|
1
|
Castillo-Escamilla J, Salvador-Viñas MDM, Cimadevilla JM. The Role of Physical Activity on Spatial and Temporal Cognitive Processing in Young Women. Brain Sci 2025; 15:431. [PMID: 40426601 PMCID: PMC12110340 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci15050431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2025] [Accepted: 04/21/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Physical activity (PA) has many benefits for both physical and cognitive health. It has also been related to improvements in memory and executive functions. However, its impact on time estimation remains less explored. Time is a key component of episodic memory, which also involves spatial components to give a full context to events. Given the clear evidence of the benefits of PA in spatial navigation and the anatomical overlap with temporal estimation through the hippocampus, the latter could be affected in a similar way. Therefore, this study aimed to check how PA can influence time processing and spatial memory. We wanted to check if PA influenced time and space with the same directionality. Methods: Forty-two (n = 42) female university students participated in this study, divided into a Sport (n = 25) or Sedentary (n = 17) Group depending on their participation in PA for a minimum of 3 h a week. They were addressed in two different cognitive capabilities. The first was time processing, measured by the Time Comparison Task, which controlled for several key aspects of time literature in its design. Moreover, we measured spatial navigation skills, using a well-proven virtual spatial navigation task, The Boxes Room. Accuracy and mean response times were registered per task. Results: Significant correlations were observed between spatial and temporal task performance. In addition, PA influenced spatial and time processing in a similar way, with the Sport Group outperforming the Sedentary Group in accuracy and response times for both tasks. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that PA influences time processing similarly to its established effects on spatial memory, which could help developing sports programs that further enhance this skill.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Castillo-Escamilla
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería (UAL), 04120 La Cañada, Spain; (J.C.-E.); (M.d.M.S.-V.)
- Health Research Center, University of Almería (UAL), 04120 La Cañada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, International University of La Rioja (UNIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - María del Mar Salvador-Viñas
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería (UAL), 04120 La Cañada, Spain; (J.C.-E.); (M.d.M.S.-V.)
- Health Research Center, University of Almería (UAL), 04120 La Cañada, Spain
| | - José Manuel Cimadevilla
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería (UAL), 04120 La Cañada, Spain; (J.C.-E.); (M.d.M.S.-V.)
- Health Research Center, University of Almería (UAL), 04120 La Cañada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Wang C, Yang X, Guo Z, Zhu G, Fan L. Circadian gene CLOCK accelerates atherosclerosis by promoting endothelial autophagy. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2024; 40:1230-1245. [PMID: 36946412 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2193061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease which gives rise to life-threatening complications like ischemic stroke. Rupture of carotid atherosclerotic plaque is the main cause of ischemic stroke. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that disturbed circadian rhythms could accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis by regulating endothelial function. Moreover, our previous study implicated the circadian gene circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) in the pathogenesis of unstable plaques. In this study, we explored the underlying mechanism that CLOCK mediates endothelial cell autophagy involved in the progression of AS. Circadian and autophagy gene expression was analyzed in the GSE41571 dataset and human carotid atherosclerotic plaque samples. Then we used ox-LDL to treat HUVECs, and analyzed CLOCK and autophagy gene in endothelial cells. Besides that, we comprehensively analyzed in vivo experiments to explore the function of CLOCK in autophagy and atherosclerosis using different staining including HE, MT and IF staining. In the dataset and patient samples, CLOCK expression and autophagy were decreased in the unstable plaque group compared with the stable group. Decreased Beclin1, ATG5, LC3, and CLOCK were also observed in HUVECs under oxidative stress condition which also enhances cell proliferation. In vivo, we also found decreasing level of CLOCK, Beclin1, LC3 and ATG5 in ApoE-/- mice compared with WT mice. Silencing of CLOCK in ApoE-/- mice may further aggravate atherosclerosis including decreased cap thickness and collagens. Our findings implicated that downregulation CLOCK would impair endothelial cell autophagy and accelerate atherosclerotic plaque, which provides a novel strategy for treatment of progression in AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohu Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanglang Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longhua Fan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Chen H, Hong L, Xi G, Wang H, Hu J, Liu Q, Yang L. Prognostic value of quantitative flow ratio in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention therapy: a meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1164290. [PMID: 37608814 PMCID: PMC10441770 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1164290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is one of the most serious health and life-threatening diseases. There is no doubt that despite the increasing number of assessment methods used clinically, the prognosis assessment is still not ideal, and newer assessment methods are needed. Objective To investigate the predictive value of quantitative flow ratio (QFR) for adverse events (vessel-oriented composite endpoint events/target lesion failure) in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Method Eight studies involving 4,173 patients (5,688 vascular lesions) were included. These are studies on the relationship between QFR values and prognosis of adverse cardiac events after PCI. This meta-analysis was performed after quality assessment and data extraction of clinical trials data that met the inclusion criteria. Result Each of the eight studies described the cut-off values for the best predictive ability of post-PCI QFR and the hazard ratio (HR) between QFR values and adverse events, respectively. The pooled HR of these studies was 4.72 (95% CI: 3.29-6.75). Concurrently, lower post-PCI QFR values were associated with the occurrence of individual clinical events (cardiac death/myocardial infarction/target vessel revascularization), with relative risk values of 6.51 (95% CI: 4.96-8.53), 4.83 (95% CI: 3.08-7.57), and 4.21 (95% CI: 2.66-6.68), respectively. Conclusion QFR may have great potential in the assessment of prognosis. It is necessary to measure QFR value after PCI. A lower QFR value after PCI was an important predictor for experiencing adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaigang Chen
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Lang Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Gang Xi
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Jingdezhen, Jingdezhen, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Thomas M, Spertus JA, Andrei AC, Wu T, Farr SL, Warzecha A, Grady KL. Association Between Caregiver Burden and Patient Recovery After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation: Insights From Sustaining Quality of Life of the Aged: Heart Transplant or Mechanical Support. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023; 38:237-246. [PMID: 37027128 PMCID: PMC10885691 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION After left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, caregivers may experience increasing burden because of new roles and responsibilities. We examined the association between caregiver burden at baseline and patient recovery after long-term LVAD implantation in patients ineligible for heart transplantation. METHODS Between October 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, data from 60 patients with a long-term LVAD (age, 60-80 years) and caregivers through 1 postoperative year were analyzed. Caregiver burden was measured using the Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale, a validated instrument used for measuring caregiver burden. Patient recovery post-LVAD implantation was defined by change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 (KCCQ-12) overall summary score and rehospitalizations over 1 year. Multivariable regression models (least-squares for change in KCCQ-12 and Fine-Gray cumulative incidence for rehospitalizations) were used to assess for association with caregiver burden. RESULTS Patients were 69.4 ± 5.5 years old, 85% men, and 90% White. Over the first year post-LVAD implantation, there was a 32% cumulative probability of rehospitalization; 72% (43/60) of patients had an improvement of ≥5 points in KCCQ-12 scores. Caregivers were 61.2 ± 11.5 years old, 93% women, 81% White, and 85% married. Median Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale Difficulty and Time scores at baseline were 1.13 and 2.27, respectively. Higher caregiver burden was not significantly associated with hospitalizations or change in patient health-related quality of life during the first year post-LVAD implantation. CONCLUSIONS Higher caregiver burden at baseline was not associated with patient recovery in the first year after LVAD implantation. Understanding the associations between caregiver burden and patient outcomes after LVAD implantation is important as excessive caregiver burden is a relative contraindication for LVAD implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merrill Thomas
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine
- Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute
| | - John A. Spertus
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine
- Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute
| | | | - Tingqing Wu
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | - Stacy L. Farr
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine
- Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute
| | - Anna Warzecha
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Rameshkumar R, Larkey L, Alperin K, Martin D, Primus A, James D. Study design exploring Qigong and Tai Chi Easy (QTC) on cardiometabolic risk factors. Contemp Clin Trials 2022; 118:106793. [PMID: 35589024 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States paralleled with several cardiometabolic risk factors that are on the rise such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Many of these cardiometabolic risk factors are preventable by lifestyle changes in physical activity and dietary patterns. Qigong and Tai Chi Easy (QTC) exercises are considered meditative movement practices that have been shown to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors such as psychosocial stress, poor sleep quality and weight gain and is particularly suitable for older adults. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a common factor known to be related to reduction of these risks and may be enhanced using HRV biofeedback to specifically optimize effects of QTC. METHODS The protocol presented describes a two-group parallel randomized controlled trial testing effects of QTC vs QTC plus HRV biofeedback "priming" on HRV parameters (primary), and cardiometabolic risk factors and sequelae (secondary) (e.g., waist circumference/percent body fat, sleep quality, stress, anxiety/depression, emotional regulation, eating behaviors, and cognitive performance). We will enroll 50 adults aged 55-85 years old to participate in an 8-week intervention. Self-reported body measurements, psychosocial and behavioral questionnaires, and cognitive performance assessments will be conducted before and after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study are expected to assess effects of QTC and elucidate the potential role of HRV in QTC relative to cardiometabolic risk factors and sequelae. Implications for how HRV may play a central role and be optimized in a meditative movement practice are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Rameshkumar
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Linda Larkey
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Kate Alperin
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Danielle Martin
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Antonia Primus
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Dara James
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Physical Activity Experiences of South Asian Migrant Women in Western Australia: Implications for Intervention Development. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063585. [PMID: 35329275 PMCID: PMC8955647 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of physical activity are widely recognised; however, physical activity uptake remains low in South Asian populations. South Asian migrant women face health risks as they adapt to new cultures, and these risks are often intensified through their limited participation in physical activity as one of the behaviours that promote positive health outcomes. Three focus group discussions with sixteen South Asian migrant women aged between 33 and 64 years, with a median age of 48 years and who live in Western Australia, were conducted. Thematic analysis of the transcribed qualitative data was completed to explore and uncover South Asian women’s experiences with physical activity, as well as their motivation, beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge about physical activity. Five major themes emerged after coding and analysing the data. The themes included the women’s knowledge of physical activity, their general attitudes and beliefs surrounding physical activity, the advantages and disadvantages of participation in physical activity, their experiences with physical activity, and the barriers, challenges, and facilitators surrounding physical activity. Recommendations are proposed to increase physical activity among this group to improve overall health and wellbeing and implications for intervention development are discussed.
