programme consisting of proprioceptive training as well as strengthening. The proprioceptive training must be an integral part of the rehabilitation programme in addition to strengthening exercise. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Case series, Level IV.
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Huynh B, Tacker R, Hung YJ. Active ankle position sense and single-leg balance in runners versus non-runners. Physiother Theory Pract 2019; 37:1429-1437. [PMID: 31793354 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2019.1698084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Ankle sprain is one of the most common injuries in collegiate athletes, including runners. The purpose of the study was to examine whether runners exhibited compromised ankle stability, ankle position sense, and single-leg balance.Methods: Thirty-seven individuals (21 non-runners and 16 runners) participated in the study. To be included in the runner group, subjects were required to run greater than 150 minutes per week for the past three months. We used the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) to categorize ankle stability, and we used a dual-axis electronic goniometer to examine active ankle position sense. We examined single-leg balance with the Athletic Single Leg Stability Test of the Biodex Balance System using three different protocols: 1) default setting, 2) no extrinsic visual feedback, and 3) no extrinsic feedback with a cognitive demand.Results: Runners and non-runners had similar ankle stability (CAIT = 26.88 and 26.45 respectively; p = .666). Although runners had significantly larger ankle position errors than non-runners overall (2.56° vs. 1.68°; p = .004), they had better single-leg balance than non-runners without extrinsic visual feedback (Stability Index 1.67 vs. 4.39; p < .001), even with an added cognitive loading (Stability Index 2.18 vs. 4.32; p < .001).Conclusions: For runners, having worse ankle position sense did not compromise ankle stability, nor contribute to single-leg balance deficits. Runners may have established better motor control to maintain their single-leg balance and ankle stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Huynh
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
| | - Ryan Tacker
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
| | - You-Jou Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
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Taş S, Ünlüer NÖ, Çetin A. Thickness, cross-sectional area, and stiffness of intrinsic foot muscles affect performance in single-leg stance balance tests in healthy sedentary young females. J Biomech 2019; 99:109530. [PMID: 31785820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thickness, cross-sectional area and stiffness of intrinsic foot muscles on performance in single-leg stance balance tasks in healthy sedentary young females. This study included a total of 40 healthy sedentary young females between the ages of 19 and 35 years. Single-leg stance balance assessments were carried out using Biodex Balance Systems (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, NY, USA). Performance in the single-leg stance balance tests was assessed using the overall stability index (OSI), mediolateral stability index (MLSI) and the anteroposterior stability index (APSI). Lower scores indicated better postural stability. Stiffness, thickness and cross-sectional area measurements of the abductor hallucis (AbH), flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) and flexor hallucis brevis (FHB) muscles were performed using an ultrasonography device. Larger AbH and FHB muscles were correlated with higher OSI, APSI, and MLSI (r = 0.31-0.46, p < 0.05), whereas larger FDB muscle was correlated with higher OSI and MLSI (r = 0.28-0.38, p < 0.05). Higher stiffness of the AbH and FHB muscles were correlated with lower OSI, APSI, and MLSI (r = -0.32 to 0.58, p < 0.05), but stiffness of the FDB muscle was not significantly correlated with OSI, APSI, and MLSI (r = 0.03-0.22, p ˃ 0.05). These results suggest that larger AbH, FDB and FHB muscles are related to reduced performance in single-leg stance balance tests, whereas higher AbH and FHB stiffness are related to better performance in single-leg stance balance tests in healthy sedentary young females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Taş
- Toros University, School of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 33140 Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Nezehat Özgül Ünlüer
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 06010 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alp Çetin
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
