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Holmström A. Radiography students' learning of plain X-ray examinations in clinical practice: An ethnographic study. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2025; 56:101758. [PMID: 40020337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Learning of plain x-ray examinations in clinical practice is the core element of becoming a professional in diagnostic radiography. Learning in clinical practice is situated in an authentic socio-cultural context promoting students' learning from legitimate peripheral participation to full participation. The purpose of this study was to describe and understand radiography students' learning of plain X-ray examinations in clinical practice. METHODS The data consisted of observations, learning diaries and interviews of 17 radiography students and the researcher's own field notes regarding students' clinical practice of plain X-ray examinations. Learning was studied from the perspective of interpretive ethnography. Data were analyzed by the constant comparative method. RESULTS In clinical practice, radiography students' learning was governed by a learning culture requiring the ability to interpret and adapt to the prevailing learning styles of the clinical practice contexts. The learning styles were: 1) learning towards expertise through collaboration, 2) learning actively through student's solo work and 3) learning by working in the background and following instructions. In these learning styles, the extent and depth of the learning content, patient care and imaging varied. Learning methods, learning in cooperation, students' solo working and learning under radiographers' changeable guidance differed as well. Students' learning was impacted by the factors radiographer's supervision and student's learning space. According to students' own evaluation, the learning outcomes regarding theory-practice connection were achieved to a variable extent. CONCLUSION Learning culture provided variable opportunities for the socio-cultural context to promote students' learning in clinical practice. The results can be applied when developing and implementing radiography students' clinical practice. Further research could focus on strengthening the curriculum towards cooperative learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Holmström
- Oulu University of Applied Sciences, School of Health and Social Care, Kiviharjuntie 4, 90220 Oulu, Finland; University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
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Bolejko A, Mussmann BR, Debess J, Henner A, Sanderud A, Andersson BT, Saukko E, Fridell K. Factors of importance for the development of evidence-based practice amongst radiographers in public healthcare. Radiography (Lond) 2025; 31:1-5. [PMID: 39481181 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2024.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 10/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research evidence suggests that radiographers often rely on previous training, traditional practices, work experience and protocols developed within the department rather than up-to-date research-based evidence in their daily practice. The aim of the study was to investigate factors that might impact the development of evidence-based practice amongst radiographers in clinical public settings in the Nordic countries. METHODS An online survey was performed amongst 640 radiographers in four Nordic countries. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to investigate the odds ratio (OR) of facilitators for and barriers to radiographers' development of evidence-based practice. RESULTS A reflective approach in everyday practice and being aware of the current research evidence were significant facilitators for radiographers' development of evidence-based practice (OR ≥ 3.10, p < 0.001). Discussing research with colleagues and managers was associated with engagement in the utilisation of evidence (OR 7.21, p < 0.001). Difficulties in evaluating research evidence represented the only significant barrier (OR 1.84, p 0.009). CONCLUSION A critical approach amongst radiographers in their performance of healthcare in diagnostic imaging, and the development of their academic skills to improve awareness of the available research evidence are important factors for developing evidence-based practice in radiography. Leadership is crucial for the engagement of radiographers in the development of evidence-based practice. Management should facilitate the development of a learning culture within diagnostic imaging. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The results provide suggestions for the development of a learning culture, proactive and person-centred leadership, and strategic management for the provision of research infrastructure, all of which contribute to the further integration of evidence-based practice in radiography. Also, the study results suggest the importance of shared responsibility for creating a critical fellowship in diagnostic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bolejko
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - B R Mussmann
- Research and Innovation Unit of Radiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - J Debess
- Department of Radiography, University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - A Henner
- School of Health and Social Care, Oulu University of Applied Sciences Ltd, Oulu, Finland
| | - A Sanderud
- Department of Decommissioning, Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning, Norway; Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - B T Andersson
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - E Saukko
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - K Fridell
- School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Sweden
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Eturajulu RC, Tan MP, Zakaria MI, Chinna K, Ng KH. Development of the modified Safety Attitude Questionnaire for the medical imaging department. Singapore Med J 2025; 66:33-40. [PMID: 36751846 PMCID: PMC11809747 DOI: 10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2021-254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medical errors commonly occur in medical imaging departments. These errors are frequently influenced by patient safety culture. This study aimed to develop a suitable patient safety culture assessment tool for medical imaging departments. METHODS Staff members of a teaching hospital medical imaging department were invited to complete the generic short version of the Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ). Internal consistency and reliability were evaluated using Cronbach's α. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine model fit. A cut-off of 60% was used to define the percentage positive responses (PPR). PPR values were compared between occupational groups. RESULTS A total of 300 complete responses were received and the response rate was 75.4%. In reliability analysis, the Cronbach's α for the original 32-item SAQ was 0.941. Six subscales did not demonstrate good fit with CFA. A modified five-subscale, 22-item model (SAQ-MI) showed better fit (goodness-to-fit index ≥0.9, comparative fit index ≥ 0.9, Tucker-Lewis index ≥0.9 and root mean square error of approximation ≤0.08). The Cronbach's α for the 22 items was 0.921. The final five subscales were safety and teamwork climate, job satisfaction, stress recognition, perception of management and working condition, with PPR of 62%, 68%, 57%, 61% and 60%, respectively. Statistically significant differences in PPR were observed between radiographers, doctors and others occupational groups. CONCLUSION The modified five-factor, 22-item SAQ-MI is a suitable tool for the evaluation of patient safety culture in a medical imaging department. Differences in patient safety culture exist between occupation groups, which will inform future intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maw Pin Tan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Idzwan Zakaria
- Academic Unit, Trauma and Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Karuthan Chinna
- Faculty of Business and Management, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kwan Hoong Ng
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
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Freihat R, Jimenez Y, Lewis S, Kench P. Radiographers and other radiology workers' education and training in infection prevention and control: A scoping review. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 30:1536-1545. [PMID: 39340929 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2024.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infection prevention and control (IPC) is crucial in healthcare settings, particularly during pandemics like COVID-19. Radiographers play a vital role in maintaining patient safety by following IPC guidelines. However, there is concern that inadequate knowledge and practice of IPC among radiographers may compromise patient safety. Education and training programs can enhance radiographers' understanding of IPC to maintain safety in radiology departments. This scoping review aims to explore the literature on the knowledge of radiographers in IPC and the effectiveness of IPC education/training programs provided to radiographers and other healthcare workers (HCWs) in the radiology department, with a specific focus on the periods before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute's framework. The steps involved were: Define objectives and questions, align inclusion criteria with objectives, planning the evidence search and extraction, searching for evidence, selecting relevant evidence, extracting evidence, analysing evidence, presenting results, and summarising findings and noting implications. RESULTS Sixty-eight articles were included. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, practices among radiology HCWs were suboptimal, but improved significantly during the pandemic. During the pandemic, radiology departments implemented education programs to address inconsistence knowledge in IPC. Unfortunately, no studies explored IPC practices after the pandemic, leaving uncertainty about sustained improvements or potential regression. CONCLUSION The review highlights the limited assessment of IPC knowledge and practice among radiology HCWs, with most studies recommending further education and training programs. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This scoping review explored IPC education and training among radiology HCWs, which is an important research topic after the COVID-19 pandemic to help reduce infection transmission in healthcare environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Freihat
- The Discipline of Medical Imaging Sciences, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia.
| | - Y Jimenez
- The Discipline of Medical Imaging Sciences, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia.
| | - S Lewis
- The Discipline of Medical Imaging Sciences, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia.
| | - P Kench
- The Discipline of Medical Imaging Sciences, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia.
