Heart failure in general and cardiac transplant patients with COVID-19

doi:10.4330/wjc.v14.i7.392

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World Journal of Cardiology

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World J Cardiol. Jul 26, 2022; 14(7): 392-402
Published online Jul 26, 2022. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v14.i7.392

Heart failure in general and cardiac transplant patients with COVID-19

Munish Sharma, Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar, Kalpalatha K Guntupalli, Rahul Kashyap, Salim Surani

Munish Sharma, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States

Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar, Department of Medicine, St Michaels' Medical Center, Newark, NJ 07102, United States

Kalpalatha K Guntupalli, Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States

Rahul Kashyap, Salim Surani, Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States

Salim Surani, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX 77807, United States

Author contributions: Sharma M and Jagirdhar G did the literature search and manuscript preparation; Kashyap R, Guntupalli K and Surani S contributed in write-upkeep, editing, and revision of the manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: None of the authors have any conflict of interest to declare.

Corresponding author: Salim Surani, FACP, FCCP, MD, MSc, Doctor, Professor, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University, 8441 Riverside Pkwy, Bryan, TX 77807, United States. srsurani@hotmail.com

Received: February 25, 2022
Peer-review started: February 25, 2022
First decision: April 8, 2022
Revised: April 19, 2022
Accepted: June 24, 2022
Article in press: June 24, 2022
Published online: July 26, 2022
Processing time: 144 Days and 23.5 Hours

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily an infection of the respiratory tract, but it can have multisystem manifestations. Cardiac complications of COVID-19 can range from acute myocardial injury, cardiac arrhythmias, or heart failure, amongst others. Heart failure (HF) in COVID-19 can be a de novo process or due to worsening of pre-existing cardiovascular ailment. HF in a patient with COVID-19 not only poses challenges in clinical presentation and management of COVID-19 but also affect prognosis of the patient. This article aims to succinctly revisit the implications of this pandemic regarding pre-existing HF or new-onset HF based on prevailing data. It also focuses on the management and special recommendations from prior studies and guidelines.

Keywords: COVID-19; Coronavirus; Cardiomyopathy; Heart failure; Cardiomyopathy

Core Tip: The mini-review is composed of assimilation of guidelines and current literature recommendations for managing heart failure in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We discuss many important aspects of heart-failure in COVID-19 from epidemiology to post recovery rehabilitation.