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Mao Y, Shi RX, Gao LM, Xu AY, Li JN, Wang B, Wu JY. Construction of a nomogram-based risk prediction model for depressive symptoms in middle-aged and young breast cancer patients. World J Clin Oncol 2025; 16:102208. [PMID: 40290700 PMCID: PMC12019283 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i4.102208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2024] [Revised: 01/04/2025] [Accepted: 02/14/2025] [Indexed: 03/26/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common malignancy globally. Young and middle-aged patients face more pressures from diagnosis, treatment, costs, and psychological issues like self-image concerns, social barriers, and professional challenges. Compared to other age groups, they have higher recurrence rates, lower survival rates, and increased risk of depression. Research is lacking on factors influencing depressive symptoms and predictive models for this age group. AIM To analyze factors influencing depressive symptoms in young/middle-aged BC patients and construct a depression risk predictive model. METHODS A total of 360 patients undergoing BC treatment at two tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China from November 2023 to April 2024 were included in the study. Participants were surveyed using a general information questionnaire, the patient health questionnaire depression scale, the visual analog scale for pain, the revised family support scale, and the long form of the international physical activity questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the factors affecting depression in middle-aged and young BC patients, and a predictive model for depression risk was developed based on these findings. RESULTS Among the 360 middle-aged and young BC patients, the incidence rate of depressive symptoms was 38.61% (139/360). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor grade, patient's monthly income, pain score, family support score, and physical activity score were factors influencing depression in this patient group (P < 0.05). The risk prediction model constructed based on these factors yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.852, with a maximum Youden index of 0.973, sensitivity of 86.80%, specificity of 89.50%, and a diagnostic odds ratio of 0.552. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test for goodness of fit indicated an adequate model fit (χ 2 = 0.360, P = 0.981). CONCLUSION The constructed predictive model demonstrates good predictive performance and can serve as a reference for medical professionals to early identify high-risk patients and implement corresponding preventive measures to decrease the incidence of depressive symptoms in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Mao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui-Xin Shi
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei-Ming Gao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - An-Ying Xu
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Ning Li
- Department of Nursing, Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Nursing, Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun-Yuan Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, China
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Dol M, Browne D, Perlman CM, Ferro MA. Associations Between Family Factors and Mental Health Service Use Among Children with Physical Illness: the Mediating Role of Child Psychopathology Trajectories. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2025:10.1007/s10578-025-01826-2. [PMID: 40126818 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-025-01826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2025] [Indexed: 03/26/2025]
Abstract
This study investigated whether child psychopathology trajectories mediate the association between parent psychological distress/family functioning and mental health service use (MHSU) among children with a chronic physical illness (CPI). Data come from a longitudinal study of 263 children and youth aged 2-16 years diagnosed with a CPI and their parents assessed at baseline, six, 12, and 24 months. Parent psychological distress was measured by creating a composite score from the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale, and family functioning was measured using the McMaster Family Assessment Device. Previous work identified three trajectories of psychopathology among children: low-stable, moderate-stable, and high-decreasing. Path analysis was used to estimate potential mediating effects. A significant indirect effect of parent psychological distress on healthcare professional contact through child psychopathology was found ([Formula: see text] 0.001(0.001), p = 0.021). The indirect effect of family functioning was not significant ([Formula: see text] - 0.001(0.001), p = 0.155). Addressing parent mental health may reduce child psychopathology and potentially decrease MHSU in children with CPI. Understanding these pathways is needed to develop family-centred interventions that support mental health in children with CPI and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Dol
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, 905-717-8761, Canada.