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Baker C, Nugent B, Grainger D, Hewis J, Malamateniou C. Systematic review of MRI safety literature in relation to radiofrequency thermal injury prevention. J Med Radiat Sci 2024; 71:445-460. [PMID: 38937923 PMCID: PMC11569411 DOI: 10.1002/jmrs.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a rapidly evolving modality, generally considered safe due to lack of ionising radiation. While MRI technology and techniques are improving, many of the safety concerns remain the same as when first established. Patient thermal injuries are the most frequently reported adverse event, accounting for 59% of MRI incidents to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Surveys indicate many incidents remain unreported. Patient thermal injuries are preventable and various methods for their mitigation have been published. However, recommendations can be variable, fragmented and confusing. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the evidence on MRI safety and associated skin injuries and offer comprehensive recommendations for radiographers to prevent skin thermal injuries. METHODS Four journal databases were searched for sources published January 2010-May 2023, presenting information on MRI safety and thermal injuries. RESULTS Of 26,801 articles returned, after careful screening and based on the eligibility criteria, only 79 articles and an additional 19 grey literature sources were included (n = 98). Included studies were examined using thematic analysis to determine if holistic recommendations can be provided to assist in preventing skin burns. This resulted in three simplified recommendations: Remove any electrically conductive items Insulate the patient to prevent any conductive loops or contact with objects Communicate regularly CONCLUSION: By implementing the above recommendations, it is estimated that 97% of skin burns could be prevented. With thermal injuries continuing to impact MRI safety, strategies to prevent skin burns and heating are essential. Assessing individual risks, rather than blanket policies, will help prevent skin thermal injuries occurring, improving patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Baker
- Qscan RadiologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Division of Midwifery and Radiography, Department of RadiographyCity University of London School of Health & Psychological SciencesLondonUK
| | - Barbara Nugent
- Division of Midwifery and Radiography, Department of RadiographyCity University of London School of Health & Psychological SciencesLondonUK
- MRI Safety MattersEdinburghUK
| | - David Grainger
- Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory AgencyLondonUK
| | - Johnathan Hewis
- School of Dentistry and Medical SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityPort MacquarieNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Christina Malamateniou
- Division of Midwifery and Radiography, Department of RadiographyCity University of London School of Health & Psychological SciencesLondonUK
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Suttho D. Establishment of National Diagnostic Reference Levels for Administered Activity in Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine in Thailand. J Nucl Med Technol 2024; 52:158-162. [PMID: 38627011 DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.123.266836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic reference level (DRL) is a patient-exposure optimization tool used to evaluate radiation doses in medical imaging and provide guidance for protection from them. In Thailand, nuclear medicine DRLs have not been established yet. Therefore, this study surveyed dose levels in routine nuclear medicine procedures to provide national DRLs (NDRLs). Methods: NDRLs in Thailand were established by investigating the administered activity of radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine examination studies. The NDRLs were determined on the basis of the 75th percentile (third quartile) of administered activity distribution as recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. As part of a nationwide survey, datasets for the period between June 1, 2018, and August 31, 2019, were collected from 21 Thailand hospitals with nuclear medicine equipment. All hospitals were asked to report the nuclear medicine imaging devices in use, the standard protocol parameters for selected examinations, the injected activities, and the ages and weights of patients. All data were calculated to determine Thailand NDRLs, which were compared with international NDRLs. Results: The data reported by the 21 hospitals consisted of 4,641 examinations with SPECT or SPECT/CT for general nuclear medicine and 409 examinations with PET. The most widely performed examinations for SPECT were bone, thyroid, oncology, and cardiovascular imaging. The NDRLs for SPECT or SPECT/CT agreed well with published NDRLs for Europe, the United States, Japan, Korea, Kuwait, and Australia. In contrast, the NDRLs for 18F-FDG PET in oncology studies were higher than for Japan, Korea, Kuwait, and Australia but lower than for the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union. Conclusion: This study presents NDRL results for adults in Thailand as a way to optimize radiation protection in nuclear medicine imaging. Moreover, the reported injected activity levels were comparable to those of other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dutsadee Suttho
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Khlong Nueng, Thailand
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Dudhe SS, Mishra G, Parihar P, Nimodia D, Kumari A. Radiation Dose Optimization in Radiology: A Comprehensive Review of Safeguarding Patients and Preserving Image Fidelity. Cureus 2024; 16:e60846. [PMID: 38910606 PMCID: PMC11191847 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation dose optimization in radiology is a critical aspect of modern healthcare, aimed at balancing the necessity of diagnostic imaging with the imperative of patient safety. This comprehensive review explores the fundamental principles, techniques, and considerations in optimizing radiation dose to safeguard patients while preserving image fidelity. Beginning with acknowledging the inherent risks associated with medical radiation exposure, the review highlights strategies such as the As Low as Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) principle, technological advancements, and quality assurance measures to minimize radiation dose without compromising diagnostic accuracy. Regulatory guidelines and the importance of patient education and informed consent are also discussed. Through a synthesis of current knowledge and emerging trends, the review underscores the pivotal role of radiation dose optimization in radiology practice. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for ongoing research and collaboration to advance dose reduction strategies, establish standards for radiation safety, and explore personalized dose optimization approaches. By prioritizing radiation dose optimization, healthcare providers can ensure the highest standards of patient care while minimizing potential risks associated with medical radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi S Dudhe
- Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Pratapsingh Parihar
- Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Devyansh Nimodia
- Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Anjali Kumari
- Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Al Balushi H, Watts H, Akudjedu TN. Research and evidence-based practice in clinical radiography: A systematic review of barriers and recommendations for a new direction. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 30:538-559. [PMID: 38290178 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Existing literature provides valuable insight into the application of evidence-based practice (EBP) in Radiography; however, it primarily focuses on localised, context-specific scenarios within individual countries or institutions. This review aims to systematically explore the barriers to EBP and research implementation in clinical Radiography practice internationally. METHODOLOGY A mixed-method systematic review was implemented to obtain data from primary studies of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods designs. Articles were searched between June and July 2023 from the following scientific databases: PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Science Direct and manual search dating from 2003 to July 2023. The reviewed studies were subjected to data extraction and results-based convergent synthesis. RESULTS A total of 376 articles were identified through electronic database search and citation screening after the removal of duplicates. Thirty-one studies met the predetermined inclusion criteria and were included for this review. The challenges to EBP implementation in clinical Radiography are broadly themed around professional and personal obligations, motivation and organisational culture, knowledge and skill gaps, resources and opportunities, and institutional governance. CONCLUSION Globally, clinical radiographers perceived a high level of motivation and interest towards research activities. However, numerous barriers were reported such as insufficient time allocation for research, lack of resources, lack of research culture and inadequate research-related skills and knowledge. A transition towards greater evidence-based practice precipitates the quality of clinical Radiography services, augmenting efficiency in the workflow process and enriching patient experience. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Radiography managers must develop strategies that aim to stimulate radiographers to initiate research projects. Beyond allocation of protected time, managers should inspire staff participation in research activities through implementation of effective departmental level culture and governance for quality service delivery and improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Al Balushi
- Institute of Medical Imaging & Visualisation, Department of Medical Science & Public Health, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, UK; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman
| | - H Watts
- Radiology, James Cook University Hospital, South Tees NHS Trust, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BW, UK; Teesside University, School of Health & Life Sciences, Centuria Building, Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - T N Akudjedu
- Institute of Medical Imaging & Visualisation, Department of Medical Science & Public Health, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, UK.
