Systems biology and OMIC data integration to understand gastrointestinal cancers

Table 1 Gastrointestinal cancer data

Tissue	Incidence[1]	Mortality[1]	ASR incidence[1]	ASR mortality[1]	5-yr survival rate
Colorectum	1931590	935173	2.3	0.94	60%-70.9%[1]
Esophagus	604100	544076	0.78	0.68	14.6%-23.2%[1]
Liver	905677	830180	1.1	1.0	18%[3]
Pancreas	495773	466003	0.55	0.51	7.9%-14.3%[1]
Gastric	1089103	768793	1.3	0.90	20.8%-32.8%[1]

Age-standardized rate in 100000 people. ASR: Age-standardized rate.

Table 2 Pathways enriched in transcriptional analyses in esophageal, gastric, liver, pancreas, and colorectal cancers

Pathway	CRC	EC	GC	HCC	PDAC	Ref.
Focal adhesion	X	X	X	X	X	[69-76]
Apoptosis	X	X	X	X	X	[71,72,77-79]
PAK pathway	X	X		X	X	[80-83]
PI3K/Akt signaling pathway	X	X	X			[71,84-86]
TGF-beta pathway		X	X	X	X	[75,76,87-90]
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway		X	X	X		[88,91-93]

CRC: Colorectal cancer; EC: Esophageal cancer; GC: Gastric cancer; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; PAK: p21-activated kinase; PDAC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase; TGF: Transforming growth factor beta.