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Li M, Guo K, Huang X, Feng L, Yuan Y, Li J, Lao Y, Guo Z. Association Between Serum Galectin-3 Levels and Coronary Stenosis Severity in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:818162. [PMID: 35198615 PMCID: PMC8858949 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.818162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between galectin-3 (Gal-3) and coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been fully elucidated. Aim This study aimed to determine the relationship between the presence and severity of CAD and serum Gal-3 levels. Patients and Methods Three-hundred thirty-one consecutive CAD patients were enrolled as the study group. An additional 62 patients without CAD were enrolled as the control group. Serum Gal-3 levels were separately compared between the non-CAD and CAD groups, among the stable CAD and Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) groups, and between CAD patients with low and high SYNTAX scores (SSs). The 1-year cumulative rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) was also compared among ACS patients by Gal-3 levels. Results Serum Gal-3 was significantly higher in the CAD group than in the non-CAD group 3.89 (0.16–63.67) vs. 2.07 (0.23–9.38) ng/ml, P < 0.001. Furthermore, serum Gal-3 was significantly higher in the non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) group than that in the stable CAD group, 4.72 (1.0–16.14) vs. 2.23 (0.65–23.8) ng/ml, P = 0.04 and higher in the ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) group than that in the stable CAD group 7.87 (0.59–63.67) vs. 2.23 (0.65–23.8) ng/ml, P < 0.001. Serum Gal-3 level was an independent predictor of ACS compared with stable CAD group (OR = 1.131, 95% CI: 1.051–1.217, P = 0.001) as well as high SS (OR = 1.030, 95% CI: 1.021–1.047, P = 0.038) after adjust other confounding risk factors. Acute coronary syndrome patients with Gal-3 levels above the median (gal-3 = 4.78 ng/ml) showed a higher cumulative MACE rate than those with Gal-3 levels below the median. After adjusting other confounding risk factors, Gal-3 remained an independent risk factor for the cumulative rate of MACEs in ACS patients (6% higher rate of MACEs incidence per 1 ng/ml increment of Gal-3). Conclusion Galectin-3 correlated with the presence of CAD as well as coronary stability and complexity. Galectin-3 may be valuable in predicting mid-term prognosis in ACS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Li
- Division of Cardiology, Huiqiao Medical Centre, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Xuansheng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Jiewen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Yi Lao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Division of Cardiology, Huiqiao Medical Centre, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhigang Guo
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Natural Compound Resveratrol Attenuates TNF-Alpha-Induced Vascular Dysfunction in Mice and Human Endothelial Cells: The Involvement of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212486. [PMID: 34830366 PMCID: PMC8620472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a natural compound in grapes and red wine, has drawn attention due to potential cardiovascular-related health benefits. However, its effect on vascular inflammation at physiologically achievable concentrations is largely unknown. In this study, resveratrol in concentrations as low as 1 μm suppressed TNF-α-induced monocyte adhesion to human EA.hy926 endothelial cells (ECs), a key event in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. Low concentrations of resveratrol (0.25–2 μm) also significantly attenuated TNF-α-stimulated mRNA expressions of MCP-1/CCL2 and ICAM-1, which are vital mediators of EC-monocyte adhesion molecules and cytokines for cardiovascular plaque formation. Additionally, resveratrol diminished TNF-α-induced IκB-α degradation and subsequent nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in ECs. In the animal study, resveratrol supplementation in diet significantly diminished TNF-α-induced increases in circulating levels of adhesion molecules and cytokines, monocyte adhesion to mouse aortic ECs, F4/80-positive macrophages and VCAM-1 expression in mice aortas and restored the disruption in aortic elastin fiber caused by TNF-α treatment. The animal study also confirmed that resveratrol blocks the activation of NF-κB In Vivo. In conclusion, resveratrol at physiologically achievable concentrations displayed protective effects against TNF-α-induced vascular endothelial inflammation in vitro and In Vivo. The ability of resveratrol in reducing inflammation may be associated with its role as a down-regulator of the NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Zhou R, Azarpazhooh MR, Spence JD, Hashemi S, Ma W, Cheng X, Gan H, Ding M, Fenster A. Deep Learning-Based Carotid Plaque Segmentation from B-Mode Ultrasound Images. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:2723-2733. [PMID: 34217560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carotid ultrasound measurement of total plaque area (TPA) provides a method for quantifying carotid plaque burden and monitoring changes in carotid atherosclerosis in response to medical treatment. Plaque boundary segmentation is required to generate the TPA measurement; however, training of observers and manual delineation are time consuming. Thus, our objective was to develop an automated plaque segmentation method to generate TPA from longitudinal carotid ultrasound images. In this study, a deep learning-based method, modified U-Net, was used to train the segmentation model and generate TPA measurement. A total of 510 plaques from 144 patients were used in our study, where the Monte Carlo cross-validation was used by randomly splitting the data set into 2/3 and 1/3 for training and testing. Two observers were trained to manually delineate the 510 plaques separately, which were used as the ground-truth references. Two U-Net models (M1 and M2) were trained using the two different ground-truth data sets from the two observers to evaluate the accuracy, variability and sensitivity on the ground-truth data sets used for training our method. The results of the algorithm segmentations of the two models yielded strong agreement with the two manual segmentations with the Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.989 (p < 0.0001) and r = 0.987 (p < 0.0001). Comparison of the U-Net and manual segmentations resulted in mean TPA differences of 0.05 ± 7.13 mm2 (95% confidence interval: 14.02-13.02 mm2) and 0.8 ± 8.7 mm2 (17.85-16.25 mm2) for the two models, which are small compared with the TPA range in our data set from 4.7 to 312.8 mm2. Furthermore, the mean time to segment a plaque was only 8.3 ± 3.1 ms. The presented deep learning-based method described has sufficient accuracy with a short computation time and exhibits high agreement between the algorithm and manual TPA measurements, suggesting that the method could be used to measure TPA and to monitor the progression and regression of carotid atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhou
- School of Computer Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Reza Azarpazhooh
- Stroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - J David Spence
- Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Stroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samineh Hashemi
- Stroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Ma
- Medical Ultrasound Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyao Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haitao Gan
- School of Computer Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Mingyue Ding
- Medical Ultrasound Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Aaron Fenster
- Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Morty RE. Notable observances in September 2021: sepsis, the lung and heart, pulmonary fibrosis, and peer review in focus. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L595-L599. [PMID: 34405724 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00343.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rory E Morty
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Torres R, Silva JA, Vieira SS, Camilo de Carvalho PDT, Bocalini DS, Andrade E, Casarin C, Suzuki F, Antonio EL, Tucci PJF, Serra AJ. Cardiovascular risk and quality of life in supermarket cashiers: The role of physical activity. Work 2021; 67:459-465. [PMID: 33074209 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupations might influence the employees' psychophysical conditions and an important issue is the human activity mechanization, which favors a hypokinetic work status and leads to several chronic diseases. One of the most hypokinetic occupations is the supermarket cashier, in which the individual may spend many hours a day in the same body position. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between cardiovascular risk, quality of life and physical activity level in supermarket cashiers. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study which included 200 supermarket cashiers aged 20 to 41 years from São Paulo, Brazil. The following cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated: overweight, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and tobacco smoking. Physical activity level and quality of life were assessed with the short-form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAq) and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL), respectively. Student t test and Chi-square were carried out to evaluate mean gender comparations and frequency, respectively. Logistic regression models were applied to determine the association between cardiovascular risk factors and physical activity level. RESULTS The prevalence for all cardiovascular risk factors was significantly high in the cashiers with a low physical activity level. However, there was a significant reduction in several risk factors in the groups with moderate and high physical activity levels. The odds ratio values were significantly reduced for the association between the cardiovascular risk factors and the moderate and high physical activity levels. The cashiers with moderate and high physical activity levels showed significantly higher quality of life scores for the social and environmental domain. CONCLUSIONS A high physical activity level is positively related to quality of life in supermarket cashiers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renan Torres
- Programa de pós-graduação em biofotônica aplicada as ciências da saúde. Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Antonio Silva
- Programa de pós-graduação em biofotônica aplicada as ciências da saúde. Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stella Sousa Vieira
- Programa de pós-graduação em Cardiologia. Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo Sales Bocalini
- Laboratorio de fisiologia e bioquimica experimental, centro de educacao fisica e deportos, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Erinaldo Andrade
- Programa de pós-graduação em biofotônica aplicada as ciências da saúde. Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cezar Casarin
- Programa de pós-graduação em biofotônica aplicada as ciências da saúde. Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frank Suzuki
- Programa de pós-graduação em biofotônica aplicada as ciências da saúde. Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ednei Luiz Antonio
- Programa de pós-graduação em Cardiologia. Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Andrey Jorge Serra
- Programa de pós-graduação em biofotônica aplicada as ciências da saúde. Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de pós-graduação em Cardiologia. Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Hsu SP, Lee WS. Effects of female sex hormones on the development of atherosclerosis. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2021; 63:256-262. [PMID: 33380610 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_69_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and associated pathologies, such as coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke, are still the leading cause of death in Western society. The impact of female sex hormones on cardiovascular diseases has been studied intensively with conflicting findings. The controversy is mainly due to the differences in groups sampling, animal models used, hormonal treatment regimens, and the data analyzed. In the present article, the results of in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials are under review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Po Hsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sen Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine; Cancer Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Nardiello C, Morty RE. World health observances in September 2020: sepsis, the lung and heart, and pulmonary fibrosis in focus. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L513-L517. [PMID: 32783623 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00375.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Nardiello