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Stefanska A, Bergmann K, Suwała S, Mankowska-Cyl A, Kozinski M, Junik R, Krintus M, Panteghini M. Performance Evaluation of a Novel Non-Invasive Test for the Detection of Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Metabolites 2024; 14:52. [PMID: 38248855 PMCID: PMC10819013 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) may progress to advanced liver fibrosis (ALF). We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of a novel Liver Fibrosis Risk Index (LFRI) in MAFLD subjects using transient elastography (TE) as the reference method for liver fibrosis measurement and then the diagnostic performance of a new two-step non-invasive algorithm for the detection of ALF risk in MAFLD, using Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) followed by LFRI and comparing it to the reference algorithm based on FIB-4 and TE. We conducted a prospective study on 104 MAFLD European adult subjects. All consenting subjects underwent TE and measurements of FIB-4 and LFRI. For FIB-4 and TE, validated cut-offs were used. An ROC analysis showed that LFRI diagnosed severe fibrosis with moderate accuracy in MAFLD subjects with a negative predictive value above 90%. Using the new algorithm with LFRI thresholds recommended by the manufacturer, the number of subjects classified into ALF risk groups (low, intermediate, or high) differed significantly when compared with the reference algorithm (p = 0.001), with moderate agreement between them (weighted kappa (95% CI) = 0.59 (0.41-0.77)). To improve the performance of the LFRI-based algorithm, we modified cut-off points based on ROC curves obtained by dividing the study population according to the reference algorithm and observed no difference between algorithms (p = 0.054) in categorizing ALF risk, with a slight increase in the total agreement (weighted kappa (95% CI) = 0.63 (0.44-0.82)). Our findings suggest that using the novel LFRI as a second-line test may represent a potential alternative for liver fibrosis risk stratification in MAFLD patients; however, modified cut-offs are needed to optimize its performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stefanska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.B.); (A.M.-C.); (M.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Bergmann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.B.); (A.M.-C.); (M.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Szymon Suwała
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (S.S.); (R.J.)
| | - Aneta Mankowska-Cyl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.B.); (A.M.-C.); (M.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Marek Kozinski
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University in Gdansk, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland;
| | - Roman Junik
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (S.S.); (R.J.)
| | - Magdalena Krintus
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.B.); (A.M.-C.); (M.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Mauro Panteghini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.B.); (A.M.-C.); (M.K.); (M.P.)
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Dutruel SP, Hentel KD, Hecht EM, Kadom N. Patient-Centered Radiology Communications: Engaging Patients as Partners. J Am Coll Radiol 2024; 21:7-18. [PMID: 37863150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Patient-centered care is a model in which, by bringing the patient's perspective to the design and delivery of health care, we can better meet patients' needs, enhancing the quality of care. Patient-centered care requires finding ways to communicate effectively with a diverse patient population that has various levels of health literacy, cultural backgrounds, and unique needs and preferences. Moreover, multimedia resources have the potential to inform and educate patients promoting greater independence. In this review, we discuss the fundamentals of communication with the different modes used in radiology and the key elements of effective communication. Then, we highlight five opportunities along the continuum of care in the radiology practice in which we can improve communications to empower our patients and families and strengthen this partnership. Lastly, we discuss the importance on communication training of the workforce, optimizing and seamlessly integrating technology solutions into our workflows, and the need for patient feedback in the design and delivery of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina P Dutruel
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York.
| | - Keith D Hentel
- Professor, Clinical Radiology, Executive Vice Chairman, Department of Radiology; Vice President, Weill Cornell Imaging at New York-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Elizabeth M Hecht
- Vice Chair for Academic Affairs, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York. https://twitter.com/ehecht_md
| | - Nadja Kadom
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Director of Quality, Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Georgia; Interim Director of Quality, Department of Radiology, Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, Georgia; Chair, Practice and Performance Improvement Committee, ARRS; and Chair, Metrics Committee, ACR
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Angcahan DZ, de Guzman AB. The radiology department as a sentinel in fall prevention among Filipino older adult patients. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2023; 54:S49-S52. [PMID: 37903708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Accidental falls are a serious yet underreported form of adverse event in hospitals. Falls account for the leading cause of injury and mortality among older adults. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2021 reported that an estimated 64,000 individuals die annually from falls globally. In the Philippines, about 53.6% of older Filipinos are experiencing falls from a small population-specific setting and they are more likely to experience functional declines than the younger population. The radiology departments and radiologic technologists (RTs) play a vital role in preventing accidental falls among Filipino older adult patients. Despite the existing safety standards promulgated by national health agencies, awareness of healthcare professionals such as radiologic technologists (RTs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as the Philippines remains limited. As such, promoting a safety culture is deemed a main strategy for patient safety from adverse occurrences of falls among Filipino older adults. In doing so, there is a need to establish an incident reporting system for sentinel events, develop risk assessment tools, and define the needed competencies of RTs in preventing catastrophic falls involving Filipino older adult patients. To the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first of its kind to better understand the safety and predisposing risks for falling among older adults in the field of radiology in the Philippines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwin Z Angcahan
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines; Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Rizal Medical Center, Pasig City, Philippines.
