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Cardiovascular outcomes of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in heart failure and coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysis
Zaraq Ahmad Khan, Vyom Patel, Marcos Alberto Jr, Prakhar Anand, Andrei Feldiorean, Mark Georgy, Lindsey Marie Valdiviez, Ibraheem Murtaza, Shawn Curry, Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine Southwest, Vincennes, IN 47591, United States
Rohab Sohail, Ridda Khattak, Department of Internal Medicine, Bayhealth Medical Center, Dover, DE 19934, United States
David Poldneff, Department of Internal Medicine, Ascension St. Vincent, Evansville, IN 47714, United States
Zoraiz Khan, Department of Internal Medicine, Russells Hall Hospital, The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley DY1 2HQ, United Kingdom
Author contributions: Khan ZA and Sohail R conceptualized and designed the study, performed data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment; Khan ZA, Sohail R, and Khattak R performed the literature search and study selection; Khan ZA, Sohail R, and Patel V performed statistical analysis and data interpretation; Khattak R resolved discrepancies; Alberto Jr M, Anand P, Feldiorean A, Georgy M, Valdiviez LM, Poldneff D, Khan Z, Murtaza I, and Curry S provided critical revisions for important intellectual content; all authors reviewed, edited, and approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest in publishing the manuscript.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Corresponding author: Zaraq Ahmad Khan, Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine Southwest, 520 S 7th Street, Vincennes, IN 47591, United States. zaraqakhan@gmail.com
Received: January 30, 2026
Revised: February 19, 2026
Accepted: May 6, 2026
Published online: June 26, 2026
Processing time: 140 Days and 6.5 Hours
Revised: February 19, 2026
Accepted: May 6, 2026
Published online: June 26, 2026
Processing time: 140 Days and 6.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This meta-analysis evaluated the safety and efficacy of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2Is) in patients with congestive heart failure (HF) and coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a population underrepresented in major HF trials. Across four randomized controlled trials, SGLT-2I significantly reduced HF hospitalizations and time-to-first hospitalization without increasing adverse events. However, no mortality benefit was observed. These findings support the safe use of SGLT-2Is to reduce hospitalization burden in this high-risk comorbid population.