1
|
Aljondi R, Alem R, Aljondi R, Tajaldeen A, Alghamdi SS, Toras MM. Assessments of Medical Student's Knowledge About Radiation Protection and Different Imaging Modalities in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Int J Biomed Imaging 2025; 2025:1528291. [PMID: 40313781 PMCID: PMC12045688 DOI: 10.1155/ijbi/1528291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2025] [Indexed: 05/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Doctors can play a significant role in attributing to patient safety concerning exposure to ionizing radiation. Therefore, healthcare professionals should have adequate knowledge about radiation risk and protection of different medical imaging examinations. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge about radiation protection (RP) and applications of different imaging modalities (IMs) among medical students in their clinical years and intern, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study based on an online questionnaire was performed in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, on 170 medical students during January 2024; the study participants included clinical years medical students (from Years 4 to 6) and interns of both gender and basic year medical students, and specialists and consultants were excluded. For each participant, the percentage of correct answers was calculated for the knowledge RP and knowledge in IMs separately, and each participant will have two scores, RP knowledge score (RPKS) and IM knowledge score (IMKS). Results: A total of 170 medical students responded and completed the questionnaire. The overall levels of awareness and knowledge of the students was determined through calculations of their scores in answering the questionnaire; students in this study group have low average knowledge score in RP, which is 43, while they have moderate-high knowledge score in IMs, which is 68. Regarding the knowledge score, for the RPKS, the best participant scored 82, while the worst scored 0, whereas for IMKS, the best participant score 100, while the worst scored 0. However, according to the SD, participants generally differ between each other by 19 in RPKS and 31 in IMKS. Conclusions: The assessments of medical students' knowledge regarding radiation exposure in diagnostic modalities reveal a low level of confidence in their knowledge of ionizing radiation dose parameters. Furthermore, the mean scores on overall knowledge assessments indicate a need for improvement in RP knowledge for medical students. To address this gap, a comprehensive modification of the undergraduate medical curriculum's radiology component is required by enhancing active learning approaches and integrating radiation safety courses early in the medical curriculum. Medical education institutions could implement ongoing workshops, online modules, and certification programs to reinforce radiation safety principles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghad Aljondi
- College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahaf Alem
- College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rowa Aljondi
- Department of Applied Radiologic Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Tajaldeen
- Department of Applied Radiologic Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Saeed Alghamdi
- Department of Applied Radiologic Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Majdi Toras
- Department of Family Medicine, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mellis S, Zhang Y, McAteer D. Awareness of radiation risks by medical students & referrers requesting radiological examinations in the North of Scotland: an audit. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:830. [PMID: 39090574 PMCID: PMC11295379 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiological imaging has played an important role in diagnostic medicine for over a century, though it is known to contribute to dermatological conditions, cataracts, and cancer. The associated risk of harm has led to the introduction of protective regulations around the world. Present-day NHS clinicians are increasingly requesting and relying on diagnostic imaging. Knowledge surrounding the radiation doses of common radiological investigations and the associated risks is imperative, and on a global level has been found to be inadequate. Consequently, there is a need for the formal inclusion of teaching within training programmes. AIMS/OBJECTIVES This prospective audit aims to establish the knowledge of radiation doses and risks of common radiological investigations of both medical students and referrers within four NHS Health Boards based in the North of Scotland. It also seeks to establish prior teaching and the preference for further educational interventions. AUDIT STANDARD Referrers should have adequate knowledge of radiation doses and the risks associated with common radiological investigations. AUDIT TARGET The standard should be achieved by 90% of referrers. METHODS A 19-question online survey was devised to include subjective and objective questions on ionising radiation awareness, education preference, and respondent demographics, based on RCR (Royal College of Radiologists) audit criteria and previous studies. Data collection was conducted between the 22/02/23 to the 22/03/2023 and the questionnaire was distributed to senior medical students and radiological referrers of different grades within NHS Grampian, NHS Highland, NHS Shetland, and NHS Orkney. A descriptive analysis of the data was undertaken using Microsoft Excel Version 16.71. RESULTS Two hundred eight questionnaires were completed. 22.11% (n = 46) of the sample population had received no prior teaching on the topic of ionising radiation. Over half of the respondents (51.92%, n = 108) rated the importance of radiation risks as either important or extremely important, with 69.71% (n = 145) of participants rating their perceived knowledge as limited or average. Most correctly identified that a CT scan (n = 203), PET-CT scan (n = 199) and a chest x-ray (n = 196) exposed patients to ionising radiation. A small proportion of the participants incorrectly thought that an MRI scan (n = 21) and an ultrasound scan (n = 2) involved ionising radiation. The results obtained failed to meet the RCR audit target, which states that 90% of doctors should be aware of common radiological doses. It was observed that only 17.79% (n = 37) of survey respondents scored over 50% in the knowledge assessment, with the median knowledge score of the whole cohort being 2.5 out of 9 (27.78%). Respondents who had prior teaching on the topic performed better those who had no prior teaching, with average scores of 3.19 (35.44%) and 2.04 (22.67%) respectively. Senior clinicians performed better when compared to junior clinicians and medical students. CONCLUSION & FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS This audit found that the knowledge of radiation risks within the North of Scotland in the selected sample population was insufficient across all levels of the clinical team. Further, continuous education around the topic and future audit opportunities may help to optimise knowledge and training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Mellis
- Medical MBChB Graduate 2023, University of Aberdeen School of Medicine and Dentistry, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill Rd, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- ST3 Clinical Radiology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill Health Campus, Foresterhill Rd, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZN, UK
| | - Dympna McAteer
- Consultant Radiologist, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill Health Campus, Foresterhill Rd, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bahadori P, Molina-Recalde AP, Saleh Alruwaili A, Alanazy A, Tilahun WT, Ayub G, Haq ZU, Bashir MB. Assessment of medical students' knowledge regarding radiation associated risk and its protection: finding from a cross-sectional study. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:1515-1519. [PMID: 38041750 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study assessed the knowledge of the medical students regarding the nature of radiation, associated risks, and protective measures. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted among international students enrolled in different medical colleges/universities in Xian, PR China. A self-developed and self-reported questionnaire was used for the current study. The descriptive statistics was carried out to summarize the finding of the study. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were conducted to assess the association of the demographics with knowledge level. RESULTS A total of 796 students responded among 980. Most of the participants fell in the age range of 20-25 years (42.6%), being male (67.1%) and having bachelor's education (56.7%). Participants with previous experience was 58.7%. The age group of 20-25 years (p < 0.001), being male (p < 0.001), having bachelor education (p < 0.001), and previous experience (p = 0.009) was significantly associated with moderate to good knowledge. The overall knowledge about the nature of radiation (96%) and associated risk (82%) was good, but regarding protection, 59% of the participants showed good knowledge. CONCLUSION Most of the participants showed satisfactory result. However, the knowledge regarding protection measures was poor in almost half of the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Bahadori
- Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Abdullah Saleh Alruwaili
- Emergency Medical Services Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Ahmed Alanazy
- Emergency Medical Services Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Gulsanga Ayub
- Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ul Haq
- Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Musa Bin Bashir
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shafiq P, Mehmood Y. Awareness of Radiation Hazards and Knowledge About Radiation Protection Among Medical Students at the Northern Border University, Arar. Cureus 2024; 16:e55484. [PMID: 38571854 PMCID: PMC10989399 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that medical students and doctors are not well equipped with knowledge of radiation hazards and their protection. This lack of knowledge may cause harm to patients and healthcare professionals. Objectives To compare the awareness of radiation hazards and knowledge about radiation protection among medical students at Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, with and without prior teaching. Methods and materials This cross-sectional study was carried out among medical students from clinical years at Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, from May 1st, 2023, to June 30th, 2023. Their consents were taken. Then they were randomly sorted into two groups. One group was given a radiation safety short course, and then they answered a questionnaire. The other group filled out the questionnaire without prior instruction, and analysis was done. The outcome of this study was quantified based on the score calculated after participants filled out the questionnaire. Results The mean score of students who didn't attend the radiology course was 3.38±1.8, while the score of students who attended the radiology course was 7.87±1.4 (p<0.001). Radiology course attendance showed a significant association with knowledge and awareness scores. Conclusions The average knowledge of medical students regarding radiation protection and hazards is quite poor. This lack of understanding could potentially lead to increased risks for both patients and healthcare professionals. The knowledge about radiation hazards and protection is increased in students who attended a short radiology course. We recommend implementing comprehensive educational programs that focus on radiation hazards and protection for medical students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pakeeza Shafiq
- Department of Surgery, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
| | - Yasir Mehmood
- Department of Surgery, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Amaoui B, Safini F, Lahlou L, El Fahssi M, Abbaoui S, Semghouli S. Physicians’ knowledge about radiation protection of patients during prescription of CT scan procedures in Morocco. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
|
6
|
Karavas E, Ece B, Aydın S, Kocak M, Cosgun Z, Bostanci IE, Kantarci M. Are we aware of radiation: A study about necessity of diagnostic X-ray exposure. World J Methodol 2022; 12:264-273. [PMID: 36159099 PMCID: PMC9350723 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i4.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total exposure to ionizing radiation has nearly doubled in the last two decades. This increase is primarily due to increased computed tomography (CT) exposure. Concerns have been raised about the risks associated with patients' exposure to medical imaging radiation, which can increase a person's lifetime risk of developing cancer. Preventing unnecessary examinations becomes critical at this point. To avoid unnecessary examinations, it is necessary to understand the demanding process. AIM To ascertain clinicians' awareness of and reasons for requesting a CT examination. METHODS We developed an online questionnaire that included 20 questions about clinicians' awareness of radiation safety and their reasons for requesting a CT examination, as well as demographic information such as age, gender, and year of medical practice experience. Additionally, we asked participants the number of CT scans requested in a month, the patients' questions and approaches about the imaging method, the effect of the patient's previous imaging history on the current imaging request, whether they believed that they had sufficient information about radiation doses, and whether they requested CT without an indication. We administered the questionnaire to clinicians from a variety of different professions in four different cities. RESULTS A total of 195 clinicians participated. Internal medicine specialists were the most crowded group (38/195, 19.5%). Mean age of the population was 33.66 ± 5.92 years. Mean year of experience was 9.01 ± 5.96. Mean number of requested CT scans in a month was 36.88 ± 5.86. Forty-five (23.1%) participants stated that they requested CT scans without clinical indication. The most common reasons for CT scan requests were work load, fear of malpractice, and patient demand/insistence. CONCLUSION CT scan requests are influenced by a variety of factors, both internal and external to the doctors and patients. Raising awareness of radiation safety and reducing fear of malpractice by limiting the number of patients per physician may result in a reduction in unnecessary CT examinations and ionizing radiation exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Karavas
- Department of Radiology, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24142, Turkey
| | - Bunyamin Ece
- Department of Radiology, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey
| | - Sonay Aydın
- Department of Radiology, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24142, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kocak
- Department of Radiology, Bolu İzzet Baysal State Hospital, Bolu 14300, Turkey
| | - Zeliha Cosgun
- Department of Radiology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey
| | - Isil Esen Bostanci
- Department of Radiology, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06200, Turkey
| | - Mecit Kantarci
- Department of Radiology, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24142, Turkey
- Department of Radiology, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
ŞAHMARAN T, AKÇOBAN S. Meslek yüksekokulu öğrencileri ve akademisyenlerin radyasyon bilgi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi. MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNIVERSITESI TIP DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.17944/mkutfd.1100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışma bir üniversitenin meslek yüksekokulunda sağlık programlarında öğrenim gören öğrenciler ile bu üniversiteye bağlı meslek yüksekokullarında çalışan akademisyenlerin radyasyon bilgi düzeylerini değerlendirme amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte planlanan araştırma Şubat 2022- Mart 2022 tarihleri arasında, 163 öğrenci ve 100 akademisyen ile tamamlandı. Veri toplama formu olarak “Öğrenci Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu”, “Akademisyen Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Radyasyon Tutum Ölçeği” kullanıldı. Veriler elektronik ortamda (Google Formlar) online olarak toplandı. Veri analizi SPSS 25.0 paket programında yapıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık için p
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Turan ŞAHMARAN
- HATAY MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KIRIKHAN MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abdulkadir MK, Piersson AD, Musa GM, Audu SA, Abubakar A, Muftaudeen B, Umana JE. Assessment of diagnostic reference levels awareness and knowledge amongst CT radiographers. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-021-00444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Reports indicated that numerous factors, including inadequate personnel knowledge, contributes to insufficient patient data for setting up diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in developing countries. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of DRLs as an optimisation tool amongst computed tomography (CT) radiographers in northern Nigeria. This is a quantitative cross-sectional study. A structured questionnaire was devised and distributed on site to sixty-two CT radiographers in northern Nigeria. A total of fifteen questions were included in the questionnaire focusing on DRLs, dose optimisation and dose descriptors generating quantitative data concerning overall CT radiographers’ perceived knowledge and awareness about DRLs.
Results
A response rate of 77.4% (48/62) was achieved. About 83.3% of the participants declare DRLs awareness, and 37.5% carried out a local dose survey. The percentage correctly perceived knowledge of concepts; DRLs was 45.8%, dose optimisation (42%) and CT dose descriptor (39%). Radiographers with work experience ranging from 4-10 years had the highest score.
Conclusion
In this survey, deficiencies were noted in radiographers’ knowledge about DRLs with precise knowledge gap in the implementation of local dose survey for DRLs and optimisation. There is a need for continuous radiographers’ training with greater emphasis on dose optimisation and institutional based dose evaluation.