| | - Allan B de Guzman
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines; Research Center for Social Sciences and Education, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
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Mohammed Murad A, Farman F, Sunmboye KO. Chest X-ray Reporting: A Comparative Study of Specialist Nurses and Trainee Doctors' Knowledge in the Biologic Prescription Service. Cureus 2023; 15:e48801. [PMID: 38098937 PMCID: PMC10719551 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With all the challenges facing the NHS at the current time, specialist nurses are fundamental and an important part of an ever-expanding NHS workforce. Furthermore, specialist nurses now possess more diversity and a wide range of advanced skills. In the field of rheumatology in most NHS hospitals, specialist nurses play a key role in biologic services to ensure that patients are promptly started on biological therapy to control their disease. An important element of this workup is the ability to comment on an unreported chest radiograph to facilitate a biological prescription. Some studies have shown that there is limited expertise among non-doctors with the required skills to review unreported chest X-rays confidently. The authors of this paper sought to explore whether this is the case among specialist nurses involved in the biologic prescription service among other clinicians in the same service. An online questionnaire was designed by the authors, which included seven questions and responses collected on a 5-point Likert scale. Trainee doctors, non-trainee grade doctors, and specialist nurses who were involved in the biologic prescribing team from Rheumatology, Dermatology, and Gastroenterology were invited. A total of 56 responses were obtained and analyzed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were obtained from the data. To determine if there was a statistical difference between the responses of trainee doctors and specialist nurses, the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test was used, and a post hoc test using the Dunn-Bonferroni test was used to analyze any statistically significant results. Regarding chest X-ray interpretation prior to starting biological treatment, only 8% of specialist nurses reported being confident, whereas 63% of trainees reported being confident. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a significant difference between specialist nurses' and doctors' confidence in interpreting unreported chest radiographs. The P-value is 0.001; thus, with available data, the null hypothesis is rejected. A Dunn-Bonferroni test (post hoc test) showed that, based on the available data, it can be assumed that the two groups had different levels of confidence between Specialist Nurses and trainee doctors. Chest X-ray interpretation skills are vital for specialist nurses in the context of biological therapy prescriptions. Therefore, we recommend access to resources, ongoing formal training, and educational sessions to help specialist nurses maintain their advanced skill sets and broaden their scope of practice to those without the required expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awin Mohammed Murad
- General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, GBR
| | - Fatima Farman
- General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, GBR
| | - Kehinde O Sunmboye
- Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, GBR
- Rheumatology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, GBR
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Gareeballah A, Al-sehli SM, Al-mutairi RT, Gameraddin M, Alsharif W, Elzaki M, Alshoabi SA, Alsultan KD, Alzain AF, Omer AM, Hamd ZY. Assessment of the Knowledge and Practice of Infection Control among Radiographers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2817. [PMID: 37957961 PMCID: PMC10648768 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective control of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) involves a collaborative effort among various healthcare stakeholders, including healthcare workers, patients, and professionals. Radiographers, as essential members of the healthcare team, play a crucial role in HAI prevention by diligently adhering to standard infection control precautions (SICP) and maintaining a high level of knowledge regarding infection control procedures. The study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of radiographers concerning infection control in radiology departments in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia in the period from February to May 2022, with data collected using an online survey in the form of a google forms questionnaire disseminated through social media as an electronic link and including the patient's demographic characteristic such as age, gender, education level, experience, and prior infection control training and multiple closed ended questions to assess knowledge of standard infection control precautions and the practice of infection control. Overall, 113 participants responded to the survey and entered their responses directly, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS (statistical package for social science). RESULTS The study revealed that the mean score of knowledge and awareness of the practice of infection control among radiographers in Saudi Arabia was (63.0 and 61.9, respectively), which were considered moderate levels. Females were significantly more knowledgeable about infection control and more aware of the practice than males (p-values = 0.019). The participants who previously attended courses of infection control training had a significantly higher score with a mean rank of (60.9) than those who had not (43.4), (p-value = 0.013). The radiographers' level of experience, age, and academic qualification had no significant influence on overall knowledge and practice of infection control (p-values > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In Saudi Arabia, radiographers have a moderate level of knowledge and practice of infection control. There is a need for an ongoing training and education program for practicing radiographers to ensure they perform better in infection control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awadia Gareeballah
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum 13311, Sudan
| | - Samah Matar Al-sehli
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Rana Theeb Al-mutairi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Moawia Gameraddin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum 13311, Sudan
| | - Walaa Alsharif
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Maisa Elzaki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum 13311, Sudan
| | - Sultan Abdulwadoud Alshoabi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Kamal Dahan Alsultan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Amel F. Alzain
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Awatif M. Omer
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarrah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.G.); (S.M.A.-s.); (R.T.A.-m.); (W.A.); (M.E.); (S.A.A.); (K.D.A.); (A.F.A.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Zuhal Y. Hamd
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princes Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
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Fraga Rivas P, de Miguel Criado J, García Del Salto Lorente L, Gutiérrez Velasco L, Quintana Valcarcel P. Patient safety in magnetic resonance imaging. RADIOLOGIA 2023; 65:447-457. [PMID: 37758335 DOI: 10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Image acquisition involves the use of static magnetic fields, field gradients and radiofrequency waves. These elements make the MRI a different modality. More and more centers work with 3.0 T equipment that present higher risks for the patient, compared to those of 1.5 T. Therefore, there is a need for updating for radiology staff that allows them to understand the risks and reduce them, since serious and even fatal incidents can occur. The objective of this work is to present a review and update of the risks to which patients are subjected during the performance of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fraga Rivas
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Unidad Central de Radiodiagnóstico, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J de Miguel Criado
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Unidad Central de Radiodiagnóstico, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - L García Del Salto Lorente
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Unidad Central de Radiodiagnóstico, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Gutiérrez Velasco
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Unidad Central de Radiodiagnóstico, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Quintana Valcarcel
