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©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Jun 9, 2020; 11(2): 25-39
Published online Jun 9, 2020. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v11.i2.25
Published online Jun 9, 2020. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v11.i2.25
Table 1 Clinical and pathological characteristics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients
Feature | Level | Total cohort | Subcohort | ||
Invasive IPMN | Non-IPMN associated PDAC | P value | |||
Median (IQR) | |||||
Age (in yr) | 67.6 (60.0, 74.8) | 70.0 (64.1, 75.5) | 66.7 (59.4, 74.0) | 0.003 | |
Tumor size (in cm) | 3.5 (2.5, 5.0) | 3.0 (2.0, 4.5) | 3.6 (2.5, 5.2) | 0.012 | |
Median (95%CI) | |||||
PFS (in mo) | 21.0 (17.0, 27.0) | NR (47.0, NR) | 17.0 (13.0, 22.0) | < 0.001 | |
OS (in mo) | 21.0 (19.0, 24.0) | 60.0 (28.0, 69.0) | 19.0 (18.0, 22.0) | < 0.001 | |
n (%) | |||||
Gender (male/female) | Female | 243 (53.5) | 61 (53.0) | 182 (53.7) | 0.991 |
Male | 211 (46.5) | 54 (47.0) | 157 (46.3) | ||
Tumor differentiation | Well | 41 (9.0) | 15 (13.4) | 26 (7.9) | 0.103 |
Moderate | 271 (59.7) | 71 (63.4) | 200 (61.0) | ||
Poor | 128 (28.2) | 26 (23.2) | 102 (31.1) | ||
AJCC 8th ed staging system | T1 | 76 (16.7) | 32 (27.8) | 44 (13.0) | 0.003 |
T2 | 202 (44.5) | 46 (40.0) | 156 (46.2) | ||
T3 | 166 (36.6) | 36 (31.3) | 130 (38.5) | ||
AJCC 8th ed staging system | N0 | 216 (47.6) | 69 (60.0) | 147 (43.4) | 0.004 |
N1 | 181 (39.9) | 31 (27.0) | 150 (44.2) | ||
N2 | 57 (12.6) | 15 (13.0) | 42 (12.4) | ||
Lymphovascular invasion | Positive | 219 (48.2) | 44 (38.3) | 175 (51.6) | 0.011 |
Negative | 219 (48.2) | 69 (60.0) | 150 (44.2) | ||
Indetermi-nant | 16 (3.5) | 2 (1.7) | 14 (4.1) | ||
Perineural invasion | Positive | 366 (80.6) | 80 (69.6) | 286 (84.4) | 0.001 |
Negative | 82 (18.1) | 34 (29.6) | 48 (14.2) | ||
Indetermi-nant | 6 (1.3) | 1 (0.9) | 5 (1.5) | ||
Recurrence/metastasis | Present | 218 (48.0) | 43 (37.4) | 175 (51.6) | 0.015 |
Absent | 236 (52.0) | 72 (62.6) | 164 (48.4) | ||
Splenic parenchymal invasion | Present | 25 (5.5) | 2 (1.7) | 23 (6.9) | 0.067 |
Absent | 425 (93.6) | 113 (98.3) | 312 (93.1) |
Table 2 Univariate and multivariable analysis for progression-free survival and overall survival in invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
Feature | Level | PFS | OS | ||
HR (95%CI), P value | |||||
Gender | 1.67 (0.91-3.05), P = 0.10 | - | 1.33 (0.85-2.08), P = 0.22 | - | |
Age | 0.99 (0.96-1.02), P = 0.52 | - | 1.01 (0.98-1.03), P = 0.54 | - | |
Tumor size | 1.18 (1.05-1.32), P = 0.01 | - | 1.10 (1.00-1.21), P = 0.04 | - | |
