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Hofer E, Cavalieri M, Bis JC, DeCarli C, Fornage M, Sigurdsson S, Srikanth V, Trompet S, Verhaaren BFJ, Wolf C, Yang Q, Adams HHH, Amouyel P, Beiser A, Buckley BM, Callisaya M, Chauhan G, de Craen AJM, Dufouil C, van Duijn CM, Ford I, Freudenberger P, Gottesman RF, Gudnason V, Heiss G, Hofman A, Lumley T, Martinez O, Mazoyer B, Moran C, Niessen WJ, Phan T, Psaty BM, Satizabal CL, Sattar N, Schilling S, Shibata DK, Slagboom PE, Smith A, Stott DJ, Taylor KD, Thomson R, Töglhofer AM, Tzourio C, van Buchem M, Wang J, Westendorp RGJ, Windham BG, Vernooij MW, Zijdenbos A, Beare R, Debette S, Ikram MA, Jukema JW, Launer LJ, Longstreth WT, Mosley TH, Seshadri S, Schmidt H, Schmidt R. White Matter Lesion Progression: Genome-Wide Search for Genetic Influences. Stroke 2015; 46:3048-57. [PMID: 26451028 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.115.009252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE White matter lesion (WML) progression on magnetic resonance imaging is related to cognitive decline and stroke, but its determinants besides baseline WML burden are largely unknown. Here, we estimated heritability of WML progression, and sought common genetic variants associated with WML progression in elderly participants from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium. METHODS Heritability of WML progression was calculated in the Framingham Heart Study. The genome-wide association study included 7773 elderly participants from 10 cohorts. To assess the relative contribution of genetic factors to progression of WML, we compared in 7 cohorts risk models including demographics, vascular risk factors plus single-nucleotide polymorphisms that have been shown to be associated cross-sectionally with WML in the current and previous association studies. RESULTS A total of 1085 subjects showed WML progression. The heritability estimate for WML progression was low at 6.5%, and no single-nucleotide polymorphisms achieved genome-wide significance (P<5×10(-8)). Four loci were suggestive (P<1×10(-5)) of an association with WML progression: 10q24.32 (rs10883817, P=1.46×10(-6)); 12q13.13 (rs4761974, P=8.71×10(-7)); 20p12.1 (rs6135309, P=3.69×10(-6)); and 4p15.31 (rs7664442, P=2.26×10(-6)). Variants that have been previously related to WML explained only 0.8% to 11.7% more of the variance in WML progression than age, vascular risk factors, and baseline WML burden. CONCLUSIONS Common genetic factors contribute little to the progression of age-related WML in middle-aged and older adults. Future research on determinants of WML progression should focus more on environmental, lifestyle, or host-related biological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Hofer
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Margherita Cavalieri
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Joshua C Bis
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Charles DeCarli
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Myriam Fornage
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Sigurdur Sigurdsson
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Velandai Srikanth
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Stella Trompet
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Benjamin F J Verhaaren
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Christiane Wolf
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Qiong Yang
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Hieab H H Adams
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Alexa Beiser
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Brendan M Buckley
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Michele Callisaya
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Ganesh Chauhan
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Anton J M de Craen
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Carole Dufouil
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Ian Ford
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Paul Freudenberger
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Rebecca F Gottesman
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Albert Hofman
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Thomas Lumley
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Oliver Martinez
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Chris Moran
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Wiro J Niessen
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Thanh Phan
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Naveed Sattar
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Sabrina Schilling
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Dean K Shibata
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Albert Smith
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - David J Stott
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Kent D Taylor
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Russell Thomson
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Anna M Töglhofer
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Mark van Buchem
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Jing Wang
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Rudi G J Westendorp
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - B Gwen Windham
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Alex Zijdenbos
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Richard Beare
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Lenore J Launer
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - W T Longstreth
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Helena Schmidt
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- From the Department of Neurology (E.H., M.C., H.S., R.S.) and Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (E.H.), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine (J.C.B., B.M.P.), Radiology (D.K.S.), and Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento (C.D.C., O.M.); Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.) and Human Genetics Center (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (S.S., V.G., A.S.); Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (V.S., M.C., C.M., T.P., R.B.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.C., R.G.J.W.), Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), and Radiology (M.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Epidemiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., C.M.D., A.H., M.W.V., M.A.I.), Radiology (B.F.J.V., H.H.H.A., M.W.V., M.A.I.), and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; INSERM U897 (C.W., G.C., C.D., S.S., S.D.), CNRS-CEA UMR5296 (B.M.), and INSERM U708 (C.T.), Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France; Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (C.W.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (Q.Y., A.B., J.W.); INSERM U744, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France (P.A.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (B.M.B.); INSERM U1161 and Lariboisière Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France (G.C., S.S., S.D.); Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands (C.M.D.); Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (I.F
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