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Unidad Central de Radiodiagnóstico, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Najjar R. Redefining Radiology: A Review of Artificial Intelligence Integration in Medical Imaging. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2760. [PMID: 37685300 PMCID: PMC10487271 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review unfolds a detailed narrative of Artificial Intelligence (AI) making its foray into radiology, a move that is catalysing transformational shifts in the healthcare landscape. It traces the evolution of radiology, from the initial discovery of X-rays to the application of machine learning and deep learning in modern medical image analysis. The primary focus of this review is to shed light on AI applications in radiology, elucidating their seminal roles in image segmentation, computer-aided diagnosis, predictive analytics, and workflow optimisation. A spotlight is cast on the profound impact of AI on diagnostic processes, personalised medicine, and clinical workflows, with empirical evidence derived from a series of case studies across multiple medical disciplines. However, the integration of AI in radiology is not devoid of challenges. The review ventures into the labyrinth of obstacles that are inherent to AI-driven radiology-data quality, the 'black box' enigma, infrastructural and technical complexities, as well as ethical implications. Peering into the future, the review contends that the road ahead for AI in radiology is paved with promising opportunities. It advocates for continuous research, embracing avant-garde imaging technologies, and fostering robust collaborations between radiologists and AI developers. The conclusion underlines the role of AI as a catalyst for change in radiology, a stance that is firmly rooted in sustained innovation, dynamic partnerships, and a steadfast commitment to ethical responsibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reabal Najjar
- Canberra Health Services, Australian Capital Territory 2605, Australia
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16
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Jimenez YA, Lewis SJ. Infection prevention and control in the medical imaging environment: a scoping review. Insights Imaging 2023; 14:121. [PMID: 37450068 PMCID: PMC10348968 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-023-01470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection prevention and control (IPC) practices are key to preventing and controlling the spread of pathogens in medical imaging departments (MIDs). The objective of this scoping review was to synthesise information about current research in MID regarding IPC and to use the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model to identify the work system factors ('persons', 'organisation', 'tools and technology', 'tasks' and 'environment') influencing the practice of IPC, in order to better understand challenges and facilitators that affect IPC in MID. Predefined search terms and medical subject headings relating to IPC in the medical imaging setting were used to search 3 databases. A total of 46 publications met the inclusion criteria, which combined, encompassed all five SEIPS domains influencing IPC. The literature supports the interrelated nature of the five SEIPS domains, and influence to one another. Hand hygiene was a major focus of publications. Mechanisms of infection in contrast-enhanced computed tomography were most reported, with human error, lack of education, and issues associated with devices and processes mechanisms found to influence IPC breaches. A systems approach, such as the SEIPS model, is useful for understanding barriers and hence opportunities for improvement of IPC in the medical imaging setting. Future studies should address individuals' decision-making processes in the medical imaging setting, and a greater focus should be placed into the procedural steps, education and tools used for contrast media administration. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: A systems approach, such as the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model, is useful for understanding barriers and hence opportunities for improvement of IPC in the medical imaging setting. KEY POINTS: 1. IPC in the medical imaging setting would benefit from a systems approach. 2. The role of education and monitoring of IPC compliance requires further research. 3. Geographical location is a key variable in IPC research in medical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yobelli A Jimenez
- University of Sydney, Susan Wakil Health Building (D18), Western Avenue, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- University of Sydney, Susan Wakil Health Building (D18), Western Avenue, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
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17
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Abu Awwad D, Hill S, Lewis S, Jimenez Y. Knowledge, attitudes and practice of infection prevention and control in the CT suite. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:741. [PMID: 37422620 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection, prevention, and control (IPC) practices are essential to protect patients and staff within healthcare facilities. Radiology departments cater to both inpatients and outpatients, and breaches of IPC practice have led to outbreaks of disease within healthcare facilities. This study aims to examine the knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) of computed tomography (CT) radiographers and nurses in their infection, prevention, and control (IPC) practice. The KAP components focuses on the CT environment, contrast injector use, and workplace factors that impact IPC practice. METHODS A cross-sectional KAP survey was distributed online to Australian CT radiographers and radiology nurses across different institutions. The survey covered demographics, each KAP component, and workplace culture. Spearman's correlation was used to compare KAP scores. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the KAP scores between demographic categories, and Chi Square was used to compare demographic data with workplace culture. RESULTS There were 147 respondents, 127 of which were radiographers and 20 were nurses. There was a moderate positive correlation between knowledge and attitude for radiographers (rho = 0.394, p < 0.001). Radiographers also had a moderate positive relationship between attitudes and practice (rho = 0.466, p < 0.001). Both radiographers and nurses scored high in the knowledge section of the survey, but nurses had statistically significant higher practice scores than radiographers (p = 0.014). CT radiographers who had an IPC team in their workplace or worked in public hospitals, had statistically significant higher attitudes and practice scores. Age, education, and years of experience did not impact on KAP scores. CONCLUSION The study found that radiographers and nurses had a good baseline knowledge of standard precautions. IPC teams and continued training is important to positively influence knowledge and attitudes of health professionals towards IPC practice. The KAP survey was a useful tool to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practice on IPC of CT radiographers and nurses and identified areas for education, interventions, and leadership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Abu Awwad
- Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
| | - Suzanne Hill
- Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Sarah Lewis
- Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Yobelli Jimenez
- Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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18
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Aabel I, Lysdahl KB, Egeland CH, Andersen ER. What is in it for me? Norwegian radiographers and radiation therapists' experiences from obtaining a master's degree. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2023; 54:356-363. [PMID: 37149399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiographers and radiation therapists are essential in providing patients with high-quality diagnostic imaging or therapeutic services. Therefore, radiographers and radiation therapists must get involved in evidence-based practice and research. Even though many radiographers and radiation therapists obtain their master's degrees, little is known about how this degree affects clinical practice or personal and professional growth. We aimed to fill this knowledge gap by investigating Norwegian radiographers' and radiation therapists' experiences when deciding to undertake and complete a master's degree and exploring the impact of the master's degree in clinical practice. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted and transcribed verbatim. The interview guide covered five broad areas: 1) the process of achieving a master's degree, 2) the work situation, 3) the value of competencies, 4) the use of competencies and 5) expectations. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. RESULTS The analysis included seven participants (four diagnostic radiographers and three radiation therapists) working at six different departments of varying sizes across Norway. Four main categories emerged from the analysis, of which the categories: Motivation and Management support, were categorized into the theme experiences pre-graduation, whereas the categories Personal gain and Application of skills were categorized into the theme experiences pre-graduation. The fifth category Perception of pioneering embraces both themes. CONCLUSION Participants reported great motivation and personal gain, but challenges in management and application of skills post-graduation. The participants perceived themselves as pioneers, as there is a lack of experience with radiographers and radiation therapists undertaking master studies, hence no culture and systems for professional development are established. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE There is a need for professional development and research culture in the Norwegian Departments of Radiology and Radiation therapy. Radiographers and radiation therapists must take the initiative to establish such. Further research should investigate managers' attitudes and perceptions toward radiographers' master's competencies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingunn Aabel
- Institute for the Health Sciences at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) at Gjøvik, Norway.