Collapse
|
9
|
Alzimami K, Sulieman A, Omer H, Jambi LK, Alfuraih A, Al Hossain N, Babikir E, Alkhorayef M, Khandaker MU, Bradley D. Evaluation of pediatric radiation doses in computed tomography procedures in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
10
|
Amare DE, Dagne H. Knowledge and Associated Factors of Medical Students Regarding Radiation Exposure from Common Diagnostic Imaging Procedures at the University of Gondar, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci 2021; 30:589-598. [PMID: 33897219 PMCID: PMC8054455 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i4.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physicians’ knowledge about radiation exposure and risks was previously reported as inadequate. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess knowledge and associated factors regarding radiation exposure among medical students from common diagnostic imaging procedures at the University of Gondar. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge and associated factors regarding radiation exposure among medical students. A total of 473 medical students (first through sixth years of study) completed a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multi-variable binary logistic regression was used to see the factors associated with knowledge of medical students on radiation sources, exposure and risks. Variables with p-value <0.2 during the bivariable binary logistic regression were tested in the multivariable binary logistic regression. P-value<0.05 was used to declare significant association at the final model. Result Response rate was 100%. Two hundred fifteen (45.5% 95% confidence interval (CI )(41.0%–50.3%)) participants had good knowledge regarding radiation exposure from diagnostic imaging procedures. Only 177(37.4%) participants correctly knew that Computer Tomography (CT) use X-ray. However, subjects incorrectly named magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as if it used x-ray (12.1%) and source of ionizing radiation (19.5%). Being female [Adjusted-odds-ratio (AOR)=1.57,95% CI(1.05,2.36)], 18-20 years of age [AOR=2.18, 95% CI(1.26, 3.76)], and 1st to 3rd year of study [AOR=3.64, 95% CI(2.23,5.95)] were predictors of knowledge identified. Conclusion The results highlight that medical students need to be trained well with sufficient radiological education that enable them later to adhere to safe practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dagnachew Eyachew Amare
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box, 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Henok Dagne
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box, 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hammami R, Jmaa AB, Bahloul A, Charfeddine S, Ellouze T, Mallek S, Mrad IB, Abid L, Kammoun S, Jdidi J. [Assessment of the practices and knowledge among cardiologists regarding radiation protection in Tunisia]. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 38:300. [PMID: 34178219 PMCID: PMC8197064 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.300.24254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction les procédures de cardiologie interventionnelle sont devenues complexes et chronophages avec un sur-risque d´exposition aux rayonnements ionisants. L’objectif de notre étude était d’évaluer le niveau des connaissances et des pratiques en radioprotection des cardiologues Tunisiens exposés au rayon X. Méthodes notre étude est descriptive analytique réalisée en octobre 2019, organisée sous forme de questionnaire anonyme des connaissances et pratiques en radioprotection et envoyé à tous les Cardiologues Tunisiens exposés aux rayons X. Résultats parmi 126 cardiologues exposés aux rayons X et ayant reçu le questionnaire, 58 médecins ont répondu au questionnaire (48%), avec une prédominance masculine (72%, n=42). Trente-huit médecins (65%) exerçaient dans le secteur public. L´expérience professionnelle était en moyenne de 12,02 ans (ET 6,88 ans). La moitié des médecins avaient un score de connaissances inférieur à 50%. La moyenne du score des pratiques était de 43,83 (ET 13,95%). Le port du tablier en plomb, de la cache thyroïde, du dosimètre, des lunettes en plomb, du calot en plomb était respectivement de 100% (n=58), 86,2% (n=50), 30,7% (n=18), 12,1% (n=7) et 1,7% (n=1). Il n´y avait pas de corrélation entre les scores et l´âge du médecin ainsi que la durée de l´expérience professionnelle. Les scores de connaissances ne différaient pas statistiquement entre les 2 sexes (p=0,06) ni entre le secteur public et le secteur privé (p=0,9). Le score de pratique était significativement plus élevé chez les hommes (0.007) et les cardiologues interventionnels comparés aux rythmologues et cardiopédiatres (p<0.001). Conclusion le niveau des connaissances et des pratiques des cardiologues Tunisiens en radioprotection est globalement insuffisant. Ce qui interpelle les autorités sanitaires à organiser un plan de formation régulier pour cette population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hammami
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie.,Unité de Recherche UR 17ES37, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Abdelhamid Ben Jmaa
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie.,Unité de Recherche UR 17ES37, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Amine Bahloul
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie.,Unité de Recherche UR 17ES37, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Selma Charfeddine
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie.,Unité de Recherche UR 17ES37, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Tarek Ellouze
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie.,Unité de Recherche UR 17ES37, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Souad Mallek
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie.,Unité de Recherche UR 17ES37, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | | | - Leila Abid
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie.,Unité de Recherche UR 17ES37, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Samir Kammoun
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie.,Unité de Recherche UR 17ES37, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Jihen Jdidi
- Unité de Recherche UR 17ES37, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie.,Service de Médecine Préventive, Hôpital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bárdyová Z, Horváthová M, Pinčáková K, Budošová D. The importance of public health in radiology and radiation protection. J Public Health Res 2021; 10:2141. [PMID: 33709644 PMCID: PMC8239619 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2021.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The ionizing radiation belongs to the basic physical factors that can be measured. We forget often about its risks and the possible damage to our health. The imaging methods which use the ionizing radiation increase the diagnostics quality and they have become a certainty for many medical workers. Therefore, they are being used without rational thinking many times. With this is related to increasing the cumulative dose of patients. Next problem can be radiation safety knowledge of medical workers. The enormous increase in the use of sources ionizing radiation in medicine and rapid development, there may be a disproportionate acquisition of radiation safety knowledge of healthcare workers. At the same time, constant attention must be paid to the biological effects of radiation and realize epidemiology studies. In all the areas mentioned the public health has space. However, it is sad that presently, the radiation safety is not considered important enough in Public Health. Based on many sources, it is safe to say that this is a major problem, because the public health itself can play an important role in radiation safety. It is important to point out, that safety and effectivity of using the source of ionizing radiation is one of the main components of Good Medical Practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Bárdyová
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Trnava University in Trnava.
