Batta A, Hatwal J. Excess cardiovascular mortality in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cause for concern! World J Cardiol 2024; 16(7): 380-384 [PMID: 39086893 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v16.i7.380]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Akash Batta, MD, Assistant Professor, Senior Scientist, Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Tagore Nagar, Civil Lines, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India. akashbatta02@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Article-Type of This Article
Editorial
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Cardiol. Jul 26, 2024; 16(7): 380-384 Published online Jul 26, 2024. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v16.i7.380
Excess cardiovascular mortality in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cause for concern!
Akash Batta, Juniali Hatwal
Akash Batta, Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India
Juniali Hatwal, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
Author contributions: Batta A and Hatwal J contributed equally to the manuscript; Batta A and Hatwal J wrote the manuscript; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Akash Batta, MD, Assistant Professor, Senior Scientist, Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Tagore Nagar, Civil Lines, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India. akashbatta02@gmail.com
Received: April 21, 2024 Revised: May 25, 2024 Accepted: June 17, 2024 Published online: July 26, 2024 Processing time: 93 Days and 23.2 Hours
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the commonest cause of chronic liver disease worldwide in recent years. With time, our understanding of NAFLD has evolved from an isolated liver condition to a systemic disease with significant manifestations beyond the liver. Amongst them, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most important and clinically relevant. Recent research supports a strong independent link between NALFD and CVD beyond the shared risk factors and pathophysiology. Female sex hormones are well known to not only protect against CVD in pre-menopausal females, but also contribute to improved adipose tissue function and preventing its systemic deposition. Recent research highlights the increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular-cerebral events (MACCE) amongst male with NAFLD compared to females. Further, racial variation was observed in MACCE outcomes in NAFLD, with excess mortality in the Native Americans and Asian Pacific Islanders compared to the other races.
Core Tip: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the commonest cause of chronic liver disease worldwide in recent years. In recent years, our understanding of NAFLD has evolved from an isolated liver condition to a systemic disease with significant manifestations beyond the liver. Amongst them, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most important and clinically relevant. Recent research supports a strong independent link between NALFD and CVD beyond the shared risk factors and pathophysiology. The findings from translational research and recent clinical data support the heightened risk of major adverse cardiovascular-cerebral events (MACCE) amongst male with NAFLD compared to females. Further, there was racial variation in MACCE outcomes in NAFLD, with excess mortality in the Native Americans and Asian Pacific Islanders compared to the other races largely attributable to the increased comorbidity burden and unfavorable genetics.