| | - Dillon Browne
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher M Perlman
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, 905-717-8761, Canada
| | - Mark A Ferro
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, 905-717-8761, Canada
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Mao Y, Li J, Shi R, Gao L, Xu A, Wang B. Construction of a nomogram risk prediction model for depressive symptoms in elderly breast cancer patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:26433. [PMID: 39488580 PMCID: PMC11531583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the development of depressive symptoms in elderly breast cancer (BC) patients and to construct a nomogram model for predicting these symptoms. We recruited 409 patients undergoing BC treatment in the breast departments of two tertiary-level hospitals in Jiangsu Province from November 2023 to April 2024 as our study cohort. Participants were categorized into depressed and non-depressed groups based on their clinical outcomes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify independent risk factors for depression among BC patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that monthly income, pain score, family support score, and physical activity score significantly influenced the onset of depression in older BC patients (P < 0.05).The risk prediction model, constructed using these identified factors, demonstrated excellent discriminatory power, as evidenced by an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.824. The maximum Youden index was 0.627, with a sensitivity of 90.60%, specificity of 72.10%, and a diagnostic threshold value of 1.501. The results of the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (χ² = 3.181, P = 0.923) indicated that the model fit the data well. The calibration curve for the model closely followed the ideal curve, suggesting a strong fit and high predictive accuracy. Our nomogram model exhibited superior predictive performance, enabling healthcare professionals to identify high-risk patients early and implement preventative measures to mitigate the development of depressive symptoms. This study is a cross-sectional study that lacks longitudinal data and has a small sample size. Future research could involve larger samples, multicenter studies, and prospective designs to build better clinical predictive models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Mao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Nursing Department, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruixin Shi
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Leiming Gao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anying Xu
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Nursing Department, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Thomas LR, Bessette KL, Westlund Schreiner M, Dillahunt AK, Frandsen SB, Pocius SL, Schubert BL, Farstead BW, Roberts H, Watkins ER, Kerig PK, Crowell SE, Langenecker SA. Early Emergence of Rumination has no Association with Performance on a Non-affective Inhibitory Control Task. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:1308-1324. [PMID: 36637686 PMCID: PMC9839218 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01484-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Rumination is a vulnerability for depression and potentially linked to inhibitory control weaknesses. We aimed to replicate the association observed in adults between inhibitory control and rumination in adolescents, and to examine putative moderating roles of childhood maltreatment and perceived family cohesion in an adolescent sample at risk for depression due to familial/personal history. Ninety adolescents aged 11-17 (M = 14.6, SD = 1.8) completed self-report scales of rumination, maltreatment, and family cohesion, and performed a task assessing inhibitory control. Hierarchical regression models showed no significant relation between inhibitory control and moderator variables on rumination. However, adolescents who reported higher levels of maltreatment and who perceived lower family cohesion tended to indicate higher levels of rumination (BChilhood Maltreatment = 27.52, 95% CIs [5.63, 49.41], BFamily Cohesion = -0.40, 95% CIs [-0.65, -0.15]). These findings demonstrate an alternative understanding of factors that increase depression onset risk and recurrence in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah R Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, 84112, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Katie L Bessette
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60607, Chicago, IL, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 90024, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Melinda Westlund Schreiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alina K Dillahunt
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Summer B Frandsen
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Stephanie L Pocius
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Briana Lee Schubert
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Brian W Farstead
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | | | - Patricia K Kerig
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, 84112, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sheila E Crowell
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, 84112, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, 84112, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Scott A Langenecker
- Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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du Plessis J, Temane A, Poggenpoel M. Lived experiences of adults' non-compliance with psychiatric medication for depression. S Afr J Psychiatr 2024; 30:2202. [PMID: 39363943 PMCID: PMC11447580 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v30i0.2202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-compliance with psychiatric medication among patients diagnosed with depression ranges from 28% to 52% exacerbating illness and reducing treatment effectiveness. There is a paucity of research on medication non-compliance and its causes in South Africa and globally, and an urgent need to develop appropriate interventions. Aim This study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of adults living with depression who are non-compliant with their psychiatric medication and formulate recommendations to facilitate their medication compliance. Setting The study was conducted in a psychiatric ward at a public hospital in Gauteng, South Africa. Methods The study employed a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design. Ten adults' lived experiences were explored using in-depth individual interviews, and Tech's coding method was used to analyse data. Results Two themes emerged from the data: adults living with major depression offered several reasons for non-compliance, and adults living with major depression experienced non-compliance, which created a setback to their recovery. Conclusion Non-compliance with medication is a common challenge among adults receiving mental health care and treatment. Ensuring compliance to medication is crucial for improving the prognosis of psychiatric conditions. Therefore, it is essential for healthcare practitioners in the field of psychiatry to have a comprehensive understanding of medication compliance and to effectively address any challenges that may arise in this area. Contribution This paper contributes to the research field and adds knowledge to clinical nursing practice by exploring adults' experiences with non-compliance to psychiatric medications while living with depression in the South African context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne du Plessis
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Annie Temane
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Marie Poggenpoel
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
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Al-Smadi M, Abu Khait AF, Shahrour G, Hamaideh SH, Al-Omari H. The mediation role of social support in the relationship between bullying and depressive symptoms among Jordanian adolescents. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 78:e375-e382. [PMID: 39127588 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullying in school is a universal psychosocial issue that raises concerns about adolescents' safety and mental health and is positively associated with depressive symptoms. Social support could be a preventive factor that eases bullying and its psychological distress. PURPOSE The primary purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of social support in the relationship between bullying and depressive symptoms among adolescents in Jordan. Another aim was to investigate predictors of depression based on adolescents' sociodemographic factors. METHODS In this cross-sectional, non-experimental mediational study, a stratified and systematic sampling method was used to recruit 270 Jordanian adolescents. RESULTS Sociodemographic variables of being female, having divorced parents, having illiterate fathers, and being older in adolescence explained 12.2% of the variance in depressive symptoms. Family social support partially mediated the relationship between bullying and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that a notable proportion of adolescents experienced bullying victimization and depressive symptoms, and a positive relationship exists between these two variables. These results further highlight the role of family social support in buffering the negative impact of bullying on depressive symptoms. IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE The study's results emphasize the significance of developing and implementing family-centered social support initiatives by nurses to lessen adolescents' bullying experiences and depressive symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marah Al-Smadi
- Department of Nursing Science, Irbid National University 2600, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdallah F Abu Khait
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan.