Tumor differentiation | Well | - | - | - | - |
Moderate | 2.71 (0.82-8.91), P = 0.10 | 12290265.82 (0.00-Inf), P = 1.00 | 1.04 (0.53-2.02), P = 0.92 | 1.62 (0.34-7.66), P = 0.55 | |
Poor | 3.88 (1.06-14.27), P = 0.04 | 2274054.50 (0.00-Inf), P = 1.00 | 2.31 (1.10-4.86), P = 0.03 | 1.78 (0.15-20.67), P = 0.64 | |
Positive lymph node | 1.19 (1.05-1.35), P = 0.01 | - | 1.19 (1.07-1.31), P < 0.01 | - | |
T stage (AJCC 8th edition staging manual) | T1 | - | - | - | - |
T2 | 2.69 (1.14-6.37), P = 0.02 | 0.81 (0.07-9.31), P = 0.87 | 1.65 (0.92-2.97), P = 0.09 | 0.89 (0.09-8.48), P = 0.92 | |
T3 | 3.48 (1.42-8.51), P = 0.01 | 5.29 (0.44-62.97), P = 0.19 | 2.28 (1.23-4.24), P = 0.01 | 26.22 (2.13-322.77), P = 0.01 | |
N stage (AJCC 8th edition staging manual) | N0 | - | - | - | - |
N1 | 2.03 (1.03-4.02), P = 0.04 | 13.78 (1.15-165.63), P = 0.04 | 1.58 (0.93-2.67), P = 0.09 | 1.17 (0.24-5.70), P = 0.85 | |
N2 | 3.65 (1.60-8.34), P < 0.01 | 29.12 (0.87-979.78), P = 0.06 | 2.52 (1.36-4.65), P < 0.01 | 1.63 (0.10-27.11), P = 0.73 | |
Lymphovascular invasion | 2.12 (1.16-3.90), P = 0.02 | 0.31 (0.04-2.41), P = 0.26 | 1.43 (0.90-2.28), P = 0.13 | - | |
Perineural invasion | 1.99 (0.98-4.04), P = 0.06 | - | 2.45 (1.39-4.33), P < 0.01 | 2.67 (0.54-13.22), P = 0.23 | |
Splenic artery invasion | 5.30 (1.41-19.94), P = 0.01 | 2.44 (0.10-62.16), P = 0.59 | 1.70 (0.59-4.88), P = 0.32 | - | |
Splenic vein invasion | 18.69 (4.57-76.48), P < 0.01 | 5.28 (0.22-129.25), P = 0.31 | 2.66 (1.08-6.55), P = 0.03 | 5.62 (0.61-51.99), P = 0.13 | |
Positive margin | 1.25 (0.30-5.19), P = 0.76 | - | 3.14 (1.49-6.62), P < 0.01 | 0.00 (0.00-Inf), P = 1.00 | |
Splenic parenchyma invasion | 14.93 (1.83-121.81), P = 0.01 | 1.00 (1.00-1.00), P = NaN | 1.23 (0.17-8.87), P = 0.84 | - | |
Adjuvant radiation therapy | 0.97 (0.52-1.81), P = 0.92 | - | 0.81 (0.48-1.37), P = 0.43 | - | |
Adjuvant chemotherapy | 2.50 (0.89-7.00), P = 0.08 | - | 0.69 (0.39-1.22), P = 0.20 | - | |
Radiographic splenic artery invasion | 2.12 (0.85-5.29), P = 0.11 | - | 1.45 (0.59-3.56), P = 0.41 | - | |
Radiographic splenic vein invasion | 2.27 (1.04-4.94), P = 0.04 | 2.88 (0.33-24.96), P = 0.34 | 1.46 (0.68-3.13), P = 0.33 | - |
Table 3 Univariate and multivariable analysis for progression-free survival and overall survival in non-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Feature | Level | PFS | OS | ||
HR (95%CI), P value | |||||
Gender | 0.89 (0.66-1.20), P = 0.43 | - | 1.05 (0.82-1.35), P = 0.69 | - | |
Age | 0.99 (0.98-1.01), P = 0.29 | - | 1.01 (1.00-1.03), P = 0.05 | 1.00 (0.98-1.02), P = 0.93 | |
