Clinical outcomes of upadacitinib dose escalation in inflammatory bowel disease: A single-center retrospective cohort study

Figure 1 The changes in the number of patients before and after the drug dosage was increased. A: Corticosteroid use before and after dose escalation. The number of patients receiving systemic corticosteroids decreased from 28 to 18 (McNemar’s P = 0.031). Four patients initiated corticosteroids after escalation, whereas 14 discontinued therapy; B: Patients with ≥ 1 inflammatory bowel disease-related hospitalization or emergency department visit before and after dose escalation. The number of patients with at least one event decreased from 18 to 11 (McNemar’s P = 0.118). Eleven patients with a prior event had no subsequent events after escalation, whereas four experienced a new event. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.