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Cha JH, Kim NH, Cha YJ. Effect of proprioceptive stimulation induced by footplate during center of pressure movement tracking training on the balance abilities of patients with chronic hemiplegic stroke: a randomized, controlled, pilot study. Top Stroke Rehabil 2019; 27:38-43. [PMID: 31480897 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2019.1661699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Balance requires highly complex interactions involving muscle strength, joint flexibility, visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive senses.Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the effects of COP (center of pressure) movement tracking training conducted using the Biodex Balance System SD® in static and dynamic modes on balance ability in stroke patients.Methods: Twenty-six stroke patients were randomly assigned to a control group (COP movement tracking training in static mode ; stable; n = 13 or an experimental group (COP movement tracking training in dynamic mode; unstable; n = 13). Both groups underwent neurodevelopmental therapy followed by an additional 15 min of COP movement training three times a week for 6 consecutive weeks. The timed-up and go test, COP pathway velocity, COP pathway length, and limit of stability were measured before and after intervention.Results: The experimental group showed greater reductions in COP pathway length and COP pathway velocity than the control group (5%, F (1, 24) = 6.125, p = .021, η2 = .203; 5.4%, F (1, 24) = 6.661, p = .016, η2 = .217, respectively). No significant intergroup difference was observed for the timed-up and go test or limit of stability results.Conclusion: COP movement tracking training in dynamic mode was found to be a more effective intervention for improving the static balancing abilities of stroke patients than training in static mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyeong Cha
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan-Hyang Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jun Cha
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Medical Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Minoonejad H, Barati AH, Naderifar H, Heidari B, Kazemi AS, Lashay A. Effect of four weeks of ocular-motor exercises on dynamic visual acuity and stability limit of female basketball players. Gait Posture 2019; 73:286-290. [PMID: 31398634 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Visual skills are an integral part of most daily activities and an effective indicator of the functional ability of athletes, particularly in the fields of dynamic sports like basketball. Despite the important role of vision and effect of ocular exercises on functional skills in athletes, a few studies have been conducted in this regard. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of ocular-motor exercises on dynamic visual acuity and stability limit of female basketball players. METHODS In this semi-experimental study 30 club elite female basketball players aged between 18 and 24 years, with at least three years of specialized basketball experience, were randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups. The athletes in the intervention group participated in the designed four-week program (six sessions per week) of the oculo_motor exercises. The control group did just their own daily routine exercises. The limit of stability was measured by the Biodex balance system SD and dynamic visual acuity was measured by the PowerPoint, which is for detecting dynamic visual acuity. Also, the SPSS software version 19 was used to analyze the data by using descriptive statistics methods: independent t and Paired t tests, at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The results showed that doing four weeks of the oculo_motor exercises led to a significant increase in the overall stability index (OSI) from 28/66 ± 7/23 to 51/60 ± 6/38 (p = 0.001), as well as in dynamic visual acuity from 29/73 ± 4/19 to 56/20 ± 8/81(p < 0.001); in the intervention group, these changes were also statistically significant in comparison with the control group and before doing the exercise protocol (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION According to the obtained results, the oculo_motor exercises can be used to enhance the limit of stability and dynamic visual acuity in basketball players and other dynamic sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Minoonejad
- Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Barati
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Iran; Department of Health and Exercise Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran, Iran.
