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Left and right ventricular echocardiographic patterns in cardiogenic pulmonary edema: An exploratory retrospective study
Dan Cristian Popescu, Mara Diaconu, Alexandru Cristian Nechita, Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital “Sfântul Pantelimon”, Bucharest 021652, București, Romania
Diana Țînț, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, “Tran
Author contributions: Popescu DC and Țînț D conceived and designed the study; Popescu DC performed data curation and formal analysis; Popescu DC and Nechita AC conducted the investigation; Popescu DC and Diaconu M developed the study methodology; Țînț D supervised the work; Popescu DC drafted the manuscript; Diaconu M, Țînț D, and Nechita AC critically revised the manuscript; and all authors reviewed the manuscript critically, approved the final version, and agreed to submit it for publication.
AI contribution statement: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT (version GPT-5.1, OpenAI, San Francisco, CA, United States) for language polishing and to assist in generating graphical representations of the study data. No AI tool was involved in the study design, data collection, statistical analysis, interpretation of results, formulation of conclusions, or preparation of the references. All AI-assisted outputs were critically reviewed and revised by the authors, who take full responsibility for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the final manuscript. The authors used ChatGPT (version GPT-5.1, OpenAI, San Francisco, CA, United States) to assist in generating the graphical representations of the study data included in all figures. All AI-assisted graphical content was reviewed, verified, and approved by the authors, who take full responsibility for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the final figures.
Institutional review board statement: As stated in the Methods section, the study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Emergency Clinical Hospital “Sf. Pantelimon”, Bucharest (Approval No. 77/09.09.2024).
Informed consent statement: Patient consent was waived due to the retrospective design of the study, which was based exclusively on anonymized medical records, with no direct patient contact and no collection of identifiable personal data. According to institutional policy and national regulations, written informed consent was not required for this type of retrospective analysis.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to patient privacy and confidentiality restrictions.
Corresponding author: Diana Țînț, Professor, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, “Transilvania” University, Nicolae Balcescu, No. 56, Brasov 500019, Brasov, Romania. diana.tint@unitbv.ro
Received: March 27, 2026
Revised: April 19, 2026
Accepted: June 18, 2026
Published online: July 26, 2026
Processing time: 121 Days and 5 Hours
Revised: April 19, 2026
Accepted: June 18, 2026
Published online: July 26, 2026
Processing time: 121 Days and 5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This single-center retrospective exploratory study describes the clinical and echocardiographic profile of patients presenting with cardiogenic pulmonary edema, with particular focus on left and right ventricular systolic function. Admi