Tumor size | 1.07 (0.99-1.15), P = 0.09 | - | 1.08 (1.02-1.16), P = 0.01 | - | |
Tumor differentiation | Well | - | - | - | - |
Moderate | 1.11 (0.64-1.91), P = 0.71 | - | 1.33 (0.78-2.27), P = 0.29 | 1.56 (0.65-3.78), P = 0.32 | |
Poor | 1.21 (0.68-2.14), P = 0.52 | - | 1.72 (0.99-2.98), P = 0.05 | 2.23 (0.90-5.53), P = 0.08 | |
Positive lymph node | 1.06 (1.01-1.12), P = 0.03 | - | 1.08 (1.03-1.13), P < 0.01 | - | |
T stage (AJCC 8th edition staging manual) | T1 | - | - | - | - |
T2 | 1.39 (0.83-2.31), P = 0.21 | 1.22 (0.73-2.05), P = 0.45 | 0.97 (0.64-1.46), P = 0.87 | 1.12 (0.57-2.20), P = 0.73 | |
T3 | 1.56 (0.92-2.62), P = 0.10 | 1.19 (0.68-2.07), P = 0.54 | 1.33 (0.88-2.03), P = 0.18 | 0.80 (0.39-1.64), P = 0.54 | |
N stage (AJCC 8th edition staging manual) | N0 | - | - | - | - |
N1 | 1.73 (1.25-2.39), P < 0.01 | 1.59 (1.09-2.32), P = 0.02 | 1.75 (1.33-2.32), P < 0.01 | 2.54 (1.41-4.58), P < 0.01 | |
N2 | 1.57 (0.96-2.56), P = 0.07 | 1.47 (0.82-2.63), P = 0.20 | 1.83 (1.23-2.72), P < 0.01 | 2.45 (0.92-6.51), P = 0.07 | |
Lymphovascular invasion | 1.43 (1.05-1.95), P = 0.02 | 1.07 (0.73-1.56), P = 0.74 | 1.46 (1.12-1.89), P < 0.01 | 0.82 (0.45-1.49), P = 0.51 | |
Perineural invasion | 1.16 (0.76-1.78), P = 0.48 | - | 1.19 (0.83-1.73), P = 0.35 | - | |
Splenic artery invasion | 1.41 (0.71-2.80), P = 0.33 | - | 1.38 (0.81-2.36), P = 0.24 | - | |
Splenic vein invasion | 1.35 (0.82-2.23), P = 0.24 | - | 2.09 (1.44-3.03), P < 0.01 | 1.59 (0.83-3.02), P = 0.16 | |
Positive margin | 0.78 (0.43-1.40), P = 0.40 | - | 1.20 (0.78-1.82), P = 0.41 | - | |
Splenic invasion | 1.65 (0.95-2.85), P = 0.07 | - | 1.32 (0.82-2.11), P = 0.25 | - | |
Adjuvant radiation therapy | 0.93 (0.69-1.27), P = 0.66 | - | 0.85 (0.64-1.12), P = 0.25 | - | |
Adjuvant chemotherapy | 1.45 (0.90-2.34), P = 0.13 | - | 0.51 (0.37-0.71), P < 0.01 | 0.34 (0.20-0.58), P < 0.01 | |
Radiographic splenic artery invasion | 1.27 (0.87-1.84), P = 0.21 | - | 1.13 (0.81-1.59), P = 0.47 | - | |
Radiographic splenic vein invasion | 1.26 (0.88-1.80), P = 0.20 | - | 1.51 (1.10-2.07), P = 0.01 | 1.08 (0.65-1.80), P = 0.75 |
- Citation: Yin F, Saad M, Xie H, Lin J, Jackson CR, Ren B, Lawson C, Karamchandani DM, Bernabeu BQ, Jiang W, Dhir T, Zheng R, Schultz CW, Zhang D, Thomas CL, Zhang X, Lai J, Schild M, Zhang X, Liu X. Validation of American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition of TNM staging in resected distal pancreatic cancer. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2020; 11(2): 25-39
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2150-5349/full/v11/i2/25.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4292/wjgpt.v11.i2.25