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Rory E Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Determinants of Selected Cardiovascular Diseases among Adult Patients at Cardiac Clinic of Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study. Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 2020:7036151. [PMID: 32547636 PMCID: PMC7273416 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7036151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Africans are experiencing a rapid epidemiological transition characterized by urbanization and lifestyle changes, which are thought to contribute to increased incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in many African countries, including Ethiopia. Despite this, however, there is scarcity of evidence on cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in the current research setting. This study thus aimed at assessing determinants of selected cardiovascular diseases among adult patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital (DBRH). Methodology. An unmatched case-control study was conducted on 143 newly diagnosed patients with CVDs and 286 controls at the cardiac clinic of DBRH from June to September 2017. Primary data were collected using the WHO-STEPS wise structured questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for cardiovascular diseases at p values < 0.05. Result The mean age of study participants is estimated as 45.5 ± 13.8 and ranges from 25 to 64 years. Sixty-one (42.7%) of cases and 147 (51.4%) of controls are males. Half of the cases (49.9%) had ischemic heart diseases (IHD), and 44.1% of cases had hypertensive heart disease (HHD), whereas the rest had chronic valvular heart disease (CRVHD) (4.2%) and peripheral and vascular disease (2.1%). This study identified older age as a risk factor for CVD: age group 35–44 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.05–4.62), 45-54 years (AOR = 4.23; 95% CI: 2.19–8.16), and 55-64 years (AOR = 5.98; 95% CI: 3.26–10.98). Other risk factors were smoking history (AOR = 9.52; 95% CI: 2.12–42.8), low level of physical activity (AOR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.10–5.02), and higher waist circumference (AOR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.16–6.56). Conclusion This study has demonstrated that the most frequent risk factors for CVD were older age, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, and abdominal obesity. Therefore, behavior change communication focusing on lifestyle modification including regular physical activities, smoking cessation, and a balanced diet should be strengthened.
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Syed MH, Zamzam A, Valencia J, Khan H, Jain S, Singh KK, Abdin R, Qadura M. MicroRNA Profile of Patients with Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10040230. [PMID: 32316437 PMCID: PMC7235988 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) results in devastating complications such as lower-limb amputations. In this study, a genome-wide plasma microRNAs (miRNA) sequencing was performed to identify miRNA(s) associated with CLTI. Blood samples were collected from early stage CLTI patients (ABI < 0.9) and non-PAD controls (ABI ≥ 0.9) for 3 experiments: discovery phase (n = 23), confirmatory phase (n = 52) and validation phase (n = 20). In the discovery phase, next generation sequencing (NGS) was used to identify miRNA circulating in the plasma CLTI (n = 13) patients, compared to non-PAD controls (n = 10). Two down-regulated miRNAs (miRNA-6843-3p and miRNA-6766-5p) and three upregulated miRNAs (miRNA-1827, miRNA-320 and miRNA-98-3p) were identified (≥2-fold change). In the confirmatory phase, these 5 deregulated miRNAs were further investigated in non-PAD (n = 21) and CTLI (n = 31) patients using qRT-PCR. Only miRNA-1827 was found to be significantly upregulated (≥3-fold, p-value < 0. 001) in the CLTI group. Lastly, to minimize the influence of confounding factors, miRNA-1827 plasma levels were validated in a third cohort of CLTI patients (n = 10) matched to non-PAD controls (n = 10). Our analysis demonstrated that miRNA-1827 expression was increased in the CLTI cohort (≥2-folds, p-value < 0.001). In summary, circulating miRNA-1827 is significantly elevated in patients with CLTI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muzammil H. Syed
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.H.S.); (A.Z.); (J.V.); (H.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Abdelrahman Zamzam
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.H.S.); (A.Z.); (J.V.); (H.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Jason Valencia
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.H.S.); (A.Z.); (J.V.); (H.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Hamzah Khan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.H.S.); (A.Z.); (J.V.); (H.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Shubha Jain
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.H.S.); (A.Z.); (J.V.); (H.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Krishna K. Singh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
| | - Rawand Abdin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada;
| | - Mohammad Qadura
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-864-5154
| |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Li J, Ogbole G, Aribisala B, Affini M, Yaria J, Kehinde I, Rahman M, Adekunle F, Banjo R, Faniyan M, Akinyemi R, Ovbiagele B, Owolabi M, Sammet S. Association between white matter hyperintensities and stroke in a West African patient population: Evidence from the Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network study. Neuroimage 2020; 215:116789. [PMID: 32276063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is part of the Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN), the largest study of stroke patients in Africa to date, with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data for each patient to confirm stroke. Prior imaging studies performed using high-field MR (≥1.5T) have shown that white matter hyperintensities (WMH), signs of microangiopathy in the subcortical brain, are correlated with many stroke risk factors as well as poor stroke outcomes. The aim of this study was the evaluation of MR images (0.3T-1.5T) from the SIREN study to determine associations between WMH volumes in West African patients and both stroke outcomes and stroke risk factors identified in the SIREN study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Brain MR images of 130 Western African stroke patients (age = 57.87 ± 14.22) were processed through Lesion Segmentation Toolbox of the Statistical Parametric Mapping software to extract all areas of hyperintensity in the brain. WMH was separated from stroke lesion hyperintensity and WMH volume was computed and summed. A stepwise linear regression and multivariate analysis was performed between patients' WMH volume and sociodemographic and clinical indices. RESULTS Multivariate analysis showed that high WMH volume was statistically significantly positively correlated with age (β = 0.44, p = 0.001), waist/hip ratio (β = 0.22, p = 0.03), and platelet count (β = 0.19, p = 0.04) after controlling for head size in a Western African stroke population. CONCLUSION Associations between WMH and age and waist/hip ratio previously identified in Western countries were demonstrated for the first time in a resource-limited, homogeneous black African community using low-field MR scanners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Li
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Godwin Ogbole
- Department of Radiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Joseph Yaria
- Department of Radiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Issa Kehinde
- Department of Radiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mukaila Rahman
- Department of Computer Science, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Rasaq Banjo
- Department of Radiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Rufus Akinyemi
- College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Bruce Ovbiagele
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mayowa Owolabi
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Steffen Sammet
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
17
|
Tong L, Ju Z, Liu L, Wang L, Zhou X, Xiao T, Zhou S. Rice-derived peptide AAGALPS inhibits TNF-α-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:659-667. [PMID: 31993189 PMCID: PMC6977420 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Injury of vascular endothelial cell is one of the main factors triggering atherosclerosis. Peptide AAGALPS was derived from digestion and absorption product of rice α-globulin, which was proved to prevent atherosclerosis in previous study. This study aims to investigate the potential effects of AAGALPS on improving tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells' (HUVECs) injury. As a result, the viability of HUVECs stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-α was significantly increased by AAGALPS in a dose-dependent manner until 25 μg/ml. The peptide obviously reduced the levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde and increased the concentrations of glutathione peroxidase. Furthermore, AAGALPS inhibited the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation and nuclear translocation through regulating inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase α and inhibitor of NF-κB. These results indicated that AAGALPS protected vascular endothelial cells through mediating inflammation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Tao Tong
- Institute of Agro‐Products Processing Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Zhiyuan Ju
- Institute of Agro‐Products Processing Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Liya Liu
- Institute of Agro‐Products Processing Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Lili Wang
- Institute of Agro‐Products Processing Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Institute of Agro‐Products Processing Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Tianzhen Xiao
- Institute of Agro‐Products Processing Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Sumei Zhou
- Institute of Agro‐Products Processing Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of AgricultureBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
|
18
|
Lopera Higuita M, Griffiths LG. Small Diameter Xenogeneic Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds for Vascular Applications. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2019; 26:26-45. [PMID: 31663438 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Currently, despite the success of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) remains among the most commonly performed cardiac surgical procedures in the United States. Unfortunately, the use of autologous grafts in CABG presents a major clinical challenge as complications due to autologous vessel harvest and limited vessel availability pose a significant setback in the success rate of CABG surgeries. Acellular extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds derived from xenogeneic vascular tissues have the potential to overcome these challenges, as they offer unlimited availability and sufficient length to serve as "off-the-shelf" CABGs. Unfortunately, regardless of numerous efforts to produce a fully functional small diameter xenogeneic ECM scaffold, the combination of factors required to overcome all failure mechanisms in a single graft remains elusive. This article covers the major failure mechanisms of current xenogeneic small diameter vessel ECM scaffolds, and reviews the recent advances in the field to overcome these failure mechanisms and ultimately develop a small diameter ECM xenogeneic scaffold for CABG. Impact Statement Currently, the use of autologous vessel in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is common practice. However, the use of autologous tissue poses significant complications due to tissue harvest and limited availability. Developing an alternative vessel for use in CABG can potentially increase the success rate of CABG surgery by eliminating complications related to the use of autologous vessel. However, this development has been hindered by an array of failure mechanisms that currently have not been overcome. This article describes the currently identified failure mechanisms of small diameter vascular xenogeneic extracellular matrix scaffolds and reviews current research targeted to overcoming these failure mechanisms toward ensuring long-term graft patency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leigh G Griffiths