| | - Homa Naderifar
- Vice chancellor for Research and technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bijan Heidari
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Besat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Shamloo Kazemi
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Department of Sports pathology and Corrective Exercises
| | - Alireza Lashay
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fu GQ, Wah YC, Sura S, Jagadeesan S, Chinnavan E, Judson JPE. Influence of rearfoot alignment on static and dynamic postural stability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2018. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2018.25.12.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims: It has been postulated that foot alignment affects postural stability. However, previous studies reported contradicting results regarding the association between foot alignment and postural stability. Methods: A total of 216 healthy participants aged 15 to 24 years were recruited. Their rearfoot alignment was measured in non-weight bearing and weight-bearing positions. Their static balance was assessed using Balance Error Scoring System and dynamic balance by Star Excursion Balance Test. The relationship between the data obtained were analysed using SPSS version 22 software. Findings: A Pearson correlation with a 95% confidence interval reported that there was: (i) no significant difference in the rearfoot alignment between both genders; (ii) no significant relationship between the rearfoot alignment measured in prone lying and unilateral stance position; (iii) a weak negative correlation between the rearfoot alignment measured in prone lying position to dynamic balance on medial, posterior, lateral, anterolateral and posteromedial direction; (iv) no significant relationship between the rearfoot alignment measured in unilateral stance position to both static and dynamic postural balance. Conclusions: Rearfoot alignment measured in non-weight bearing position plays some role in postural stability and therefore should be considered in sports rehabilitation. However, this can be overlooked in rehabilitation for individuals whose postural stability is not the primary concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Quan Fu
- Lecturer, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Yu Chye Wah
- Associate Professor, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Asian Institute of Medicine Science and Technology, Bedong, Malaysia
| | - Sreenivasulu Sura
- Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Saravanan Jagadeesan
- Assistant Professor, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Elanchezhian Chinnavan
- Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Asian Institute of Medicine Science and Technology, Bedong, Malaysia
| | - John Paul Evangel Judson
- Professor, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
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Dawson N, Dzurino D, Karleskint M, Tucker J. Examining the reliability, correlation, and validity of commonly used assessment tools to measure balance. Health Sci Rep 2018; 1:e98. [PMID: 30623052 PMCID: PMC6295615 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Biodex SD Stability System has been shown to be a reliable assessment tool for postural stability. However, its ability to provide an accurate representation of balance has not been compared with functional performance measures such as the four-square step test (FSST) and timed-up-and-go test (TUG). The purpose of this study was to investigate reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity of FSST, TUG, and Biodex SD (limits of stability [LOS] and modified Clinical Test of Sensory Organization and Balance [m-CTSIB]). METHODS An observational reliability and validity study was conducted. A convenience sample of 105 healthy adults, 77 females and 28 males, mean age 24.5 years old (± 4.66 SD) performed balance assessments including the FSST, TUG, Biodex SD LOS, and m-CTSIB. For LOS, the overall percentage and test duration were recorded. For m-CTSIB, the overall Sway Index was recorded. Condition 1 of the m-CTSIB represented simple postural stability. RESULTS The Biodex SD LOS overall percentage, TUG, and FSST showed strong to excellent test-retest reliability (ICC [3, 1] = .83 [mean 1: 58.14, mean 2: 60.54], .88 [mean 1: 6.98 seconds, mean 2: 6.91 seconds], .92 [mean 1: 6.29 seconds, mean 2: 6.14 seconds], respectively), while the Biodex SD m-CTSIB overall percentage demonstrated strong test-retest reliability (ICC [3, 1] = .75 [mean 1: 1.18, mean 2: 1.18]). The LOS test duration showed moderate test-retest reliability (ICC [3, 1] = .58 [mean 1: 38.55 seconds, mean 2: 37.10 seconds]), while the m-CTSIB condition 1 showed poor test-retest reliability (ICC [3, 1] = .24 [mean 1: 0.63, mean 2: 0.66]). Weak construct validity was found between TUG, FSST, and Biodex SD measures of LOS and m-CTSIB (r values = -0.15-0.22). CONCLUSION It is suggested that clinicians use more than one measure to assess different aspects of a patient's balance deficits to better guide treatment and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Dawson
- Division of Physical Therapy, School of Kinesiology and Physical TherapyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA
| | - Darcy Dzurino
- Division of Physical Therapy, School of Kinesiology and Physical TherapyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA
| | - Melissa Karleskint
- Division of Physical Therapy, School of Kinesiology and Physical TherapyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA
| | - Jennifer Tucker
- Division of Physical Therapy, School of Kinesiology and Physical TherapyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA
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Taş S, Bek N. Effects of morphological and mechanical properties of plantar fascia and heel pad on balance performance in asymptomatic females. Foot (Edinb) 2018; 36:30-34. [PMID: 30326350 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Personal differences in morphological and mechanical properties of plantar fascia and heel fat pad may be an important parameter regarding an individual's balance performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thickness and stiffness of heel fat pad and plantar fascia on balance performance in asymptomatic sedentary females. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was carried out on 37 asymptomatic sedentary females between the ages of 19 and 35 years. Balance assessments during single-leg standing were carried out using Biodex Balance Systems (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, NY, USA). In this study, the individuals' balance performance was assessed using the center of balance (COB) parameters, which were the standard deviation of the COB amplitude in the anterior-posterior (AP_SD) and medial-lateral (ML_SD) directions. Stiffness and thickness measurements of heel fat pad and plantar fascia were performed using an ACUSON S3000 Ultrasound System and a 9L4 probe (4-9MHz) (Siemens Medical Solution, Mountain View, CA, USA). RESULTS AP_SD during single-leg standing tests had a moderate correlation with heel pad thickness (r=0.46, p=0.004) and heel pad stiffness (r=0.41, p=0.011), and a fair correlation with plantar fascia thickness (r=0.34, p=0.038) and plantar fascia stiffness (r=0.38, p=0.021). ML_SD during single-leg standing tests had a moderate correlation with heel pad thickness (r=0.41, p=0.013) and heel pad stiffness (r=0.53, p=0.001), and a fair correlation with plantar fascia thickness (r=0.40, p=0.015). CONCLUSION It was found that higher plantar fascia and heel fat pad stiffness and thickness are related to higher postural sway in anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions based on the single-leg balance tests. These results suggest that the morphological and mechanical properties of plantar fascia and heel fat pad play an important role in balance performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Taş
- Hacettepe University, Beytepe Hospital, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nilgün Bek
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
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Akizuki K, Echizenya Y, Kaneno T, Yabuki J, Ohashi Y. Dynamic balance assessment using an unstable board in community-dwelling elderly people. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:1086-1091. [PMID: 30154605 PMCID: PMC6110225 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] A new method for measuring dynamic balance was developed. The aim of this
study was to describe the use of a novel “unstable board” to evaluate the balance ability
of community-dwelling elderly individuals. [Participants and Methods] The following
balance outcomes were evaluated in 59 community-dwelling elderly people: anteroposterior
and mediolateral stability indexes on the unstable board, Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems
Test score, the Functional Reach Test score, Timed Up-and-Go time, and the Figure-8 Walk
Test time. [Results] With respect to the relationship between the stability indexes and
functional balance scales, the anteroposterior stability index significantly correlated
with the anticipatory postural adjustment component (r=−0.422), stability
in the gait component (r=−0.274), and total score of the Mini-Balance
Evaluation Systems Test (r=−0.316); timed up-and-go time
(r=0.320); and figure-8 walk test time (r=0.340). No
correlation was found between the mediolateral stability index and the functional balance
scale scores. [Conclusion] The anteroposterior stability index correlated with the
declines in postural adjustments and performance in the dynamic balance assessments.
Therefore, the anteroposterior stability index, evaluated on an unstable board, could
provide an efficient tool for predicting changes in dynamic balance capacity, which could
not be identified using the most commonly used balance assessment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Akizuki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe International University: 9-1-6 Koyouchou, Higashinada-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 658-0032, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuya Kaneno
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mejiro University, Japan
| | - Jun Yabuki
- Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Japan
| | - Yukari Ohashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Japan
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Test-retest reliability of knee extensor rate of velocity and power development in older adults using the isotonic mode on a Biodex System 3 dynamometer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196838. [PMID: 29723252 PMCID: PMC5933798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Isotonic testing and measures of rapid power production are emerging as functionally relevant test methods for detection of muscle aging. Our objective was to assess reliability of rapid velocity and power measures in older adults using the isotonic mode of an isokinetic dynamometer. Sixty-three participants (aged 65 to 82 years) underwent a test-retest protocol with one week time interval. Isotonic knee extension tests were performed at four different loads: 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% of maximal isometric strength. Peak velocity (pV) and power (pP) were determined as the highest values of the velocity and power curve. Rate of velocity (RVD) and power development (RPD) were calculated as the linear slopes of the velocity- and power-time curve. Relative and absolute measures of test-retest reliability were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) and Bland-Altman analyses. Overall, reliability was high for pV, pP, RVD and RPD at 0%, 25% and 50% load (ICC: .85 - .98, SEM: 3% - 10%). A trend for increased reliability at lower loads seemed apparent. The tests at 75% load led to range of motion failure and should be avoided. In addition, results demonstrated that caution is advised when interpreting early phase results (first 50ms). To conclude, our results support the use of the isotonic mode of an isokinetic dynamometer for testing rapid power and velocity characteristics in older adults, which is of high clinical relevance given that these muscle characteristics are emerging as the primary outcomes for preventive and rehabilitative interventions in aging research.
