Recurrence risk prediction of small-molecule drugs plus chemo in postoperative gastric cancer: Retrospective analysis via molecular markers

Table 1 Basic characteristics of patients in both groups, n (%) or mean ± SD

Baseline characteristics	Recurrence group (n = 38)	Non-recurrence group (n = 98)	χ2/t	P value
Gender			0.039	0.843
Male	21 (55.26)	56 (57.14)
Female	17 (44.74)	42 (42.86)
Age (year)			7.742	0.005
≥ 60	26 (68.42)	41 (41.84)
< 60	12 (31.58)	57 (58.16)
BMI (kg/m2)	24.16 ± 1.75	23.94 ± 1.92	0.614	0.540
Differentiation			51.193	< 0.001
Poorly differentiated	27 (71.05)	10 (10.20)
Moderately-well differentiated	11 (28.95)	88 (89.80)
Primary tumor location			0.067	0.795
Antrum/cardia	20 (52.63)	54 (55.10)
Body/fundus	18 (47.37)	44 (44.90)
TNM stage			26.668	< 0.001
III-IV	27 (71.05)	23 (23.47)
I-II	11 (28.95)	75 (76.53)
TCGA somatotype			0.434	0.664
EBV-positive type	17 (44.74)	46 (46.94)
Microsatellite unstable type	15 (39.47)	41 (41.84)
Genomic stable type	6 (15.79)	11 (11.22)

BMI: Body mass index; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus.

Table 2 Comparison of molecular biomarker detection results between the two groups, n (%) or mean ± SD

Baseline characteristics	Recurrence group (n = 38)	Non-recurrence group (n = 98)	χ2/t	P value
CEA (ng/mL)	39.65 ± 4.17	38.79 ± 4.52	1.017	0.311
AFP (ng/mL)	23.17 ± 3.92	22.83 ± 4.05	0.443	0.658
PD-L1 positivity			13.322	< 0.001
Positive	29 (76.32)	36 (40.91)
Negative	9 (23.68)	52 (59.09)
CA125 (U/mL)	30.17 ± 2.94	29.56 ± 3.18	1.025	0.307
TMB (mut/Mb)	14.51 ± 2.82	10.13 ± 1.56	16.782	< 0.001

CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; PD-L1: Programmed death-ligand 1; TMB: Tumor mutation burden.

Table 3 Assignment status

Variable	Assignment
Age	≥ 60 years = 1; < 60 years = 0
Differentiation	Poorly differentiated = 1; moderately-well differentiated = 0
TNM stage	Stage III-IV = 1; stage I-II = 0
PD-L1 positivity	Positive = 1; negative = 0

PD-L1: Programmed death-ligand 1.

Table 4 Analysis of factors influencing disease recurrence after treatment

Factor	B	SE	Wald χ2	P value	OR	95%CI
Age	1.140	0.319	12.794	< 0.001	3.126	1.674-5.837
Differentiation	0.616	0.235	6.840	0.009	1.852	1.167-2.939
TNM stage	1.391	0.493	7.948	0.005	4.109	1.528-10.571
PD-L1 positivity	1.820	0.451	16.295	< 0.001	6.174	2.551-14.942
TMB	0.487	0.163	8.962	0.003	1.627	1.183-2.238

PD-L1: Programmed death-ligand 1; TMB: Tumor mutation burden.

Table 5 Values of molecular markers for recurrence prediction

Variable	AUC	95%CI	Sensitivity	Specificity	Cut-off value
PD-L1 positivity	0.698	0.613-0.774	76.3	63.3	-
TMB	0.934	0.878-0.969	78.95	95.92	≥ 12.37
Combined detection	0.983	0.945-0.998	94.97	98.98	-

PD-L1: Programmed death-ligand 1; TMB: Tumor mutation burden.