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For: Pugmire BS, Shailam R, Gee MS. Role of MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of osteomyelitis in pediatric patients. World J Radiol 2014; 6(8): 530-537 [PMID: 25170391 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v6.i8.530]
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8470/full/v6/i8/530.htm
Number Citing Articles
1
Markus Uhl, Markus Hufnagel. Hämatogene Osteomyelitis im Kindesalter. Die Radiologie 2025; 65(9) doi: 10.1007/s00117-025-01469-3
2
Kaileen Jafari, George A. Woodward. Fever and Knee Effusion in the Pediatric Patient. Pediatric Emergency Care 2022; 38(10) doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000002839
3
Julian M.M. Rogasch, Reza Vali, Lise Borgwardt, Lisa J. States, Ruth Lim, Helen Nadel, Arnoldo Piccardo, Isabel Roca-Bielsa, Lorenzo Biassoni, Pietro Zucchetta, Zvi Bar-Sever. Joint EANM/SNMMI procedural guideline for paediatric bone hybrid imaging with 99mTc-labelled radiopharmaceuticals and [18F]fluoride. EANM Innovation 2025; 1 doi: 10.1016/j.eanmi.2025.100009
4
Alexander M. Stephan, Anna Faino, Derya Caglar, Eileen J. Klein. Clinical Presentation of Acute Osteomyelitis in the Pediatric Emergency Department. Pediatric Emergency Care 2022; 38(1) doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000002217
5
Y. Jin, K. Huang, T. Shao. [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography and conventional imaging modalities in the diagnosis of diabetic foot osteomyelitis: a meta-analysis. Clinical Radiology 2024; 79(9) doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.05.015
6
Peace Andrew, Jeni Page, Dia R. Halalmeh, David Fernandez. Osteomyelitis and Discitis of the Spine. 2025;  doi: 10.1016/B978-0-443-19133-6.00010-9
7
Jordan W. Paynter, B. Gage Griswold, Pearce W. Lane, Daniel W. Paré, Rahil A. Patel, Michael J. Steflik, K. Aaron Shaw. Predicting adjacent infections in pediatric septic arthritis: Do predictive criteria extrapolate across geographic regions?. Journal of Orthopaedics 2021; 28 doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2021.11.004
8
Danika Baskar, Brianna Vey, Andrew Jergel, Kiery Braithwaite, Ashishkumar Parikh. Factors associated with corticotomy in children with osteomyelitis. Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 2026;  doi: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2026.08.006
9
Andrew J. Stevenson, Henry Wynn Jones, Linda C. Chokotho, Verona LL Beckles, William J. Harrison. The Beit CURE Classification of Childhood Chronic Haematogenous Osteomyelitis—a guide to treatment. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2015; 10(1) doi: 10.1186/s13018-015-0282-9
10
Ashishkumar K. Parikh, Edward J. Richer, Annie Shen, Chao Zhang, Kiery A. Braithwaite, Bradley S. Rostad. An Abbreviated Non-Contrast MRI Protocol for Osteomyelitis May Reduce the Need for Sedation in Young Children. Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 2023; 52(6) doi: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2023.05.011
11
Brian Y. Chan, Kara G. Gill, Susan L. Rebsamen, Jie C. Nguyen. MR Imaging of Pediatric Bone Marrow. RadioGraphics 2016; 36(6) doi: 10.1148/rg.2016160056
12
Anang Dwi Parmana, R. Aries Muharram, Defi Marizal, Adi Rizal Soleh, Bambang Sektiari Lukiswanto. Plain Radiographic Features of Bone Destruction Levels in Mandibular Osteomyelitis Defect Post Staphylococcus aureus Induction: In vivo Study. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 2025; 19(1) doi: 10.22207/JPAM.19.1.08
13
Li Xiao, Tinghui Li, Mengmeng Ding, Jiezuan Yang, José Rodríguez-Corrales, Stephen M. LaConte, Nicholas Nacey, David B. Weiss, Li Jin, Harry C. Dorn, Xudong Li. Detecting Chronic Post-Traumatic Osteomyelitis of Mouse Tibia via an IL-13Rα2 Targeted Metallofullerene Magnetic Resonance Imaging Probe. Bioconjugate Chemistry 2017; 28(2) doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00708
14