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Palmer TB, Agu-Udemba CC, Palmer BM. Acute effects of static stretching on passive stiffness and postural balance in healthy, elderly men. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2018; 46:78-86. [PMID: 29286882 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1421396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the acute effects of straight-leg raise (SLR) static stretching on passive stiffness and postural balance in healthy, elderly men. An additional aim of this study was to examine the relationships between stiffness and balance at baseline (prior to stretching) and the relationships between the stretch-induced changes in these variables. METHODS Eleven elderly men (age = 69 ± 6 years; height = 177 ± 7 cm; mass = 83 ± 13 kg) underwent postural balance and passive stiffness assessments before and after: 1) a stretching treatment consisting of four, 15-s SLR static stretches performed by the primary investigator and 2) a control treatment consisting of no static stretching. Passive stiffness was calculated from the slopes of the initial (phase 1) and final (phase 2) portions of the angle-torque curve. Unilateral postural balance was assessed on the right leg using a commercially designed balance testing device, which provides a measurement of static stability based on the overall stability index (OSI). RESULTS The slope coefficients and OSI values decreased from pre- to post-treatment for the stretching intervention (P = 0.015 and 0.018, respectively); however, there were no changes for the control (P = 0.654 and 0.920). For the stretching intervention, a significant positive relationship was observed between OSI and the slope coefficient of phase 1 at baseline (r = 0.619; P = 0.042). A significant positive relationship was also observed between the stretched-induced changes in OSI and the slope coefficient of phase 1 (r = 0.731; P = 0.011). No relationship was observed between OSI and the slope coefficient of phase 2 at baseline (r = 0.262; P = 0.437) nor was there a relationship between the changes in these variables (r = 0.419; P = 0.200). CONCLUSION A short, practical bout of SLR static stretching may be an effective intervention for reducing passive stiffness and improving postural balance in healthy, elderly men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ty B Palmer
- a Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA
| | - Chinonye C Agu-Udemba
- a Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA
| | - Bailey M Palmer
- a Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA
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Bizovska L, Janura M, Svoboda Z, Cerny M, Krohova J, Smondrk M. Intra- and inter-session reliability of traditional and entropy-based variables describing stance on a wobble board. Med Eng Phys 2017; 50:29-34. [PMID: 28916208 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A wobble board (WB) is a balance rehabilitation tool that is used in physiotherapy to improve strength and stability. The WB tested in this study includes a sensory module for measuring patients' tilt and rotation during stance. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of a balance measurement using a WB. Thirty healthy young adults participated in this study. The participants stood on the WB to simultaneously record the tilt of the WB and the center of pressure data using a force plate. The data were recorded during five measurement sessions on various days, with four trials each. Sways, velocities and indexes of complexity (CI) were computed. For reliability assessment, we used intra-class correlation coefficients within and between sessions; for validity, we computed Spearman correlation coefficients. The velocities and CI showed good intra-session reliability, and the sways showed mostly poor intra-session reliability. The results of inter-session reliability showed good to excellent reliability for CI, poor reliability for sways and poor to good reliability for velocities. The Spearman correlation coefficient showed excellent agreement between the mean velocities computed from the force plate and the WB. Our results confirm that the WB tested is suitable for stability assessment in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Bizovska
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinathropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Trida Miru 117, Olomouc 77111, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Janura
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinathropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Trida Miru 117, Olomouc 77111, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Svoboda
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinathropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Trida Miru 117, Olomouc 77111, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Cerny
- Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, Ostrava 70833, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Krohova
- Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, Ostrava 70833, Czech Republic
| | - Maros Smondrk
- Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, Ostrava 70833, Czech Republic
