• ameloblastic fibroodontoma
• hamartoma
• neoplasia
• odontogenic tumours
• odontoma

• Humans
• Odontogenic Tumors/pathology
• Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Mouth Abnormalities/pathology
• Terminology as Topic
• Tooth Abnormalities/pathology

• Computed Tomography, X-Ray
• Diagnostic Imaging
• Fibro-odontoma, Ameloblastic
• Odontogenic Tumors

• developing odontoma
• hamartoma
• impacted teeth
• mandibular molar region
• modified gallego
• non-calcifying odontoma
• odontoma
• pediatric pathology
• radiolucency
• van gieson

• Biopsy
• cone-beam computed tomography
• mixed tumour
• neoplasms
• odontogenic tumours

• Odontogenic tumors
• ameloblastoma
• mouth neoplasms
• odontoma
• oral pathology
• pediatric
• stomatognathic diseases

• Humans
• Child
• Odontogenic Tumors/diagnosis
• Odontogenic Tumors/pathology
• Ameloblastoma/diagnosis
• Ameloblastoma/pathology
• Odontoma/diagnosis
• Odontoma/pathology

• Ameloblastic fibro-dentinoma
• Ameloblastic fibro-odontome
• Ameloblastic fibroma
• Case report
• Mixed odontogenic tumors

• Male
• Child
• Humans
• Mandibular Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Mandibular Neoplasms/surgery
• Ameloblasts/pathology
• Odontogenic Tumors/diagnostic imaging
• Odontogenic Tumors/surgery
• Odontoma/diagnostic imaging
• Odontoma/surgery
• Fibroma

• genetics
• molecular pathology
• mutations
• odontogenic cysts
• odontogenic tumours

• Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
• Ameloblastic fibroma
• Benign tumor
• Hamartoma
• MRI

• Ameloblastic fibro-dentinoma
• ameloblastic fibro-odontoma and complex odontoma
• ameloblastic fibroma

Ameloblastic fibromas and ameloblastic fibrosarcomas are rare odontogenic tumors, and controversy exists in the classification of cases presenting hard-tissue production: Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma (AFD) and ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO). These cases are currently considered “developing odontomas” (hamartomatous lesions).

To analyze the clinicopathologic features of these lesions and discuss the changes in the 2017 World Health Organization classification.

An electronic literature search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE database. An electronic search of the English language literature was performed and last updated in September 2020 in the PubMed/MEDLINE database using the following terms: “ameloblastic fibroma”, “ameloblastic fibrodentinoma”, “ameloblastic fibro-odontoma”, “ameloblastic sarcoma”, “ameloblastic fibrosarcoma”, “ameloblastic fibrodentinosarcoma”, “ameloblastic fibroodontosarcoma” and “odontogenic carcinosarcoma”. The inclusion criteria were odontogenic tumor series, case reports and systematic reviews that provided sufficient clinical, radiological and microscopic documentation to confirm the diagnosis.

The database search strategy resulted in 947 papers. Articles focusing on other topics, articles that were not in English, duplicate articles, and articles without fulfilling the inclusion criteria were excluded. Finally, 96 publications were included in this review to describe and discuss the main features of the searched entities. Several aspects of AFO and AFD, such as biological behavior, age of occurrence, amount of hard tissue, and potential for malignant transformation into odontogenic sarcomas, support the neoplastic nature in most of the reported cases. Considering the clinical, radiographic, histopathological and molecular characteristics of odontogenic lesions with hard tissue production, we suggest that these types of lesions should continue to be recognized as odontogenic tumors by maintaining the classically used terms.

This recommendation will be relevant for future clinical, microscopic, and molecular studies to better understand the biology of these interesting odontogenic tumors.

• Ameloblastic fibroma
• Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
• Odontogenic carcinosarcoma
• Odontogenic tumors

Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is a relatively rare, benign noninvasive mixed odontogenic neoplasm derived from epithelial and ectomesenchymal elements of the dental tissues. It usually presents with a mean age of 11.5 years and in the posterior segment of the mandible. It is extremely rare in the posterior maxilla. Although the latest WHO edition classified AFO as developing odontoma, here we present a locally aggressive AFO in a 21-year-old male involving the posterior maxilla and sinus with bone destruction. The patient presents with a two-year history of slowly progressive left facial swelling with malodorous drainage. The CT scan revealed a 5.5 x 4.3 cm well-circumscribed expansile mass with mixed attenuation and peripheral calcification occupying the left maxilla and sinus with bone destruction of the hard palate and orbital rim. According to the literature, most of the AFO cases were treated adequately through a conservative approach with just enucleation or surgical curettage. To our knowledge, our case is the first case treated aggressively with left maxillectomy, palatectomy, and reconstruction surgery because of its radiologic findings, which suggested a locally invasive neoplasm. Histologically, the specimen showed a mixture of proliferative epithelial, mesenchymal tissue elements, and variable amounts of mineralized deposits consisting of enamel matrix and dentinoid deposits, and the final diagnosis was AFO. In conclusion, we present a rare case of AFO with an unusual aggressive presentation, age group, and site involved. The radiographic, histopathologic features, and therapeutic approaches of this unusual locally aggressive tumor are presented with the review of relevant literature.

Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma is a rare tumor affecting the pediatric population and young adults. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2005 defined it as “A neoplasm composed of proliferating odontogenic epithelium in a cellular ectomesenchymal tissue with varying degrees of inductive changes and dental hard tissue formation.” There exists a controversy on its histogenesis designating it as a hamartoma (developing complex odontoma [CO]) or a true neoplasm since both the lesions appear similar histologically. Recently, the WHO in 2017 has clubbed both these lesions as the same entity. Most cases are reported in males and in mandible, while cases in maxilla are scarce. This article describes a recurrence of a previously reported case of ameloblastic fibroma which showed maturation into AFO or CO in a girl aged 6 years in the posterior maxilla. This case is reported due to its rarity and a brief review with differential diagnosis is also discussed.

• Ameloblastic fibroma
• ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
• clinical features
• complex odontoma
• differential diagnosis
• hamartoma
• histopathology
• maxilla
• mixed odontogenic tumor
• radiological features

• Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
• Classification
• Odontogenic tumours
• Odontoma
• WHO

• Ameloblastic fibroma
• Benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic tumor
• Benign tumor
• Mandibular tumor
• Odontogenic tumor

• BRAF V600E
• VE1
• immunohistochemistry
• odontogenic tumour
• sequencing

• Disease ontology
• Embeddings
• Neural network

• Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
• ameloblastic fibroma
• radiopaque

Odontogenic tumors are a heterogeneous group of lesions of diverse clinical behavior and histopathologic types, ranging from hamartomatous lesions to malignancy. Because odontogenic tumors arise from the tissues which make our teeth, they are unique to the jaws, and by extension almost unique to dentistry. Odontogenic tumors, as in normal odontogenesis, are capable of inductive interactions between odontogenic ectomesenchyme and epithelium, and the classification of odontogenic tumors is essentially based on this interaction. The last update of these tumors was published in early 2017. According to this classification, benign odontogenic tumors are classified as follows: Epithelial, mesenchymal (ectomesenchymal), or mixed depending on which component of the tooth germ gives rise to the neoplasm. Malignant odontogenic tumors are quite rare and named similarly according to whether the epithelial or mesenchymal or both components is malignant. The goal of this review is to discuss the updated changes to odontogenic tumors and to review the more common types with clinical and radiological illustrations.

• Odontogenic tumors
• ameloblastoma
• odontogenesis
• odontomas
• update

• ameloblastic fibroma
• ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
• clinical features
• odontogenic tumours
• recurrence rate

The latest (4th) edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck tumours has recently been published with a number of significant changes across all tumour sites. In particular, there has been a major attempt to simplify classifications and to use defining criteria which can be used globally in all situations, avoiding wherever possible the use of complex molecular techniques which may not be affordable or widely available. This review summarises the changes in Chapter 8: Odontogenic and maxillofacial bone lesions. The most significant change is the re-introduction of the classification of the odontogenic cysts, restoring this books status as the only text which classifies and defines the full range of lesions of the odontogenic tissues. The consensus group considered carefully the terminology of lesions and were concerned to ensure that the names used properly reflected the best evidence regarding the true nature of specific entities. For this reason, this new edition restores the odontogenic keratocyst and calcifying odontogenic cyst to the classification of odontogenic cysts and rejects the previous terminology (keratocystic odontogenic tumour and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour) which were intended to suggest that they are true neoplasms. New entities which have been introduced include the sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma and primordial odontogenic tumour. In addition, some previously poorly defined lesions have been removed, including the ameloblastic fibrodentinoma, ameloblastic fibro-odontoma, which are probably developing odontomas, and the odontoameloblastoma, which is not regarded as an entity. Finally, the terminology “cemento” has been restored to cemento-ossifying fibroma and cemento-osseous dysplasias, to properly reflect that they are of odontogenic origin and are found in the tooth-bearing areas of the jaws.

• Fibro-osseous lesions
• Maxillofacial pathology
• Odontogenic cysts
• Odontogenic tumours
• WHO classification

Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma is a benign odontogenic tumor belonging to the category of "odontogenic epithelium with odontogenic ectomesenchyme" along with recognition of induction in the form of dentin in atypical or dysplastic forms. The biological behaviour of ameloblastic fibrodentinoma is not very different from ameloblastic fibroma; hence, it is treated similarly by conservative procedures. It is important to understand the histopathogenesis of these rare tumors. Though rare, they are an independent entity awaiting recognition. Here, we report a case of amelobalstic fibrodentinoma in a 14-year-old female patient.

• ameloblastic fibrodentinoma
• benign odontogenic tumors
• dentinoid
• dysplastic dentin
• induction
• mandibular tumor
• paediatric odontogenic tumors