| | | | | | - Darina Budošová
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Trnava University in Trnava.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Simelane T, Ryan DJ, Stoyanov S, Bennett D, McEntee M, Maher MM, O'Tuathaigh CMP, O'Connor OJ. Bridging the divide between medical school and clinical practice: identification of six key learning outcomes for an undergraduate preparatory course in radiology. Insights Imaging 2021; 12:17. [PMID: 33576894 PMCID: PMC7881064 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-00971-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There exists a significant divide between what is learnt in medical school and subsequently what is required to practice medicine effectively. Despite multiple strategies to remedy this discordance, the problem persists. Here, we describe the identification of a comprehensive set of learning outcomes for a preparation for practice course in radiology. METHODS Assessment of interns' readiness to interact with the radiology department was conducted using a national survey of both interns and radiologists. In parallel, group concept mapping (GCM) which involves a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques was used to identify the shared understanding of participants from a diverse range of medical specialties regarding what topics should be included in an intern preparatory course for interacting with the radiology department. RESULTS The survey demonstrated that most interns and radiologists felt that undergraduate medical training did not prepare interns to interact with the radiology department. GCM identified six learning outcomes that should be targeted when designing a preparatory module: requesting investigations; clinical decision support; radiology department IT and communication; adverse reactions and risks; interpretation of radiology results and urgent imaging. The thematic clusters from the group concept mapping corroborated the deficiencies identified in the national survey. CONCLUSION We have identified six key learning outcomes that should be included in a preparation for practice module in radiology. Future courses targeting these thematic clusters may facilitate a smoother transition from theory to practice for newly graduated doctors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David J Ryan
- Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Slavi Stoyanov
- Open University of the Netherlands, 177, Valkenburgerweg, 6401 DL, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Deirdre Bennett
- Medical Education Unit, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mark McEntee
- Department of Radiography, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael M Maher
- Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colm M P O'Tuathaigh
- Medical Education Unit, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Owen J O'Connor
- Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Awadghanem A, Sbaih M, Hasoon M, Yassin Z, Samara AM, Maree M, Zyoud SH. An assessment of medical students' proficiency regarding the hazards of radiological examinations on the health of workers and patients: a cross-sectional study from Palestine. J Occup Med Toxicol 2020; 15:35. [PMID: 33292346 PMCID: PMC7713170 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-020-00287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of radiological examination is increasing worldwide. Since radiation exposure can result in many health hazards, medical professionals, as well as medical students, should possess adequate knowledge regarding radiation and its related hazards to protect themselves and the patients. Many studies have assessed medical students' knowledge on this topic, but never in Palestine. In this study, we aimed to examine Palestinian medical students' awareness and knowledge regarding radiological examination modalities and their risks on themselves and their patients. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional, population-based study, conducted to assess the awareness of radiation exposure and its risks among Palestinian medical students. An online questionnaire was implemented on medical students at An-Najah National University. A total knowledge score that ranged from 0 to 22 was calculated for each participant, with higher scores indicating better knowledge regarding radiation doses and the related hazards. RESULTS Two hundred eighty and seven students participated in our study, with a response rate of 71%. The average knowledge score of the participants was 10.97 ± 4.31 out of a maximum of 22 points. Male participants and participants in advanced study years achieved better knowledge scores (p-values were 0.034 and < 0.001, respectively). Perceived radiology knowledge was significantly associated with the actual knowledge score among the participants (p-value< 0.001). Receiving radiology lectures in fourth and fifth years significantly affected the participants' knowledge score (p-values were < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We found a severe lack of knowledge regarding radiation doses and related risks among medical students. Therefore, we recommend that medical schools update and supplement their curriculum regarding knowledge on radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Awadghanem
- Department of Radiology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
| | - Mahmoud Sbaih
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
| | - Mohammad Hasoon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
| | - Zaher Yassin
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
| | - Ahmad M. Samara
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
| | - Mosab Maree
- Department of Radiology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
| | - Sa’ed H. Zyoud
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
- Poison Control and Drug Information Center (PCDIC), College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
- Clinical Research Center, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, 44839 Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alchallah MO, Ismail H, Dia T, Shibani M, Alzabibi MA, Mohsen F, Turkmani K, Sawaf B. Assessing diagnostic radiology knowledge among Syrian medical undergraduates. Insights Imaging 2020; 11:124. [PMID: 33226458 PMCID: PMC7683655 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-020-00937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of radiology in medicine and healthcare is rapidly expanding worldwide, but awareness about this field among medical students is poor. This is the first study to assess Syrian medical students' knowledge and attitude regarding radiology. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Syrian Private University, on November 8, 2019, on the International Day of Radiology during the war crisis. Data were collected through self-administered surveys and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS The questionnaire was completed by 269 students whose ages ranged between 17 and 30 years old. Males constituted 63.6% of the respondents. The results revealed adequate knowledge about the basics of radiology. 73.6% of the students had previously heard about interventional radiology. There were slight misconceptions with certain points in each section, especially those pertaining to the radiation exposure of each imaging method. Finally, the students expressed low interest in radiology as a future career (24.5%). CONCLUSIONS The level of awareness can affect a student's decision in considering radiology as a future career. Further evaluation of the methods of teaching, input from medical boards, curriculum advisors, and guidance from radiologists is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mhd Obai Alchallah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Mazzeh Street, P.O. Box 36822, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Hlma Ismail
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Mazzeh Street, P.O. Box 36822, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Tala Dia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Mazzeh Street, P.O. Box 36822, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Mosa Shibani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Mazzeh Street, P.O. Box 36822, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic.
| | - Mhd Amin Alzabibi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Mazzeh Street, P.O. Box 36822, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Fatema Mohsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Mazzeh Street, P.O. Box 36822, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Khaled Turkmani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Mazzeh Street, P.O. Box 36822, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
- AL Kalamoon General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Bisher Sawaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Mazzeh Street, P.O. Box 36822, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Internal Medicine Department, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huang AY, Chia DT, Kreckler S. Exposure to ionising radiation in the clinical workplace: What do medical students know? Eur J Radiol 2020; 128:109029. [PMID: 32408223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Yeying Huang
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK.
| | - Daphne Theresa Chia
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Simon Kreckler
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zervides C, Sassis L, Kefala-Karli P, Christou V, Derlagen A, Papapetrou P, Heraclides A. Assessing radiation protection knowledge in diagnostic radiography in the Republic of Cyprus. A questionnaire survey. Radiography (Lond) 2020; 26:e88-e93. [PMID: 32052768 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiation protection knowledge is essential for medical personnel in ensuring that the possible risks do not outweigh the benefits of diagnostic imaging. This study aimed to assess the radiation protection knowledge of radiographers in Cyprus. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out among radiographers in Cyprus through the Cyprus Society of Registered Radiologic Technologists & Radiation Therapy Technologists. The study was a quantitative descriptive analysis, using a questionnaire with 22 multiple-choice questions. Analysis of the data was done using the statistical software Stata, by performing mean knowledge score comparisons by different participants' characteristics, using t-test and analysis of variance test. Statistical significance was assumed as a p-value < 0.05. RESULTS The answers provided for each question indicate that some areas of radiation protection are less known compared to others, as there is quite a wide range of correct-to-incorrect ratios. The analysis based on participant characteristics in relation to overall radiation effects knowledge, identified important determinants, namely the workplace of the participant (p = 0.006), the type of work licence the participant held at the time of the questionnaire (p = 0.024), and the years of clinical experience of the participant (p = 0.021). CONCLUSION The study showed that the levels of knowledge in radiation protection are of a very good standard. However, work is needed to clarify the specifics of dose limits and the national radiation protection legislation with regards to informing patients about the possible effects of ionising radiation. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The study results indicate the importance of educating radiographers about the requirements of national radiation protection legislation and how this new knowledge can be linked with practise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Zervides
- University of Nicosia Medical School, Cyprus.
