Heart-brain axis, gliotransmitters and peripheral neurogenesis: Emerging regenerative roles of cardiac nexus glia in health and disease

Figure 1 Role of cardiac nexus cells in the regulation of neurogenesis and neurocardiac interaction in health and neurocardiac disease. The left panel illustrates the role of cardiac nexus cells in regulating neurogenesis in the brain through heart dynamics, emphasizing the effective communication and reciprocal relationship between the heart and brain, along with the potential for neurogenesis within the heart itself. In contrast, the right panel depicts pathological alterations observed in neurocardiac disorders, characterized by a disrupted heart–brain axis and impaired neurogenic processes linked to cardiac dysfunction. NSC: Neural stem cells; NP: Neural progenitor.