Shoulder adhesive capsulitis in cancer patients undergoing positron emission tomography - computed tomography and the association with shoulder pain

Table 1 The total number and types of cancers that were included in our patient population

Type of cancer	Total number
Lymphoma	61
Lung	54
Breast	53
Head and neck	12
Thyroid	10
Colon	9
Melanoma	9
Multiple myeloma	9
Endometrial	6
Pancreas	5
Bladder	5
Prostate	4
Kidney	3
Sarcoma	3
Esophageal	3
Other1	24

¹”Other” cancers were cases in which the primary tumor type was not yet determined, but the patient already had metastatic disease, or cancer types which had only 2 or fewer patients including stomach, Castleman’s disease, bone, cervical, ovarian, neurofibromatosis type 1 small bowel mass, brain, carcinoid, cholangiocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma, penile, anal, Merckel cell, cardiac, tracheal, and rectal cancers.

Table 2 Standard uptake value measurements of right and left shoulders in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients

Left shoulder	Total (n = 200)	Asymptomatic (n = 143)	Symptomatic (n = 57)	P value
RI SUVmax	1.7 ± 0.9	1.6 ± 0.7	2.0 ± 1.1	< 0.001
RI SUVmean	1.4 ± 0.7	1.3 ± 0.6	1.6 ± 0.9	0.002
Deltoid SUVmax	0.9 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.3	1.0 ± 0.3	0.068
Deltoid SUVmean	0.8 ± 0.3	0.8 ± 0.3	0.8 ± 0.3	0.281
Normalized SUVmax	1.9 ± 1.3	1.9 ± 1.0	2.0 ± 1.5	0.125
Normalized SUVmean	1.8 ± 1.2	1.8 ± 1.1	1.9 ± 1.6	0.112
Right shoulder	Total (n = 200)	Asymptomatic (n = 143)	Symptomatic (n = 57)	P value
RI SUVmax	1.9 ± 0.8	1.8 ± 0.8	2.2 ± 0.7	0.002
RI SUVmean	1.5 ± 0.7	1.5 ± 0.7	1.8 ± 0.8	0.012
Deltoid SUVmax	0.9 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.3	0.279
Deltoid SUVmean	0.7 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.3	0.160
Normalized SUVmax	2.2 ± 1.1	2.2 ± 1.1	2.3 ± 1.5	0.105
Normalized SUVmean	2.1 ± 1.0	2.2 ± 1.0	2.1 ± 1.1	0.392

P value was calculated using Wilcoxon rank sum test and median with Inter Quartile Ratio were reported. These results were unadjusted comparisons. RI: Rotator interval; SUV: Standard uptake value.

Table 3 Multiple linear regression analyses showing association between right or left shoulder standard uptake value measurements and symptom status after adjusting for covariates, stratified by cancer type

Cancer type	Left RI SUVmax		Right RI SUVmax
	Value	95%CI	Value	95%CI
Breast	0.36	-0.37, 0.44	0.13	-0.51, 0.54
Lung	0.65	0.24, 1.07	0.56	0.14, 0.97
Lymphoma	0.28	-0.14, 0.70	0.08	-0.34, 0.51
Multiple	0.25	-0.21, 0.71	0.23	-0.01, 1.12
Other	0.57	0.23, 0.91	0.22	-0.21, 0.65
Cancer type	Left RI SUVmean		Right RI SUVmean
	Value	95%CI	Value	95%CI
Breast	0.05	-0.30, 0.39	-0.03	-0.46, 0.41
Lung	0.50	0.14, 0.86	0.45	0.11, 0.80
Lymphoma	0.19	-0.17, 0.55	-0.06	-0.42, 0.29
Multiple	0.19	-0.21, 0.58	0.45	-0.02, 0.92
Other	0.44	0.14, 0.73	0.28	-0.08, 0.64

There was no statistically significant results for deltoid SUV measurements and normalized SUV measurements for right and left shoulders (results not shown). RI: Rotator interval; SUV: Standard uptake value.