Xiaolin Lu, Ronghe Chen, Jing Lv, Weicai Xu, Hongjiang Chen, Zebin Ma, Shanshan Huang, Shi Li, Heng Liu, Jun Hu, Liming Nie. High-resolution bimodal imaging and potent antibiotic/photodynamic synergistic therapy for osteomyelitis with a bacterial inflammation-specific versatile agent. Acta Biomaterialia 2019; 99 doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.043
15
Diego De Palma, Helen R. Nadel, Zvi Bar-Sever. Skeletal scintigraphy with SPECT/CT in benign pediatric bone conditions. Clinical and Translational Imaging 2016; 4(3) doi: 10.1007/s40336-016-0169-8
16
Vincent Salmon, Pedro Augusto Gondim Teixeira, Alain Blum. Bone lesions of the tibia: Multimodal iconographic review and diagnostic algorithms, Part 2: Metaphyseal and epiphyseal lesions. European Journal of Radiology Open 2025; 14 doi: 10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100654
17
Jesús Saavedra-Lozano, Oana Falup-Pecurariu, Saul N. Faust, Hermann Girschick, Nico Hartwig, Sheldon Kaplan, Mathie Lorrot, Elpis Mantadakis, Heikki Peltola, Pablo Rojo, Theoklis Zaoutis, Anton LeMair. Bone and Joint Infections. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2017; 36(8) doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001635
18
P. D. Mitchell, A. Viswanath, N. Obi, A. Littlewood, M. Latimer. A prospective study of screening for musculoskeletal pathology in the child with a limp or pseudoparalysis using erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and MRI. Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 2018; 12(4) doi: 10.1302/1863-2548.12.180004
19
Zahra Masroori, Sara Haseli, Elahe Abbaspour, Alireza Pouramini, Arash Azhideh, Marjan Fathi, Fatemeh Kafi, Majid Chalian. Patellar Non-Traumatic Pathologies: A Pictorial Review of Radiologic Findings. Diagnostics 2024; 14(24) doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14242828
20
Yushane Celestine Shih, Mihir M. Thacker. Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections. 2022;  doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-95794-0_5
21
Alexander Aarvold, Priya Sukhtankar, Saul N. Faust. Bone and Joint Infections. 2021;  doi: 10.1002/9781119720676.ch17
22
Angela He, Flavio Duarte Silva, Mina Guirguis, Erin F. Alaia, William B. Morrison, Avneesh Chhabra. Musculoskeletal Infection Reporting and Data System (MSKI-RADS): reviewed and explained. Insights into Imaging 2026; 17(1) doi: 10.1186/s13244-025-02185-1
23
Sayaka Tsuchikane, Hiroyuki Aiba, Rika Goto, Ayako Matsunaga, Yukitsugu Nakamura, Tomohiro Katsuta, Naoki Shimizu. Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the talus in a toddler presenting with a limp. Pediatrics International 2026; 68(1) doi: 10.1111/ped.70322
24
Hua Zhu, Chen Wang, Yan Zou, Kang Wang, Xiangchao Yin, Wenzi Li, Xiaokang Zhou, Lei Zhen. Logistic regression analysis of multiple rapid admission hematological indicators to determine the risk of osteomyelitis in infected children. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B 2024; 33(4) doi: 10.1097/BPB.0000000000001134
25
Akshay Vivek Nandavar, Talya Toledano, Catalina Marino, Shefali Khanna, Yekaterina Sitnitskaya. Contiguous Osteomyelitis of Distal Extremities in Children. Global Pediatric Health 2021; 8 doi: 10.1177/2333794X21991533
26
Chase C. Labiste, Evan McElroy, Ty K. Subhawong, James S. Banks. Systematic review: investigating the added diagnostic value of gadolinium contrast agents for osteomyelitis in the appendicular skeleton. Skeletal Radiology 2022; 51(6) doi: 10.1007/s00256-021-03915-4
27
Mina Guirguis, Parham Pezeshk, Oganes Ashikyan, Prajwal Gowda, Holden Archer, Diana Hoang, Yin Xi, Avneesh Chhabra. Incremental value of diffusion weighted imaging over conventional MRI for the diagnosis of osteomyelitis of extremities. Skeletal Radiology 2023; 52(9) doi: 10.1007/s00256-023-04331-6
28
Su Jin Joo, Huanyu Wang. Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2025;  doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-82763-8.00125-4
29
Joseph H. Huntley, Samuel R. Huntley, Dylan N. Greif, Danielle C. Marshall, Sohil Desai, Jose Rodriguez, Jean Jose. Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Orthopedic Trauma and Infection in the Emergency Department. Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2020; 29(6) doi: 10.1097/RMR.0000000000000256