| | - L Sassis
- University of Nicosia Medical School, Cyprus
| | | | - V Christou
- University of Nicosia Medical School, Cyprus
| | - A Derlagen
- University of Nicosia Medical School, Cyprus
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Alreshidi MN, Alshubrmi D, Alreshidi F, Soliman K, Alrashidi I. Knowledge about imaging modalities, risks, and protection in radiology among medical students at the University of Hail. Avicenna J Med 2020; 10:15-21. [PMID: 32110545 PMCID: PMC7015000 DOI: 10.4103/ajm.ajm_49_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate awareness and knowledge about radiation risks and safety principles among medical students at the College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia, in their clinical years. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, an anonymous electronic questionnaire was sent to 174 randomly selected students in clinical years 4-6. The questionnaire contained 38 questions. The respondents' answers to these questions were used to classify them according to their demographic characteristics and to evaluate their knowledge about common imaging modalities, radiation risks, and safety measures. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 22. Results Seventy-five (51.7%) of 145 respondents were female and 70 (48.3%) were male. Fifty-five respondents (37.9%) were in year 4, 38 (26.2%) were in year 5, and 52 (35.9%) were in year 6. The mean score for knowledge about common imaging modalities was 4.10 ± 2.030 of 10, that for knowledge about the risks of radiation was 3.17 ± 1.954 (range, 0-8) of 13, and that for knowledge about radiation protection measures was low at 0.79 ± 0.922 (range, 0-4) of 8. Overall, there was an improvement in knowledge about the imaging modalities and the risks of radiation as the number of clinical years increased (P = 0.000), but it was still unsatisfactory. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that the medical students at the University of Hail have very limited knowledge about radiation risks and safety measures. These findings highlight the need for urgent action to improve students' knowledge of these topics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dalal Alshubrmi
- College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez Alreshidi
- Assistant professor, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Soliman
- Consultant medical Physicist, Medical Physics Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Alrashidi
- Interventional Radiologist, Radiology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Demir MC, Akkas M. Awareness of Risks Associated with the Use of Plain X-Ray, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Among Emergency Physicians and Comparison with that of Other Physicians: A Survey from Turkey. MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR : INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019; 25:6587-6597. [PMID: 31476197 PMCID: PMC6738011 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased use of radiological imaging in all departments of medicine, especially in the Emergency Department, requires that physicians have a high level of knowledge regarding commonly used imaging methods and high awareness of the risks of examinations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The physicians were divided into 5 groups according to their specialties as emergency medicine physicians (EMPs), physicians from any specialty of internal sciences, physicians from any specialty of surgical sciences, general practitioners (GPs), and radiologists. A total of 700 physicians answered the questionnaire via email. RESULTS 15.7% of EMPs reported that they did not routinely perform any risk assessment before requesting computed tomography (CT); the rate was 17.9% for direct radiography and 29.3% for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The proportions of physicians who do not routinely perform risk assessments for direct radiography, CT, and MRI were as follows: 16.4%, 8.6%, and 19.3% in physicians from medical sciences, respectively; 25%, 22.9%, and 35% in physicians from surgical sciences, respectively; 24.3%, 14.3%, and 37.1% in GPs, respectively; and 27.1%, 22.1% and 37.1% in radiologists, respectively. In all radiological examinations, 1.4% of EMPs and ≤1.4% of other physicians routinely explain the risks associated with the imaging method to the patients, and discuss the risks and benefits of the imaging with the patients. CONCLUSIONS All physicians, including EMPs, need to undergo urgent training to increase their knowledge on risks of imaging methods and discussion of existing risks with patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Cihat Demir
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sinop Atatürk State Hospital, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Meltem Akkas
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Khan MO, Khan MS, Janjua O, Ali A, Hussain S. Knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations among final year medical students, foundation doctors, specialist radiology registrars and radiographers at a UK university teaching hospital. BJR Open 2018; 1:20180014. [PMID: 33178910 PMCID: PMC7592403 DOI: 10.1259/bjro.20180014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Junior doctors routinely request radiological investigations for patients. Prior studies have noted that among this group there is a lack of knowledge on radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations. However, no studies have compared this against radiology trainees and radiographers. We compared knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations among final year medical students (FYMS), foundation year doctors (FY1, FY2) against specialist radiology trainees (SRT) and radiographers (RG). Methods: A 12-question multiple choice questionnaire (MCQ) was distributed to FYMS, FY1, FY2, SRT and RG at a UK teaching hospital. Questions assessed knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation-dose estimates of common radiological investigations. Mean MCQ scores were compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test to determine statistical significance (p-value < 0.05). Results: 127 participants were included in the study. Mean scores (%) for FYMS (49.3%), FY1 (52.6%) and FY2 (51.1%) were significantly lower compared to SRT (64.4%) and RG (66.3%) (p-value < 0.05). Mean test scores between FYMS, FY1 and FY2 did not significantly differ (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: FYMS, FY1 and FY2 knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations was poor compared to SRT and RG. Patients require knowledge of radiation risk to provide informed consent as per IRMER regulations, thus we propose formal teaching on the subject matter to promote radiation safety culture among medical undergraduates and postgraduates. Advances in knowledge: First study to compare knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations between medical students and junior doctors to radiology trainees and radiographers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Omar Khan
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Saddique Khan
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Osman Janjua
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Shahid Hussain
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Computed tomography use in a large Italian region: trend analysis 2004-2014 of emergency and outpatient CT examinations in children and adults. Eur Radiol 2018; 28:2308-2318. [PMID: 29318431 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-5225-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse CT use in recent years in a high-density Italian area (±10 million inhabitants, including 1 million children), focusing on developing age. METHODS Retrospective analysis of records from HealthCare IT System, covering >400 hospitals and clinics. Description of CT use between 2004-2014 in emergency and outpatient care and assessment of radiation exposure trend. RESULTS Over 9 million scans were performed. Emergency procedures showed a global increase of 230 %, mainly head examinations. In the global outpatient setting, the annual number of CT scans/person increased ±19 %. A moderate increase in CT examinations was observed in the developing age population, while a remarkable increase in dental, chest and abdominal procedures occurred for the 10- to 30-year age range. The increase in mean annual dose/capita in the global patient pool was approximately 42 %, increasing from 0.72-1.03 mSv. The population rate receiving an annual CT radiation dose/capita higher than 1 mSv tripled in the 11-year interval, increasing from 16-48 %. CONCLUSIONS The remarkable increase in radiation exposure raises a special concern for teenagers and young adults, whose risk tends to be underestimated. The fivefold increase in dental CTs in the younger age groups requires further investigations. KEY POINTS • Literature highlights a remarkable increase in CT use over the last decades. • The paediatric age had higher exposure to X-ray risk. • A detailed retrospective analysis of more than 9 million scans was performed. • Dental, chest, abdominal procedures increased remarkably in 10- to 30-year age range. • This study raises concern about exposure for teenagers and young adults.
