Multicenter nomogram integrating clinicopathological features for prognosis in stage II-III deficient/microsatellite instability-high rectal cancer

Figure 1 Random forest analysis and survival curves. A: Lymphovascular invasion status; B: Perineural invasion status; C: Kaplan-Meier curves illustrate recurrence-free survival. pTNM: Pathological tumor-node-metastasis; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion; PNI: Perineural invasion; BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Cancer antigen 19-9.

Figure 2 Prognostic nomogram construction and calibration. A: Multivariable predictive model integrating tumor-node-metastasis stage, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and body mass index for recurrence-free survival estimation; B: Calibration plots demonstrate agreement between predicted and observed outcomes for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year recurrence-free survival; C: Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis of the nomogram’s predictive accuracy. pTNM: Pathological tumor-node-metastasis; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion; PNI: Perineural invasion; BMI: Body mass index; RFS: Recurrence-free survival.

Figure 3 Decision curve analysis evaluating clinical utility of the nomogram across threshold probabilities. RFS: Recurrence-free survival.