| | - Kristin Bakke Lysdahl
- Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), Norway
| | | | - Eivind Richter Andersen
- Institute for the Health Sciences at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) at Gjøvik, Norway
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19
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Abuzaid MM, Elshami W, Tekin HO. Infection control and radiation safety practices in the radiology department during the COVID-19 outbreak. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279607. [PMID: 36574426 PMCID: PMC9794035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Radiology personnel must have good knowledge, experience and adherence to radiation protection and infection control practices to ensure patient safety and prevent the further spread of the COVID-19 virus. This study analysed compliance and adherence to radiation protection and infection control during COVID-19 mobile radiography. METHODS A cross-sectional using online survey was conducted from September to December 2021. Data on demographic characteristics, adherence to radiation protection and infection control practice were collected during mobile radiography for COVID-19 patients in the study. A random sample of the radiographers working in COVID-19 centres in the United Arab Emirates. RESULTS Responses were received from 140 participants, with a response rate of 87.5%. Females were the predominant participants (n = 81; 58%). Participants aged ages between 18-25 years (n = 46; 33%) and 26-35 years (n = 42; 30%), (n = 57; 41%) had less than five years of experience, followed by participants who had more than 15 years (n = 38; 27%). Most participants (n = 81; 57.9%) stated that they performed approximately 1-5 suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases daily. The participants had moderate to high adherence to radiation protection, with a mean and standard deviation of 42.3 ± 6.28. Additionally, infection control adherence was high, with 82% of the participants showing high adherence. CONCLUSION Continuous guidance, training and follow-up are recommended to increase adherence and compliance to radiation protection and infection control compliance. Educational institutions and professional organisations must collaborate to provide structured training programmes for radiology practitioners to overcome the practice and knowledge gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Abuzaid
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Wiam Elshami
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - H O Tekin
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Istinye University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Computer Engineering Department, Istanbul, Turkey
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20
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Framework for health care quality and evidence-based practice in radiology departments: A regional study on radiographer's perceptions. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2022; 53:648-658. [PMID: 36184270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The main goals of this study were to describe, in an integrated and multidimensional way, the conditions related to the quality of care in radiology departments from Algarve (Portugal), to assess the perspective of radiographers on the use of scientific evidence in clinical practice and to validate a model that characterizes the conditions for continuous improvement. METHODS A cross sectional study was performed in four radiology departments from public and private healthcare facilities from Algarve region (Portugal). A paper-based survey was sent to all radiographers to assess the quality systems implemented in their radiology departments and their perspective on the use of scientific evidence in clinical practice. RESULTS In total, 62 radiographers (61.4%) completed the survey. The quality dimensions that obtained the highest degree of compliance were the existence of quality assurance and improvement activities (43.0%), existence of standards in clinical practice of radiographers (42.7%) and the existence of special provisions (37.6%). The quality dimension related to patient's involvement was the one with the lowest level of compliance. Moreover, from the radiographers perspective, positive responses were obtained related to evidence-based actions (83.0%), sources of evidence (76.0%) and the significance of research activities (74.0%). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that a new framework based on four factors (Support for Information; Organizational Capability to Technical Quality of Care; Patient Involvement and Evidence-Based Radiology), should be considered in the establishment of strategic policies that better define the provision of diagnostic procedures and professional practices in radiology departments from Algarve region, based on quality improvement systems and better patient safety. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE There is a need to include patients in the decision-making process, to involve radiographers in quality assurance and improvement activities and to implement quality monitoring mechanisms within radiology departments under study.
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21
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Manapragada PP, Bhambhvani PG. 'Do No Harm': optimizing protocol for FDG PET cardiac viability assessment. J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:1992-1994. [PMID: 35737179 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-022-03043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Padma P Manapragada
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Pradeep G Bhambhvani
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
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22
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Chilanga CC, Olerud HM, Lysdahl KB. The value of referral information and assessment - a cross sectional study of radiographers' perceptions. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:893. [PMID: 35810310 PMCID: PMC9271238 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08291-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiology professionals are frequently confronted with referrals containing insufficient clinical information, which hinders delivery of safe and quality medical imaging services. There is however lack of knowledge on why and how referral information is important for radiographers in clinical practice. This study explores what purposes referral information is used/ useful for the radiographers, and the benefits of involving them in assessing referrals. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted of radiographers recruited through the International Society of Radiographers and Radiological Technologists (ISRRT) networks. A questionnaire was developed and distributed consisting of 5-point Likert scale questions on a) use/usefulness of referral information for 12 listed purposes and b) the benefits of radiographers assessing referrals for 8 possible reasons. The questionnaire was validated using a test–retest reliability analysis. Kappa values ≥0.6 were accepted. SPSS software was used for data analysis and chi-square tests to determine associations between using referral information and background variables. Results Total respondents were 279 (n = 233 currently in clinical practice and n = 46 in other positions). The participants in clinical practice ranked high all 12 listed purposes for use of referral information, and all except one received ≥60% ‘frequent’/‘very frequent’ responses. Use for patient identification purposes received the highest score (97% ‘frequently’/‘very frequently’ responses), followed by ensuring imaging of the correct body region (79% ‘very frequently’ responses). Radiographers not currently working in clinical practice ranked the ‘usefulness’ of listed items similarly. Significant associations between frequent use of referral information and education level were not observed, and only three items were significantly associated with modality of practice. All items on benefits of radiographers assessing referrals received ≥75% ‘agree’/‘strongly agree’ scores. The items ranked highest were promotes radiographers’ professional responsibility and improves collaboration with radiologists and referring clinicians, with 72 and 67% strongly agreed responses, respectively. Conclusion Radiographers use referral information frequently for several purposes. The referral information is needed for justifying and optimising radiological procedures, hence crucial for ensuring patient safety and high-quality services. This further emphasis why radiographers perceive several benefits of being involved in assessing the referral information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Chilute Chilanga
- Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway USN, Pb 235, 3603, Kongsberg, Norway.
| | - Hilde Merete Olerud
- Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway USN, Pb 235, 3603, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Kristin Bakke Lysdahl
- Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway USN, Pb 235, 3603, Kongsberg, Norway
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Predictive value of computed tomography for short-term mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9579. [PMID: 35689019 PMCID: PMC9185136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13972-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The best available evidence and the predictive value of computed tomography (CT) findings for prognosis in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are unknown. We systematically searched three electronic databases (MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov). A total of 410 patients from six observational studies were included in this systematic review. Of these, 143 patients (34.9%) died due to ARDS in short-term. As for CT grade, the CTs used ranged from 4- to 320-row. The index test included diffuse attenuations in one study, affected lung in one study, well-aerated lung region/predicted total lung capacity in one study, CT score in one study and high-resolution CT score in two studies. Considering the CT findings, pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were 62% (95% confidence interval [CI] 30–88%), 76% (95% CI 57–89%), 2.58 (95% CI 2.05–2.73), 0.50 (95% CI 0.21–0.79), and 5.16 (95% CI 2.59–3.46), respectively. This systematic review revealed that there were major differences in the definitions of CT findings, and that the integration of CT findings might not be adequate for predicting short-term mortality in ARDS. Standardisation of CT findings and accumulation of further studies by CT with unified standards are warranted.
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The role of radiologist in the changing world of healthcare: a White Paper of the European Society of Radiology (ESR). Insights Imaging 2022; 13:100. [PMID: 35662384 PMCID: PMC9167391 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-022-01241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiology as a specialty has been enormously successful since its beginnings, moving over time from an adjunct to clinical decision-making to a crucial component of multidisciplinary patient care. However, this increased centrality of radiology and reliance on our services carries within it dangers, prominent among them being the danger of our being viewed as deliverers of a commodity, and the risk of our becoming overwhelmed by increasing workload, unable to interact sufficiently with patients and referrers due to pressure of work. With this White Paper, the Board of Directors of the European Society of Radiology (ESR) seeks to briefly explain the position of the radiologist in the modern healthcare environment, considering our duties and contributions as doctors, protectors, communicators, innovators, scientists and teachers. This statement is intended to serve as a summary of the breadth of our responsibilities and roles, and to assist radiologists in countering misunderstanding of who we are and what we do.