Collapse
|
22
|
Scali E, Mayo J, Nicolaou S, Kozoriz M, Chang S. Senior medical students' awareness of radiation risks from common diagnostic imaging examinations. CANADIAN MEDICAL EDUCATION JOURNAL 2017; 8:e31-e41. [PMID: 29354195 PMCID: PMC5766217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senior medical students represent future physicians who commonly refer patients for diagnostic imaging studies that may involve ionizing radiation. The radiology curriculum at the University of British Columbia provides students with broad-based knowledge about common imaging examinations. The purpose of this study was to investigate students' awareness of radiation exposures and risks. METHODS An anonymous multiple-choice cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed to final year medical students to assess knowledge of radiation from common diagnostic examinations and radiation-related risks following completion of the longitudinal radiology curriculum, carried out over the four years of medical training. RESULTS Sixty-three of 192 eligible students participated (33% response rate). The majority felt that knowledge of radiation doses of common imaging examinations is somewhat or very important; however, only 12% (N = 8) routinely discuss radiation-related risks with patients. While all respondents recognized children as most sensitive to the effects of radiation, only 24% (N = 15) correctly identified gonads as the most radiation-sensitive tissue. Almost all respondents recognized ultrasound and MRI as radiation free modalities. Respondents who correctly identified the relative dose of common imaging examinations in chest x-ray equivalents varied from 3-77% (N = 2 - 49); the remaining responses were largely underestimates. Finally, 44% (N = 28) correctly identified the excess risk of a fatal cancer from an abdominal CT in an adult, while the remainder underestimated this risk. CONCLUSION Medical students acknowledge the importance of radiation-related issues to patient care. While almost all students are familiar with radiation-free modalities, many are not familiar with, and commonly underestimate, the relative doses and risks of common imaging studies. This may expose patients to increasing imaging investigations and exposure to radiation hazards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Scali
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John Mayo
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Savvas Nicolaou
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Kozoriz
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Silvia Chang
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kada S. Awareness and knowledge of radiation dose and associated risks among final year medical students in Norway. Insights Imaging 2017; 8:599-605. [PMID: 28952058 PMCID: PMC5707217 DOI: 10.1007/s13244-017-0569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective was to assess the knowledge of radiation dose and of the associated risks with ionising imaging examinations of medical students in their final year of training prior to graduating. METHODS An online questionnaire was sent to all final year medical students from two universities. The questionnaire consisted of radiation dose and risk related questions, with multiple choices, only one of these choices was the correct answer. A 'correct' answer was given one mark and no mark was given for 'incorrect/do not know' answers. The total mean score ranged from 0 to 11, with higher scores representing greater knowledge about radiation doses and the associated risks. RESULTS Ninety-nine students completed and returned the questionnaire yielding a response rate of 45%. The total mean score was 3.91 out of possible 11. Only eighteen students scored more than five points (50%). Students who reported moderate confidence in their knowledge about radiation dose and risks, scored significantly higher than students who reported no confidence (p = 0.003). There was a moderate positive correlation between students that reported moderate confidence and radiation knowledge scores (rho = .301, p = .002). CONCLUSION Overall medical students' knowledge of radiation dose and the risks associated with ionising imaging examinations was reported to be low. MAIN MESSAGES • Medical students' knowledge about radiation and associated risk is poor • Students are not aware of radiation doses for common radiological procedures • The majority of students underestimated radiation doses for specific examinations • Students with confidence reported greater knowledge than students with no confidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sundaran Kada
- Department of Occupational therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Postbox 7030, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Faggioni L, Paolicchi F, Bastiani L, Guido D, Caramella D. Awareness of radiation protection and dose levels of imaging procedures among medical students, radiography students, and radiology residents at an academic hospital: Results of a comprehensive survey. Eur J Radiol 2017; 86:135-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
25
|
Power SP, Moloney F, Twomey M, James K, O’Connor OJ, Maher MM. Computed tomography and patient risk: Facts, perceptions and uncertainties. World J Radiol 2016; 8:902-915. [PMID: 28070242 PMCID: PMC5183924 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i12.902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its introduction in the 1970s, computed tomography (CT) has revolutionized diagnostic decision-making. One of the major concerns associated with the widespread use of CT is the associated increased radiation exposure incurred by patients. The link between ionizing radiation and the subsequent development of neoplasia has been largely based on extrapolating data from studies of survivors of the atomic bombs dropped in Japan in 1945 and on assessments of the increased relative risk of neoplasia in those occupationally exposed to radiation within the nuclear industry. However, the association between exposure to low-dose radiation from diagnostic imaging examinations and oncogenesis remains unclear. With improved technology, significant advances have already been achieved with regards to radiation dose reduction. There are several dose optimization strategies available that may be readily employed including omitting unnecessary images at the ends of acquired series, minimizing the number of phases acquired, and the use of automated exposure control as opposed to fixed tube current techniques. In addition, new image reconstruction techniques that reduce radiation dose have been developed in recent years with promising results. These techniques use iterative reconstruction algorithms to attain diagnostic quality images with reduced image noise at lower radiation doses.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zakeri F, Shakeri M, Rajabpour MR, Farshidpour MR, Mianji F. PHYSICIANS' KNOWLEDGE ABOUT RADIATION DOSE AND POSSIBLE RISKS OF COMMON MEDICAL TESTS: A SURVEY IN IRAN. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2016; 172:311-316. [PMID: 27522049 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent data suggest that knowledge of radiation exposures among physicians is inadequate. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate their knowledge of the radiation doses their patients received and awareness of associated biological risks of radiation exposure. A questionnaire in multiple-choice format consisted of four sections with a total of 10 questions based on the literature review. A total of 136 questionnaires were returned from 69 general practitioners and 67 physicians in various specialties from 10 different hospitals in the capital city of Tehran, Iran. Fifty-four percent of general practitioners and twenty-five percent of specialties declared that they are not aware of biological risks of radiation exposure. Fifty-six percent of physicians did not know the correct definition of absorbed dose. Only 33% of physicians knew the dose exposure of a chest X-ray and only 31% knew the approximate doses of various procedures relative to a chest X-ray. Forty-seven percent of physicians incorrectly distinguished the stochastic effects of radiation from the deterministic effects, and thirty-eight of physicians did not know the organs of the body that are most sensitive to ionizing radiation. Only 23.5% of physicians were aware of the one in 2000 risk of induction of fatal carcinoma from computed tomography of the abdomen. Seventy-nine percent of physicians incorrectly underestimated the contribution of nuclear and radiological tests in exposure of an average person. The mean score of the specialties trended toward being more accurate than general practitioners (4.18 ± 1.28 vs. 3.89 ± 1.46, respectively, from a potential accurate total score of 9), but these differences were not statistically significant. Among specialists, orthopedics had the highest scores. The present study demonstrated the limited knowledge of radiation exposures among general practitioners and specialists and a need to improve their knowledge by means of targeted training and re-education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Zakeri
- Nuclear Science and Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
- Iran Nuclear Regulatory Authority, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Fereidoun Mianji
- Nuclear Science and Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
- Iran Nuclear Regulatory Authority, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee AM, Lee MJ. Radiation safety awareness among medical interns: are EU guidelines being implemented? Ir J Med Sci 2016; 186:547-553. [PMID: 27844336 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-016-1530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND European recommendations suggest that medical students should be taught radiation safety before entering clinical practice. AIM The aim of this study was to produce a summative assessment of radiation protection training in medical school in Ireland. MATERIALS AND METHODS A web-based questionnaire was distributed to the 2014 intern population (n = 683) via network intern-coordinators. The survey encompassed knowledge of radiation dose in X-ray investigations, laws governing the prescribing of radiation and complications of radiation exposure to staff and patients. RESULTS Response rate was 14.2% (97/683) with all Irish medical schools represented. 64% of interns reported no formal training in radiation safety. 80% correctly identified MRI and 94% US as not posing a radiation risk. 54% identified CT PET as emitting the highest radiation dose to patients. Only 32% correctly identified one CT abdomen/pelvis as equivalent to the dose from 300 to 500 chest X-rays and 22% correctly identified the theoretical lifetime risk of cancer induction from CT abdomen/pelvis as 1 in 2000. While 71% thought it was very important that prescribers should be aware of patient radiation dose and 28% thought it was moderately important, 74% were not aware of any laws governing the prescribing of radiology investigations. CONCLUSION Currently, there is little formal radiation safety training in Irish medical schools. Knowledge of radiation dose and the laws governing prescribing is limited among qualifying interns. Implementation of a formal radiation safety curriculum in Irish Medical Schools would adhere to EU guidelines and improve prescriber knowledge, patient, and personal radiation safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Lee