30
Claude Pierre-Jerome, Arne S. Borthne, Johnny U.V. Monu. The Essentials of Charcot Neuroarthropathy. 2022;  doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-99352-4.00006-1
31
Ashish K. Parikh, Chetan C. Shah. Pediatric Emergency MRI: What You Need to Know to Make It Through the Night. Current Radiology Reports 2017; 5(10) doi: 10.1007/s40134-017-0248-2
32
Li-Yuan Xie, Lei Cao, Wen-Juan Wu, Ji-Cun Liu, Na Zhao, Yong-Li Zheng, Xiao-Na Zhu, Bu-Lang Gao, Gui-Fen Han. Morphology and Distribution of Fat Globules in Osteomyelitis on Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews 2025; 21 doi: 10.2174/0115734056331041250116092101
33
Genny Raffaeli, Irene Borzani, Raffaella Pinzani, Caterina Giannitto, Nicola Principi, Susanna Esposito. Abdominal mass hiding rib osteomyelitis. Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2016; 42(1) doi: 10.1186/s13052-016-0251-x
34
Lior Ben-Zvi, Diklah Sebag, Guy Izhaki, Eldad Katz, Benjamin Bernfeld. Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Arthritis in Children. Current Infectious Disease Reports 2019; 21(7) doi: 10.1007/s11908-019-0678-5
35
Maria Raissaki, Stelios Demetriou, Konstantinos Spanakis, Christos Skiadas, Nikolaos Katzilakis, Emmanouil G. Velivassakis, Eftichia Stiakaki, Apostolos H. Karantanas. Multifocal bone and bone marrow lesions in children — MRI findings. Pediatric Radiology 2017; 47(3) doi: 10.1007/s00247-016-3737-1
36
Devdutta Warhadpande, Sarah Desoky, Ellen Park, Unni Udayasankar. Imaging of Knee Swelling in Children. Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology 2022; 45(12) doi: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000831912.64342.3e
37
Huhu Wang, Bo Wang, Jianwen Zhao, Hongying He, Qing Li, Ming Hao, Weidong Shi, Li Han, Zhi Wang, Jianzheng Zhang, Tiansheng Sun, Peifu Tang. PET/CT-guided navigation-assisted debridement for tibial fracture-related infection: a retrospective cohort study. Journal of Orthopaedic Translation 2026;  doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2026.101228
38
Bryce D. Beutler, Carina Chang, Ellen Y. Chang. Septic Arthritis: Current Concepts. Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 2025; 29(02) doi: 10.1055/s-0045-1802352
39
Piers D. Mitchell, Jose Blanco, Mariusz Chomicki, Alastair Littlewood. Popliteal Fossa Infection, Septic Arthritis of the Knee, Pyomyositis, and Deep Vein Thrombosis Risk in Children. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 2026; 46(3) doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000003123
40
Felipe Ferreira de Souza, Juan Pretell-Mazzini, Ty K. Subhawong. Musculoskeletal MRI of Nontraumatic Emergencies. Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2020; 29(6) doi: 10.1097/RMR.0000000000000258
41
Ching-Di Chang, Jim S. Wu. MR Imaging Findings in Heel Pain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America 2017; 25(1) doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2016.08.011
42
Megan Mignemi, Lawson Copley, Jonathan Schoenecker. Paediatric Orthopaedics. 2017;  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-41142-2_42
43
Angela He, Mina Guirguis, Flavio Duarte Silva, Oganes Ashikyan, Parham Pezeshk, Naveen Rajamohan, Karim Salhadar, Yin Xi, Avneesh Chhabra. Ghost Sign on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Generated Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Map: Additional MRI Diagnostic Marker for Extremity Osteomyelitis. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging 2025; 35(01) doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1789231
44
Nicole Le Saux. Le diagnostic et la prise en charge des infections ostéoarticulaires aiguës chez les enfants. Paediatrics & Child Health 2018; 23(5) doi: 10.1093/pch/pxy050
45
Diego Jaramillo, John P. Dormans, Jorge Delgado, Tal Laor, Joseph W. St Geme. Hematogenous Osteomyelitis in Infants and Children: Imaging of a Changing Disease. Radiology 2017; 283(3) doi: 10.1148/radiol.2017151929
46
Nicole Le Saux. Diagnosis and management of acute osteoarticular infections in children. Paediatrics & Child Health 2018; 23(5) doi: 10.1093/pch/pxy049