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25
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Toderis L, Vo A, Reychav I, Sayeed L, McHaney R, Guindy M. Development of a mobile training app to assist radiographers’ diagnostic assessments. Health Informatics J 2022; 28:14604582221083780. [DOI: 10.1177/14604582221083780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current study reduced the time lag between performing a diagnostic assessment and identifying a critical finding in CT and MRI exams through improving radiographers’ abilities to identify those critical findings. Radiographers’ diagnostic assessments in CT and MRI exams were used to develop a mobile training application with the aim to improve radiographers’ awareness of critical findings. The current research used data analytics to examine radiographers’ interpretation of imaging studies from a privately owned medical group in Israel. During the project, the radiographers’ ability to identify critical findings improved. Implementation of the mobile training program yielded positive results where the knowledge gap was reduced and time to identify critical cases was decreased. Specifically, this study showed that radiographers can be trained in ways that enhance their involvement with radiologists to provide high quality services and improve treatment Ultimately, this gives patients higher quality of care and safer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Toderis
- Industrial Engineering & Management Department, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Ace Vo
- Information Systems & Business Analytics, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Iris Reychav
- Industrial Engineering & Management Department, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Lutfus Sayeed
- Information Systems Department, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roger McHaney
- Management Information Systems, Kansas State University Manhattan, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Michal Guindy
- Radiology, Assuta Medical Centers, BGU University, Beer Sheva, Israel
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26
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Nancy GA, Kalpana R, Nandhini S. A Study on Pressure Ulcer: Influencing Factors and Diagnostic Techniques. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LOWER EXTREMITY WOUNDS 2022; 21:254-263. [PMID: 35188406 DOI: 10.1177/15347346221081603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pressure ulcer (PU) is one of the most common occurrences in bedridden subjects. Despite the standard of care, there is a huge challenge in monitoring immobile subjects in all the bodily pressure points. This increases the chance of onset of PU which in turn increases the expenditure for treating and managing the PU. Hence, we made a study on the biological and physiological factors that are responsible for the formation of PU and also on various techniques used for diagnosis. Thus, we have summarised the efficacy of various advanced diagnostic procedures with their limitations. Though there are advanced imaging techniques, risk assessment tools based on the visual inspection are widely followed in hospitals. Based on our observation, we here have identified three major areas; one being the development of mathematical modeling, the second is towards the development of non-invasive devices and finally to automate cot facility. We have also provided possible suggestions as to solutions that could be useful to researchers and for society. Thus, this review covers the present difficulty faced by bedridden subjects and respective care-takers along with the knowledge gap and a few suggestions as to future scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Annie Nancy
- 382205Loyola-ICAM college of Engineering and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - R Kalpana
- 29862Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, Chennai, India
| | - S Nandhini
- 29862Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, Chennai, India
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27
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Makanjee CR, Bergh AM, Xu D, Sarswat D. Creating person-al space for unspoken voices during diagnostic medical imaging examinations: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:954. [PMID: 34511105 PMCID: PMC8436476 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is emerging interest in person-centred care within a short-lived yet complex medical imaging encounter. This study explored this event from the viewpoint of patients referred for an imaging examination, with a focus on the person and their person-al space. Methods We used convenience sampling to conduct semi-structured interviews with 21 patients in a private medical imaging practice in Australia. The first phase of data analysis was conducted deductively, using the six elements of the person-centred, patient-journey framework of the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Healthcare: transition in; engagement; decisions; well-being; experience; and transition out. This was followed by inductive content analysis to identify overarching themes that span a patient’s journey into, through and out of an imaging encounter. Results The transition-in phase began with an appointment and the first point of contact with the imaging department at reception. Engagement focused on patient-radiographer interactions and explanations to the patient on what was going to happen. Decisions related primarily to radiographers’ decisions on how to conduct a particular examination and how to get patient cooperation. Participants’ well-being related to their appreciation of gentle treatment; they also referred to past negative experiences that had made a lasting impression. Transitioning out of the imaging encounter included the sending of the results to the referring medical practitioner. Person-al vulnerabilities emerged as a cross-cutting theme. Patients’ vulnerability, for which they needed reassurance, pertained to uncertainties about the investigation and the possible results. Healthcare professionals were vulnerable because of patient expectations of a certain demeanour and of pressure to perform optimal quality investigations. Lastly, patients’ personal lives, concerns and pressures – their person-al ‘baggage’ – shaped their experience of the imaging encounter. Conclusion To add value to the quality of the service they deliver, radiography practitioners should endeavour to create a person-al space for clients. Creating these spaces is complex as patients are not in a position to judge the procedures required by technical imaging protocols and the quality control of equipment. A reflective tool is proposed for radiographers to use in discussions with their team and its leaders on improving person-centred care and the quality of services in their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Rekha Makanjee
- Department of Medical Radiation Science, University of Canberra, University Drive, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia.