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
|
19
|
Obiebi IP, Aiwuyo HO. 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Clinical Guideline-based Prevalence of Hypertension in a semi-urban community in Nigeria: Public Health Perspective. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CARDIOLOGÍA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rccar.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
|
20
|
The association between the chromosome 9p21 CDKN2B-AS1 gene variants and the lipid metabolism: A pre-diagnostic biomarker for coronary artery disease. Anatol J Cardiol 2019; 21:31-38. [PMID: 30587704 PMCID: PMC6382903 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2018.90907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recent genome-wide association studies have established that polymorphisms within CDKN2B-AS1 of chr9p21.3 locus increased susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD) or myocardial infarction. Common variants of CDKN2B-AS1 (including rs4977574 A>G and rs1333040 C>T) are determined to be directly associated with CADs in many populations worldwide and suggested biomarkers for the early detection of CAD. There is a lack of investigation for the association between CDKN2B-AS1 rs4977574 A>G and rs1333040 C>T genetic modifiers and CAD in a Turkish Cypriot population. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential effects of these variants on susceptibility to developing CAD in a Turkish Cypriot population and their contribution to lipid metabolism. Methods: Seventy-one patients with angiography-confirmed CAD were recruited to the CAD group, whereas 153 voluntary subjects without CAD symptoms were enrolled to the control group. Genotyping for the CDKN2B-AS1 gene polymorphisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: There is no statistical significant association observed between rs4977574 and rs1333040 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and two studied groups [odds ratio (OR): 0.763, p=0.185, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.511–1.139 and OR: 1.060, p=0.802, 95% CI 0.672–1.671, respectively]. However, rs2977574 G and rs1333040 T alleles–the risk alleles–were found to be associated with higher level of serum total cholesterol and lower level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in the CAD group (p=0.019, p=0.006 and p=0.022, p=0.031, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first study that establishes the effect of rs1333040 on lipid metabolism. Conclusion: The presence of rs4977574 G and rs1333040 T alleles and interaction may exist as environmental factors associated with lipid metabolism and might be responsible for the development of CAD in a Turkish Cypriot population.
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Pinaire J, Azé J, Bringay S, Cayla G, Landais P. Hospital burden of coronary artery disease: Trends of myocardial infarction and/or percutaneous coronary interventions in France 2009-2014. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215649. [PMID: 31048833 PMCID: PMC6497251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is widely acknowledged to be the first leading cause of fatality in the world with 31% of all deaths worldwide and is predicted to remain as such in 2030. Furthermore, CVD is also a major cause of morbidity in adults worldwide. Among these diseases, the coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause, accounting for over 40% of CVD deaths. Despite a decline in mortality rates, the consequences of more effective preventive and management programs, the burden of CAD remains significant. Indeed, the rise in the prevalence of modifiable risk factors due to changes in lifestyle and health behaviors has further increased the burden of this epidemic. Our objective was to evaluate the hospital burden of CAD via MI trends and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in the French Prospective Payment System (PPS). METHODS MI/PCI were identified in the national PPS database from 2009 to 2014 for patients aged 20 to 99, living in metropolitan France. We examined hospitalisation, readmission and mortality trends using standardised rates. RESULTS Over the six-year period, we identified 678,021 patients, representing 900,121 stays of which, 215,224 had a MI and a PCI. Admission trends increased by nearly 25%. Acute MI cases increased every year, with an alarming increase in women, and more specifically in young women. Men were 3 times more hospitalised than women, who were older. A North-South divide was noted. Twenty seven percent of patients experienced readmission within 1 month. Trajectories of care were significantly different by sex and age. Overall in-hospital death was 3.3%, decreasing by 15% during the period. The highest adjusted mortality rates were observed for inpatients aged <40 or >80. CONCLUSION We outlined the public health burden of this condition and the importance of improving the trajectories of care as an aid for better care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pinaire
- UPRES EA 2415, Clinical Research University Institute, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- LIRMM, UMR 5506, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Azé
- LIRMM, UMR 5506, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandra Bringay
- LIRMM, UMR 5506, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- AMIS, Paul Valéry University, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Cayla
- Cardiology Department, Nîmes University Hospital, Montpellier University, Nîmes, France
| | - Paul Landais
- UPRES EA 2415, Clinical Research University Institute, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
|
22
|
Farahmand M, Ramezani Tehrani F, Khalili D, Cheraghi L, Bahri Khomami M, Azizi F. Association between duration of endogenous estrogen exposure and cardiovascular outcomes: A population - based cohort study. Life Sci 2019; 221:335-340. [PMID: 30763578 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Duration of endogenous estrogen exposure is apparently associated with risk of cardiovascular disease, the longer durations being more cardiovascular disease protective in women. We aimed to investigate the association of cumulative duration of endogenous estrogen exposure over women's reproductive lifespans with cardiovascular disease outcomes. MAIN METHODS For the purpose of the present study, of 10,192 female participants, after excluding those using HRT (n = 84), 3656 women, aged ≥30 years, who met eligibility criteria were selected and divided into three groups based on tertiles (T1, T2, T3) of exposure durations to endogenous estrogen. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate associations between exposure durations and cardiovascular disease outcomes. KEY FINDINGS Cardiovascular events occurred in 352 participants over a median follow-up of 14.2 (13.5, 14.6) years (7.7 per 1000 person years; 95% CI: 6.9-8.5). Incidence of outcome was 10.9 per 1000 person years (CI, 9.4-12.8) in T1, 7.2 per 1000 person years (CI, 6.0-8.7) in T2, and 5.1 per 1000 person years (CI, 4.1-6.4) in T3. The hazard ratio of cardiovascular events in T1 was significantly higher than that inT3, before and after adjustment for confounding variables. Before adjustment, women in T2 had a 40% higher risk of CVD, compared to T3; after adjustment however the risk was similar to that of women in T3. SIGNIFICANCE Shorter durations of exposure to endogenous estrogen may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases among these women later in life. Future studies should target women with short duration of exposure for timely screening and implementation of preventative interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farahmand
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Davood Khalili
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Cheraghi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Bahri Khomami
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
|
23
|
Temel SG, Ergoren MC, Yilmaz I, Oral HB. The use of ACE INDEL polymorphism as a biomarker of coronary artery disease (CAD) in humans with Mediterranean-style diet. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:576-580. [PMID: 30414419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
The ACE INDEL gene polymorphisms are strongly associated with CAD. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between ACE INDEL polymorphism and CAD in Turkish Cypriots whose are expected to have Mediterranean-style diet. 273 Turkish Cypriot descent volunteer subjects (186 controls and 87 CAD patients) participated in this study. Genotyping for the ACE INDEL polymorphism was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. Biochemical parameters except the glucose and triglyceride lipid level were all within normal limits. Glucose level was found significant (p = 0.019) and triglyceride level was observed at the borderline for significance (p = 0.050) in participants according to WHO guidelines. With the respect to the genotype and allele distributions of ACE INDEL, the results showed statistically significant in CAD patients (p = 0.034) and not significant (p = 0.190) in controls. Haplotype analysis showed that D allele was more frequent in patients compared to controls. Thus, there is a statistically significant association with CAD disease with DD genotypes (p = 0.030) in Turkish Cypriot population. The results indicated that ACE INDEL polymorphism is an important predictor of coronary artery disease in Turkish Cypriots. Although 47% of the studied Turkish Cypriot population carry the D allele (p = 0.07), protocols should be developed for prevention strategies immediately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sehime Gulsun Temel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Cerkez Ergoren
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, Cyprus; Experimental Health Sciences Research Center (DESAM), Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Izel Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Haluk Barbaros Oral
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
|
24
|
Wight TN. A role for proteoglycans in vascular disease. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:396-420. [PMID: 29499356 PMCID: PMC6110991 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The content of proteoglycans (PGs) is low in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of vascular tissue, but increases dramatically in all phases of vascular disease. Early studies demonstrated that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) including chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), keratan sulfate (KS) and heparan sulfate (HS) accumulate in vascular lesions in both humans and in animal models in areas of the vasculature that are susceptible to disease initiation (such as at branch points) and are frequently coincident with lipid deposits. Later studies showed the GAGs were covalently attached to specific types of core proteins that accumulate in vascular lesions. These molecules include versican (CSPG), biglycan and decorin (DS/CSPGs), lumican and fibromodulin (KSPGs) and perlecan (HSPG), although other types of PGs are present, but in lesser quantities. While the overall molecular design of these macromolecules is similar, there is tremendous structural diversity among the different PG families creating multiple forms that have selective roles in critical events that form the basis of vascular disease. PGs interact with a variety of different molecules involved in disease pathogenesis. For example, PGs bind and trap serum components that accumulate in vascular lesions such as lipoproteins, amyloid, calcium, and clotting factors. PGs interact with other ECM components and regulate, in part, ECM assembly and turnover. PGs interact with cells within the lesion and alter the phenotypes of both resident cells and cells that invade the lesion from the circulation. A number of therapeutic strategies have been developed to target specific PGs involved in key pathways that promote vascular disease. This review will provide a historical perspective of this field of research and then highlight some of the evidence that defines the involvement of PGs and their roles in the pathogenesis of vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