| | - Ghada Shahrour
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Shaher H Hamaideh
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
| | - Hasan Al-Omari
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
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Hua Y, Jiang W, He Y, Zheng X, Huang C, Guo L, Guo Y, Guo L. Associations of recent stressful life events with anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents with a consideration of family functioning. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15:2337577. [PMID: 38597558 PMCID: PMC11008314 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2337577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between stressful life events (SLEs) and adolescent anxiety symptoms has been extensively studied, but the specific impacts of different SLEs domains remain inconclusive. Moreover, limited research has examined the role of family functioning in these associations.Objective: This study aimed to investigate the associations between various recent SLEs and adolescent anxiety symptoms and explore the role of family functioning.Methods: Data were obtained from the second phase of the Longitudinal Study of Adolescents' Mental and Behavioral Well-being Research in Guangzhou, China. A total of 10,985 students (51.9% boys; mean [SD] age, 15.3 [1.5] years) from forty middle schools participated in the study in 2022 and completed a self-report questionnaire assessing anxiety symptoms, SLEs, and family functioning using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC; including five subscales: interpersonal stress, academic stress, punishment-related stress, loss-related stress, and adaptation-related stress), and the adapted Chinese version of the Family Assessment Device (FAD), respectively. Linear mixed-effects models were performed and the moderation role of family functioning was also examined.Results: The fully adjusted model revealed that a 1-SD increase in the overall ASLEC score was associated with higher levels of anxiety symptoms (β = 2.23, 95%CI: 2.15-2.32). Among various SLEs domains, the academic domain shows the most significant association (β = 2.25, 95%CI: 2.17-2.33). Family functioning exerted an independent protective influence on anxiety symptoms, with each 1-SD increase in FAD scores negatively associated with anxiety symptoms (β = -2.11, 95%CI: - 2.29 to - 1.93) in the adjusted model. Moreover, family functioning significantly buffered the impacts of overall SLEs and each domain, except for adaptation-related SLEs, on anxiety symptoms.Conclusion: Higher recent SLEs levels were associated with increased anxiety symptoms among adolescents, with academic SLEs showing the greatest association. Positive family functioning had both direct and buffering influences on anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Hua
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Jiang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yitong He
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuihong Huang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liling Guo
- Department of Prevention and Treatment of Common Diseases among Students, Health Promotion Center for Primary and Secondary Schools in Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangfeng Guo
- Department of Prevention and Treatment of Common Diseases among Students, Health Promotion Center for Primary and Secondary Schools in Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Yan N, Zhou T, Hu M, Cai Y, Qi L, Shiferaw BD, Wang W, Miao C. Familial Resilience in Crisis: Navigating the Mediating Landscape of Depressive Symptoms Between Uncertainty Stress and Suicide Behavior Among Chinese University Students. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:283-294. [PMID: 38287991 PMCID: PMC10823871 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s445252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous findings indicate that stress has a profound influence on suicide behavior, but the potential mediating and moderating mechanisms are unknown between uncertainty stress and suicide behavior. The present study, therefore, examined the relationship between uncertainty stress and suicide behavior, the mediating effect of depressive symptoms, and the moderating effect of family relationship in a sample of university students in China. Methods 1828 university students were assessed anonymously by using the Uncertainty Stress Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Brief Suicidal Scale, and Family Relationship Scale between May to June in 2021. SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation analysis. PROCESS 3.5 was used to calculate the significance of the mediating and moderating effects of the variables. Results Moderated mediation model analyses showed that: (a) depressive symptoms partially mediated the link between uncertainty stress and suicide behavior (indirect effect = 0.14, 95%bootstrap CI = 0.10, 0.19). The indirect effect of the depressive symptoms accounted for 67.12% of the total variance in suicide behavior. (b) The indirect association between uncertainty stress and suicide behavior was moderated by family relationship. Specifically, the paths from uncertainty stress to depressive symptoms (interact effect = -0.06, P<0.001) and depressive symptoms to suicide behavior (interact effect = -0.08, P<0.01) were weakened in the context of higher family relationship. Conclusion Depressive symptoms play a crucial role in bridging uncertainty stress and suicide behavior, while the family relationship can buffer the mediation impact of depressive symptoms. These findings significantly contribute to the prevention and intervention of suicide in Chinese university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yan
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhou
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingming Hu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Cai
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Qi
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Blen Dereje Shiferaw
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
- Research Center for Mental Crisis Prevention and Intervention of College Students in Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Biological Data Mining and Healthcare Transformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunxia Miao
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
