Transcatheter arterial embolization for chest wall metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 1 Contrast-enhanced computed tomography shows massive right hemothorax, tumor stain, and extravasation of contrast agent (arrow) in the right chest wall.

Figure 2 Arteriography shows tumor stain and extravasation of contrast agent (arrows). A: Right fourth intercostal artery; B: Right fifth intercostal artery.

Figure 3 After embolization with gelatin sponge particles and isolation with microcoils, arteriography shows disappearance of the tumor stain and extravasation of contrast agent. A: Right fourth intercostal artery; B: Right fifth intercostal artery.

Figure 4 Contrast-enhanced computed tomography shows residual tumor stain in the right chest wall, it shows decreased tumor volume from radiation treatment (arrow). A: Two months after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE); B: 9 mo after TAE.