Application of improved π anastomosis in totally laparoscopic radical right hemicolectomy

Table 1 Demographic characteristics, n (%)

Characteristic	Improved π group (n = 42)	Overlap group (n = 68)	P value
Age (years)	59 (49-66)	56 (43-70)	0.137
Sex			0.599
Male	25 (59.5)	37 (54.4)
Female	17 (40.5)	31 (45.6)
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD	24.74 ± 7.03	25.22 ± 6.88	0.665
ASA score			0.514
I	2 (4.8)	7 (10.3)
II	29 (69.0)	47 (69.1)
III	11 (26.2)	14 (20.6)
Tumor size (cm), mean ± SD	3.17 ± 1.24	3.09 ± 2.85	0.300
Tumor location			0.726
Cecum	12 (28.6)	15 (22.0)
Ascending colon	26 (61.9)	45 (66.2)
Transverse colon	4 (9.5)	8 (11.8)
cTNM stage			0.589
I	4 (9.5)	6 (8.8)
II	31 (73.8)	45 (66.2)
III	7 (16.7)	17 (25.0)

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI: Body mass index; cTNM: Clinicopathological tumor node metastasis.

Table 2 Surgical information and perioperative outcomes, n (%)

Characteristic	Improved π group (n = 42)	Overlap group (n = 68)	P value
Operative time (minute), mean ± SD	173.44 ± 60.01	181.72 ± 65.40	0.177
Anastomotic time (minute), mean ± SD	13.54 ± 4.47	21.69 ± 8.51	< 0.001
Blood loss (mL), mean ± SD	30.47 ± 6.12	28.18 ± 9.07	0.133
First time to flatus (hour), mean ± SD	68.64 ± 9.31	59.07 ± 9.67	0.049
Time to first oral intake (hour), mean ± SD	112.62 ± 23.01	108.18 ± 26.58	0.442
Hospital stay (day), mean ± SD	13.03 ± 4.44	12.59 ± 3.91	0.425
Postoperative hospital stay (day), mean ± SD	9.00 ± 2.04	8.69 ± 1.92	0.169
Anastomotic complications	0	1 (1.5)	1.000
Leakage	0	0	-
Stenosis	0	0	-
Bleeding	0	1	-
Abdominal abscess	0	0	-
Bowel obstruction	0	0	-
Other complications	5 (11.9)	8 (11.8)	0.982
Pneumonia	2 (40.0)	2 (25.0)	-
Wound infection	2 (40.0)	2 (25.0)	-
Urinary infection	1 (20.0)	4 (50.0)	-
Clavien-Dindo classification	3 (7.1)	8(11.8)	0.647
I	0	4 (50.0)	-
II	3 (100)	3 (37.5)	-
III	0	1 (12.5)	-
Bowel frequency (times/day)	3.11 ± 0.56	4.43 ± 1.71	0.017

Table 3 Pathologic information

Characteristic	Improved π group (n = 42)	Overlap group (n = 68)	P value
Lymph nodes dissected	25.83 ± 5.65	26.02 ± 4.51	0.750
Distal resection margin (cm)	8.18 (6.01-14.28)	8.93 (6.77-15.30)	0.524
Positive resection margin cases	0	0	-
pTNM stage, n (%)			0.790
I	4 (9.5)	5 (7.4)
II	29 (69.0)	51 (75.0)
III	9 (21.4)	12 (17.6)

pTNM: Pathological tumor node metastasis.