Gatti M, Carisio A, D’Angelo T, Darvizeh F, Dell’Aversana S, Tore D, Centonze M, Faletti R. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries patients: A review. World J Cardiol 2020; 12(6): 248-261 [PMID: 32774777 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i6.248]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Marco Gatti, MD, Doctor, Research Fellow, University of Turin, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology Unit, Via Genova 3, Turin 10126, Italy. marcogatti17@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Cardiol. Jun 26, 2020; 12(6): 248-261 Published online Jun 26, 2020. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i6.248
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries patients: A review
Marco Gatti, Andrea Carisio, Tommaso D’Angelo, Fatemeh Darvizeh, Serena Dell’Aversana, Davide Tore, Maurizio Centonze, Riccardo Faletti
Marco Gatti, Andrea Carisio, Fatemeh Darvizeh, Davide Tore, Faletti Riccardo, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
Tommaso D’Angelo, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, “G. Martino” University Hospital Messina, Messina 98100, Italy
Serena Dell’Aversana, Department of advanced biomedical sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80138, Italy
Maurizio Centonze, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, APSS di Trento, Trento 38123, Italy
Author contributions: Gatti M, D’Angelo T and Dell’Aversana S were involved in conception and design of the study; Gatti M, Carisio A, D’Angelo T, Dell’Aversana S and Tore D involved in literature review, analysis and writing of the original draft; Darvizeh F was involved in writing of the original draft; Centonze M took part in supervision of the study; Faletti R took part in supervision of the study and is the guarantor of the study; All the authors worked together to editing, reviewing and final approval of article.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest associated with any of the senior author or other coauthors contributed their efforts in this manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Marco Gatti, MD, Doctor, Research Fellow, University of Turin, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology Unit, Via Genova 3, Turin 10126, Italy. marcogatti17@gmail.com
Received: February 28, 2020 Peer-review started: February 28, 2020 First decision: April 29, 2020 Revised: May 13, 2020 Accepted: May 30, 2020 Article in press: May 30, 2020 Published online: June 26, 2020 Processing time: 119 Days and 9.6 Hours
Abstract
The diagnosis of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) necessitates documentation of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), non-obstructive coronary arteries, using invasive coronary angiography or coronary computed tomography angiography and no clinically overt cause for AMI. Historically patients with MINOCA represent a clinical dilemma with subsequent uncertain clinical management. Differential diagnosis is crucial to choose the best therapeutic option for ischemic and non-ischemic MINOCA patients. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is able to analyze cardiac structure and function simultaneously and provides tissue characterization. Moreover, CMR could identify the cause of MINOCA in nearly two-third of patients providing valuable information for clinical decision making. Finally, it allows stratification of patients with worse outcomes which resulted in therapeutic changes in almost half of the patients. In this review we discuss the features of CMR in MINOCA; from exam protocols to imaging findings.
Core tip: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) plays a key role in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) patients. A CMR study protocol to evaluate MINOCA patients should include evaluation of cardiac structure and function and tissue characterization with evaluation myocardial injury. With this approach CMR could identify the cause of MINOCA in nearly two-third of patients (acute myocardial infarction, acute myocarditis, takotsubo syndrome and other causes) providing valuable information for clinical decision making and allows stratification of patients with worse outcome.