| | - Anne-Marie Bergh
- Research Centre for Maternal, Fetal, Newborn and Child Health Care Strategies, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Gezina, 0083, South Africa
| | - Deon Xu
- Department of Medical Radiation Science, University of Canberra, University Drive, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia
| | - Drishti Sarswat
- Department of Medical Radiation Science, University of Canberra, University Drive, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia
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28
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Tay YX, Kothan S, Kada S, Cai S, Lai CWK. Challenges and optimization strategies in medical imaging service delivery during COVID-19. World J Radiol 2021; 13:102-121. [PMID: 34141091 PMCID: PMC8188837 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v13.i5.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medical imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis, management and disease progression surveillance. Chest radiography and computed tomography are commonly used imaging techniques globally during this pandemic. As the pandemic continues to unfold, many healthcare systems worldwide struggle to balance the heavy strain due to overwhelming demand for healthcare resources. Changes are required across the entire healthcare system and medical imaging departments are no exception. The COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact on medical imaging practices. It is now time to pay further attention to the profound challenges of COVID-19 on medical imaging services and develop effective strategies to get ahead of the crisis. Additionally, preparation for operations and survival in the post-pandemic future are necessary considerations. This review aims to comprehensively examine the challenges and optimization of delivering medical imaging services in relation to the current COVID-19 global pandemic, including the role of medical imaging during these challenging times and potential future directions post-COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiang Tay
- Radiography Department, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand
| | - Sundaran Kada
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen Postbox 7030, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Sihui Cai
- Radiography Department, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Christopher Wai Keung Lai
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 138683, Singapore
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Maharjan S, Parajuli K, Sah S, Poudel U. Knowledge of radiation protection among radiology professionals and students: A medical college-based study. Eur J Radiol Open 2020; 7:100287. [PMID: 33294498 PMCID: PMC7691545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2020.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The overall knowledge of radiation protection among radiology professional and students was adequate. The knowledge of radiation protection among diploma graduate was inadequate. Radiation protection law should be promulgated as soon as possible in Nepal. This is the first study to perform principal component analysis in the research study of its kind. BACKGROUND Radiation protection is the core of radiography for safe radiation-based imaging practice. This study aims to determine the knowledge of radiation protection among radiology professionals and students in a medical college of Nepal. MATERIAL AND METHODS A questionnaire survey was carried out among 35 radiology staff and students at Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), Bhairahawa, Nepal. The questionnaire survey consisted of socio-demographic variables and 17 questions, 3 questions were related to general information regarding training, knowledge, and experience and the remaining 14 multiple choice questions (MCQ) were related to radiation protection. Data were analyzed in SPSS Statistics software, version 27. The p-value was set at 5% level of significance. Nonparametric tests were applied since the data did not follow normal distribution. The knowledge score were categorized into lesser than 60 % inadequate, 60–80 % adequate and greater than or equal to 80 % excellent. RESULTS Out of total 35 participants, 28 were male and 7 were female with mean age 26.09 ± 7.18 years, range 18–54. The average radiation level of awareness was 9.6 (68.57 %), which was adequate, maximum 13 and minimum 4. There was not statistical significance of knowledge score by gender, age groups, work experience and studentship. Taking academic qualification, the level of knowledge of diploma graduates was inadequate 7.76 (55.42 %), and lower than other higher academic qualifications. CONCLUSIONS Adequate radiation protection course materials and training should be introduced for diploma graduates. Continuing professional education (CME) should be organized regularly. Moreover, radiation protection law is a must in Nepal now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Maharjan
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kalpana Parajuli
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Abo Akademi University, Finland
| | - Suraj Sah
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Chirayu National Hospital and Medical Institute Pvt Ltd, Basundhara, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Upakar Poudel
- Department of Radio-diagnosis and Medical Imaging, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Lumbini, Nepal
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30
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Oglat AA. Acceptance experimentation and quality monitor of x-ray radiography units. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Doriguêtto PVT, Americano JP, Devito KL. Challenges for the dental radiology clinic in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Oral Radiol 2020; 36:404-405. [PMID: 32564186 PMCID: PMC7305473 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-020-00456-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This letter addresses the challenges for the dental radiology clinic in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights the use of teleradiography and mobile devices, as well as the proper care in disinfecting these equipments. As there are still no specific therapies for COVID-19, biosafety measures that promote containment and prevent the spread of the virus are crucial to stop the outbreak and control a possible new infectious peak.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Pereira Americano
- Master's Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Karina Lopes Devito
- Department of Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, s/n, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil.
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32
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Blanco-Formoso M, Alvarez-Puebla RA. Cancer Diagnosis through SERS and Other Related Techniques. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062253. [PMID: 32214017 PMCID: PMC7139671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer heterogeneity increasingly requires ultrasensitive techniques that allow early diagnosis for personalized treatment. In addition, they should preferably be non-invasive tools that do not damage surrounding tissues or contribute to body toxicity. In this context, liquid biopsy of biological samples such as urine, blood, or saliva represents an ideal approximation of what is happening in real time in the affected tissues. Plasmonic nanoparticles are emerging as an alternative or complement to current diagnostic techniques, being able to detect and quantify novel biomarkers such as specific peptides and proteins, microRNA, circulating tumor DNA and cells, and exosomes. Here, we review the latest ideas focusing on the use of plasmonic nanoparticles in coded and label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. Moreover, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, colorimetric assays, dynamic light scattering (DLS) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry or total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy among others are briefly examined in order to highlight the potential and versatility of plasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Blanco-Formoso
- Department of Physical Chemistry and EMaS, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.B.-F.); (R.A.A.-P.)
| | - Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla
- Department of Physical Chemistry and EMaS, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.B.-F.); (R.A.A.-P.)
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33
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Lane NM, Hunter SA, Lawrie SM. The benefit of foresight? An ethical evaluation of predictive testing for psychosis in clinical practice. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 26:102228. [PMID: 32173346 PMCID: PMC7229349 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Risk prediction for psychosis has advanced to the stage at which it could feasibly become a clinical reality. Neuroimaging biomarkers play a central role in many risk prediction models. Using such models to predict the likelihood of transition to psychosis in individuals known to be at high risk has the potential to meaningfully improve outcomes, principally through facilitating early intervention. However, this compelling benefit must be evaluated in light of the broader ethical ramifications of this prospective development in clinical practice. This paper advances ethical discussion in the field in two ways: firstly, through in-depth consideration of the distinctive implications of the clinical application of predictive tools; and, secondly, by evaluating the manner in which newer predictive models incorporating neuroimaging alter the ethical landscape. We outline the current state of the science of predictive testing for psychosis, with a particular focus on emerging neuroimaging biomarkers. We then proceed to ethical analysis employing the four principles of biomedical ethics as a conceptual framework. We conclude with a call for scientific advancement to proceed in tandem with ethical consideration, informed by empirical study of the views of high risk individuals and their families. This collaborative approach will help ensure that predictive testing progresses in an ethically acceptable manner that minimizes potential adverse effects and maximizes meaningful benefits for those at high risk of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Lane
- Department of Psychiatry, NHS Lanarkshire, Glasgow, Scotland G71 8BB, United Kingdom.
| | - Stuart A Hunter
- Department of Psychiatry, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, Scotland EH1 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland EH10 5HF, United Kingdom
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Younger C, Douglas C, Warren-Forward H. Informed consent guidelines for ionising radiation examinations: A Delphi study. Radiography (Lond) 2020; 26:63-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Meng Y, Sun J, Qu N, Zhang G, Yu T, Piao H. Application of Radiomics for Personalized Treatment of Cancer Patients. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10851-10858. [PMID: 31920394 PMCID: PMC6941598 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s232473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiomics is a novel concept that relies on obtaining image data from examinations such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or positron emission tomography (PET). With the appropriate algorithm, the extracted results have broad applicability and potential for a massive positive impact in radiology. For example, clinicians can verify treatment efficiency, predict the location of tumor metastasis, correlate results with a histopathological examination, or more accurately define the type of cancer. Combining radiomics with other testing techniques allows every patient to have a personalized treatment plan that is essential for advanced examination and treatment. This article explains the process of radiomics, including data collection mechanisms, combined use with genomics, and artificial intelligence and immunology techniques, which may solve many of the challenges faced by doctors in diagnosing and treating their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Meng
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Qu
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, People's Republic of China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Medical Image, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, People's Republic of China
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, People's Republic of China
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