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Royal College of Surgeons, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - M J Lee
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Royal College of Surgeons, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ferris H, Twomey M, Moloney F, O’Neill SB, Murphy K, O’Connor OJ, Maher M. Computed tomography dose optimisation in cystic fibrosis: A review. World J Radiol 2016; 8:331-341. [PMID: 27158420 PMCID: PMC4840191 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i4.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disease of the Caucasian population worldwide, with respiratory disease remaining the most relevant source of morbidity and mortality. Computed tomography (CT) is frequently used for monitoring disease complications and progression. Over the last fifteen years there has been a six-fold increase in the use of CT, which has lead to a growing concern in relation to cumulative radiation exposure. The challenge to the medical profession is to identify dose reduction strategies that meet acceptable image quality, but fulfil the requirements of a diagnostic quality CT. Dose-optimisation, particularly in CT, is essential as it reduces the chances of patients receiving cumulative radiation doses in excess of 100 mSv, a dose deemed significant by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. This review article explores the current trends in imaging in CF with particular emphasis on new developments in dose optimisation.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Medical radiation is a very important part of modern medicine, and should be only used when needed and optimized. Justification and optimization of radiation examinations must be performed. The first step of reduction of medical exposure is to know the radiation dose in currently performed examinations. This review covers radiation units, how various imaging modalities report dose, and the current status of radiation dose reports and legislation. Also, practical tips that can be applied to clinical practice are introduced. Afterwards, the importance of radiology exposure related education is emphasized and the current status of education for medical personal and the public is explained, and appropriate education strategies are suggested. Commonly asked radiation dose related example questions and answers are provided in detail to allow medical personnel to answer patients. Lastly, we talk about computerized programs that can be used in medical facilities for managing patient dose. While patient dose monitoring and management should be used to decrease and optimize overall radiation dose, it should not be used to assess individual cancer risk. One must always remember that medically justified examinations should always be performed, and unneeded examinations should be avoided in the first place.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Yong Park
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Eun Jung
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jindal T. The Knowledge of Radiation and the Attitude Towards Radio-Protection among Urology Residents in India. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 9:JC08-11. [PMID: 26816919 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/14004.6968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to radiation is a hazard and precautions are necessary to limit it. This study was done to assess the knowledge of radiation and the attitude towards radio-protection among urology residents in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire was administered to assess the knowledge and attitude of urology residents who came from all over the country to attend a clinical meeting at Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata, India. RESULTS All the respondents agreed to being exposed to radiation, with 78.2% using radiation in more than five cases a week. Only 65.2% always took some steps for radio-protection. Lead aprons and thyroid shields were the most common radiation protection devices used. None of the residents ever used lead gloves or protective eye glasses or dosimeters. An 82.6% felt that they did not have adequate knowledge, 85.4% of residents did not receive any formal classes regarding the risk of radiation, 21.7% either rarely or never moved out of the operating room when the radiation was being used, 42.4% did not know that the SI unit of the equivalent absorbed dose of radiation & 52.1% did not know about the amount of radiation delivered to an adult during a contrast enhanced CT scan of the abdomen. CONCLUSION Results of the present study reveal that the urology residents of India lack knowledge about the risks of radiation exposure. Majority of them did not take necessary precautions to limit their exposure to radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Jindal
- Consultant, Department of Urology, SSTC , Firozabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Paolicchi F, Miniati F, Bastiani L, Faggioni L, Ciaramella A, Creonti I, Sottocornola C, Dionisi C, Caramella D. Assessment of radiation protection awareness and knowledge about radiological examination doses among Italian radiographers. Insights Imaging 2015; 7:233-42. [PMID: 26596570 PMCID: PMC4805619 DOI: 10.1007/s13244-015-0445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate radiation protection basic knowledge and dose assessment for radiological procedures among Italian radiographers Methods A validated questionnaire was distributed to 780 participants with balanced demographic characteristics and geographic distribution. Results Only 12.1 % of participants attended radiation protection courses on a regular basis. Despite 90 % of radiographers stating to have sufficient awareness of radiation protection issues, most of them underestimated the radiation dose of almost all radiological procedures. About 5 % and 4 % of the participants, respectively, claimed that pelvis magnetic resonance imaging and abdominal ultrasound exposed patients to radiation. On the contrary, 7.0 % of the radiographers stated that mammography does not use ionising radiation. About half of participants believed that radiation-induced cancer is not dependent on age or gender and were not able to differentiate between deterministic and stochastic effects. Young radiographers (with less than 3 years of experience) showed a higher level of knowledge compared with the more experienced radiographers. Conclusions There is a substantial need for radiographers to improve their awareness of radiation protection issues and their knowledge of radiological procedures. Specific actions such as regular training courses for both undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as for working radiographers must be considered in order to assure patient safety during radiological examinations. Main messages • Radiographers should improve their knowledge on radiation protection issues. • Only 12.1 % of participants attended radiation protection courses on a regular basis. • Specific actions must be considered in order to increase knowledge and awareness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Paolicchi
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Via Roma 67, 56100, Pisa, Italy.
| | - F Miniati
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Via Roma 67, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Bastiani
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Faggioni
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Via Roma 67, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Ciaramella
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Via Roma 67, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - I Creonti
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Via Roma 67, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Sottocornola
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Via Roma 67, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Dionisi
- Department of Medical Physics, Piazzale Ospedale 1, 31100, Treviso, Italy
| | - D Caramella
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Via Roma 67, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
An Exploratory Analysis of Public Awareness and Perception of Ionizing Radiation and Guide to Public Health Practice in Vermont. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 2015:476495. [PMID: 26060500 PMCID: PMC4427848 DOI: 10.1155/2015/476495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ionizing radiation has potential for acute and chronic health effects. Within the general public of the United States, there may be a discrepancy between perceived and actual health risks. In conjunction with the Vermont Department of Health, a survey designed to assess public perception and knowledge of ionizing radiation was administered at 6 Vermont locations (n = 169). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted. Eighty percent of respondents underestimated the contribution of medical imaging tests to total ionizing radiation exposure. Although only thirty-nine percent of participants were confident in their healthcare professional's knowledge of ionizing radiation, most would prefer to receive information from their healthcare professional. Only one-third of individuals who received a medical imaging test in the past year were educated by their healthcare professional about the risks of these tests. Those who tested their home for radon were twice as likely to choose radon as the greatest ionizing radiation risk to self. Although respondents had an above-average education level, there were many misperceptions of actual risks of exposure to ionizing radiation, particularly of medical imaging tests. Educating healthcare professionals would therefore have a profound and positive impact on public understanding of ionizing radiation.