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Yuan L, Yu B, Bing Y, Du M, Zhao Z, Sun J. Gender differences in depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults based on fairlie decomposition analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21555. [PMID: 37954279 PMCID: PMC10637998 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults based on gender differences. Data from the eighth wave of Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey were used. We analyzed the influencing factors of depressive symptoms reported by older adults using the chi-squared test and logistic model. Fairlie decomposition analysis was performed to quantify the contribution level of each influencing factor. We found that 11.71 % of older adults met the CES-D-10 criteria for depressive symptoms. Females (13.89 %) reported a significantly higher level of depressive symptoms than males (9.24 %). Age, residence, sleeping time, exercise, activities of daily living functional disability, instrumental activity of daily living functional disability, and living status influenced depressive symptoms in older adults. Higher education and lower body mass index were only significant in male, whereas middle annual income and exercising were significant only in female. The Fairlie decomposition model explained the reasons for 75.64 % of the gender differences in depressive symptoms, with instrumental activity of daily living functional disability (33.60 %), age (-17.79 %), and education level (17.41 %) being major factors affecting gender differences in depressive symptoms. This is the first nationwide study to examine gender differences in depressive symptoms among older adults. These results provide a basis for relevant Chinese government departments to formulate policies to prevent and control depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Department of Medical Health Service, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of PLA, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Bing
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maolin Du
- Department of Office, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhai Sun
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Military Health Service, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Wedema D, Wardenaar KJ, Alma MA, van Asselt ADI, Korevaar EL, Schoevers RA. A blended module (STAIRS) to promote functional and personal recovery in patients with a major depressive disorder in remission: study protocol of a concurrent mixed methods randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:727. [PMID: 37805486 PMCID: PMC10560411 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05213-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the availability of a wide variety of evidence-based treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD), many patients still experience impairments in their lives after remission. Programs are needed that effectively support patients in coping with these impairments. The program Storytelling and Training to Advance Individual Recovery Skills (STAIRS) was developed to address this need and combines the use of peer contact, expert-by-experience guidance, family support and professional blended care. The aim of the planned study is (1) to assess the efficacy of the STAIRS program in patients with remitted MDD, (2) to investigate patients' subjective experiences with STAIRS, and (3) to evaluate the program's cost-effectiveness. METHODS A concurrent mixed-methods randomized controlled trial design will be used. Patients aged between 18 and 65 years with remitted MDD (N = 140) will be randomized to either a group receiving care as usual (CAU) + the STAIRS-program or a control group receiving CAU + some basic psychoeducation. Quantitative efficacy data on functional and personal recovery and associated aspects will be collected using self-report questionnaires at the start of the intervention, immediately following the intervention, and at the six-month follow-up. Insights into patients' experiences on perceived effects and the way in which different program elements contribute to this effect, as well as the usability and acceptability of the program, will be gained by conducting qualitative interviews with patients from the experimental group, who are selected using maximum variation sampling. Finally, data on healthcare resource use, productivity loss and quality of life will be collected and analysed to assess the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of the STAIRS-program. DISCUSSION Well-designed recovery-oriented programs for patients suffering from MDD are scarce. If efficacy and cost-effectiveness are demonstrated with this study and patients experience the STAIRS program as usable and acceptable, this program can be a valuable addition to CAU. The qualitative interviews may give insights into what works for whom, which can be used to promote implementation. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 1 July 2021, registration number NCT05440812.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wedema
- Research and Innovation Centre for Rehabilitation, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Klaas J Wardenaar
- Department of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manna A Alma
- Department of Health Sciences, Applied Health Research, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoinette D I van Asselt
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eliza L Korevaar
- Research and Innovation Centre for Rehabilitation, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Schoevers
- Department of Psychiatry, Research School of Behavioural and Cognitive Neurosciences (BCN), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Gu Z, Li M, Liu L, Ban Y, Wu H. The moderating effect of self-efficacy between social constraints, social isolation, family environment, and depressive symptoms among breast cancer patients in China: a cross-sectional study. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:594. [PMID: 37768382 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For female breast cancer patients, the psychological status after surgery, especially the social and family psychological-related factors, deserves more attention. This study analyzed the influence of social constraints, social support, social isolation, family conflict, and family emotion expression on depression. At the same time, this study conducted the relationship between the variables and the mechanism of action. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study and 522 breast cancer patients finished questionnaires consisting of Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Social Constraints Scale-5 (SCS-5), Family Environment Scale (FES), and Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6). Multivariable logical regression was used to explore influencing factors. Pearson's correlation, hierarchical regression, and simple slope analysis were conducted to verify the role of self-efficacy. RESULTS 71.6% of patients had depressive symptoms. Family contradiction (OR = 10.086), social constraints (OR = 2.522), social isolation (OR = 2.507), and high blood glucose (OR = 2.156) were risk factors of depressive symptoms. Family emotional expression (OR = 0.480), family intimacy (OR = 0.235), and self-efficacy (OR = 0.246) were protective factors against depressive symptoms. The interactive items interpretation quantity were as follows: Contradiction*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 2.3%, P < 0.001), Emotional expression*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 2.6%, P < 0.001), Intimacy*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 1.0%, P = 0.018), Social constraints*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 1.0%, P = 0.008), Social networks*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 1.0%, P = 0.010), Blood Glucose*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 0.6%, P = 0.023). The influence of independent variables on depressive symptoms was gradually decreased in the low, mean, and high groups of self-efficacy. CONCLUSION Postoperative Chinese breast cancer survivors reported higher depressive symptoms. Social, family, and physiological factors could affect depressive symptoms, in which self-factor played moderator roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiHui Gu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 PuHe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - MengYao Li
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 PuHe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 PuHe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yue Ban
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 PuHe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 PuHe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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12
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Mediation by coping style in the association between stressful life events and depressive symptoms in young adults. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:2401-2409. [PMID: 35895096 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between stressful life events and depressive symptoms is well-established, but the role of coping style in this association is less clear. We examined whether problem-focused, emotion-focused or avoidant coping style mediated and/or moderated the association in young adults. METHODS Data were drawn from a 20-year longitudinal study that included 1294 students' age 12-13 years recruited in 1999-2000 from ten high schools in Montreal, Canada. Herein we report an analysis that included 782 participants aged 24 years on average with data on covariates collected at age 20. Using VanderWeele's four-way decomposition approach, the total effect of stressful life events on depressive symptoms considering coping styles was decomposed into four components: moderation only, mediation only, mediated interaction, no mediation or moderation. RESULTS We observed mediation only by emotion-focused coping ([Formula: see text](95%CI) = 0.15(0.04, 0.24)) suggestive that individuals who experienced more stressful life events also reported greater use of emotion-focused coping and higher levels of depressive symptoms. We found moderation only by problem-focused coping ([Formula: see text](95%CI) = - 1.51(- 2.40, - 0.53)) and by emotion-focused coping ([Formula: see text](95%CI) = 1.16(0.57, 1.69). These results suggest that individuals reporting more problem-focused coping experienced fewer depressive symptoms after exposure to stressful life events; those reporting more emotion-focused coping experienced more depressive symptoms. Avoidant coping did not mediate or moderate the association between stressful life events and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Interventions that aim to reduce depressive symptoms in young adults who experience stressful life events may need to reinforce problem-focused coping and minimize emotion-focused coping strategies.
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13
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Scrimin S, Mastromatteo LY, Hovnanyan A, Zagni B, Rubaltelli E, Pozzoli T. Effects of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Stress, and Family Support on Children's Physical and Emotional Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2022; 31:2215-2228. [PMID: 35813239 PMCID: PMC9252537 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-022-02339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we conduct an exploratory study on children's emotional and physical health in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The direct and interactive effects of parental stress, family socioeconomic status (SES), and family support on child adjustment were investigated. A total of 116 children of varied socioeconomic and their parents were interviewed. Parents with low household income perceived greater distress related to uncertainty and health worries compared to those with higher household income. However, it was among high-SES families that parental distress was associated with child difficulties. At a multivariate level, children's health was associated with SES, family support, and parental COVID-19 stress. Among families with low household income, when parents perceived low/average COVID-19 stress, family support worked as a protective factor for children's adjustment. Understanding how COVID-19 relates with children's emotional and physical health within families with low and high household income may help to inform recommendations for best practices, for example through family support interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Scrimin
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Ani Hovnanyan
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Benedetta Zagni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Enrico Rubaltelli
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pozzoli
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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14
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Fitriawan AS, Achmad BF, Kurniawan D, Kafil RF, Natalia L, Setyaningsih WAW. Association between Online Learning Predictors and Psychological Distress among Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The global coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic has forced nursing schools in Indonesia to implement online learning. The association between online learning variables and psychological distress among nursing students is not fully understood.