|
25
|
Park K, Lim S, Park Y, Ju W, Shin Y, Yeom H. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Obesity Levels in Korean Adults: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2015. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018; 9:150-159. [PMID: 30159220 PMCID: PMC6110324 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.4.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The increase in the obesity rate in adult males in Korea is higher than countries in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and other Asian countries. We examined the trends and prevalence of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease by evaluating the weight status amongst adults from 2007 to 2015. Methods The study included 37,402 adults, who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The prevalence trends of cardiovascular disease risk factors were estimated for each body mass index group. Results From 2007 to 2015, significant increases in the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia were observed in normal weight adults (0.03 percentage point (%p), 0.06%p, and 0.13%p, respectively). Amongst the overweight and obese adults, a significant increase in the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was observed, During this period, the prevalence of smoking decreased amongst obese adults and no significant changes in drinking habits and physical activity were noted across all body mass index groups. Conclusion The prevalence of obesity in Korean adults is increasing, and it is necessary to implement interventions to prevent further weight gain and obesity-associated cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwanjun Park
- Center for Public Health, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunmi Lim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yoonhyung Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Woong Ju
- Center for Public Health, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonhee Shin
- Center for Public Health, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hansol Yeom
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
|
26
|
18F-FDG Uptake on PET/CT in Symptomatic versus Asymptomatic Carotid Disease: a Meta-Analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2018; 56:172-179. [PMID: 29730127 PMCID: PMC6105570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in the determination of inflammation in arterial disease is not well defined. This can provide information about arterial wall inflammation in atherosclerotic disease, and may give insight into plaque stability. The aim of this review was to perform a meta-analysis of PET/CT with 18F-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) uptake in symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery disease. METHODS This was a systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, which interrogated the MEDLINE database from January 2001 to May 2017. The search combined the terms, "inflammation", "FDG", and "stroke". The search criteria included all types of studies, with a primary outcome of the degree of arterial vascular inflammation determined by 18F-FDG uptake. Analysis involved an inverse weighted variance estimate of pooled data, using a random effects model. RESULTS A total of 14 articles (539 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. Comparing carotid artery 18F-FDG uptake in symptomatic versus asymptomatic disease yielded a standard mean difference of 0.94 (95% CI 0.58-1.130; p < .0001; I2 = 65%). CONCLUSIONS PET/CT using 18F-FDG can demonstrate carotid plaque inflammation, and is a marker of symptomatic disease. Further studies are required to understand the clinical implication of PET/CT as a risk prediction tool.
Collapse
|
|
27
|
Chen Y, Xu C, Huang R, Song J, Li D, Xia M. Butyrate from pectin fermentation inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption and attenuates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 56:175-182. [PMID: 29574331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the major products of dietary fiber fermentation by intestinal microflora, exert beneficial effects on pathogenesis of multiple metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to determine whether SCFAs from fermentation of pectin (PE), a soluble dietary fiber, prevent the development of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice. Male apoE-/- mice (8-week-old) were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HCD; 21% wt/wt fat, 0.15% wt/wt cholesterol) or HCD supplemented with 20% wt/wt PE (HCD+PE) alone or with antibiotics (HCD+PE + A) in drinking water for 12 weeks. Serum lipids and SCFAs concentrations, atherosclerotic lesion area, and intestinal morphology and function were measured. Caco-2 cells were treated with SCFAs to determine whether they affected the expression of genes involved in cholesterol absorption. HCD+PE-treated mice exhibited decreased serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and reduced atherosclerotic lesion area compared with HCD mice. These beneficial effects of PE were not observed in the HCD+PE+A group. Incubation of Caco-2 cells with butyrate, but not acetate and propionate, down-regulated the expression of Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 but up-regulated the ATP-binding cassette transporters G5 and G8 (ABCG5 and G8) at the mRNA level. Butyrate treatment also increased transcriptional activity of liver X receptor in Caco-2 cells. Our data suggest that butyrate from PE intestinal fermentation protects mice from the progression of diet-induced atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice. These findings suggest a novel mechanism by which dietary fiber may prevent the development of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China
| | - Chengfang Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China
| | - Rong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China
| | - Jiayi Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China
| | - Di Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China
| | - Min Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
28
|
Ding X, He Y, Hao Q, Chen S, Yang M, Leng SX, Yue J, Dong B. The association of single nucleotide polymorphism rs189037C>T in ATM gene with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han populations: A case control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9747. [PMID: 29369221 PMCID: PMC5794405 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence has indicated that ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is closely related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. So we aimed to examine potential association between a gene variant [single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), i.e., rs189037C>T] in the promoter of ATM gene and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Chinese Han populations.In this hospital-based case-control study, a total of 1308 participants were divided into CAD group (652 patients) and control group (656 subjects) after performing coronary angiography. The SNP rs189037 was genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.The distribution of rs189037 genotypes and alleles showed a significant difference between CAD and control subjects (genotypes: P = .032; alleles: P = .028). The percentage of the TT genotype is much higher in control group than that in CAD group (22.0% vs 16.3%, P = .009). After adjustment of the major confounding factors, such difference remained significant (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.43-0.89, P = .010). After analyzing data from different groups divided by genders and smoking status respectively, we found that the protective effect of TT genotype on CAD was significant in males (P = .007) and smokers (P = .031). The difference remained statistically significant after multivariate adjustment (adjusted in males: OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.38-0.93, P = .022; adjusted in smokers: OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.27-0.81, P = .006).Our study suggests that ATM rs189037 polymorphism is associated with CAD in Chinese Han populations. The TT genotype of rs189037 seems to be associated with a lower risk of CAD and a protective genetic marker of CAD, especially in males and smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ding
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics
| | - Yong He
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiukui Hao
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
| | | | - Ming Yang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
| | - Sean X. Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jirong Yue
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
| | - Birong Dong
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
29
|
Adham S, Miranda S, Doucet J, Lévesque H, Benhamou Y. [Statins in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease]. Rev Med Interne 2017; 39:42-49. [PMID: 28866432 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular events are the second leading cause of death in France. The assessment of overall cardiovascular risk using a personalized assessment with weighting risk factors can predict the risk of cardiovascular events in ten years. The validated treatments to reduce cardiovascular mortality in primary prevention are few. The use of statins in primary prevention is discussed. We report in this review the updated conclusions from clinical trials regarding the treatment with statins in primary prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Adham
- Centre de référence des maladies vasculaires rares, service de génétique, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 20-40, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - S Miranda
- Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France
| | - J Doucet
- Service de médecine interne, gériatrie et thérapeutique, hôpital de Saint-Julien, CHU de Rouen, rue Guillaume-Lecointe, 76140 Le Petit-Quevilly, France
| | - H Lévesque
- Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France; Unité inserm U1096, UFR de médecine et de pharmacie de Rouen, 22, boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Y Benhamou
- Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France; Unité inserm U1096, UFR de médecine et de pharmacie de Rouen, 22, boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
|
30
|
|
|
31
|
Chang SS, Sung FC, Lin CL, Hu WS. Association between hemorrhoid and risk of coronary heart disease: A nationwide population-based cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7662. [PMID: 28767586 PMCID: PMC5626140 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to address the association between hemorrhoid and the subsequent risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) development.This retrospective cohort study used reimbursement claims data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 in Taiwan. Thirty-three thousand thirty-four patients with hemorrhoids and 132,136 age-, gender-, and index year matched controls between 2000 and 2010 were identified. Cox model was performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CHD development for the hemorrhoid cohort compared with the nonhemorrhoid cohort.During a follow-up period of 12 years, the overall incidence rate of CHD was 9.91 per 1000 person-years in the hemorrhoid patients and was 1.36-fold higher than in the nonhemorrhoid cohort (7.28 per 1000 person-years) with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.27 (95% CI = 1.21-1.34). Moreover, compared with the nonhemorrhoid patients without these comorbidities, among patients with hemorrhoids, those with any 2 comorbidities were at a significantly increased risk of CHD (HR = 7.12, 95% CI = 6.61-7.67; P < .001), followed by those with any 1 comorbidity (HR = 3.23, 95% CI = 2.94-3.54; P < .001).We found that hemorrhoid patients had a 1.27-fold higher risk of CHD compared with those without hemorrhoids after adjusting for the potential confounding factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Sheng Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
