Role of chemoprophylaxis with either NSAIDs or statins in patients with Barrett’s esophagus

Table 1 Available epidemiological evidence of benefit of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and aspirin in prevention of esophageal adenocarcinoma in patients with Barrett’s esophagus

Ref.	Type ofstudy	Size-follow-up	Effect on EAC rate	Beneficial effect
Abnet et al[36]	Population based	311115 AARP members	Aspirin OR = 1.1 (0.78-1.57) Non-aspirin NSAIDs OR = 0.90 (0.55-1.43)	None
Tsibouris et al[23]	Case-control	BE: 382 EAC: 114	Daily use of non-aspirin NSAIDs OR = 0.30 (0.10-0.91) Daily use of low-dose aspirin OR = 1.21 (0.52-2.83 )	Non-aspirin NSAIDs
Beales et al[37]	Case-control	BE: 170 EAC: 85	Statins + aspirin OR = 0.31 (0.04-0.69)	Statins + aspirin
Nguyen et al[38]	Case-control	BE: 696 EAC: 116	All NSAIDs OR = 0.64 (0.42-0.97)	All NSAIDs
Vaughan et al[39]	Cohort	BE: 350 1731 PY	All NSAIDs OR = 0.20 (0.10-0.41)	All NSAIDs
Kastelein et al[40]	Cohort	BE: 570 4.5years	Non-aspirin NSAIDs OR = 0.50 (0.26-0.97) Aspirin OR = 0.67 (0.31-1.46)	Non-aspirin NSAIDs
Nguyen et al[41]	Cohort	BE: 344 2620 PY	All NSAIDs OR = 0.51 (0.25-1.04)	None
Gatenby et al[42]	Cohort	BE: 650 3683 PY	Non-aspirin NSAIDs OR = 0.90 (0.34-2.37) Aspirin OR = 0.72 (0.41-1.31)	None
Kantor et al[43]	Cohort	BE: 411 2805 PY	All NSAIDs OR = 0.46 (0.34-1.10)	None

PY: Patient years; EAC: Esophageal adenocarcinoma; BE: Barrett’s esophagus; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Table 2 Available epidemiological evidence of benefit of statin use in prevention of esophageal adenocarcinoma in patients with Barrett’s esophagus

Ref.	Typeof study	Size-follow-up	Effect on EAC rate	Benefi-cial effect
Hippisley- Cox et al[109]	Population based	General population 2004692 cases	Statins Men1 OR = 0.78 (0.66-0.91) Women1 OR = 0.68 (0.52-0.88) Simvastatin Men1 OR = 0.69 (0.50-0.94) Women1 OR = 0.82 (0.68-0.99) Atorvastatin Men1 OR = 0.73 (0.55-0.96) Women1 OR = 0.73 (0.47-1.13)	Statins1
Vinogradova et al[110]	Population based	General population 2004692 cases	Statins1 OR = 0.88 (077-1.01)	None1
Kaye et al[111]	Population based	Esophageal cancer: 9	Statins2 OR = 0.8 (0.3-1.8)	None2
Bhutta et al[112]	Population based	Esophageal cancer: 4242 Controls: 17233	Statins1 OR = 0.84 (0.73-0.95) Lipophylic statins1 OR = 0.86 (0.75-0.98) Hydrophilic statins1 OR = 0.71 (0.51-0.98)	Statins1
Beales et al[37]	Case-control	BE: 170 EAC: 85	Statins OR = 0.57 (0.28-0.94)	Statins
Kastelein et al[40]	Cohort	BE: 570 4.5 years	Statins OR = 0.46 (0.21-0.99) Statins + NSAIDs OR = 0.22 (0.06-0.85)	Statins Statins + NSAIDs
Nguyen et al[41]	Cohort	BE: 344 2620 PY	Statins OR = 0.55 (0.36-0.86)	Statins
Kantor et al[43]	Cohort	BE: 411 2805 PY	Statins OR = 0.68 (0.30-1.54) Statins + NSAIDs OR = 0.41 (0.13-1.26)	Statins + NSAIDs

¹Results pertain to esophageal carcinoma;

²Results pertaining to all cancers. PY: Patient years; EAC: Esophageal adenocarcinoma; BE: Barrett’s esophagus; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.