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Almeida GPL, Monteiro IO, Marizeiro DF, Maia LB, de Paula Lima PO. Y balance test has no correlation with the Stability Index of the Biodex Balance System. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2017. [PMID: 28637596 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study design. BACKGROUND The Stability Index of the Biodex Balance System (SI-BBS) and Y Balance Test (YBT) has been used in studies assessing postural stability but no studies have verified the association of the YBT with the SI-BBS. OBJECTIVE To analyze the association of the Y Balance Test (YBT) with the Stability Index of the Biodex Balance System (SI-BBS) to evaluate postural stability. METHODS Forty participants who engaged in recreational physical activities, 12 of whom had a history of injury to the lower limbs. Was used the SI-BBS and the anterior, posterolateral, posteromedial, and composite measures of the YBT. The order of execution of the tests and of the lower limbs evaluated was randomized and blind tested by two evaluators. RESULTS Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to check the strength of the relationship between the distances achieved on the YBT and the SI-BBS. The YBT showed excellent reliability in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. However, the YBT showed no statistically significant correlation with any variables in the SI-BBS, indicating poor validity between YBT and SI-BBS assessments of postural stability in people with and without history of lower limb injuries. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed the YBT is not correlated with the SI-BBS as an assessment of postural stability. This finding has implications for researchers and clinicians using YBT results as the only measure of postural stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Peixoto Leão Almeida
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Physical Therapy, Alexandre Baraúna Street, 949, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Isabel Oliveira Monteiro
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Physical Therapy, Alexandre Baraúna Street, 949, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Débora Fortes Marizeiro
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Physical Therapy, Alexandre Baraúna Street, 949, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Laísa Braga Maia
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Physical Therapy, Alexandre Baraúna Street, 949, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Olavo de Paula Lima
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Physical Therapy, Alexandre Baraúna Street, 949, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Hung YJ, Miller J. Extrinsic visual feedback and additional cognitive/physical demands affect single-limb balance control in individuals with ankle instability. World J Orthop 2016; 7:801-807. [PMID: 28032032 PMCID: PMC5155255 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v7.i12.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the impact of extrinsic visual feedback and additional cognitive/physical demands on single-limb balance in individuals with ankle instability.
METHODS Sixteen subjects with ankle instability participated in the study. Ankle instability was identified using the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). The subject’s unstable ankle was examined using the Athletic Single Leg Stability Test of the Biodex Balance System with 4 different protocols: (1) default setting with extrinsic visual feedback from the monitor; (2) no extrinsic visual feedback; (3) no extrinsic visual feedback with cognitive demands; and (4) no extrinsic visual feedback with physical demands. For the protocol with added cognitive demands, subjects were asked to continue subtracting 7 from a given number while performing the same test without extrinsic visual feedback. For the protocol with added physical demands, subjects were asked to pass and catch a basketball to and from the examiner while performing the same modified test.
RESULTS The subject’s single-limb postural control varied significantly among different testing protocols (F = 103; P = 0.000). Subjects’ postural control was the worst with added physical demands and the best with the default condition with extrinsic visual feedback. Pairwise comparison shows subjects performed significantly worse in all modified protocols (P < 0.01 in all comparisons) compared to the default protocol. Results from all 4 protocols are significantly different from each other (P < 0.01) except for the comparison between the “no extrinsic visual feedback” and “no extrinsic visual feedback with cognitive demands” protocols. Comparing conditions without extrinsic visual feedback, adding a cognitive demand did not significantly compromise single-limb balance control but adding a physical demand did. Scores from the default protocol are significantly correlated with the results from all 3 modified protocols: No extrinsic visual feedback (r = 0.782; P = 0.000); no extrinsic visual feedback with cognitive demands (r = 0.569; P = 0.022); no extrinsic visual feedback with physical demands (r = 0.683; P = 0.004). However, the CAIT score is not significantly correlated with the single-limb balance control from any of the 4 protocols: Default with extrinsic visual feedback (r = -0.210; P = 0.434); no extrinsic visual feedback (r = -0.450; P = 0.081); no extrinsic visual feedback with cognitive demands (r = -0.406; P = 0.118); no extrinsic visual feedback with physical demands (r = -0.351; P = 0.182).