- Department of Health Services Administration
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Wei-Syun Hu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
|
32
|
Mulder JA, Gao J, Fandrick KR, Zeng X, Desrosiers JN, Patel ND, Li Z, Rodriguez S, Lorenz JC, Wang J, Ma S, Fandrick DR, Grinberg N, Lee H, Bosanac T, Takahashi H, Chen Z, Bartolozzi A, Nemoto P, Busacca CA, Song JJ, Yee NK, Mahaney PE, Senanayake CH. Early Development Scale-Up of a Structurally-Challenging 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein (FLAP) Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason A. Mulder
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Joe Gao
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Keith R. Fandrick
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Xingzhong Zeng
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jean-Nicolas Desrosiers
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nitinchandra D. Patel
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Zhibin Li
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Sonia Rodriguez
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jon C. Lorenz
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Shengli Ma
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Daniel R. Fandrick
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nelu Grinberg
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Heewon Lee
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Todd Bosanac
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Zhidong Chen
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Alessandra Bartolozzi
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Peter Nemoto
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Carl A. Busacca
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jinhua J. Song
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nathan K. Yee
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Paige E. Mahaney
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Chris H. Senanayake
- Chemical Development, U.S., ‡Medicinal Chemistry,
U.S., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| |
Collapse
|
|
33
|
Ahmed AM, Hersi A, Mashhoud W, Arafah MR, Abreu PC, Al Rowaily MA, Al-Mallah MH. Cardiovascular risk factors burden in Saudi Arabia: The Africa Middle East Cardiovascular Epidemiological (ACE) study. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2017; 29:235-243. [PMID: 28983166 PMCID: PMC5623029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsha.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited data exist on the epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors in Saudi Arabia, particularly in relation to the differences between Saudi nationals and expatriates in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this analysis was to describe the current prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among patients attending general practice clinics across Saudi Arabia. Methods In this cross-sectional epidemiological analysis of the Africa Middle East Cardiovascular Epidemiological (ACE) study, the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, abdominal obesity) was evaluated in adults attending primary care clinics in Saudi Arabia. Group comparisons were made between patients of Saudi ethnicity (SA nationals) and patients who were not of Saudi ethnicity (expatriates). Results A total of 550 participants were enrolled from different clinics across Saudi Arabia [aged (mean ± standard deviation) 43 ± 11 years; 71% male]. Nearly half of the study cohort (49.8%) had more than three cardiovascular risk factors. Dyslipidemia was the most prevalent risk factor (68.6%). The prevalence of hypertension (47.5%) and dyslipidemia (75.5%) was higher among expatriates when compared with SA nationals (31.4% vs. 55.1%, p = 0.0003 vs. p < 0.0001, respectively). Conversely, obesity (52.6% vs. 41.0%; p = 0.008) and abdominal obesity (65.5% vs. 52.2%; p = 0.0028) were higher among SA nationals vs. expatriates. Conclusion Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors are highly prevalent in SA nationals and expatriates. Programmed community-based screening is needed for all cardiovascular risk factors in Saudi Arabia. Improving primary care services to focus on risk factor control may ultimately decrease the incidence of coronary artery disease and improve overall quality of life. The ACE trial is registered under NCT01243138.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad M Ahmed
- King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Hersi
- King Saud University, College of Medicine, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Mashhoud
- Pfizer Saudi Limited, King Road Tower, King Abdulaziz Road, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed R Arafah
- King Saud University, College of Medicine, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Mouaz H Al-Mallah
- King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdallah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
|
34
|
Wu Z, Huang Y, Huang J, Fan L. Impact of CRP gene and additional gene-smoking interaction on ischemic stroke in a Chinese Han population. Neurol Res 2017; 39:442-447. [PMID: 28287042 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2017.1297905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the association of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), additional gene-gene, and gene-smoking interaction with ischemic stroke (IS) risk. METHODS Logistic regression is performed to investigate association between SNPs within CRP gene and IS risk. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to analyze the gene-gene and gene-smoking interaction, cross-validation consistency, the testing balanced accuracy and the sign test were calculated. RESULTS Logistic analysis showed that three SNPs were all associated with decreased IS risk in additive and dominant models. The IS risks were lower in carriers of homozygous mutant of rs2794521 polymorphism and heterozygous of rs3093059 and rs1205 than those with wild-type homozygotes genotype, OR (95%CI) were 0.62 (0.40-0.90), 0.68 (0.50-0.96) and 0.65 (0.46-0.97), respectively. GMDR analysis suggested a significant two-locus model (P = 0.0010) involving rs2794521 and rs3093059. We also found a significant two-locus model (P = 0.0010) involving rs2794521 and smoking. Participants with rs2794521-AG or GG and rs3093059-AG or GG genotype have the lowest IS risk, compared to participants with rs2794521-AA and rs3093059-AA genotype, OR (95%CI) was 0.4 2 (0.233-0.61). In addition, non-smokers with rs2794521-AG or GG genotype have the lowest IS risk, compared to smokers with rs2794521-AA genotype, OR (95%CI) was 0.47 (0.23-0.76). CONCLUSIONS We found that rs2794521, rs3093059, and rs1205 were associated with decreased IS risk; we also found that gene-gene interaction between rs2794521 and rs3093059, and gene-environment interaction between rs2794521 and smoking were associated with decreased IS risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenggang Wu
- a Neurology Department , Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , China
| | - Yujing Huang
- a Neurology Department , Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , China
| | - Jing Huang
- a Neurology Department , Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , China
| | - Lin Fan
- a Neurology Department , Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
|
35
|
Chakrabarti S, Liao W, Davidge ST, Wu J. Milk-derived tripeptides IPP (Ile-Pro-Pro) and VPP (Val-Pro-Pro) differentially modulate angiotensin II effects on vascular smooth muscle cells. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
|
|
36
|
Sadaka MA, El-Sharkawy EM, Sobhy MA, Hammad BA. Long-term prognostic implication of coronary plaque characterization as detected by 64-multidetector computed tomography in Egyptian population. Egypt Heart J 2017; 69:63-70. [PMID: 29622956 PMCID: PMC5839357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehj.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the role of multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) in prognosis of patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) by applying plaque characterization and whether obstructive versus non-obstructive plaque volume is a predictor of future cardiac events. BACKGROUND Vulnerable plaques may occur across the full spectrum of severity of stenosis, underlining that also non-obstructive lesions may contribute to coronary events. METHODS We included 1000 consecutive patients with intermediate pretest likelihood of CAD who were evaluated by 64-MDCT. Coronary artery calcium scoring, assessment of degree of coronary stenosis and quantitative assessment of plaque composition and volume were performed. The end point was cardiac death, acute coronary syndrome, or symptom-driven revascularization. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 16 months, 190 patients had suffered cardiac events. In a multivariate regression analysis for events, the total amount of non-calcified plaque (NCP) in non-obstructive lesions was independently associated with an increased hazard ratio for non-fatal MI (1.01-1.9/100-mm3 plaque volume increase, p = 0.039), total amount of obstructive plaque was independently associated with symptoms driven revascularization (p = 0.04) and coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) was independently associated with cardiac deaths (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION MDCT is a non-invasive imaging modality with a prognostic utility in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease by applying plaque characterization and it could identify vulnerable plaques by measuring the total amount of NCP in non-obstructive lesions which could be useful for detecting patients at risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and guide further preventive therapeutic strategies. CACS was shown to be an independent predictor of mortality, while total amount of obstructive volume was shown to be an independent predictor of symptoms driven revascularization.
Collapse
|
|
37
|
Role of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in predicting global cardiovascular risk and differentiating between patients with moderate and high cardiovascular risk. Nucl Med Commun 2017; 37:805-11. [PMID: 27058365 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The usefulness of stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) for cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification in patients at moderate and high CV risk remains controversial. We tested the hypothesis that different clinical risk profiles influence the test and the likelihood of obtaining a positive coronary angiography (CA) in the following 12 months. METHODS We assessed the prognostic value of MPS in 230 patients classified according to the European Society of Cardiology guidelines. RESULTS Patients at high and very-high CV risk had a higher prevalence of positive MPS (25.5 vs. 36.7%, P=0.014 and 9.8 vs. 19.5%, P=0.011, respectively), whereas patients at moderate risk had a higher prevalence of negative MPS (45.1 vs. 38.3, P=NS). Multivariate regression analysis showed that positive MPS was an independent predictor of 12-month positive CA only in patients at high CV risk [odds ratio (OR) 8.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.53-42.03, P=0.014] independent of age>60 and coexistence of obesity and previous percutaneous coronary intervention (OR 3.78, 95% CI 1.18-12.78, P=0.032; OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.03-3.26, P=0.039). The C-statistic showed a good discriminatory power of positive MPS in predicting 12-month positive CA (0.68, 95% CI 0.55-0.80, P=0.015). Mantel-Cox analysis showed that after 12 months of follow-up, in patients at high risk, there was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of patients with positive than those without negative CA (log rank P=0.04). CONCLUSION CV risk stratification on the basis of MPS is useful only in patients at high and very-high CV risk. In these groups, MPS can aid stratification for the risk of CV events.
