Velikova TV, Kotsev SV, Georgiev DS, Batselova HM. Immunological aspects of COVID-19: What do we know? World J Biol Chem 2020; 11(2): 14-29 [PMID: 33024515 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v11.i2.14]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Tsvetelina Veselinova Velikova, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Lozenetz, Kozyak 1 Street, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria. tsvelikova@medfac.mu-sofia.bg
Research Domain of This Article
Immunology
Article-Type of This Article
Field Of Vision
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Biol Chem. Sep 27, 2020; 11(2): 14-29 Published online Sep 27, 2020. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v11.i2.14
Immunological aspects of COVID-19: What do we know?
Tsvetelina Veselinova Velikova, Stanislav Vasilev Kotsev, Daniel Stefanov Georgiev, Hristiana Momchilova Batselova
Tsvetelina Veselinova Velikova, Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Lozenetz, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria
Stanislav Vasilev Kotsev, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pazardzhik Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment, Pazardzhik 4400, Bulgaria
Daniel Stefanov Georgiev, Dental Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria
Hristiana Momchilova Batselova, Department of Epidemiology and Disaster Medicine, Medical University, Plovdiv, University Hospital “St George”, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria
Author contributions: Velikova TV, Kotsev SV, Georgiev DS, and Batselova HM contributed equally to this work; All authors have read and approve the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Tsvetelina Veselinova Velikova, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Lozenetz, Kozyak 1 Street, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria. tsvelikova@medfac.mu-sofia.bg
Received: June 23, 2020 Peer-review started: June 23, 2020 First decision: July 25, 2020 Revised: August 1, 2020 Accepted: September 8, 2020 Article in press: September 8, 2020 Published online: September 27, 2020 Processing time: 92 Days and 17 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) results from the interaction between the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and the individual′s immune system, we can assume that its onset and development significantly depend on this communication. Immunological aspects of the disease reflect the importance of the immune system to inhibit the viral factors and to control and regulate the pathophysiological processes during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, immune-mediated and humoral immune responses, immune memory, the cytokine storm, and neuroendocrine-immune regulation are critical factors that can determine the prognosis and outcome for patients. Now, the science is directed to acquiring new data on the immunology, including immune memory against the virus, the development of new technologies for the detection of infection and effective vaccines. However, much more information remains unclear than verified knowledge of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19.
