Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Nov 8, 2020; 11(5): 110-122
Published online Nov 8, 2020. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v11.i5.110
Table 1 Indication and contraindication for liver resection for liver metastases originated from gastric cancer.
IndicatedContraindicated
Radical resection of the primary GCTumor number of > 5
No tumor in the remnant liver (curability of LR)Peritoneal dissemination (incurability of LR)
Remnant liver volume of > 40%Extrahepatic unresectable site (incurability of LR)
Tumor number of ≤ 5
Any tumor size
No unresectable site (curability of LR)
Regardless of unilobular or bilobular LMGC
Regardless of cytology (CY0 or CY1)
Regardless of synchronous or metachronous LMGC
Table 2 Postoperative recurrence after the initial liver resection and additional surgery
Postoperative recurrence after the initial LR and additional surgeryn
The target sites at the first recurrences after the initial LR (n = 21)
Liver8
LNs5
Liver and LNs3
Lung2
Liver and lung2
Liver, LNs and peritoneum1
Peritoneum1
Additional surgeries for postoperative recurrences after the initial LR (n = 9)
LR3
LN dissection2
Lung resection2
LR and LN dissection1
LR and lung resection1
Table 3 Important factor for prognostic outcome after the initial liver resection
FactorP value
Univariate analyses
Number of LMGCActual number0.7670
Multiple vs solitary0.8215
Timing of LMGCMetachronous vs synchronous0.3282
Occupation of LMGCBilobular vs unilobular0.8605
The greatest dimensionActual dimension (mm)0.6264
Size of > 50 mm vs size of ≤ 50 mm0.2520
Serosal invasion (pathological T factor)PT4 vs pT1-30.0249
Curability of LRYes or no0.9999
Lymphatic invasion (pathological ly factor)Yes or no0.8004
Vessel invasion (athological v factor)Yes or no0.9999
Pathological differentiationTub vs others0.8004
Pathological LN metastasesYes or no0.6171
ChemotherapyYes or no0.4017
Multivariate analyses
Serosal invasion (pathological T factor)PT4 vs pT1-30.0052
Table 4 Univariate analyses for postoperative recurrence after the initial liver resection
FactorP value
Number of LMGCActual number0.7860
Multiple vs solitary0.9360
Timing of LMGCMetachronous vs synchronous0.0906
Occupation of LMGCBilobular vs unilobular0.5719
The greatest dimensionActual dimension (mm)0.7343
Size of > 50 mm vs size of ≤ 50 mm0.5719
Serosal invasion (pathological T factor)PT4 vs pT1-30.8033
Curability of LRYes or no0.9999
Lymphatic invasion (pathological ly factor)Yes or no0.9282
Vessel invasion (pathological v factor)Yes or no0.9999
Pathological differentiationTub vs others0.9282
Pathological LN metastasesYes or no0.9999
ChemotherapyYes or no0.9999
Table 5 Important factors for liver resection in patients with liver metastases originated from gastric cancer
Ref.YearSample sizeThe 5-yr OS rateImportant factors for recurrences and/or poor prognoses
Ambiru et al[18]2001400.180Synchronous LMGC
Okano et al[17]2002190.340Multiple LMGC; synchronous LMGC; pathological differentiation
Zacherl et al[12]2002150Multiple LMGC; bilobular LMGC; curability of LR
Saiura et al[19]2002100.200LN metastases
Shirab et al[8]2003360.260Number of LMGC (number of ≥ 3); curability of LR; lymphatic invasion; vessel invasion
Sasako et al[20]2007370.110Bilobular LMGC; the greatest dimension (size of > 4 cm)
Cheon et al[16]2008410.208Multiple LMGC
Makino et al[14]2010160.370Bilobular LMGC
Tsujimoto et al[10]2010170.315Multiple LMGC; the greatest dimension (size of > 6 cm); lymphatic invasion
Schildberg et al[15]2012310.130Multiple LMGC; synchronous LMGC
Takemura et al[9]2012640.370The greatest dimension (size of > 5 cm); serosal invasion
Matsuda et al[13]2013140.360Synchronous LMGC; bilobular LMGC; no chemotherapy
Kinoshita et al[5]20152560.313The greatest dimension (size of > 5 cm); serosal invasion; curability of LR; number of LMGC (number of ≥ 3)
Tatsubayashi et al[6]2017280.320Synchronous LMGC
Our study2020300.480Serosal invasion (pathological T factor)