47
Desireé Noel Wagner Neville, Noel Zuckerbraun. Pediatric Nontraumatic Hip Pathology. Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine 2016; 17(1) doi: 10.1016/j.cpem.2016.01.005
48
Hongjun Fu, Liwei Xie, Ping Wang. Radiology of Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases - Volume 5. 2022;  doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-5003-1_4
49
A. Fontalis, K. Hughes, M. P. Nguyen, M. Williamson, A. Yeo, D. Lui, Y. Gelfer. The challenge of differentiating vaso-occlusive crises from osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell disease and bone pain: A 15-year retrospective review. Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 2019; 13(1) doi: 10.1302/1863-2548.12.180094
50
Joseph T. Davis, Neha Kwatra, Gary R. Schooler. Pediatric whole‐body MRI: A review of current imaging techniques and clinical applications. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2016; 44(4) doi: 10.1002/jmri.25259
51
Scott A. McAninch, Clinton Smithson, Andrew L. Juergens, Jason N. Collins, Amrita Nanda. Sternoclavicular Joint Infection Presenting as Nonspecific Chest Pain. The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018; 54(2) doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.11.026
52
Bryan Foong, Kenneth Pak Leung Wong, Carolin Joseph Jeyanthi, Jiahui Li, Kevin Boon Leong Lim, Natalie Woon Hui Tan. Osteomyelitis in Immunocompromised children and neonates, a case series. BMC Pediatrics 2021; 21(1) doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-03031-1
53
Prajwal Gowda, Oganes Ashikyan, Parham Pezeshk, Mina Guirguis, Holden Archer, Diana Hoang, Yin Xi, Avneesh Chhabra. Diagnostic performance comparison of conventional radiography to magnetic resonance imaging for suspected osteomyelitis of the extremities: a multi-reader study. European Radiology 2023; 33(11) doi: 10.1007/s00330-023-09734-6
54
Sudha A. Anupindi, Daniel J. Podberesky, Alexander J. Towbin, Jesse Courtier, Michael S. Gee, Kassa Darge, Jonathan R. Dillman. Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: imaging issues with targeted solutions. Abdominal Imaging 2015; 40(5) doi: 10.1007/s00261-015-0423-y
55
Fabrizio Romano, Marisa Molinaro, Susanne Schibli, Philipp KA Agyeman, Ruth Mari Löllgen. The erroneous perception of a clinical sign: Cholestasis preceding sepsis mimicking hepatitis in an adolescent patient. Clinical Case Reports 2021; 9(8) doi: 10.1002/ccr3.4578
56
Wei Li, Qi Li, Heng Zhao, Junlin Li, Wei Zhou, Xiaohong Lv. Radiology of Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases - Volume 5. 2022;  doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-5003-1_6
57
Megan Hannon, Todd Lyons. Pediatric musculoskeletal infections. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 2023; 35(3) doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001234
58
Jonathan Holzmann, Sunday Pam, Geoffrey Clark. Difficulties in diagnosing vertebral osteomyelitis in a child. BMJ Case Reports 2021; 14(1) doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-236037
59
Rida Salman, Marty Mcgraw, Lena Naffaa. Chronic Osteomyelitis of Long Bones: Imaging Pearls and Pitfalls in Pediatrics. Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI 2022; 43(1) doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2021.05.009
60
A. Fontalis, K. Hughes, M. P. Nguyen, M. Williamson, A. Yeo, D. Lui, Y. Gelfer. The challenge of differentiating vaso-occlusive crises from osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell disease and bone pain: A 15-year retrospective review. Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 2019; 13(1) doi: 10.1302/1863-2548.13.180094
61
Vidyadhar V. Upasani, Jessica D. Burns, Tracey P. Bastrom, Keith D. Baldwin, Jonathan G. Schoenecker, Benjamin J. Shore. Practice Variation in the Surgical Management of Children With Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 2022; 42(5) doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000002123
62
Shashank Raj, Mahesh Prakash, Ashu Rastogi, Anindita Sinha, Manavjit Singh Sandhu. The role of diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of diabetic foot osteomyelitis: a preliminary report. Polish Journal of Radiology 2022; 87 doi: 10.5114/pjr.2022.116637
