Mesenteric venous thrombosis in a young adult: A case report and review of the literature

Figure 1 Ultrasonography of the abdominal and portal veins. A: The portal vein lumen displays hypoechoic filling with a solid echo (orange arrows), indicating thrombosis; B: Thrombosis in the lumen of the posterior pancreatic spleen vein (orange arrows) was suspected; C: The absence of a blood flow signal in the portal vein (orange arrows) suggests thrombosis.

Figure 2 Indirect and direct portal venography conducted on February 29, 2024. A: Indirect portal venography showed an underdeveloped portal vein (orange arrows); B: Direct portal vein angiography showed significant filling defects (orange arrows), indicating thrombosis; C: Partial visualisation of the portal vein (orange arrows) during intraoperative angiography after thrombolysis via an indwelling biliary drainage tube.

Figure 3 Portal venography and mechanical thrombectomy performed on March 5, 2024. A: Portal vein angiography showed persistent filling defects in the inferior mesenteric and splenic veins (orange arrows), suggesting thrombosis; B: Filling defects in the superior mesenteric vein (orange arrows), indicating thrombosis; C: Successful visualisation of the left and right branches of the portal vein (orange arrows) after mechanical thrombectomy; D: Approximately 20 mL of thrombus was aspirated following mechanical thrombectomy.

Figure 4 Indirect portal vein angiography after thrombolysis on March 7, 2024. Indirect portal vein angiography after repeated thrombolysis showed the development of the portal vein.

Figure 5 Portal venography before and after treatment. A: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) performed on February 29, 2024, revealed an underdeveloped portal vein; B: Repeat CTA of the portal vein confirmed its development, and revealed that the portal vein was visible and collateral circulation has formed.