Efficacy of elobixibat for elderly patients with chronic constipation in a clinic

Table 1 Patient characteristics, n (%)

Number of patients	n = 80
Sex
Male	29 (36.3)
Female	51 (63.8)
Age	66.156 ± 13.961
Bristol Stool Form Scale
Type 1	18 (22.5)
Type 2	32 (40)
Type 3	30 (37.5)
Type 4	0 (0)
Type 5	0 (0)
Type 6	0 (0)
Type 7	0 (0)
1-week frequency of bowel movements before elobixibat administration	2.013 ± 0.639
Number of drugs to relieve constipation before elobixibat administration
0	28 (35)
1 magnesium oxide tablet	32 (40)
2 magnesium oxide tablets + sennoside	20 (25)
Comorbidity
Hypertension	38 (47.5)
Hyperlipidemia	36 (45)
Diabetes mellitus	35 (43.8)
Cerebrovascular disease	16 (20)
Chronic respiratory disease	13 (16.3)
Cardiac disease	22 (27.5)
Chronic hepatic disease	18 (22.5)
Chronic renal disease	10 (12.5)
Malignant disease	6 (7.5)
Post cholecystectomy	18 (22.5)

Table 2 Comparison of patient backgrounds by age, n (%)

	< 65 years old	≥ 65 years old	P value
Number of patients	35	45
Sex
Male	12 (34.3)	17 (37.8)	0.8171
Female	23 (65.7)	28 (62.2)	0.8171
Age	52.563 ± 9.648	76.023 ± 6.341	< 0.001
Pre-elobixibat defecation count/1-week frequency	2.167 ± 0.732	2.003 ± 0.733	0.9631
Pre-elobixibat Bristol Stool Form Scale/1-week score	2.286 ± 0.742	2.217 ± 0.758	0.8960
Number of drugs to relieve constipation before elobixibat administration
0	11 (31.4)	17 (37.8)	0.6397
1 magnesium oxide tablet	13 (37.1)	19 (42.2)	0.8183
2 magnesium oxide tablets + sennoside	7 (20)	13 (28.9)	0.0536
Comorbidity
Hypertension	10 (28.6)	28 (62.2)	0.0035
Hyperlipidemia	8 (22.9)	28 (62.2)	< 0.001
Diabetes mellitus	9 (25.7)	26 (57.8)	< 0.001
Cerebrovascular disease	5 (14.3)	11 (24.4)	0.3987
Chronic respiratory disease	3 (8.6)	10 (22.2)	0.1319
Cardiac disease	5 (14.3)	17 (37.8)	0.0241
Chronic hepatic disease	5 (14.3)	13 (28.9)	0.1775
Chronic renal disease	1 (2.9)	9 (20)	0.0370
Malignant disease	2 (7.7)	4 (8.9)	0.6945
Post cholecystectomy	6 (17.1)	12 (26.7)	0.4203

Table 3 Changes in bowel movements before and after elobixibat administration

Total: 80 cases		Comparison before and after elobixibat administration (P value)
Pre-elobixibat defecation count/1-week frequency	2.013 ± 0.639
Post-elobixibat defecation count/1-week frequency	4.394 ± 1.346	< 0.001
Pre-elobixibat BSFS/1-week score	2.181 ± 0.758
Post-elobixibat BSFS/1-week score	3.987 ± 0.855	< 0.001
< 65 years old
Pre-elobixibat defecation count/1-week frequency	2.167 ± 0.732
Post-elobixibat defecation count/1-week frequency	4.375 ± 1.163	< 0.001
Pre-elobixibat BSFS/1-week score	2.286 ± 0.742
Post-elobixibat BSFS/1-week score	3.995 ± 0.566	< 0.001
≥ 65 years old
Pre-elobixibat defecation count/1-week frequency	2.003 ± 0.733
Post-elobixibat defecation count/1-week frequency	4.402 ± 1.346	< 0.001
Pre-elobixibat BSFS/1-week score	2.217 ± 0.758
Post-elobixibat BSFS/1-week score	3.800 ± 0.704	< 0.001

BSFS: Bristol Stool Form Scale.

Table 4 Comparison of changes in bowel movement before and after administration of elobixibat by age

	< 65 years old	≥ 65 years old	P value
Pre-elobixibat defecation count/1-week frequency	2.167 ± 0.732	2.003 ± 0.733	0.9631
Post-elobixibat defecation count/1-week frequency	4.375 ± 1.163	4.402 ± 1.346	0.7745
Pre-elobixibat BSFS/1-week score	2.286 ± 0.742	2.217 ± 0.758	0.8960
Post-elobixibat BSFS/1-week score	3.995 ± 0.566	3.800 ± 0.704	0.1063

BSFS: Bristol Stool Form Scale.

Table 5 Comparison of adverse events to elobixibat by age, n (%)

	< 65 years old	≥ 65 years old	P value
Adverse events after elobixibat administration of elobixibat
Abdominal pain	4 (11.4)	4 (8.9)	0.7241
Diarrhea	4 (11.4)	4 (8.9)	0.7241
Total	8 (22.9)	8 (17.8)	0.5869