AIM: This study aimed to assess psychological distress among nursing students and the association between online learning variables and psychological distress.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to February 2021. Six hundred and thirty-five nursing students from four universities in Indonesia participated in this study and were recruited through a consecutive sampling method. The measurement of psychological distress used the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze the association between online learning predictors and psychological distress.
RESULTS: Most of the respondents had severe psychological distress (n = 194; 30.6%). Older age was found to act as a protective factor against psychological distress (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = –0.159, p = 0.035; 95% confidence interval [CI]: (–0.307)–(–0.011)). Contrarily, not living at their own home during lockdown (aOR = 1.019, p = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.657–1.382), always feeling that online learning is expensive (aOR = 1.387, p = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.645–2.130), always experienced poor Internet connection during online learning (aOR = 3.380, p = 0.001; 95% CI: 1.935–4.826), and having no motivation toward online learning (aOR = 3.154, p = 0.001; 95% CI: 2.372–3.936) acted as risk factors for having psychological distress.
CONCLUSION: Cost and Internet access barriers as well as low motivation during the abrupt shift to implementation of online learning in the current pandemic situation acted as risk factors for psychological distress among nursing students.
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15
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Vesel C, Rashidisabet H, Zulueta J, Stange JP, Duffecy J, Hussain F, Piscitello A, Bark J, Langenecker SA, Young S, Mounts E, Omberg L, Nelson PC, Moore RC, Koziol D, Bourne K, Bennett CC, Ajilore O, Demos AP, Leow A. Effects of mood and aging on keystroke dynamics metadata and their diurnal patterns in a large open-science sample: A BiAffect iOS study. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2021; 27:1007-1018. [PMID: 32467973 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ubiquitous technologies can be leveraged to construct ecologically relevant metrics that complement traditional psychological assessments. This study aims to determine the feasibility of smartphone-derived real-world keyboard metadata to serve as digital biomarkers of mood. MATERIALS AND METHODS BiAffect, a real-world observation study based on a freely available iPhone app, allowed the unobtrusive collection of typing metadata through a custom virtual keyboard that replaces the default keyboard. User demographics and self-reports for depression severity (Patient Health Questionnaire-8) were also collected. Using >14 million keypresses from 250 users who reported demographic information and a subset of 147 users who additionally completed at least 1 Patient Health Questionnaire, we employed hierarchical growth curve mixed-effects models to capture the effects of mood, demographics, and time of day on keyboard metadata. RESULTS We analyzed 86 541 typing sessions associated with a total of 543 Patient Health Questionnaires. Results showed that more severe depression relates to more variable typing speed (P < .001), shorter session duration (P < .001), and lower accuracy (P < .05). Additionally, typing speed and variability exhibit a diurnal pattern, being fastest and least variable at midday. Older users exhibit slower and more variable typing, as well as more pronounced slowing in the evening. The effects of aging and time of day did not impact the relationship of mood to typing variables and were recapitulated in the 250-user group. CONCLUSIONS Keystroke dynamics, unobtrusively collected in the real world, are significantly associated with mood despite diurnal patterns and effects of age, and thus could serve as a foundation for constructing digital biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vesel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Homa Rashidisabet
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John Zulueta
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonathan P Stange
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer Duffecy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Faraz Hussain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrea Piscitello
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John Bark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter C Nelson
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Raeanne C Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Dave Koziol
- Arbormoon Software, Inc, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Keith Bourne
- Arbormoon Software, Inc, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Casey C Bennett
- College of Computing and Digital Media, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,School of Intelligence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Olusola Ajilore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander P Demos
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alex Leow
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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16
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Naldi A, Vallelonga F, Di Liberto A, Cavallo R, Agnesone M, Gonella M, Sauta MD, Lochner P, Tondo G, Bragazzi NL, Botto R, Leombruni P. COVID-19 pandemic-related anxiety, distress and burnout: prevalence and associated factors in healthcare workers of North-West Italy. BJPsych Open 2021; 7:e27. [PMID: 33407989 PMCID: PMC7844147 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2020.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic caused drastic changes in healthcare and severe social restrictions. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are on the front line against the virus and have been highly exposed to pandemic-related stressors, but there are limited data on their psychological involvement for a large sample in Italy. AIMS To investigate the prevalence of anxiety, distress and burnout in HCWs of North-West Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to detect potential psychosocial factors associated with their emotional response. METHOD This cross-sectional, survey-based study enrolled 797 HCWs. Participants completed the Impact of Event Scale - Revised, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - Form Y and the Maslach Burnout Inventory; demographic, family and work characteristics were also collected. Global psychological outcome, differences among professions and independent factors associated with worst psychological outcome were assessed. RESULTS Almost a third of the sample had severe state anxiety and distress, high emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, and low personal accomplishment. Distress was higher in women and nurses, whereas depersonalisation was higher in men. Family division, increased workload, job changes and frequent contact with COVID-19 were associated with worst psychological outcome. Trait anxiety was associated with significantly higher risk for developing state anxiety, distress and burnout. CONCLUSIONS An elevated psychological burden related to the COVID-19 pandemic was observed in HCWs of North-West Italy. The identification of family and work characteristics and a psychological pre-existing condition as factors associated with worst psychological outcome may help provide a tailored, preventive, organisational and psychological approach in counteracting the psychological effects of future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Naldi