CONCLUSION Single-limb balance control is worse without extrinsic visual feedback and/or with cognitive/physical demands. The balance test may not be a valid tool to examine ankle instability.
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Han S, Lee D, Lee S. A study on the reliability of measuring dynamic balance ability using a smartphone. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:2515-2518. [PMID: 27799682 PMCID: PMC5080164 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.2515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Evaluation of the reliability of smartphones as measuring equipment for dynamic
balance ability was the goal of this study. [Subjects and Methods] Subjects were 30
healthy young students in their 20s. The first and second rounds of measurements were
taken at a one-day interval to confirm test-retest reliability. The subjects stood on the
footboard of the Biodex Balance System. Balance was measured using a smart phone.
[Results] Acceleration rates corresponding to subjects with open eyes were 2.7 ± 2.2
(first measurement) and 3.3 ± 1.5 (second measurement), and the interclass correlation
coefficient ICC (1,1) was 0.8. Acceleration rates corresponding to subjects with closed
eyes were 4.1 ± 2.4 (first measurement) and 4.5 ± 1.8 (second measurement), and the ICC
(1,1) was 0.9. Gyroscope rates corresponding to subjects with open eyes were 1.7 ± 1.2
(first measurement) and 2.3 ± 1.5 (second measurement), and the ICC (1,1) was 0.7.
Gyroscope rates corresponding to subjects with closed eyes were 6.7 ± 2.4 (first
measurement) and 6.6 ± 2.3 (second measurement), and the ICC (1,1) was 0.6. [Conclusion]
The results of this study suggest that smartphones have sufficient potential as measuring
equipment for dynamic balance ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulki Han
- Department of Physical Therapy, U1 University, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, U1 University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, U1 University, Republic of Korea
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Lee DH, Lee JH, Jeong HJ, Lee SJ. Lack of Correlation between Dynamic Balance and Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Ratio in Patients with Chronic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears. Knee Surg Relat Res 2015; 27:101-7. [PMID: 26060609 PMCID: PMC4458480 DOI: 10.5792/ksrr.2015.27.2.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength and hamstring-to-quadriceps (HQ) ratio, as well as the relationships of these parameters with dynamic balance, in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared 25 patients diagnosed with chronic unilateral ACL tears and 25 age-matched healthy volunteers. The maximal torque of the quadriceps and hamstring and dynamic balance were measured. RESULTS Although the isokinetic maximal peak torques were about 50% lower in the quadriceps (57%, p<0.001) and hamstring (56%, p=0.001) muscles in the chronic ACL tear group than in the control group, their HQ ratios were similar (56%±17% vs. 58%±6%, p=0.591). HQ ratio was significantly correlated with anterior-posterior stability index (r=-0.511, p=0.021) and overall stability index (r=-0.476, p=0.034) in control group, but these correlations were not observed in chronic ACL tear group. CONCLUSIONS Thigh muscle strength was about 50% lower in the chronic ACL tear group than in the control group, but the HQ ratio was similar. The dynamic balance of the knee was not influenced by thigh muscle strength but was influenced by HQ ratio in healthy young individuals. However, HQ ratio was not correlated with dynamic knee balance in chronic ACL tear patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Hee Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Sports Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hyuck Lee
- Department of Sports Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Jeong
- Department of Sports Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Joo Lee
- Department of Sports Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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