Prevalence of hypercoagulable states in stented thrombotic iliac vein compression syndrome with comparison of re-intervention and anticoagulation regimens

Table 1 Baseline demographics

Variable	Summary (n = 65)
Median age in years (interquartile range)	54 (41-63)
Median BMI in kg/m2 (interquartile range)	28 (25.1-32.7)
Gender
Male	38 (58.5%)
Female	27 (41.5%)
Clinical symptoms
Lower extremity swelling	57 (87.7%)
Lower extremity pain	44 (67.7%)
Venous stasis ulceration	7 (10.8%)
Varicose veins	3 (4.6%)
Pelvic pain	2 (3.1%)
Symptomatic side
Left	49 (75.4%)
Right	14 (21.5%)
Bilateral	2 (3.1%)
Thrombophilia risk factor
Young age (< 40 yr)	24 (35.9%)
Family history	12 (18.5%)
Unprovoked	16 (24.6%)
VTE provoking factor
Prolonged immobilization	15 (23.1%)
Malignancy	13 (20.0%)
Recent surgery	5 (7.7%)
Trauma	5 (7.7%)
Pregnancy	7 (14.6%)
Hormonal supplement	4 (6.2%)
None	16 (24.6%)

BMI: Body mass index; VTE: Venous thrombosis.

Table 2 Procedure details

Variable	Summary (n = 65)
Pre-procedure CIV patency
Stenosis	47 (72.3%)
Occlusion	16 (24.6%)
In-stent thrombosis	2 (3.1%)
Stent location
Left CIV	50 (76.9%)
Right CIV	11 (16.9%)
Bilateral CIV	4 (6.2%)
Stent type
Wallstent	51 (78.5%)
Venovo	9 (13.8%)
Smart	2 (3.1%)
Vici	3 (4.6%)
CIV stent balloon dilation diameter (mm)
12	1 (1.5%)
14	14 (21.5%)
16	28 (43.1%)
18	19 (29.2%)
20	3 (4.6%)
Additional stented segments
External iliac vein	54 (83.1%)
Common femoral vein	45 (69.2%)
Simultaneous endovascular interventions
Thrombolysis	25 (38.5%)
Thrombectomy	17 (26.2%)
CIV filter retrieval	3 (4.6%)

CIV: Common iliac vein.

Table 3 Complications by thrombophilia testing

Thrombophilia work-up (n = 33)	Positive (n = 16)	Negative (n = 17)
Clinical success
Stent patency	14 (87.5%)	12 (70.6%)
1 mo	12 of 13 (92.3%)	13 of 16 (81.3%)
6 mo	10 of 12 (83.3%)	12 of 15 (80%)
12 mo	7 of 9 (77.8%)	10 of 13 (76.9%)
Stent thrombosis	2 (12.5%)	4 (23.5%)
Anticoagulated during stent thrombosis	1 of 2 (50%)	2 of 4 (50%)
Re-intervention rates	4 (25%)	6 (35.3%)
Number of re-interventions
1	50%	67%
2	0%	33%
3	25%	0%
4	25%	0%