- Rita Levi Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Italy; and Neurology Unit, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Monica Agnesone
- Psychology Unit, Local Health Authority of the City of Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Gonella
- Psychology Unit, Local Health Authority of the City of Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Giacomo Tondo
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Italy
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rossana Botto
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Italy; and Clinical Psychology Unit, City of Health and Science University Hospital of Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Leombruni
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Italy; and Clinical Psychology Unit, City of Health and Science University Hospital of Turin, Italy
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17
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Crandall A, Weiss-Laxer NS, Broadbent E, Holmes EK, Magnusson BM, Okano L, Berge JM, Barnes MD, Hanson CL, Jones BL, Novilla LB. The Family Health Scale: Reliability and Validity of a Short- and Long-Form. Front Public Health 2020; 8:587125. [PMID: 33330329 PMCID: PMC7717993 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.587125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Families strongly influence the health of communities and individuals across the life course, but no validated measure of family health exists. The absence of such a measure has limited the examination of family health trends and the intersection of family health with individual and community health. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Family Health Scale (FHS), creating a multi-factor long-form and a uniform short-form. The primary sample included 1,050 adults recruited from a national quota sample Qualtrics panel. Mplus version 7 was used to analyze the data using a structural equation modeling framework. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed a 32-item, 4-factor long-form scale. The four factors included (1) family social and emotional health processes; (2) family healthy lifestyle; (3) family health resources; and (4) family external social supports. A 10-item short-form of the FHS was also validated in the initial sample and a second sample of 401 adults. Both the long-form and short-form FHS correlated in the expected direction with validated measures of family functioning and healthy lifestyle. A preliminary assessment of clinical cutoffs in the short-form were correlated with depression risk. The FHS offers the potential to assess family health trends and to develop accessible, de-identified databases on the well-being of families. Important next steps include validating the scale among multiple family members and collecting longitudinal data.
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Affiliation(s)
- AliceAnn Crandall
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Nomi S Weiss-Laxer
- Department of Family Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Eliza Broadbent
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Erin Kramer Holmes
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | | | - Lauren Okano
- Puget Sound Educational Service District, Renton, WA, United States
| | - Jerica M Berge
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Michael D Barnes
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Carl Lee Hanson
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Blake L Jones
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Len B Novilla
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
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18
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Kracker Imthon A, Antônio Caldart C, do Rosário MC, Fontenelle LF, Constantino Miguel E, Arzeno Ferrão Y. Stressful Life Events and the Clinical Expression of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): An Exploratory Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3371. [PMID: 33096706 PMCID: PMC7590000 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), symptom content and severity appear to fluctuate over the course of the life cycle in accordance with stressful life events. The objective of this paper was to compare OCD patients with and without reported stressful life events (SLEs) in terms of the sociodemographics of patients and the clinical characteristics of OCD. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study involving 1001 patients with OCD. Data concerning SLEs were collected via the Yale OCD Natural History Questionnaire, while for OCD symptoms, the Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale was used. RESULTS Of the 1001 OCD patients, 605 (60.5%) reported experiencing at least one SLE in their lifetime. Self-declared nonwhite skin color (odds ratio (OR) = 1.51), the presence of a sensory phenomenon (OR = 1.47), and comorbidity with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (OR = 2.38) were some of the logistic regression variables related to the reported SLEs with relevant statistical significance and risk (i.e., OR) values. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that SLEs may make Brazilian OCD patients vulnerable to the onset or exacerbation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The positive association of the occurrence of SLEs and sensory phenomena in this population could corroborate that environmental influences impact the neurobiology associated with OCD, and likely with other psychiatric disorders as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Kracker Imthon
- Psychiatric Service, President Vargas Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-074, Brazil; (C.A.C.); (Y.A.F.)
