Risk stratification for future cardiac arrest after COVID-19 vaccination

doi:10.4330/wjc.v17.i2.103909

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Feb 26, 2025 (publication date) through Feb 25, 2025

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World Journal of Cardiology

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1949-8462

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Cardiol. Feb 26, 2025; 17(2): 103909
Published online Feb 26, 2025. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v17.i2.103909

Risk stratification for future cardiac arrest after COVID-19 vaccination

Peter A McCullough, Nicolas Hulscher

Peter A McCullough, Department of Cardiology, McCullough Foundation, Dallas, TX 75206, United States

Nicolas Hulscher, Department of Epidemiology, McCullough Foundation, Dallas, TX 75206, United States

Author contributions: McCullough PA and Hulscher N were responsible for conceptualization, investigation, project administration, validation, visualization, writing – original draft, writing – review & editing.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Nicolas Hulscher, Senior Researcher, Department of Epidemiology, McCullough Foundation, 5231 Richard Avenue, Dallas, TX 75206, United States. nichulscher@gmail.com

Received: December 4, 2024
Revised: January 14, 2025
Accepted: February 6, 2025
Published online: February 26, 2025
Processing time: 83 Days and 5.4 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: This study reviews evidence linking mRNA vaccines to cardiac pathology and proposes a comprehensive risk stratification approach involving patient history, antibody testing, and cardiac diagnostics. By identifying high-risk individuals through measurable endpoints like spike protein exposure and cardiac biomarkers, this approach seeks to guide clinicians in addressing the risks of myocarditis, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest post-vaccination. Implementing this framework in primary care settings may improve cardiovascular outcomes and reduce preventable deaths.