Lifestyle factors in hepatocellular carcinoma: From pathogenesis to prognosis

Table 1 Lifestyle-based prevention and intervention strategies

Strategies	Recommendation	Ref.
Avoid AFB1-contaminated foods1	Strong	[12,16,17]
Consumption of grains	Strong	[7,8,40]
Consumption of vegetables	Strong	[7,38,40]
Consumption of n-3 PUFA-rich fish	Strong	[28,31]
Consumption of coffee	Moderate	[41,42,46]
Consumption of green tea	Moderate	[47,49,50]
Alcohol abstinence in A-HCC	Strong	[60-62]
Smoking cessation	Moderate	[72-74]
Regular exercise and manage weight	Strong	[81,82,86]
Improve mental health and sleep status	Moderate	[104-107]

¹Such as moldy cereals or legumes.

AFB1: Aflatoxin B1; PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acids; A-HCC: Alcohol-related hepatocellular carcinoma.