- Department of Internal Medicine-Psychiatry, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
- The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil; (M.C.d.R.); (L.F.F.); (E.C.M.)
| | - César Antônio Caldart
- Psychiatric Service, President Vargas Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-074, Brazil; (C.A.C.); (Y.A.F.)
- Department of Internal Medicine-Psychiatry, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
- The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil; (M.C.d.R.); (L.F.F.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Maria Conceição do Rosário
- The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil; (M.C.d.R.); (L.F.F.); (E.C.M.)
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (UPIA) at the Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04017-030, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F. Fontenelle
- The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil; (M.C.d.R.); (L.F.F.); (E.C.M.)
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR) and Institute of Psychiatry (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22290-140, Brazil
| | - Euripedes Constantino Miguel
- The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil; (M.C.d.R.); (L.F.F.); (E.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil
| | - Ygor Arzeno Ferrão
- Psychiatric Service, President Vargas Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-074, Brazil; (C.A.C.); (Y.A.F.)
- Department of Internal Medicine-Psychiatry, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
- The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil; (M.C.d.R.); (L.F.F.); (E.C.M.)
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Gao F, Yao Y, Yao C, Xiong Y, Ma H, Liu H. Moderating Effect of Family Support on the Mediated Relation Between Negative Life Events and Antisocial Behavior Tendencies via Self-Esteem Among Chinese Adolescents. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1769. [PMID: 32903752 PMCID: PMC7438802 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents are particularly prone to antisocial behavior. The promoting effect of negative life events on antisocial behavior has been well-documented. However, the internal influence mechanisms between negative life events and antisocial behavior tendencies in adolescents are still unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the mediation effect of self-esteem and the moderated mediation effect of family support between negative life events and antisocial behavior tendencies in 8,958 adolescents who were selected from three Chinese provinces. Robust maximum likelihood estimator (MLR) of a structural equation model (SEM) was applied to test the mediation model and the moderated mediation model. The results revealed that negative life events had a positive effect on antisocial behavior tendencies in adolescents, with a direct effect of 0.082 (95% CI: 0.052, 0.111) and an indirect effect via self-esteem of 0.168 (95% CI: 0.146, 0.191). Negative life events had a 67.20% effect on antisocial behavior tendencies, where self-esteem showed mediation. The indirect effect was 2.049-fold greater than the direct effect. Furthermore, the effect of latent interaction of subjective family support and negative life events on self-esteem was negatively significant (β = −0.018, p = 0.032, 95% CI: −0.035, −0.002). The indirect effect of negative life events was greater, where subjective family support was below 1 SD of the mean (conditional indirect effect = 0.227, 95% CI = 0.200, 0.255) than where it was above 1 SD of the mean (conditional indirect effect = 0.203, 95% CI = 0.177, 0.229). The moderated mediation effect index was −0.012, p = 0.033. Moderated mediation showed that the mediated path was less evident in the students who had greater subjective support from family. The results of the current study demonstrated the important role that self-esteem and subjective family support played in minimizing the adverse effect of negative life events on antisocial behavior development of adolescents. These findings have important implications for preventing antisocial behavior in adolescents by developing interventions aimed at enhancing their self-esteem and providing support-skill training to parents aimed at improving subjective family support of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Gao
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Yan Xiong
- Hospital of Xi-He Town, Chengdu, China
| | - Honglin Ma
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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20
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COVID-19 Factors and Psychological Factors Associated with Elevated Psychological Distress among Dentists and Dental Hygienists in Israel. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082900. [PMID: 32331401 PMCID: PMC7215275 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of COVID-19 factors and psychological factors with psychological distress among dental staff during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 338 Israeli dentists and dental hygienists, who provided their demographic data; answered questions about COVID-19-related factors; and were assessed by subjective overload, self-efficacy, and psychological distress scales. Data were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression. Results revealed that elevated psychological distress was found among those who have background illness, fear of contracting COVID-19 from patient, and a higher subjective overload. Lower psychological distress was associated with being in a committed relationship and having higher scores for self-efficacy. Given these results, gathered during times of an infectious disease outbreak, exploring psychological distress among dental staff is warranted as the effects may be long-term.
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