Role of 3’-untranslated region translational control in cancer development, diagnostics and treatment

Figure 1 Models of RNA binding proteins interplay in regulation of the same target. A, B: Two RBPs compete for the same binding site in 3’UTR; A: RBP1 binds to the site, repels RBP2, and stimulates translation; B: RBP2 binds to the site, repels RBP1, and inhibits translation; C, D, E: Two RBPs bind to the different sites and cooperate (C, E) or compete (D) in their actions; C: Cooperative action of two RBPs stimulating expression; D: Two RBPs antagonized their effects; E: Cooperative action of two RBPs inhibiting expression. RBPs: RNA binding proteins; 3’UTR: 3’-untranslated region; ORF: Open reading frame.

Figure 2 Models of RNA binding protein and miRNA interplay targeting the same mRNA. A, B: Competitive interaction. A: RBP stabilizes the secondary structure in 3’UTR, and prevents miRNA binding; B: RBP competes with miRNA for the same binding site; C, D: Cooperative interaction; C: RBP facilitates miRNA function by opening secondary structure in 3’UTR and liberating its binding site; D: RBP directly interacts with RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) complex, stabilizing binding of the latter. RBPs: RNA binding proteins; 3’UTR: 3’-untranslated region.