Collapse
|
33
|
Medical Radiation Knowledge among Patients in Local Hospitals. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2015; 46:45-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
34
|
Abdellah RF, Attia SA, Fouad AM, Abdel-Halim AW. Assessment of Physicians’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Radiation Safety at Suez Canal University Hospital, Egypt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ojrad.2015.54034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
35
|
Radiation awareness among radiology residents, technologists, fellows and staff: where do we stand? Insights Imaging 2014; 6:133-9. [PMID: 25412827 PMCID: PMC4330233 DOI: 10.1007/s13244-014-0365-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate and compare the knowledge of radiation dose and risk incurred in common radiology examinations among radiology residents, fellows, staff radiologists and technologists. METHODS A questionnaire containing 17 multiple choice questions was administered to all residents, technologists, fellows and staff radiologists of the department of medical imaging through the hospital group mailing list. RESULTS A total of 92 responses was received. Mean score was 8.5 out of 17. Only 48 % of all participants scored more than 50 % correct answers. Only 23 % were aware of dose from both single-view and two-view chest X-ray; 50-70 % underestimated dose from common studies; 50-75 % underestimated the risk of fatal cancer. Awareness about radiation exposure in pregnancy is variable and particularly poor among technologists. A statistically significant comparative knowledge gap was found among technologists. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a variable level of knowledge about radiation dose and risk among radiology residents, fellows, staff radiologists and technologists, but overall knowledge is inadequate in all groups. There is significant underestimation of dosage and cancer risk from common examinations, which could potentially lead to suboptimal risk assessment and excessive or unwarranted studies posing significant radiation hazard to the patient and radiology workers. MAIN MESSAGES • Knowledge of radiation dose and risk is poor among all radiology workers. • Significant knowledge gap among technologists compared to residents, fellows and staff radiologists. • Significant underestimation of radiation dose and cancer risk from common examinations.
Collapse
|
36
|
Moifo B, Edzimbi AL, Tebere H, Tambe J, Samba RN, Fotsin JG. Referring Physicians’ Knowledge on Justification of Medical Exposure in Diagnostic Imaging in a Sub-Saharan African Country, Cameroon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ojrad.2014.41008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
37
|
Ricketts ML, Baerlocher MO, Asch MR, Myers A. Perception of Radiation Exposure and Risk among Patients, Medical Students, and Referring Physicians at a Tertiary Care Community Hospital. Can Assoc Radiol J 2013; 64:208-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carj.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is important for physicians to be aware of the radiation doses as well as the risks associated with diagnostic imaging procedures that they are ordering. Methods A survey was administered to patients, medical students, and referring physicians from a number of specialties to determine background knowledge regarding radiation exposure and risk associated with commonly ordered medical imaging tests. Results A total of 127 patients, 32 referring physicians, and 30 medical students completed the survey. The majority of patients (92%) were not informed of the radiation risks associated with tests that they were scheduled to receive and had false perceptions about the use of radiation and its associated risks. Physicians and medical students had misconceptions about the use of ionizing radiation in a number of radiologic examinations; for example, 25% and 43% of physicians and medical students, respectively, were unaware that interventional procedures used ionizing radiation, and 28% of physicians were unaware that mammography used ionizing radiation. Computed tomographies and barium studies were thought to be associated with the least ionizing radiation among physicians. Conclusion There is a need for educating the public, medical students, and referring physicians about radiation exposure and associated risk so that (1) patients receiving multiple medical imaging tests are aware of the radiation that they are receiving and (2) physicians and future physicians will make informed decisions when ordering such tests to limit the amount of radiation that patients receive and to promote informed consent among patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Ricketts
- Radiology Residency Training Program, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark O. Baerlocher
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Victoria Hospital, Barrie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Murray R. Asch
- Diagnostic Imaging, Lakeridge Health Corporation, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andy Myers
- Diagnostic Imaging, Lakeridge Health Corporation, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mc Laughlin PD, O'Connor OJ, O'Neill SB, Shanahan F, Maher MM. Minimization of Radiation Exposure due to Computed Tomography in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ISRN GASTROENTEROLOGY 2012; 2012:790279. [PMID: 22577571 PMCID: PMC3332204 DOI: 10.5402/2012/790279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Patient awareness and concern regarding the potential health risks from ionizing radiation have peaked recently (Coakley et al., 2011) following widespread press and media coverage of the projected cancer risks from the increasing use of computed tomography (CT) (Berrington et al., 2007). The typical young and educated patient with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may in particular be conscious of his/her exposure to ionising radiation as a result of diagnostic imaging. Cumulative effective doses (CEDs) in patients with IBD have been reported as being high and are rising, primarily due to the more widespread and repeated use of CT (Desmond et al., 2008). Radiologists, technologists, and referring physicians have a responsibility to firstly counsel their patients accurately regarding the actual risks of ionizing radiation exposure; secondly to limit the use of those imaging modalities which involve ionising radiation to clinical situations where they are likely to change management; thirdly to ensure that a diagnostic quality imaging examination is acquired with lowest possible radiation exposure. In this paper, we synopsize available evidence related to radiation exposure and risk and we report advances in low-dose CT technology and examine the role for alternative imaging modalities such as ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging which avoid radiation exposure.
Collapse
|
39
|
Minimization of radiation exposure due to computed tomography in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2011; 35:105-10. [PMID: 21316328 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ionising radiation as a result of diagnostic imaging is increasing among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), primarily due to the more widespread use of computed tomography (CT). The potentially harmful effects of ionising radiation are a major cause for concern and radiologists, technologists and referring physicians who have a responsibility to the patient to ensure judicious use of those imaging modalities which result in exposure to ionising radiation and, when imaging is necessary, to ensure that a diagnostic quality imaging examination is acquired with lowest possible radiation exposure. This can be achieved by limiting the use of those imaging studies which involve ionising radiation to clinical situations where they are likely to change management, by implementing advances in low-dose CT technology, and, where feasible, by using alternative imaging modalities, such as ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging, which avoid radiation exposure.
Collapse
|
40
|
Lee W. Current status of medical radiation exposure and regulation efforts. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2011. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2011.54.12.1248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Whal Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|