Collapse
|
|
38
|
Alkandari SA, Alyahya L, Abdulwahab M. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge and attitude among general dentists in Kuwait. World J Emerg Med 2017; 8:19-24. [PMID: 28123615 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentists as health care providers should maintain a competence in resuscitation. This cannot be overemphasized by the fact that the population in our country is living longer with an increasing proportion of medically compromised persons in the general population. This preliminary study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of general dentists towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 licensed general dental practitioners working in ministry of health. Data were obtained through electronic self-administered questionnaire consisting of demographic data of general dentists, and their experience, attitude and knowledge about CPR based on the 2010 American Heart Association guidelines update for CPR. RESULTS Totally 208 general dentists took part in the present study giving a response rate of 83.2%. Only 36% of the participants demonstrated high knowledge on CPR, while 64% demonstrated low knowledge. Participants' age, gender, nationality, years of experience, career hierarchy, and formal CPR training were associated significantly with CPR knowledge. Almost all the participants (99%) felt that dentists needed to be competent in basic resuscitation skills and showed a positive attitude towards attending continuing dental educational programs on CPR. CONCLUSION This study showed that majority of general dental practitioners in Kuwait had inadequate knowledge on CPR. It was also found that CPR training significantly influenced the CPR knowledge of the participants. Therefore, training courses on CPR should be regularly provided to general dentists in the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Alkandari
- Dental Division, Farwaniya Health District, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | - Lolwa Alyahya
- Dental Division, Farwaniya Health District, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | - Mohammed Abdulwahab
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| |
Collapse
|
|
39
|
Parity and serum lipid levels: a cross-sectional study in chinese female adults. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33831. [PMID: 27645134 PMCID: PMC5028753 DOI: 10.1038/srep33831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive factors have been shown to correlate with lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parity and serum lipid levels in community-based Chinese female adults. A total of 4,217 female participants were enrolled. Parity was recorded according to questionnaire and serum lipid profile, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), was measured. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of parity to serum lipid levels, while adjusting for demographics and metabolic risk factors. Parity in this population ranged from 0 to 7. After adjusting for potential confounders, it indicated that females with more than 2 parities appeared to be less likely to suffer from abnormal serum TC level compared with nulliparae (parity = 2, odds ratio (OR) = 0.457, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.284–0.736; parity ≥ 3, OR = 0.363, 95% CI = 0.202–0.653). These findings suggested that parity could correlate with lipid metabolism in Chinese women. Individuals with higher parity appeared to have a lower total cholesterol in blood.
Collapse
|
|
40
|
Yamamoto E, Sugiyama S, Hirata Y, Tokitsu T, Tabata N, Fujisue K, Sugamura K, Sakamoto K, Tsujita K, Matsumura T, Kaikita K, Hokimoto S. Prognostic significance of circulating leukocyte subtype counts in patients with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2016; 255:210-216. [PMID: 27612676 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study investigated the association of leukocyte subtype counts with vascular endothelial dysfunction and future cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS The study included 389 consecutive CAD patients (259 male, 130 female; mean age, 70.1 ± 9.9 years). The patients underwent coronary angiography, and measurement of blood parameters, including leukocyte subtype counts. RESULTS There were 84 cardiovascular events during a mean follow-up of 586 ± 378 days. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a higher probability of cardiovascular events in the high-monocyte group (≥360/mm3) compared with the low-monocyte group (<360/mm3) (log-rank test, p = 0.047). Multivariate Cox hazard analysis identified a high monocyte count as an independent predictor of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 1.63, 95% confidence interval:1.05-2.51, p = 0.028). Peripheral endothelial function in 355 of the CAD patients was assessed by reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry index (RHI) to examine the association of ln-RHI with leukocyte subtype counts. Total leukocyte, monocyte and neutrophil counts were significantly higher in CAD patients with low ln-RHI (<0.57: the mean ln-RHI value) compared with those with high ln-RHI (≥0.57). Univariate analyses revealed that ln-RHI in CAD patients was positively correlated with ln-total leukocyte (r = -0.187, p < 0.001), ln-monocyte (r = 0.316, p < 0.001), and neutrophil (r = -0.175, p = 0.001) counts. Multiple regression analysis showed that the monocyte count was a significant and independent factor associated with ln-RHI (adjusted R2 = 0.126, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A high monocyte count was an independent and incremental predictor of cardiovascular events in CAD patients. The monocyte count was also significantly correlated with peripheral endothelial dysfunction in CAD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Seigo Sugiyama
- Cardiovascular Division Diabetes Care Center, Jinnouchi Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hirata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takanori Tokitsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Noriaki Tabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Fujisue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Sugamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Seiji Hokimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
|
41
|
Moyad MA. Preventing aggressive prostate cancer with proven cardiovascular disease preventive methods. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:874-7; discussion 876. [PMID: 26112486 PMCID: PMC4814969 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.156854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the number one cause of death in the U.S. for 114 of the last 115 years. Risk factors for prostate cancer have primarily mirrored risk proven risk factors for CVD, especially aggressive disease. Obesity, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, metabolic syndrome, unhealthy dietary habits or caloric excess, lack of physical activity, and inflammation are just some of these shared risk factors. The evidence also suggests proven CVD preventive measures are identical to prostate cancer preventive measures, especially in regard to aggressive disease. Thus, apart from lifestyle measures that can encourage optimal heart and prostate health there are potentially several dietary supplements that need to be avoided in healthy men because they may also increase the risk of prostate cancer. However, there are also several low-cost, generic, safe in the appropriate individuals, and naturally derived agents that could reduce prostate cancer risk, and these can be discussed and remembered utilizing the acronym S.A.M. (statins, aspirin, and/or metformin).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Moyad
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
42
|
In Vivo Cardioprotective Effects and Pharmacokinetic Profile of N-Propyl Caffeamide Against Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 65:145-156. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-016-0413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
|
43
|
Hu WS, Lin CL, Chang SS, Chen MF, Chang KC. Increased risk of ischemic heart disease among subjects with cataracts: A population-based cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4119. [PMID: 27428198 PMCID: PMC4956792 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Association between cataract and the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) development is not completely clear. PURPOSE The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the association between cataract and the risk of incident IHD. The secondary aim was to investigate the subsequent IHD risk of patients with cataracts undergoing cataract surgery. METHODS Retrospective data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 (LHID2000) was analyzed. Study participants were composed of patients with cataracts (International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-9-CM] code 366) (n = 32,456), and a comparison cohort without the cataracts (n = 32,456) from 2000 to 2010. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to address the hazard ratio (HR) of IHD associated with cataract. RESULTS Within 12 years of follow up, the overall incidence rates of IHD were 24.2 per 1000 person-years in the cataract cohort and 18.2 per 1000 person-years in the noncataract cohort with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.35 (95% CI = 1.29-1.41; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the cataract patients undergoing cataract surgery were associated with a higher risk of IHD compared with those cataract patients without surgery (aHR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.14; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our finding suggested that patients with cataracts are at an increased risk of subsequent IHD development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Syun Hu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Shih-Sheng Chang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Ming-Fong Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Kuan-Cheng Chang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Kuan-Cheng Chang, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
|
44
|
Abstract
The looming epidemic of stroke and other chronic non-communicable diseases associated with lifestyle and demographic transitions occurring all over the world is increasingly being acknowledged. However, the significance of these trends in the relatively young populations of the countries comprising Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is less certain and considerably overshadowed by attention given to the impact of human immunodeficiency virus and other infectious diseases. We undertook a literature review of the burden of stroke in SSA and provide recommendations for future research. Despite the paucity of high quality studies, the mostly hospital-based data and limited community surveys indicate there to be high and increasing rates of stroke affecting people at much younger ages in SSA than in developed countries. In general, awareness, diagnosis and management of stroke are poor, and the associated case fatality and residual disability are high. As elsewhere, elevated blood pressure is the major determinant of stroke but there are also high rates of strokes related to the complications of rheumatic heart disease and other infections. Given high attributable risks exposures in association with rapid ageing and urbanisation in SSA, the future is not bright. Population-based incidence studies are urgently needed to map the profile and outcome of stroke. Such data would provide the necessary evidence base to improve prevention and treatments for stroke alongside current efforts to bring infectious diseases under control in SSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andre Pascal Kengne
- The George Institute for International Health, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Health of Population in Transition (HoPiT) Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine and Subspecialties, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Craig S. Anderson
- The George Institute for International Health, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
|
45
|