63
Devdutta Warhadpande, Sarah Desoky, Ellen Park, Unni Udayasankar. Imaging of Knee Swelling in Children. Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology 2018; 41(1) doi: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000527914.62603.e5
64
Alex L. Gornitzky, Arin E. Kim, Jennifer M. O’Donnell, Ishaan Swarup. Diagnosis and Management of Osteomyelitis in Children. JBJS Reviews 2020; 8(6) doi: 10.2106/JBJS.RVW.19.00202
65
Claus S. Simpfendorfer. Radiologic Approach to Musculoskeletal Infections. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 2017; 31(2) doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2017.01.004
66
Kylie Disch, Deirdre A. Hill, Harry Snow, Walter Dehority. Clinical outcomes of pediatric osteomyelitis. BMC Pediatrics 2023; 23(1) doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-03863-z
67
Tara A. Morgan, Samantha L. Piper, Lisa L. Lattanza, Ruth B. Goldstein, Thomas Link, Daria Motamedi. Distal Forearm Fracture Open Reduction–Internal Fixation: Sonographic Detection of Hardware Malalignment and Associated Tendon Injuries Missed by Radiography. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 2017; 36(10) doi: 10.1002/jum.14241
68
Logain Nabil Salem, Eman Mohamed Elaskary, Hazem Abdelhay Shalaby, Mohamed M.Harraz, Yosra Fouad Mohamed Rashad. Utilizing magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate osteomyelitis and vaso-occlusive crisis in pediatric sickle cell patients: a diagnostic guide. Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine 2025; 56(1) doi: 10.1186/s43055-025-01637-4
69
Mohammad ElBeialy. Radiopaedia.org. 2015;  doi: 10.53347/rID-38589
70
Holden Archer, Oganes Ashikyan, Parham Pezeshk, Mina Guirguis, Prajwal Gowda, Diana Hoang, Yin Xi, Avneesh Chhabra. Predictive Value of Radiographic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics on Patient Outcomes in Confirmed Acute Osteomyelitis of the Extremities. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography 2023; 47(5) doi: 10.1097/RCT.0000000000001483
71
Marcela De La Hoz Polo, Victoria E. Hudson, John Adu, Subarna Chakravorty, Saira Haque. The many faces of sickle cell disease in children: complications in the appendicular skeleton. Pediatric Radiology 2024; 54(9) doi: 10.1007/s00247-024-05913-9
72
Nuttaya Pattamapaspong. Pitfalls in Musculoskeletal Radiology. 2017;  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-53496-1_33
73
Chaojin Qin, Shi Gao, Li Li, Haiqiong Chen, Yijie Chi, Guoqiang Zhao. Clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis of bone and joint infections in neonates: a single-center report of 20 cases. BMC Pediatrics 2026; 26(1) doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-06872-w
74
Javier A Jara, Fernando A Inostroza, Felipe I Farias. Acute Osteomyelitis of the Pubic Symphysis: A Case Report. Cureus 2023;  doi: 10.7759/cureus.40329
75
Robin Otchwemah, Tobias Moczko, Benedikt Marche, Frauke Mattner, Christian Probst, Thorsten Tjardes. High prevalence of bacteria in clinically aseptic non-unions of the tibia and the femur in tissue biopsies. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 2020; 46(5) doi: 10.1007/s00068-018-1010-z
76
Surajit Mistry, Rajiv Roy, Amit Kumar Jha, Narayan Pandit, Sabyasachi Das, Subhasish Burman, Mathew Joy. Treatment of long bone infection by a biodegradable bone cement releasing antibiotics in human. Journal of Controlled Release 2022; 346 doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.018
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Inyang Ukot. Basic Radiology: Foundations and Professional Practice. 2026;  doi: 10.2174/9798898812010107010017
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Andrew Kailin Zhou, Milind Girish, Azeem Thahir, Jiang An Lim, Xiaoyu Chen, Matija Krkovic. Radiological evaluation of postoperative osteomyelitis in long bones: Which is the best tool?. Journal of Perioperative Practice 2022; 32(1-2) doi: 10.1177/1750458920961347
79
Noelle S.B. Whyte, Robert J. Bielski. Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis in Children. Pediatric Annals 2016; 45(6) doi: 10.3928/00904481-20160428-01
80
Richard Samade, James S. Lin, James E. Popp, Julie Balch Samora. Delayed Presentation of Seymour Fractures: A Single Institution Experience and Management Recommendations. HAND 2021; 16(5) doi: 10.1177/1558944719878846
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Sourabh Kumar Sinha. A Quick Guide to Essential Orthopedics. 2025;  doi: 10.1007/978-981-95-2676-5_34
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Barbara Minkowitz, Jennifer R Ristic, Maria Iram Awan, Eileen Poletick, Elizabeth Baorto. Diagnostic Dilemmas of Pediatric Osteoarticular Infections and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. Pediatric Oncall 2018; 15(1) doi: 10.7199/ped.oncall.2018.12
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Michael S. Furman, Ricardo Restrepo, Supika Kritsaneepaiboon, Bernard F. Laya, Domen Plut, Edward Y. Lee. Updates and Advances: Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infection Imaging Made Easier for Radiologists and Clinicians. Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 2021; 25(01) doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1723004
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Maria Gabriela Figueiro Longo, Camilo Jaimes, Fedel Machado, Jorge Delgado, Michael S. Gee. Pediatric Emergency MRI. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America 2022; 30(3) doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2022.05.004
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鑫 姜. Recent Advances in Pediatric Acute Osteomyelitis: Epidemiology, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management. Advances in Clinical Medicine 2026; 16(03) doi: 10.12677/acm.2026.1631074
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Robert Vezzetti. Pediatric Imaging for the Emergency Provider. 2022;  doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-70849-4.00083-9
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Alexander V. Pozdnyakov, Vyacheslav G. Svarich, Denis A. Lyurov. Comparative analysis of the results of multispiral computed tomography using color mapping and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children. Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care 2023; 13(4) doi: 10.17816/psaic1571
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Eddie G Rodriguez Aquino, Miguel F Agrait Gonzalez, Sarah Marrero Medina, Israel Laracuente. A Rare Case of Spontaneous Elbow Osteomyelitis Presenting With Aseptic Effusion. Cureus 2025;  doi: 10.7759/cureus.80305
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Sarah N. Pierrie, Brian P. Scannell, Brian K. Brighton, Kelly L. Vanderhave. Characteristics of Pyogenic Musculoskeletal Infections in Older Children and Adolescents. Orthopedics 2020; 43(4) doi: 10.3928/01477447-20200521-04
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Ayoub Boutahar, Hind Abou Eljaoud, Tayeb Bentayeb, Lamiae Chater. Acute sacral osteomyelitis mimicking hip pathology in a child: A diagnostic challenge. Radiology Case Reports 2026; 21(11) doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2026.07.052
91
Osamu Miyazaki, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Hidekazu Aoki, Reiko Okamoto, Yoshiyuki Tsutsumi, Mikiko Miyasaka, Shunsuke Nosaka. Acute hematogenous pelvic osteomyelitis: appropriate timing for magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatrics International 2021; 63(1) doi: 10.1111/ped.14353
92
J M.M. Rogasch, H Amthauer, R Kluge, R Bares, I Schatka, T Pfluger, C Franzius. DGN procedural guideline for bone scintigraphy with SPECT and SPECT/CT in children and adolescents. Nuklearmedizin - NuclearMedicine 2026; 65(04) doi: 10.1055/a-2784-7659
93
Naoya Nakamura, Hirotaka Muraoka, Satoshi Tokunaga, Kohei Otsuka, Tomohiro Komatsu, Hitomi Kishimoto, Sawa Muranaka, Kotaro Ito. Quantitative CT texture analysis of the mandibular condyle in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Polish Journal of Radiology 2026; 91(1) doi: 10.5114/pjr/217439