Bykov AT, Chernyshev AV, Vartazaryan MA, Lobastov RV. [Early diagnostics, prophylaxis, and non-pharmacological treatment of the preclinical stages of atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension]. VOPROSY KURORTOLOGII, FIZIOTERAPII, I LECHEBNOĬ FIZICHESKOĬ KULTURY 2016; 92:18-21. [PMID: 26852497 DOI: 10.17116/kurort2015518-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death in most countries, including Russia. Non-pharmacological-modalities intended for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease including hypertension and atherosclerosis currently acquire special significance. The objective of the present*study was to develop a system of methods for early diagnostics, prevention and treatment of the preclinical stages of atherosclerosis and hypertension Another objective was to estimate the effectiveness of these methods. A total of 310 patients at risk-of arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis or with pre-clinical stages of these conditions were examined during a two year observation period. The system of early diagnosis and non-pharmacological primary prevention of cardiovascular disease was developed and evaluated using climatotherapeutic and physiotherapeutic methods in combination with and personalized dietary therapy, hypoxic-hypercapnic factors and educational programs. The study has demonstrated that the proposed system allowed to significantly (p < 0.05) reduce cardiovascular morbidity. The patients of the main group experienced the reduction of abdominal obesity and blood pressure along with the improvement of the blood lipid profile and other indicators. These parameters remained unaltered in the patients comprising the control group. In the main group, the incidence of coronary heart disease and hypertension was 62.5% and 81.25% lower respectively than in the control group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A T Bykov
- State budgetary educational institution of higher professional education 'Kuban State Medical University', Russian Ministry of Health, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, 350063
| | - A V Chernyshev
- State budgetary educational institution of higher professional education 'Kuban State Medical University', Russian Ministry of Health, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, 350063
| | - M A Vartazaryan
- State budgetary educational institution of higher professional education 'Kuban State Medical University', Russian Ministry of Health, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, 350063
| | - R V Lobastov
- State budgetary educational institution of higher professional education 'Kuban State Medical University', Russian Ministry of Health, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, 350063
| |
Collapse
|
|
46
|
Moyad MA, Vogelzang NJ. Heart healthy equals prostate healthy and statins, aspirin, and/or metformin (S.A.M.) are the ideal recommendations for prostate cancer prevention. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:783-91. [PMID: 25657084 PMCID: PMC4577591 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.148070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the number one cause of death in the U.S. for 114 of the last 115 years. Lifestyle factors that promote CVD also appear to increase prostate cancer risk and those that reduce CVD risk also appear to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. The largest randomized trials utilizing dietary supplements or pharmacologic agents for prostate cancer prevention (Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial [SELECT]) have also shed light on the problems and future solutions in this area. Dietary supplements that have not been found to be CVD protective, such as selenium and Vitamin E have not been found to be prostate protective. In addition, over exposure to specific anti-oxidants in nutritionally replete populations may be encouraging cancer growth. Future trials of dietary supplements to prevent prostate cancer could be problematic because by the time a definitive trial is initiated the participants will no longer be “deficient” in the nutrient being tested, which arguably occurred in the SELECT trial. It is also interesting that statins, aspirin, and/or metformin (S.A.M.) are 3 generic, low-cost, heart healthy agents derived from natural sources with separate mechanism of actions, which all appear to have the best benefit to risk ratio compared to any other agent available for prostate cancer prevention, especially aggressive disease, or as an ancillary agent (s) to conventional cancer treatment. It is time to focus on the forest over the trees and recommend proven CVD protective measures for men concerned about their risk of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Moyad
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
47
|
N-(11)C-Methyl-Dopamine PET Imaging of Sympathetic Nerve Injury in a Swine Model of Acute Myocardial Ischemia: A Comparison with (13)N-Ammonia PET. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8430637. [PMID: 27034950 PMCID: PMC4807067 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8430637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Using a swine model of acute myocardial ischemia, we sought to validate N-11C-methyl-dopamine (11C-MDA) as an agent capable of imaging cardiac sympathetic nerve injury. Methods. Acute myocardial ischemia was surgically generated in Chinese minipigs. ECG and serum enzyme levels were used to detect the presence of myocardial ischemia. Paired 11C-MDA PET and 13N-ammonia PET scans were performed at baseline, 1 day, and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery to relate cardiac sympathetic nerve injury to blood perfusion. Results. Seven survived the surgical procedure. The ECG-ST segment was depressed, and levels of the serum enzymes increased. Cardiac uptake of tracer was quantified as the defect volume. Both before and immediately after surgery, the images obtained with 11C-MDA and 13N-ammonia were similar. At 1 to 6 months after surgery, however, 11C-MDA postsurgical left ventricular myocardial defect volume was significantly greater compared to 13N-ammonia. Conclusions. In the Chinese minipig model of acute myocardial ischemia, the extent of the myocardial defect as visualized by 11C-MDA is much greater than would be suggested by blood perfusion images, and the recovery from myocardial sympathetic nerve injury is much slower than the restoration of blood perfusion. 11C-MDA PET may provide additional biological information during recovery from ischemic heart disease.
Collapse
|
|
48
|
Asensio-Lopez MC, Lax A, Sanchez-Mas J, Avellaneda A, Planes J, Pascual-Figal DA. Reformulated meat products protect against ischemia-induced cardiac damage. Food Funct 2016; 7:992-1001. [PMID: 26751429 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01189b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The protective effects of the antioxidants present in food are of great relevance for cardiovascular health. This study evaluates whether the extracts from reformulated meat products with a reduction in fat and/or sodium content exert a cardioprotective effect against ischemia-induced oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes, compared with non-meat foods. Ischemic damage caused loss of cell viability, increased reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and decreased the antioxidant activity. Pretreatment for 24 h with digested or non-digested extracts from reformulated meat products led to protection against ischemia-induced oxidative damage: increased cell viability, reduced oxidative stress and restored the antioxidant activity. Similar results were obtained using extracts from tuna fish, but not with the extracts of green peas, salad or white beans. These results suggest that reformulated meat products have a beneficial impact in protecting cardiac cells against ischemia, and they may represent a source of natural antioxidants with benefits for cardiovascular health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Asensio-Lopez
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca and Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain.
| | - A Lax
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca and Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain.
| | - J Sanchez-Mas
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca and Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain.
| | - A Avellaneda
- R&D Department, ElPozo Alimentación S.A., Alhama de Murcia, Spain
| | - J Planes
- R&D Department, ElPozo Alimentación S.A., Alhama de Murcia, Spain
| | - D A Pascual-Figal
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca and Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
|
49
|
Yu S, Yang H, Guo X, Zhang X, Zheng L, Sun Y. Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors among the hypertensive population from rural Northeast China. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1152. [PMID: 26589291 PMCID: PMC4654887 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our latest study reported the grim status of hypertension in rural China with the prevalence of hypertension reached 51.1%. However, we lack the latest data about the prevalence and epidemiological features of dyslipidemia among hypertensive residents in rural China. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July 2012 to August 2013 through a cluster multistage sampling to a resident group of 4048 individuals (2152 men, 2896 women) with hypertension, age ≥ 35 years, in the rural Northeast China. Serum lipids level were proposed by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. RESULTS Of the hypertension residents without antihypertension treatment, 34.5% had borderline high total cholesterol, 19.2% had high total cholesterol, 11.4% had low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 37.4% had high non HDL-C. The population with borderline high, high, and very high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 20.9, 6.7 and 2.3%, respectively. In addition, 14.3% had borderline high triglycerides, 17.4% had high TG and 2.4% had very high TG. The awareness rate of dyslipidemia among the study population was 5.9%. After adjusting for independent variables, fasting plasma glucose, body mass index, Han nationality, current drinking and smoking, higher annual income and classification of blood pressure were risk factors for dyslipidemia while moderate physical activity was protective factor for dyslipidemia. On the contrary, gender and current drinking decrease the risk of HDL-C. CONCLUSION The prevalence of dyslipidemia was dramatically high and dyslipidemia screening was in-need in all diagnosed hypertensive individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiaofan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shenjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
50
|
Cai HY, Li L, Guo T, Wang YU, Ma TK, Xiao JM, Zhao L, Fang Y, Yang P, Zhao HU. Cardiac shockwave therapy improves myocardial function in patients with refractory coronary artery disease by promoting VEGF and IL-8 secretion to mediate the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:2410-2416. [PMID: 26668649 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac shockwave therapy (CSWT) is a potential and effective remedy to promote revascularization in the ischemic myocardium of patients with refractory coronary heart disease (CHD). The technique is both safe and non-invasive; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of CSWT in treating CHD patients and investigate a potential mechanism. A total of 26 patients with CHD were enrolled in the study, and CSWT was performed over a 3-month period. The efficacy of CSWT was assessed using several clinical parameters. Peripheral blood (PB) was collected prior to and following treatment. The number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the PB was counted using a flow cytometer, and the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-8 (IL-8), stromal cell-derived factor 1 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in the PB were analyzed. Mononuclear cells were isolated from the PB and cultured in vitro. The EPCs and EPC-colony forming units (EPC-CFUs) in the PB mononuclear cell culture were counted using an inverted phase contrast microscope. Following CSWT, the tested clinical parameters were significantly improved. The levels of circulating EPCs, VEGF and IL-8 in the PB were significantly increased, as were the EPCs and EPC-CFUs from the PB mononuclear cell culture. We suggest that EPC proliferation, mediated by VEGF and IL-8 secretion, may be among the potential mechanisms associated with CSWT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Y U Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Tie-Kun Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ming Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Yin Fang
- Department of Medical Statistics, Second Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - H U Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|